[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: good
Target surface form: good
Context:
Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their <t>good</t> opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=good%3:00:01:: | definition=having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified | examples=good news from the hospital; a good report card
2. sense_key=good%5:00:00:ample:00 | definition=having the normally expected amount | synonyms=full | examples=gives full measure; gives good measure
3. sense_key=good%3:00:02:: | definition=morally admirable
4. sense_key=good%5:00:00:reputable:00 | definition=deserving of esteem and respect | synonyms=estimable, honorable, respectable | examples=all respectable companies give guarantees; ruined the family's good name
5. sense_key=good%5:00:00:advantageous:00 | definition=promoting or enhancing well-being | synonyms=beneficial | examples=an arms limitation agreement beneficial to all countries; the beneficial effects of a temperate climate
6. sense_key=good%5:00:00:nice:00 | definition=agreeable or pleasing | examples=we all had a good time; good manners
7. sense_key=good%5:00:00:righteous:00 | definition=of moral excellence | synonyms=just, upright | examples=a genuinely good person; a just cause
8. sense_key=good%5:00:00:skilled:00 | definition=having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude | synonyms=adept, expert, practiced, proficient, skillful, skilful | examples=adept in handicrafts; an adept juggler
9. sense_key=good%5:00:00:complete:00 | definition=thorough | examples=had a good workout; gave the house a good cleaning
10. sense_key=good%5:00:00:close:02 | definition=with or in a close or intimate relationship | synonyms=dear, near | examples=a good friend; my sisters and brothers are near and dear
11. sense_key=good%5:00:01:sound:00 | definition=financially sound | synonyms=dependable, safe, secure | examples=a good investment; a secure investment
12. sense_key=good%5:00:00:opportune:00 | definition=most suitable or right for a particular purpose | synonyms=right, ripe | examples=a good time to plant tomatoes; the right time to act
13. sense_key=good%5:00:00:fortunate:00 | definition=resulting favorably | synonyms=well | examples=it's a good thing that I wasn't there; it is good that you stayed
14. sense_key=good%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=effective, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
15. sense_key=good%5:00:00:pleasing:00 | definition=capable of pleasing | examples=good looks
16. sense_key=good%5:00:00:intellectual:00 | definition=appealing to the mind | synonyms=serious | examples=good music; a serious book
17. sense_key=good%5:00:00:healthy:00 | definition=in excellent physical condition | synonyms=sound | examples=good teeth; I still have one good leg
18. sense_key=good%5:00:00:healthful:00 | definition=tending to promote physical well-being; beneficial to health | synonyms=salutary | examples=beneficial effects of a balanced diet; a good night's sleep
19. sense_key=good%5:00:00:genuine:00 | definition=not forged | synonyms=honest | examples=a good dollar bill
20. sense_key=good%5:00:00:fresh:01 | definition=not left to spoil | synonyms=undecomposed, unspoiled, unspoilt | examples=the meat is still good
21. sense_key=good%5:00:00:discriminating:00 | definition=generally admired | examples=good taste

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuance of "Good Opinion"**

Okay, so the sentence reads, "...whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves." The key phrase here is "good opinion." My task is to determine the precise meaning. "Good opinion," in this context, implies a *favorable* opinion, a *high* opinion.

I immediately consider several possible candidates from my mental lexicon. Candidate 1, "having desirable or positive qualities," stands out. Does that fit? I think so. It seems like it could mean a "positive opinion" of oneself. I have to be sure, though. Is there a more precise term for a *high* opinion? I scan other definitions. I examine Candidate 4, "deserving of esteem and respect." Hmm, that's not quite right. It's about *deserving* an opinion, not the opinion itself.

Back to Candidate 1. "Having desirable or positive qualities..." That works. A "good opinion" is a *positive* opinion. I'm looking for a sense of "favorable," and that's precisely what's implied here.

I rapidly evaluate other candidates. There's Candidate 21, "generally admired," Candidate 6, "agreeable or pleasing," and Candidate 13, "fortunate." No, those don't quite capture it. Candidate 4, “deserving of esteem and respect” is again not quite right. "Good opinion" refers to the nature of the *opinion* itself, not whether it is *deserved*.

