[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduce
Target surface form: reduced
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose <t>reduced</t>, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | examples=reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits
2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | examples=reduce a problem to a single question
3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | examples=He reduced the population to slavery
4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | examples=She reduced her niece to a servant
6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | synonyms=come down, boil down | examples=The proposal boils down to a compromise
7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=shrink | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | examples=reduce one's standard of living
9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | synonyms=scale down | examples=reduce an image
10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons | synonyms=deoxidize, deoxidise
11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | synonyms=tighten | examples=reduce the influx of foreigners
12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | synonyms=repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate | examples=The government quashes any attempt of an uprising; China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently
13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | examples=The cells reduce
14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | synonyms=abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract | examples=The manuscript must be shortened
17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, decoct, concentrate | examples=The sauce should reduce to one cup
18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, concentrate | examples=The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time
19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | synonyms=dilute, thin, thin out, cut | examples=cut bourbon
20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | synonyms=melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Reduced" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target word is "reduced," and it's being used in this phrase about Alimta: "...or the dose reduced..." Right, so what I need to figure out is what "reduced" means in relation to the *dose* of this drug. We're talking about making it smaller or potentially stopping it altogether based on blood counts.

Let's look at the senses provided. Sense 1, with the key `reduce%2:30:00::`, catches my eye immediately. The definition is "cut down on; make a reduction in," and the synonyms, like "cut back" and "trim," seem spot-on. The example, "reduce your daily fat intake," provides the perfect analogy. We're talking about lowering the amount of something, in this case, the medication. This fits the context of reducing the dose quite well.

Let me just quickly check the other options... Sense 8, which is about making something less extreme or modest, isn't quite the right fit here. And sense 11, which discusses narrowing or limiting something, doesn't capture the essence of a dosage change as well.

Yes, sense 1 is definitely the strongest contender. The definition itself, "cut down on; make a reduction in," and the example provided, reinforce that idea of a quantitative decrease. So, "dose reduced" means they're *lowering* the amount of the drug being administered. Perfect. This is clear and concise.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in <t>patients</t> whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Use of "Patients" in Context**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the intended meaning of "patients" in this medical context, specifically where Alimta is being discussed. The lemma is "patient," which offers a couple of possible interpretations. We're looking at a text that deals with drug administration, and I see the sentence: "...in patients whose blood counts are abnormal..."

It's immediately obvious, given the surrounding vocabulary and the overall medical framework, that the intended sense is **unambiguously** the first one: "a person who requires medical care." There's no possible chance of "the semantic role of an entity" being relevant here. The discussion centers directly on individuals receiving medical treatment. This is a very straightforward application of domain knowledge.

type: thinking

service_tier: default

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: blood_count
Target surface form: blood counts
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose <t>blood counts</t> are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=blood_count%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
2. sense_key=blood_count%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Term "Blood Counts" in Context**

Okay, so the prompt gives me "blood counts" within the phrase "patients whose blood counts are abnormal." My expert brain immediately starts sifting through the possible interpretations, the semantic nuances. I'm seeing two potential senses here: the *quantity* or *number* of blood cells (corpuscles) – sense 1 – versus the *act* of performing that count – sense 2.

Now, the context is key. "Abnormal blood counts" for *patients*... that instantly leads me away from the *process* of counting. The abnormality isn't in how the count was *done*, but what the *numbers* themselves are indicating. That really focuses my thoughts.

Therefore, it's crystal clear that the relevant sense is *definitely* sense 1. We're talking about the levels, the actual measured amounts, not the methodology. Case closed. Moving on...


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: abnormal
Target surface form: abnormal
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are <t>abnormal</t> or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:00:: | definition=not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm | synonyms=unnatural | examples=abnormal powers of concentration; abnormal amounts of rain
2. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:03:: | definition=departing from the normal in e.g. intelligence and development | examples=they were heartbroken when they learned their child was abnormal; an abnormal personality
3. sense_key=abnormal%5:00:00:immoderate:00 | definition=much greater than the normal | examples=abnormal profits; abnormal ambition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Abnormal" in a Clinical Context**

Okay, the target word is "abnormal," and the context is patient blood counts. My initial instinct is to consider all possible senses, to ensure precision in this clinical setting. The dictionary entries offer a few options. The first, "not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm," seems immediately relevant. It's the most general definition and allows for deviation in either direction – high or low – which is crucial for blood counts.

Sense two, relating to intelligence or development, is clearly not applicable here. We're dealing with hematological data, not cognitive function. And sense three, which describes something as "immoderate" or "much greater than the normal," is too specific. Blood counts can be *below* normal, not just above. While "immoderate" could apply to an *elevated* blood count, the broader sense of deviation from the norm in either direction is more appropriate for blood count analysis. Therefore, the first sense – the general deviation from the typical range – is the most precise and contextually accurate. It captures the essence of an undesirable blood count.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who <t>have</t> certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantic Nuances of "Have" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target is "have" in the phrase "...who have certain other side effects." My expertise tells me we need to nail down the precise meaning. The phrase indicates experiencing or suffering from medical symptoms. Let's delve into the different senses.

Sense 3, "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" is a good starting point, like "experience vertigo" or "get an idea." Then there's Sense 11 "undergo" and Sense 12, "suffer from; be ill with," such as "She has arthritis." Sense 16, "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)," like "He had an insulin shock," is also in the mix.

Initially, I leaned towards Sense 3 and 12, given the medical context. "Have arthritis" fits under "suffer from," (Sense 12) suggesting a direct parallel. But side effects could be a subtler experience. I considered the potential application of “experience” in Sense 3 or “undergo” in Sense 16.

Then, I focused on Sense 3 ("go through…experiences") because "have a side effect" fits that. I cross-checked in WordNet, which further supports the idea that side effects are considered experiences. But, wait, "suffer from; be ill with" (12) is also a very relevant option. Having a side effect does mirror the state of "having an illness" (Sense 12). A "headache" fits here.

Ultimately, I'm leaning back towards Sense 3. It just seems like the most fitting representation for "experiencing a side effect." But, "suffer from" is so close. I will select Sense 3, because it expresses "experience". I am confident in my choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: certain
Target surface form: certain
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have <t>certain</t> other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:definite:00 | definition=definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week; to a certain degree
2. sense_key=certain%3:00:02:: | definition=having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured | synonyms=sure | examples=felt certain of success; was sure (or certain) she had seen it
3. sense_key=certain%3:00:01:: | definition=established beyond doubt or question; definitely known | examples=what is certain is that every effect must have a cause; it is certain that they were on the bus
4. sense_key=certain%3:00:03:: | definition=certain to occur; destined or inevitable; ; ; - Benjamin Franklin | synonyms=sure | examples=he was certain to fail; his fate is certain
5. sense_key=certain%3:00:05:: | definition=established irrevocably | synonyms=sealed | examples=his fate is sealed
6. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:reliable:00 | definition=reliable in operation or effect | synonyms=sure | examples=a quick and certain remedy; a sure way to distinguish the two
7. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance | synonyms=sure | examples=be certain to disconnect the iron when you are through; be sure to lock the doors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Certain"**

Okay, so the word I need to unpack is "certain" within the context of "certain other side effects." Let's break down the potential senses. I'm seeing a range, from the vague "definite but unspecified" to the stronger "inevitable" or "established beyond doubt." We even have senses related to confidence and reliability.

Hmm, in this specific phrase, it's pretty clear that it points towards side effects that are *definite* but not *specified* at this exact moment. The author is likely referring to a class of side effects without naming each individual instance. This lines up squarely with sense number 1: "definite but not specified or identified." The examples for that sense, like "set aside a certain sum," really clarify it. Think about the sentence "patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects." Yup, the "certain" refers to a group of side effects, but we are not going to list them all at the moment.

Alright, double-checking… that example just works. Sense 1 is the winner.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain <t>other</t> side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Other"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the exact meaning of "other" in this sentence about side effects. "Who have certain other side effects." Immediately, my expert brain jumps to the possible interpretations – let's see, we've got a few candidates. There's the "not the same" meaning, the "recently past" option, a "belonging to the distant past" meaning, and finally, "very unusual; different" option.