Candidate 1 seems best. A "good opinion" of oneself is essentially a *positive* opinion, believing one has desirable qualities. Yes, that's it. It's the most concise and accurate representation of a favorable self-assessment. Candidate 1 is the winner.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: opinion
Target surface form: opinion
Context:
Here is an example. If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good <t>opinion</t> of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=opinion%1:09:00:: | definition=a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty | synonyms=sentiment, persuasion, view, thought | examples=my opinion differs from yours; I am not of your persuasion
2. sense_key=opinion%1:10:01:: | definition=a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof | synonyms=view | examples=his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page
3. sense_key=opinion%1:09:01:: | definition=a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people | synonyms=public opinion, popular opinion, vox populi | examples=he asked for a poll of public opinion
4. sense_key=opinion%1:10:00:: | definition=the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision | synonyms=legal opinion, judgment, judgement | examples=opinions are usually written by a single judge
5. sense_key=opinion%1:04:01:: | definition=the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself) | synonyms=ruling
6. sense_key=opinion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, notion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Good Opinion of Themselves"**

Okay, so the target here is the word "opinion" in that phrase. I need to nail down the precise meaning because it’s crucial to the overall interpretation. Right off the bat, I know we're dealing with their own personal assessment, a favorable one at that. So, what sense of "opinion" fits best?

Let's look at the definitions. Sense 1 is a personal belief or judgment *not* necessarily based on hard evidence. Synonyms include sentiment, view, and thought. Sense 2 is a straightforward message expressing a belief. Sense 6 presents the idea of a vague notion one has some confidence in. The example of "his impression of her was favorable" is similar to "have a good opinion of oneself", but not a perfect fit. Hmm, I need to choose. It really boils down to "belief or judgment". Sense 1 jumps out as the strongest contender right now. This is a favorable belief or judgment the person has about themself.

Now, let's circle back and solidify the choice. Is it Sense 1: a personal belief or judgment? Or maybe Sense 6, a vague idea?

Okay, let's keep the focus sharp, "opinion of themselves" -> belief or judgment about themselves. Sense 1 sounds right. It's a personal belief, a judgment. But wait, Sense 6 has an "impression of her was favorable", but the target is *opinion*. Ultimately, it's gotta be Sense 1.

type: thinking

service_tier: default

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: whole
Target surface form: whole
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The <t>whole</t> notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=whole%3:00:00:: | definition=including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete | examples=gave his whole attention; a whole wardrobe for the tropics
2. sense_key=whole%3:00:02:: | definition=(of siblings) having the same parents | examples=whole brothers and sisters
3. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:uninjured:00 | definition=not injured | synonyms=unharmed, unhurt, unscathed
4. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:healthy:00 | definition=exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health | synonyms=hale | examples=hale and hearty; whole in mind and body
5. sense_key=whole%5:00:00:undiversified:00 | definition=acting together as a single undiversified whole | synonyms=solid, unanimous | examples=a solid voting bloc

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Whole" in the Context of Creativity**

Alright, let's break this down. The key word I'm focusing on is "whole," specifically as it appears in "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education..." My understanding, given the surrounding text about the romantic rebellion, is that "whole" here means the *entire* concept, encompassing all its facets and implications. It's not just a part, but the complete package.

So, I ran through some potential definitions. Candidate 1, "including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete," is a dead ringer. It hits all the right notes: completeness, totality, the entire system. That's precisely what's implied here.

Now, the others... "siblings," "uninjured," "healthy," "acting together" – those are way off. They just don't fit the context. Clearly, Candidate 1 is the correct definition. It's the most appropriate and the only real option. This isn't rocket science, this is semantic clarity.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: notion
Target surface form: notion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole <t>notion</t> of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=notion%1:09:02:: | definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | synonyms=impression, feeling, belief, opinion | examples=his impression of her was favorable; what are your feelings about the crisis?
2. sense_key=notion%1:09:00:: | definition=a general inclusive concept
3. sense_key=notion%1:09:01:: | definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | synonyms=whim, whimsy, whimsey | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories; he had a whimsy about flying to the moon
4. sense_key=notion%1:06:00:: | definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Notion" in Context**

Okay, so the word I'm working with is "notion," and it's in the phrase "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education..." My immediate task is to nail down the most appropriate sense of "notion" here. Let's see... I've got a few candidates: a vague idea, a general inclusive concept, something odd or fanciful, and small personal articles. Hmm, the context is clearly about "creativity" in education. This sounds like an overarching concept rather than a vague idea or something quirky, and certainly not personal articles.

Right, so "a general inclusive concept" seems promising. Let me double-check... Yes, sense 2 is "a general inclusive concept," and it's right on the money. It fits perfectly: "the notion of creativity" is essentially "the concept of creativity." It's not a *vague* idea, because we are talking about a defined element, and the rest of the text seems to provide this definition.

Just to be thorough, I should dismiss the other senses. Sense 1, a "vague idea," is out. The synonyms listed - impression, feeling, belief, opinion - aren't applicable. We're discussing a defined concept, not an impression. And sense 3, "an odd or fanciful or capricious idea," while the text does allude to a "romantic rebellion," calling it a "romantic extravagance," the word "notion" in this specific instance doesn't imply strangeness. The author is using "notion" to mean "concept" in that sentence, not "whimsical idea."

Therefore, I'm confident that sense 2, "a general inclusive concept," is the correct interpretation. The sentence is best understood as "The whole concept of 'creativity' in education..." I'll go with that.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Education" in Context**

Okay, so the target word is "education," specifically within the phrase "...creativity in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction...". My initial thought is to pin down the precise meaning we're dealing with. Is it the *activities* of educating, the *process* of acquiring knowledge, or the *profession* of teaching? That's the key.

Given the surrounding text – the reference to "disciplined instruction" – the field or practice of education, especially as it relates to schools ("elementary schools"), seems most relevant. "Creativity in education" wouldn't generally focus on the *process* of acquiring knowledge; it seems to be about the *practice* of teaching.

Thinking about those dictionary definitions... Sense 1, "the activities of educating or instructing," seems most promising. Its synonyms – instruction, teaching, pedagogy, educational activity – are all good fits. "Creativity in education" here translates to creativity in pedagogy, teaching, or instruction. This works especially well because we're explicitly contrasting it with "disciplined instruction." It's almost a direct contrast.

Sense 4, the profession of teaching, is also an option, but the context seems to point toward the pedagogical *methods* rather than the profession itself.

So, let me solidify this. Sense 1 is the frontrunner: Creativity as it applies to pedagogy or teaching. The idea of "disciplined instruction" as its antithesis really seals the deal.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a <t>romantic</t> rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Romantic" in Context**

Okay, so the target word here is "romantic," and it's used in the phrase "a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction." My first thought, naturally, is to consider the artistic movement, Romanticism. The educational philosophy being discussed *could* have roots in Romanticism, figures like Rousseau, you know, but is the implication here impracticality or idealism? My instincts lean toward that angle, given the critical tone.

Then I realized, "romantic rebellion" *often* refers to the Romantic Movement itself, with its emphasis on emotion and the individual *over* rigid rules or authority. But what about the other meanings? I quickly dismiss the "sexual love" sense; it’s clearly not relevant.

My focus goes to the third sense: "impractical, idealistic, and unrealistic," the kind of "quixotic, wild-eyed" thing. Given the context's talk about "extravagance," "latent talents," and "undefined potentialities," this sense clicks with me.

But the phrase, "romantic rebellion," throws me a bit. Is the author *actually* referencing the Romantic Movement's rebellion against Enlightenment/Classical discipline? The phrasing, "notion of 'creativity'... was part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction," does hint at that. However, the subsequent "romantic extravagance" muddies the waters. Is it Sense 1 or Sense 3?

Let’s dig into Sense 3: "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic." That list of synonyms really highlights the core.

Sense 1, "belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts," *could* fit in a broader sense, but WordNet specifies "in the arts," and this is about education. The broader "idealistic" meaning of Sense 3 feels like it’s aligning better. Think "a romantic disregard for money" that mirrors the "romantic rebellion" here.

Now, let's consider the phrase "romantic rebellion" again. It's a standard term referencing that movement. However, the author is critiquing the educational philosophy as *unrealistic*, almost dismissive ("ignorance and intellectual incompetence").

Wait… Sense 3: "idealistic and unrealistic". This seems to align. It’s the "a romantic disregard for money" sort of thing. The author is framing the rebellion in a negative, idealistic light. Romanticism, as a movement, has rebellion at its core, but is it that or is it that the "romantic" aspect of the educational philosophy is idealistic and unrealistic?

In this context (education, "extravagance"), "romantic" likely means idealistic/unrealistic (Sense 3). Let's go with that. Let's really drill down on the specifics. “romantic extravagance,” “rebellion against disciplined instruction,” “undefined potentialities inherent in the souls”... That last phrase is perfect. It *screams* idealism and impracticality, and it's a perfect fit for Sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rebellion
Target surface form: rebellion
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic <t>rebellion</t> against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:01:: | definition=refusal to accept some authority or code or convention | examples=each generation must have its own rebellion; his body was in rebellion against fatigue
2. sense_key=rebellion%1:04:00:: | definition=organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another | synonyms=insurrection, revolt, rising, uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Rebellion" in Context**

Okay, so the target word is "rebellion," and the surrounding phrase is "a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction." Immediately, my mind jumps to the two main senses of the word. Candidate 1: refusal to accept authority. Candidate 2: organized opposition, insurrection, the kind you’d see in history books.

Given the context, the meaning is much more nuanced than a full-blown revolt. It’s about a **cultural or intellectual rejection** of established educational practices. The phrase "disciplined instruction" suggests a certain rigidity, a set of rules or conventions that are being challenged. This really fits with Candidate 1's definition of "refusal to accept some authority". The other candidate just doesn't quite apply here.