Given the context of describing side effects, I can quickly eliminate the last three. "Recently past" or "belonging to the distant past" clearly don't apply to a current physiological state, and "very unusual" just doesn't fit the clinical nature of the description.

Therefore, the obvious fit is the first sense: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." "Certain other side effects" simply means effects *different* from those that have already been considered in this particular discussion – let's say, not the obvious ones like vomiting, dehydration, or blood abnormalities that we're usually concerned about. That's the most logical and precise interpretation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side_effect
Target surface form: side effects
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other <t>side effects</t>. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side_effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. sense_key=side_effect%1:19:00:: | definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing "Side Effects" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the task at hand revolves around the lemma "side_effect," specifically the surface form "side effects." The surrounding text mentions a drug, Alimta, used in anticancer chemotherapy. The discussion centers on dosage and patient side effects, detailing ways to mitigate them. I'm immediately leaning towards the medical definition here.

I'm considering two senses, basically, and while there's a broader definition encompassing any adverse fallout, the context screams "Sense 1": "a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy." The text specifically references reducing side effects with Alimta and delaying treatment based on certain side effects observed in patients. This aligns perfectly with the common medical understanding of drug side effects, like the example given of severe headaches. Therefore, based on the medical context, sense 1 is the obvious and appropriate interpretation here. It's a clear-cut case.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: use
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for <t>use</t> in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of using | synonyms=usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers
2. sense_key=use%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, role | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=use%1:07:02:: | definition=a particular service | examples=he put his knowledge to good use; patrons have their uses
4. sense_key=use%1:22:00:: | definition=(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing | synonyms=consumption, economic consumption, usance, use of goods and services | examples=the consumption of energy has increased steadily
5. sense_key=use%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition | synonyms=habit | examples=owls have nocturnal habits; she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair
6. sense_key=use%1:04:02:: | definition=exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage | synonyms=manipulation | examples=his manipulation of his friends was scandalous
7. sense_key=use%1:07:03:: | definition=(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property | synonyms=enjoyment | examples=we were given the use of his boat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantic Landscape of "Use"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the specific meaning of "use" in that Alimta sentence. Let's break this down. The target word is "use" in the phrase "not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems." My initial assessment tells me there are several potential senses in play for the noun form of "use". I have to consider: the act itself (usage, utilization, employment), the purpose or function, a specific service, the idea of consumption (economic consumption), a habit, a form of manipulation, and finally, enjoyment in a legal context.

Now, considering the sentence's context, "not recommended for use" immediately signals something related to the administration or application of the drug. The phrasing points to a situation where the act of *employing* Alimta is discouraged. This aligns directly with sense 1: "the act of using." I think this is solid.

To reinforce this, I can cross-reference the potential senses with this other example of the word, and the examples help me feel confident with my assessment. In that case, "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs" resonates closely with what the sentence is implying. "Not recommended for use" is very similar to "warned against the use," both clearly describing an action.

Therefore, after this detailed semantic analysis and considering the contextual cues, I'm confident in returning a sense index of **1**.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in <t>patients</t> with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Patients" in Medical Context**

Okay, so the target word here is "patients," and the context is pretty straightforward: we're looking at a medical text, specifically discussing Alimta dosage, administration, and contraindications. My first instinct, given the field, is that it's going to refer to people, individuals needing medical attention. Let's see...

I've got two candidate senses: the classic "person requiring medical care," and then a linguistic angle – the "semantic role of an entity." Obviously, in this setting, the second option just doesn't fit. The discussion about kidney problems and drug dosages screams "people being treated." Therefore, sense 1, "a person who requires medical care," is the clear and correct choice. Simple enough!


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: moderate
Target surface form: moderate
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with <t>moderate</t> or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=moderate%3:00:00:: | definition=being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme | examples=moderate prices; a moderate income
2. sense_key=moderate%5:00:00:mild:00 | definition=not extreme | synonyms=temperate | examples=a moderate penalty; temperate in his response to criticism
3. sense_key=moderate%5:00:00:temperate:00 | definition=marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes | synonyms=restrained | examples=moderate in his demands; restrained in his response

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Moderate" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target is the word "moderate" as it relates to kidney problems – specifically "moderate or severe kidney problems." My initial thought is to identify the best sense of "moderate" from the available options. The first candidate is "being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme." Then there's "not extreme / mild," and "marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes."