Therefore, I'm confident that sense 1 is the better fit. We're looking at a **philosophical or ideological defiance**, not a violent overthrow.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: disciplined
Target surface form: disciplined
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against <t>disciplined</t> instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:controlled:00 | definition=obeying the rules
2. sense_key=disciplined%5:00:00:trained:00 | definition=trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise | examples=the beautiful coordination of his disciplined muscles; a disciplined mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Disciplined Instruction"**

Okay, so the task is to nail down the meaning of "disciplined" in the phrase "disciplined instruction." My initial thought is to consider the two main senses of "disciplined": *obeying the rules (controlled)* and *trained mentally or physically.* Given the context of "instruction," it seems like we're dealing with structured, rigorous, and controlled instruction.

I start to dig into synonyms for each sense. "Controlled" and "trained" are the immediate standouts. The question then becomes whether "disciplined instruction" refers to the *instruction* itself being controlled, or the *result* of the instruction (i.e., a trained mind).

The phrase "rebellion against disciplined instruction" is a helpful clue. "Disciplined" clearly modifies "instruction" here. Is the rebellion against the rules of the instruction or the training of minds?

I pause and consider the definitions more carefully. Sense 2, being "trained," doesn't quite fit. Instruction isn't *trained*; it *trains* something else. Sense 1, with its emphasis on "controlled" and "obeying the rules," is more promising. Can instruction "obey the rules"? Maybe "controlled" is a better fit.

Aha! Perhaps "disciplined instruction" means instruction that *enforces* discipline, that is, it is instruction that keeps things in order. That seems right. It is an adjective that is modifying "instruction". Instruction that is ordered, strict, controlled.

I check WordNet just to be sure. It confirms the two senses, the same ones I'm working with. Again, Instruction is a process, so I am going to have to decide. "Disciplined instruction" - controlled instruction.

The context of "rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was regarded as authoritarian" seals the deal. "Authoritarian" and "repression" imply control and strictness. Therefore, the "controlled" sense fits best. My choice is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: instruction
Target surface form: instruction
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined <t>instruction</t>, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=instruction%1:10:04:: | definition=a message describing how something is to be done | synonyms=direction | examples=he gave directions faster than she could follow them
2. sense_key=instruction%1:04:01:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=education, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
3. sense_key=instruction%1:04:00:: | definition=the profession of a teacher | synonyms=teaching, pedagogy | examples=he prepared for teaching while still in college; pedagogy is recognized as an important profession
4. sense_key=instruction%1:10:02:: | definition=(computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program | synonyms=command, statement, program line

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Concept of "Instruction" in an Educational Context**

Okay, so the word I'm focusing on is "instruction," and the context is this idea of "creativity" clashing with "disciplined instruction" in education. Immediately, I need to pinpoint the relevant sense. Let's see... I've got a few options: a direct message, the *activity* of teaching/educating, the *profession* of teaching, or a line of computer code. Given the educational setting, the one that jumps out is sense number two: instruction as the *activity* itself – the process of imparting knowledge and skill. "Disciplined instruction" clearly refers to the methodology employed in teaching. It's not about a message, or the profession itself (though those are related), or a line of code, but the *doing* of educating. Therefore, sense two is the clear winner here.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: authoritarian
Target surface form: authoritarian
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "<t>authoritarian</t>, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:undemocratic:00 | definition=characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty | synonyms=autocratic, dictatorial, despotic, tyrannic, tyrannical | examples=an authoritarian regime; autocratic government
2. sense_key=authoritarian%5:00:00:domineering:00 | definition=expecting unquestioning obedience | synonyms=dictatorial, overbearing | examples=the timid child of authoritarian parents; insufferably overbearing behavior toward the waiter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Authoritarian" in This Context**

Okay, here's how I'm breaking down this "authoritarian" issue. The key is to zero in on the educational context. The text frames "creativity" in education as a response to something deemed "authoritarian." My expert knowledge immediately makes me think, "Alright, let's nail down what they *mean* by that in this specific setting." I see two potential senses: a straight political definition referring to absolute rulers, and a more behavioral definition implying dictatorial control.

The description of "disciplined instruction" triggers the latter sense for me. We're talking about *schools* and how structured learning is perceived. It isn't about the literal power of a head of state. It is, clearly, about this "disciplined instruction" being viewed as expecting obedience, as a way to suppress or hinder the development of latent talents in a student. Sense number two, "expecting unquestioning obedience," is the clear winner here. That's the core of what's being critiqued. It's the assumption that "disciplined instruction" equates to a teacher demanding blind obedience and stifling individual expression. This is my precise line of reasoning to identify the correct meaning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: repression
Target surface form: repression
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a <t>repression</t> and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=repression%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of forcible subjugation | examples=the long repression of Christian sects
2. sense_key=repression%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) the classical defense mechanism that protects you from impulses or ideas that would cause anxiety by preventing them from becoming conscious
3. sense_key=repression%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of repressing; control by holding down | examples=his goal was the repression of insolence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Repression" in the Context of Educational Philosophy**

Okay, the target word is "repression," and the context is all about this debate surrounding "creativity" in education and how it's framed as a rebellion against disciplined instruction. Hmm, right away I'm thinking about the implications.

Let's break down the candidate senses. There's sense 1, "a state of forcible subjugation" – that's a societal or political concept, usually. Then there's sense 2, "a defense mechanism" from psychiatry. While that's interesting from a psychological standpoint, it doesn't quite click here. Now, sense 3, "the act of repressing; control by holding down." That's the one. The text describes disciplined instruction as "a repression and frustration of the latent talents..." It's framing instruction as *actively* suppressing something.

The key is this "holding down" aspect. I want to be sure though, so I'll check some examples of sense 3. Okay, here's one: "his goal was the repression of insolence." So, the suppression of "insolence" is a good match. Here, it's the repression of "latent talents". Perfect. Sense 3 definitely fits best. It's the *act* of controlling and holding down the potential within students. This confirms my interpretation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: frustration
Target surface form: frustration
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and <t>frustration</t> of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=frustration%1:12:00:: | definition=the feeling that accompanies an experience of being thwarted in attaining your goals | synonyms=defeat
2. sense_key=frustration%1:04:02:: | definition=an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts | synonyms=thwarting, foiling
3. sense_key=frustration%1:12:01:: | definition=a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized | examples=her constant complaints were the main source of his frustration

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Frustration" in This Context**

Okay, so the target word is "frustration," and we're looking at it in this statement: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Right away, my expert mind is parsing the nuances. "Frustration" is a loaded word, obviously, with several senses we need to consider. We can't just jump to the emotional definition without a thorough look.

I immediately identify the three likely senses: the feeling that accompanies something, the act of hindering plans or efforts (like thwarting or foiling), and then the annoyance-based feeling. Now, given the surrounding words, especially "repression," the context screams that the second sense, the *action* of hindering, is the key one. It's almost certain it means to actively impede or thwart the development of those talents and potential. The phrase "frustration *of* the talents" clearly indicates a process or an action, not just a feeling. It's about *doing* something that prevents those latent abilities from blossoming, rather than an internal feeling that develops when something goes wrong.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: latent
Target surface form: latent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the <t>latent</t> talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:potential:00 | definition=potentially existing but not presently evident or realized | examples=a latent fingerprint; latent talent
2. sense_key=latent%5:00:00:inactive:02 | definition=(pathology) not presently active | examples=latent infection; latent diabetes

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Latent" in Context**

Okay, the target word is "latent," and the provided context is about the repression of talents and potential in children's souls. My initial approach is to consider the possible meanings of the word, as any language model would. I've got two candidates in mind: the first being "potentially existing but not presently evident or realized," which includes examples like "a latent fingerprint" or "latent talent," and the second option, related to pathology, meaning "not presently active."

The key here is the immediate context: it specifically mentions "latent talents." That's a direct match to the examples given for the first definition. Therefore, given the wording of the supplied prompt, that first definition, "potentially existing but not presently evident or realized," is clearly the correct interpretation in this instance. The pathological sense, though valid, doesn't align with the concepts of talent or potential. So, sense number one it is.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: talent
Target surface form: talents
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent <t>talents</t> and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=talent%1:09:00:: | definition=natural abilities or qualities | synonyms=endowment, gift, natural endowment
2. sense_key=talent%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who possesses unusual innate ability in some field or activity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Use of "Talents"**

Okay, so the lemma I'm working with is "talent", specifically the plural form "talents." The surrounding text mentions "...repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Right away, I see we're dealing with "latent talents," which points me towards a sense of inherent ability.

Looking at the candidate senses, I've got two main contenders: the general "natural abilities or qualities" – talent%1:09:00 – and then the more specific "a person with unusual innate ability" – talent%1:18:00.

Considering the context of "latent talents within children," it's clear we're not talking about specific individuals *as* talents. It's the *abilities* themselves that are being discussed – the potential abilities that are currently undeveloped. So, that first sense, talent%1:09:00, is the clear winner here. The focus is on the inherent *quality*, the potential, not the person possessing it. Case closed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: yet
Target surface form: yet
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as <t>yet</t> undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=yet%4:02:02:: | definition=up to the present time | examples=I have yet to see the results; details are yet to be worked out
2. sense_key=yet%4:02:04:: | definition=used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time | synonyms=so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet | examples=So far he hasn't called; the sun isn't up yet
3. sense_key=yet%4:02:03:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=even, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=yet%4:02:00:: | definition=within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time | synonyms=in time | examples=he longed for the flowers that were yet to show themselves; sooner or later you will have to face the facts
5. sense_key=yet%4:02:05:: | definition=used after a superlative | synonyms=so far | examples=this is the best so far; the largest drug bust yet
6. sense_key=yet%4:02:06:: | definition=despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession) | synonyms=however, nevertheless, withal, still, all the same, even so | examples=although I'm a little afraid, however I'd like to try it; while we disliked each other, nevertheless we agreed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Yet"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the specific meaning of "yet" in the phrase "if as yet undefined." Let's break this down. My initial focus goes to the candidate senses provided. Let's see...