The key here is that "moderate kidney problems" imply something less than severe, so an intermediate level of severity. Let's delve into the idea of "not extreme" – that seems promising and "mild" is a related term. I check the WordNet definition for `moderate%5:00:00:mild:00`. It points to "not extreme" - a moderate penalty, but what about the mild, moderate, severe in medical contexts.

I consider the first sense again. But, kidney problems aren't about reasonable limits, right? Then I refocus on "not extreme," looking at examples like a moderate penalty, and it's synonyms like "temperate".

I look at WordNet senses of the adjective "moderate":
1.  being within reasonable or average limits; not excessive or extreme.
2.  marked by avoidance of extravagance or extremes.
3.  not extreme, associated with mildness.

In medicine, I recognize "mild, moderate, severe". "Moderate" clearly falls somewhere between the two extremes. So, sense 2 of "not extreme" is a good fit. But wait, is sense 1 better? I examine the examples again. But, "moderate" is a main adjective.

So, I check the synonyms for sense 2, which are "mild" and "temperate." So, I consider both senses.

I check sense 1: `moderate%3:00:00::` as it's the main sense: "not excessive or extreme", which is the definition.

I look at the context again. In medical texts, "moderate" means "not extreme". It seems sense 1 fits best as the general sense. But, it's a general sense, not specific, but the exact antonym sense of "severe" is better. So, sense 2 is possibly better.

I remember "mild, moderate, severe," where "moderate" comes after "mild". If "moderate" is related to "mildness", then "moderate" implies "mild".

Ultimately, I'll go with sense 1 which means "not excessive or extreme." I have to choose what's the best fit. I'll output sense 1. Wait, let me double-check. Actually, in medical texts, "moderate" means "not extreme". Sense 1 fits best as a general sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: severe
Target surface form: severe
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or <t>severe</t> kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality | synonyms=terrible, wicked | examples=severe pain; a severe case of flu
2. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:strong:00 | definition=very strong or vigorous | synonyms=hard, knockout | examples=strong winds; a hard left to the chin
3. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:plain:01 | definition=severely simple | synonyms=austere, stark, stern | examples=a stark interior
4. sense_key=severe%5:00:02:nonindulgent:00 | definition=unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment; - H.G.Wells | synonyms=spartan | examples=a parent severe to the pitch of hostility; a hefty six-footer with a rather severe mien
5. sense_key=severe%5:00:00:critical:03 | definition=causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm | synonyms=dangerous, grave, grievous, serious, life-threatening | examples=a dangerous operation; a grave situation
6. sense_key=severe%5:00:01:bad:00 | definition=very bad in degree or extent | examples=a severe worldwide depression; the house suffered severe damage

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Analysis of "Severe" in a Medical Context**

Okay, the target word is "severe," and the context is about Alimta not being recommended for use with patients who have "moderate or severe kidney problems." My initial thought is to consider the possible senses. I'm seeing a few obvious candidates: "intensely or extremely bad," which is sense 1, and potentially "very bad in degree or extent," which is sense 6.

Hmm, this is clearly a medical context. "Severe kidney problems" sounds a lot like "a severe case of flu," which immediately pushes me toward sense 1, and also sense 6. I'm recalling WordNet and seeing that "severe pain; a severe case of flu" is exactly sense 1!

Let's quickly check the sense keys to be sure. I see:

*   Sense 1: `severe%5:00:00:intense:00`
*   Sense 5: `severe%5:00:00:critical:03`
*   Sense 6: `severe%5:00:01:bad:00`

Given the medical context and the close parallel to "a severe case of flu," sense 1 is the best fit. I'm going with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problems
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney <t>problems</t>. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Semantics of "Kidney Problems"**

Okay, so the target word here is "problems" in "kidney problems". My initial thought is to navigate the senses in WordNet. I see three possibilities: a state of difficulty, a question for consideration, and a source of difficulty (trouble). Given the medical context, I'm leaning toward either a "state of difficulty" or a "source of difficulty."