Sense 1: "up to the present time" – Hmm, potentially relevant. Examples provided support this with "I have yet to see the results," and "details are yet to be worked out".

Sense 2: "used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time." Ah, now we're getting warmer. This immediately catches my eye because of the explicitly negative context, which the phrase offers (undefined). The synonyms listed - "so far, thus far, up to now, hitherto, heretofore, as yet" - resonate strongly with the intended meaning.

Sense 3: "to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons" - No, this is definitely not it. The comparative element is missing.

Sense 4: "within an indefinite time or at an unspecified future time." - This isn't quite right. The context is not implying a future, it's about the state of affairs now.

Sense 5: "used after a superlative" - No.

Sense 6: "despite anything to the contrary" - Definitely not.

The phrase itself, "as yet undefined," clearly indicates a state of being undefined *up to this point*. Aha! I was right. This is precisely captured by Sense 2. The phrase "as yet" is actually listed as a synonym! The negative context of "undefined" fits perfectly here. "If as yet undefined" implies "undefined up to this point." Thus, I confidently conclude that Sense 2 provides the exact match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: potentiality
Target surface form: potentialities
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, <t>potentialities</t> inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=potentiality%1:26:00:: | definition=the inherent capacity for coming into being | synonyms=potential, potency
2. sense_key=potentiality%1:09:00:: | definition=an aptitude that may be developed | synonyms=capability, capableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Potentialities" in Context**

Okay, the target word is "potentialities," and the lemma is "potentiality." Let's break down the context: "...a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Right, so I need to nail down the precise meaning here. I've got two candidate senses: the inherent capacity for coming into being, like a seed's potential to become a tree; and an aptitude that can be developed.

Thinking about it, the phrase "potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children" is clearly linked to those "latent talents". The first sense, inherent capacity, feels a little detached from the idea of something *developing*. It's more about inherent possibility, while the second sense, aptitude, feels like a more accurate fit because it’s something that *can* be nurtured. Capability, capableness. Yes, that's it. It’s about undeveloped abilities that are waiting to be realized. Therefore, in this specific context, I'm confident that sense number 2, the aptitude sense, is the correct interpretation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: inherent
Target surface form: inherent
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities <t>inherent</t> in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:intrinsic:00 | definition=existing as an essential constituent or characteristic | synonyms=built-in, constitutional, inbuilt, integral | examples=the Ptolemaic system with its built-in concept of periodicity; a constitutional inability to tell the truth
2. sense_key=inherent%5:00:00:implicit:00 | definition=in the nature of something though not readily apparent | synonyms=implicit in, underlying | examples=shortcomings inherent in our approach; an underlying meaning

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Inherent" in the Context of Potential**

Okay, so the target is "inherent" in that phrase about the potentialities in children's souls. Let's see, what does "inherent" *actually* mean here? My first thoughts were along the lines of "existing as an essential characteristic" versus "being in the nature of something, even if it's not immediately obvious."

Immediately, I'm drawn to the second definition. The phrase itself—"latent talents" and "undefined potentialities"—screams that these capabilities aren't readily apparent. The word "inherent" is used with "in", and that usage seems common with the second meaning. It sounds very similar to "implicit in", doesn't it? Let's check the examples again; "shortcomings inherent in our approach." Bingo.

But hold on, let's not jump the gun. We have synonyms for the first meaning like "built-in," "constitutional," and so on. Can we substitute "built-in" for "inherent" in this context? "Built-in concept" does work, but is it the right fit here?

So, I looked back at the examples and the preposition "in". This is a really strong indicator. If it's a synonym of "implicit in" then the phrase "inherent in" must be tied to the second candidate.

Okay, let's go back to the definitions. Is "inherent" *always* associated with the "not readily apparent" meaning? WordNet, what do you say? Ah, there it is! "Inherent" and "implicit in" are grouped together. That seals it. "Built-in" doesn't quite work here, even if it implies natural qualities.

Now, with this context, "latent" and "undefined" are really important. It seems like the potentialities are *naturally* a part of the soul (the "in" here is important), but we're also making the distinction that they aren't obvious. This aligns perfectly with the "underlying" nature.

Therefore, since the potentialities are "latent" and "undefined," I'm leaning toward Candidate 2. "In the nature of something though not readily apparent," like "implicit in" or "underlying" – that's the correct interpretation of "inherent" in this sentence. The second definition it is!


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: soul
Target surface form: souls
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the <t>souls</t> of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=soul%1:18:00:: | definition=the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life | synonyms=psyche
2. sense_key=soul%1:03:00:: | definition=a human being | synonyms=person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal | examples=there was too much for one person to do
3. sense_key=soul%1:12:00:: | definition=deep feeling or emotion | synonyms=soulfulness
4. sense_key=soul%1:04:00:: | definition=the human embodiment of something | examples=the soul of honor
5. sense_key=soul%1:10:00:: | definition=a secular form of gospel that was a major Black musical genre in the 1960s and 1970s | examples=soul was politically significant during the Civil Rights movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Souls"**

Okay, so the target word is "souls," derived from the lemma "soul." The context is "inherent in the souls of all our children." Right, let's break down the potential senses we're dealing with. We've got:

1.  The immaterial part of a person – the *psyche*.
2.  A human being itself.
3.  Deep feeling or emotion.
4.  The human embodiment of something.
5.  A type of music: a secular form of gospel.

Given the phrase, "inherent in the souls of all our children," it's pretty clear we're talking about something *within* the children. Sense 1, the immaterial part, the psyche, seems like the immediate fit. That's the essence of their being, the thing inherent within them.

Just to be absolutely certain, let's quickly eliminate the others. Sense 2, "a human being," would mean the children *are* the souls. But the sentence structure is clear that the children *possess* souls. We say "souls of all our children," so the children are the human beings and the souls are something *they* possess. Clearly, it's not a case of the souls being synonymous with the children themselves.

Therefore, sense 1 is definitely the correct interpretation here. The context points definitively to the immaterial part, the inner self, the psyche, being inherent within the children. We're good to go.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our <t>children</t>. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Children"**

Okay, so I'm diving into this text, and the word "children" immediately catches my eye. It's used in the phrase "all our children," and I'm thinking, right away, *what's the author really getting at here*? Is it literal human offspring, or a more general reference to the younger generation, young people in general? The first sentence, with the phrase "creativity in your children," definitely leans towards the offspring interpretation, as in, a parent's children. But then, "all our children" seems to broaden it out, culturally, to encompass all the youth in society.

Let's dissect this specific sentence: "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children." Now I'm leaning more towards "young people," especially considering the context of latent talents and potential. The synonyms for sense 1 – youngster, minor – are fitting. Context also suggests "a generation of young people."

So, I'm getting a sense of two possibilities. Sense 1 is defined as "a young person of either sex," and Sense 2 is "a human offspring of any age." In "the souls of all our children," "children" acts as a synonym for "youngsters" or "youth". Given the discussion around education, the first sense – youngsters, the youth – feels most applicable. The author is likely discussing the educational system's impact on young people, and their unrealized potential.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that <t>parents</t> find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Parents" in Context**

Alright, let's break this down. The target word is "parents," and the surrounding text explicitly mentions children and their education. My expertise screams, "This isn't about some biological source organism!" The context is all about human relationships and child-rearing.

Therefore, the first sense is the clear winner here. I'm focusing on "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian." That covers it perfectly, aligning with the implied responsibilities and desires of those individuals regarding their children's education. The other sense, the biological source... that's just a non-starter in this case. Case closed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: find
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents <t>find</t> this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Verb "Find" in Context**

Okay, so the sentence is "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive." My focus, naturally, is on "find." This is straightforward; the goal is to pinpoint the most precise meaning of "find" in this particular sentence. Essentially, what are the parents doing? They are not *literally* discovering anything, they're *perceiving* the extravagance as attractive, experiencing it as such.

I've got the candidates to sift through, and Candidate 5 jumps out immediately: "find%2:31:10:: | come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious." Yes, this is it. It's a perfect fit! The examples, "I feel that he doesn't like me" and "I find him to be obnoxious," are dead ringers for the way "find" is being used here. It's about a subjective belief or emotional response, not a physical discovery. "Parents find this attractive" is equivalent to "parents feel this extravagance is attractive," right? Case closed, I'm confident.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this <t>romantic</t> extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Romantic" in Context**

Okay, the target word is "romantic." The context presents "romantic extravagance" and a "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction." My initial candidates are the art movement, expressions of love, or something idealistic and impractical. The passage emphasizes how parents find this "romantic extravagance" attractive, juxtaposing it with the need for a traditional education, which implies practicality and common sense. This immediately makes me lean towards sense 3: "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic."

The description of this *romantic* concept as an "extravagance" and a "rebellion against disciplined instruction" really solidifies this interpretation. While sense 1, characteristic of Romanticism, could be somewhat relevant given its historical roots, the explicit contrast with "common sense" makes sense 3 far more compelling. A "romantic disregard for money" is an example that immediately clicks—it perfectly captures the essence of "romantic extravagance" in this educational setting. So, yes, the best fit here is indeed sense 3: "idealistic and unrealistic." It's the strongest fit given the contrasting themes of common sense and disciplined instruction.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance <t>so</t> attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Usage of "So"**

Okay, the task is to pinpoint the exact meaning of "so" in that sentence: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive." My initial thought, given the context, is that "so" is functioning to intensify the adjective "attractive." Essentially, it's about the *degree* of attractiveness.