Let's drill down: Sense 1 is about a "state of difficulty" needing resolution, whereas Sense 3 is directly about a "source of difficulty," almost synonymous with "trouble." In a medical context like this, "kidney problems" certainly implies "trouble with the kidneys," not just a general difficult situation. I want to make sure I'm precise.

Let's think about examples. "Health problems" seems like it maps well to "health troubles," reinforcing the idea of a "source of difficulty". "What's the problem?" and "one trouble after another" make "source of difficulty" fit even better. And, "trouble" is certainly used in medical discussions (e.g. heart trouble).

So, "kidney problems" essentially means "kidney trouble," and "trouble" feels spot on. WordNet's Sense 3, problem%1:09:00::, aligns perfectly, as trouble is listed as a synonym!

Just to be thorough, I'm re-examining the nuances. Sense 1 is a general difficult state: "It's always a job to contact him". Sense 3 is a direct source of difficulty: "What's the problem?" Sense 3 is definitely the right choice in this instance.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For <t>more</t> information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%3:00:01:: | definition=(comparative of `much' used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree | synonyms=more than | examples=more land; more support
2. sense_key=more%3:00:02:: | definition=(comparative of `many' used with count nouns) quantifier meaning greater in number | examples=a hall with more seats; we have no more bananas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "More"**

Okay, the target word is "more," and the surrounding context is "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics..." Immediately, I recognize that "information" is the key here. It's a mass noun, not something countable like "apples" or "details."

Now, let's break down the potential meanings of "more." I've got two clear senses. The first, and the one that feels relevant here, is as a comparative of "much." It quantifies something, indicating a greater *amount* or *degree* when dealing with mass nouns. Sense two, which is as a comparative of "many," focuses on a greater *number* and thus applies to count nouns.

Given that "information" is a mass noun, the first sense is definitively correct. It's not about having *more* individual pieces of information, it's about having a *greater amount* of it. The context clearly directs me toward the relevant sense of "more" – as a quantifier of mass nouns signifying an increase in size or quantity.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: information
Target surface form: information
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more <t>information</t>, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=information%1:10:00:: | definition=a message received and understood | synonyms=info
2. sense_key=information%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction
3. sense_key=information%1:10:02:: | definition=formal accusation of a crime
4. sense_key=information%1:14:00:: | definition=a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn | synonyms=data | examples=statistical data
5. sense_key=information%1:07:00:: | definition=(communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome | synonyms=selective information, entropy | examples=the signal contained thousands of bits of information

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing the Nuances of "Information"**

Right, let's break this down. That phrase, "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics," it's triggering something. I need to nail down the precise meaning of "information" here. My initial thought is it's used as "data" or "facts". Let's run through the definitions.

First, there's "a message received and understood" – kind of the basic "info" sense. Then, there's the more expansive "knowledge acquired through study," and then, "a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn," which I immediately interpret as "data."

Looking at WordNet, specifically, I see those reflected. "Information" can be a "message received and understood," and it's also "knowledge" and "data," but given the context of a product summary, I think it means the message, specifically, the facts and details.

So, when we're presented with "For more information," it usually leans towards sense 1, the simple "info" sense – "a message received and understood". That's the common usage. People say "For more info" all the time. But does it really fit here? Let's rule out sense 2, knowledge – that doesn't feel right. And sense 4, statistical data, is probably not correct.

I need to confirm if it means fact/details given to someone, a message. In SemCor, it seems that "information" as fact/details is generally sense 1. Think of that example: "Can you give me some information?" - definitely sense 1.

Yep, sense 1 is the best fit. I'm selecting it.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: see
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, <t>see</t> the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the "See" Sense in Context**

Okay, so the task is to determine the correct sense of "see" in the phrase "For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics." My first instinct is to consider the common senses, like perceiving with sight, but I know this is often a tricky disambiguation.

I need to analyze this very carefully. Let's see... the phrase implies consulting or referencing a document. Let's check the senses. Sense 1, perceive by sight, initially seems too literal, but maybe? Sense 7, "watch" or "view," doesn't feel quite right either. Sense 20, "observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect," sounds promising, like "I must see your passport," but does that capture the meaning of *referring* to a document? I'm not so sure. "See" as "refer to" is often a subtle sub-sense.

I'm thinking, "For more information, see..." means to consult or look at. I'll check Sense 1: perceive by sight, again, with a critical eye. WordNet often maps "see chapter 5" to Sense 1 or maybe Sense 20. But, is there another sense I'm missing? Could it be "find out, learn, or determine with certainty"? No, that doesn't fit the context either. Could it be Sense 24: "interpret, construe"? Nope. There isn't a specific sense for "refer to (a text)". WordNet sometimes lumps "see page X" under "perceive by sight" (Sense 1) or maybe it's just missing a specific sense and Sense 1 is used.

I'm checking if there's a "consult" sense. No. But the instruction implies the user should look at the summary, which is perceived by sight, so I'll revisit Sense 1 and the other alternatives. The literal action here is to perceive. Let's revisit Sense 1 examples: "You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?"

Okay, in the Oxford Dictionary, "see" is defined as "refer to." WordNet might map this to sense 1. Wait! Could it be Sense 9: "find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort" synonyms: determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn. examples: "See whether it works". No, this takes a clause usually.

Let's look at sense 20: observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect. "see the Summary of Product Characteristics". To "see" a document means to inspect it. No, still not sure. I'm going back to Sense 1, it's the most basic and can essentially mean "direct your sight to." Wait, maybe Sense 14: "take charge of or deal with" -> "see about". No.

I'm considering "see" as in "see a document". In typical WSD corpora, "see" in imperative for references ("see page 5", "see below") is often tagged as sense 1 or sense 20. But actually, "see" in "see Figure 1" is often tagged as sense 1. I'll stick with sense 1. Wait, let's reconsider sense 20: "examine" - I must see your passport. No.

Let's look at the literal action: you are told to "see" it. Meaning to look at it. To look at is to perceive by sight. Let's use sense 1.

Finally, "see" as refer to is often "see%2:39:00::" (sense 1). So I'll stick with Sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: product
Target surface form: Product
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of <t>Product</t> Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=product%1:06:01:: | definition=commodities offered for sale | synonyms=merchandise, ware | examples=good business depends on having good merchandise; that store offers a variety of products
2. sense_key=product%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact that has been created by someone or some process | synonyms=production | examples=they improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production
3. sense_key=product%1:09:00:: | definition=a quantity obtained by multiplication | synonyms=mathematical product | examples=the product of 2 and 3 is 6
4. sense_key=product%1:27:00:: | definition=a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction | examples=a product of lime and nitric acid
5. sense_key=product%1:19:00:: | definition=a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances | examples=skill is the product of hours of practice; his reaction was the product of hunger and fatigue
6. sense_key=product%1:14:00:: | definition=the set of elements common to two or more sets | synonyms=intersection, Cartesian product | examples=the set of red hats is the intersection of the set of hats and the set of red things

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

reasoning_content:
**My Thought Process on Defining "Product" in an SmPC Context**

Okay, so I'm tackling the word "product" in the context of a Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – a document *specific* to medicines.  Right off the bat, my expert brain knows this is a pharmaceutical context, so some general definitions won't apply. I'm seeing several senses in the candidates, and I need to hone in:

*   **Sense 1: commodities offered for sale:** Merchandise, ware – This feels relevant. Medicines *are* offered for sale.
*   **Sense 2: an artifact created by someone or some process:** Production – This also resonates.  Drugs are manufactured.
*   **Sense 3: a quantity obtained by multiplication:** Completely irrelevant.
*   **Sense 4: a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction:** Potentially relevant, but too broad, and I'm looking for the *thing* being described in the SmPC.
*   **Sense 5: a consequence of someone's efforts:** Not the primary meaning in this case.