Let's quickly run through the candidate senses to confirm that initial instinct.

1.  "to a very great extent or degree" – Yep, that feels like a solid fit. "So attractive" = "very attractive," and that works. This is looking promising.
2.  "in a manner that facilitates" – Doesn't make sense here. Doesn't facilitate anything.
3.  "in such a condition or manner" – Nope. Doesn't describe a state.
4.  "to a certain unspecified extent or degree" – This is a possibility, but less precise than my initial thought. It could fit, but I am leaning towards specifying how to what degree it is attractive.
5.  "in the same way; also" – No, not comparing or adding anything.
6.  "in the way indicated" – No, not referring to a specific method.
7.  "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed" – This one is interesting but usually requires a "that" clause. Not fitting here.
8.  "subsequently or soon afterward" – Definitely not about time.
9.  "from that fact or reason or as a result" – No causal connection here.
10. "in truth" – No, not related to truth or verification.

Therefore, sense 1 is the obvious and appropriate one: "to a very great extent or degree." My initial impression was spot-on. We're looking at an intensification of the attraction. The parents find it *very* attractive, not just moderately or somewhat attractive.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attractive
Target surface form: attractive
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so <t>attractive</t>. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attractive%3:00:01:: | definition=pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm | examples=a remarkably attractive young man; an attractive personality
2. sense_key=attractive%5:00:00:appealing:00 | definition=having power to arouse interest | examples=an attractive opportunity; the job is attractive because of the pay
3. sense_key=attractive%3:00:02:: | definition=having the properties of a magnet; the ability to draw or pull | examples=an attractive force

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Attractive" in Context**

Okay, the target word is "attractive," and the phrase is "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive." My initial thought is to consider the different senses of the word. Sense 1, "pleasing to the eye or mind," feels a little off here, though the idea of beauty or charm could be relevant in a broader sense. Then, I see Sense 2: "having power to arouse interest," or, essentially, *appealing*. That clicks more readily.

In this context, the "romantic extravagance"—presumably a notion or concept, related to creativity—is the object of this "attractiveness". So, the parents are finding this idea appealing or desirable. Right, it's about the parents' *reaction* to the romantic extravagance, their inclination towards it.

But hold on, Sense 1 did mention “pleasing to the mind.” That resonates, too, in a way. Let’s re-examine that notion, considering the examples. Oh, I see. “An attractive opportunity.” It's the *idea* that is attractive. So it is the power to arouse interest, which is appealing. So, here the opportunity/idea/notion is that which is attractive. It can be interchanged: “An attractive idea” or “an appealing idea.” Right, so it is the *notion* of romantic extravagance which is being found attractive.

And "appealing" seems to be spot on. "This romantic extravagance is so appealing" – that works perfectly. This means Sense 2 is the most appropriate interpretation. It's the appeal, the interest-arousing quality of the romantic extravagance that is being highlighted.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these <t>same</t> parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "These Same Parents"**

Okay, the task is to understand the word "same" in the phrase "these same parents" within the broader discussion of parents valuing both extravagance and their children's education. Let's break this down.

My immediate thought is that "same" likely refers to the *identity* of the parents. We are talking about the *very* parents mentioned earlier. It's not about them being similar, equal in value, or unchanged in nature, but about them *being* the exact same individuals. The context demands this.

I've got a few candidates from the system:

*   Candidate 1: "same in identity" - This feels right on the money.
*   Candidate 2: "closely similar or comparable" - Nope, too vague here.
*   Candidate 3: "equal in amount or value" - Definitely not what's meant in this case.
*   Candidate 4: "unchanged in character or nature" - While related, it's not the primary meaning intended within this context. The focus is on the *specific* parents.

Therefore, Candidate 1, "same in identity," perfectly encapsulates the intended meaning within the provided context. The phrase "these same parents" is a direct reference to the ones already introduced in the discussion.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same <t>parents</t> do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Parents"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the specific meaning of "parents" in that sentence about children and education. It's pretty straightforward, but I need to be precise. The sentence is, "Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood..." I've got two candidate senses: "parent%1:18:00::" – the biological father or mother, the human sense, and "parent%1:03:00::" – the broader biological sense, an organism that produces offspring.

Given the context of education, and the inherent link between parents wanting their "children" to have that education, the human definition, "parent%1:18:00::," is the only logical fit. No debate here. So, I will output {"sense_index": 1}. It's the first sense, the most relevant, and frankly, the only viable option in this scenario.