Hmm, this is a tricky one. In the EU, SmPC describes a manufactured artifact, but the medicinal product is a commodity. Okay, so in a commercial context, "product" often leans towards commodities, but also "medicinal product". Let me check synonyms. "Merchandise, ware vs. production." A pharmaceutical product is both.

Let me check WordNet to clarify. Okay, sense 1 is commodities, sense 2 is an artifact. I understand EU regulatory language, it's about characteristics of the artifact/commodity.

Now, let's think. We're describing characteristics of a *thing* for sale. It's a manufactured entity. Does the SmPC refer to the process, or the thing itself? "Good business depends on having good merchandise." Yeah, that sounds right. "They improve their product every year", that sounds great.

I'm leaning towards Sense 1 now. A pharmaceutical drug is both a manufactured artifact and a commodity. "Summary of Product Characteristics" strongly suggests a focus on the finished item. Maybe if the SmPC was about the manufacturing process itself I'd lean more towards sense 2, but it's the drug *as it's offered*.

The more I think about it, the more Sense 1 feels correct in regulatory context. It's a *commodity* authorized for the market.

Okay, let me think more. No, I will go with the concept of being a commodity that is offered to a patient. Sense 1 is the right answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also <t>part</t> of the EPAR). How does Alimta work?

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing the Meaning of "Part"**

Okay, so I'm looking at this phrase: "also part of the EPAR." The context tells me to consider this in light of the "Summary of Product Characteristics," which is also mentioned. My initial thought is to determine what "part" signifies here. My field of expertise tells me that EPAR refers to the European Public Assessment Report.

I've got a couple of candidate senses, and let me break it down:

*   **Sense 1** speaks to something being a *component* or *constituent* of a larger whole. Synonyms include things like "portion," "component part," and "constituent." An example that fits this is "I read a portion of the manuscript."
*   **Sense 9** is more about a *section* or *division* of something. Synonyms include "section" and "division," with an example such as "the written part of the exam."

Now, the SPC, or Summary of Product Characteristics, is clearly a component *within* the larger EPAR. It's a document, really. So, is it a section, or a component?

"Also part of the EPAR" implies inclusion. If the EPAR is the whole, the SPC is part of it. Sense 1's general definition seems to match well - "a part of something bigger". The manuscript example fits here as well.

I'm thinking that, because we are talking about *documents*, both senses could apply, as documents can be divided into sections or composed of components. But, the phrase "Summary of Product Characteristics (also a constituent/component of the EPAR)" feels right. "Part of" can suggest a *component* of a larger whole as in the examples "part of the body" or "part of the team."

WordNet also indicates sense 1 as the most common and broad sense.

I'm leaning towards Sense 1, with "part" implying a *component* or *constituent* within the EPAR.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: active
Target surface form: active
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The <t>active</t> substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=active%3:00:02:: | definition=tending to become more severe or wider in scope | examples=active tuberculosis
2. sense_key=active%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=engaged in or ready for military or naval operations | synonyms=combat-ready, fighting | examples=on active duty; the platoon is combat-ready
3. sense_key=active%3:00:03:: | definition=disposed to take action or effectuate change | examples=a director who takes an active interest in corporate operations; an active antagonism
4. sense_key=active%5:00:00:involved:00 | definition=taking part in an activity | synonyms=participating | examples=an active member of the club; he was politically active
5. sense_key=active%3:00:01:: | definition=characterized by energetic activity | examples=an active toddler; active as a gazelle
6. sense_key=active%3:00:07:: | definition=exerting influence or producing a change or effect | examples=an active ingredient
7. sense_key=active%3:00:06:: | definition=full of activity or engaged in continuous activity | examples=an active seaport; an active bond market
8. sense_key=active%5:00:00:existent:00 | definition=in operation | synonyms=alive | examples=keep hope alive; the tradition was still alive
9. sense_key=active%3:00:10:: | definition=(of the sun) characterized by an increased occurrence of sunspots and flares and radio emissions
10. sense_key=active%3:00:09:: | definition=expressing that the subject of the sentence has the semantic function of actor: | examples=Hemingway favors active constructions
11. sense_key=active%3:00:00:: | definition=(used of verbs (e.g. `to run') and participial adjectives (e.g. `running' in `running water')) expressing action rather than a state of being | synonyms=dynamic
12. sense_key=active%3:00:05:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) capable of erupting
13. sense_key=active%3:00:04:: | definition=(of e.g. volcanos) erupting or liable to erupt | examples=active volcanos
14. sense_key=active%3:00:08:: | definition=engaged in full-time work | examples=active duty; though past retirement age he is still active in his profession

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

reasoning_content:
Here's my thought process, distilled:

**Analyzing "Active" in a Pharmaceutical Context**

Okay, the target word is "active," and it's used in reference to pemetrexed, the Alimta compound. We're talking about a "cytotoxic medicine" so the sense of "active" is clearly related to its effect. The phrase is "active substance," which immediately makes me think of "active ingredient."

Let's see... looking at the possible senses, sense 6 seems spot on: "exerting influence or producing a change or effect." That's exactly it! The "active" substance is the component that causes the drug to work. That definition and the provided example nails the meaning. Problem solved.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: substance
Target surface form: substance
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active <t>substance</t> in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=substance%1:03:00:: | definition=the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists | examples=DNA is the substance of our genes
2. sense_key=substance%1:09:01:: | definition=the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience | synonyms=kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist | examples=the gist of the prosecutor's argument; the heart and soul of the Republican Party
3. sense_key=substance%1:09:00:: | definition=the idea that is intended | synonyms=meaning | examples=What is the meaning of this proverb?
4. sense_key=substance%1:27:00:: | definition=material of a particular kind or constitution | examples=the immune response recognizes invading substances
5. sense_key=substance%1:21:00:: | definition=considerable capital (wealth or income) | synonyms=means | examples=he is a man of means
6. sense_key=substance%1:10:00:: | definition=what a communication that is about something is about | synonyms=message, content, subject matter
7. sense_key=substance%1:03:01:: | definition=a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties | examples=shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 7}
```

reasoning_content:
**Disambiguating "Substance" in a Pharmacological Context**

Okay, so the target is "substance" in "active substance" within a medical context—specifically, related to a drug, pemetrexed. My brain immediately starts running through the possible senses. We've got the usual suspects: physical matter, the core idea, material generally, even the financial definition, and what a communication refers to.

Given the phrase "active substance" and that we are talking about a drug, it's pretty clear we're dealing with a chemical or pharmacological material. I'm focusing on "the active *ingredient* in Alimta".

Let's review the candidates, keeping the medical context in mind.
First, sense 1: the physical matter - "DNA is the substance of our genes". Doesn't quite fit, although there is a sense of something concrete here.
Second, the choicest part - that’s probably wrong.
Third, the idea that is intended - no.
Fourth, "material of a particular kind" - like the immune system recognizing "invading substances." This is getting warmer.
Fifth, considerable capital - obviously not.
Sixth, what a communication is about - also not.
Finally, and I think this is it: sense 7, "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties" - "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man". This sounds promising!

So, with "active substance" referring to a specific chemical compound - Pemetrexed - it's either sense 7 or perhaps sense 4, given the "active ingredient" aspect.

I'm thinking "active substance" is probably a specific chemical substance, and that "active ingredient" is often used interchangeably. WordNet, though, may be thinking of "active substance" as a compound term.

Ultimately, given the specific chemical nature of pemetrexed and the context, sense 7, "a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties", is the best fit. That's the one.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic <t>medicine</t> (a medicine that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Definition of "Medicine" in Context**

Okay, so the target here is the word "medicine" within the context of "a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that kills cells...)". My immediate focus is on disambiguating the different senses of the word. Let's see... I've got a few candidates: the broad "branch of medical science," a "drug or medication," the "learned profession," or even a sort of "punishment." Given my expertise, I quickly recognize that the most likely candidate, by far, is the second sense: *something that treats, prevents, or alleviates disease* – what we commonly refer to as a "drug," "medication," or "medicament."

The description explicitly calls pemetrexed an "active substance," a *cytotoxic medicine*. Right away, this fits sense two like a glove. The description of it being cytotoxic, that is, cell-killing, confirms that we're talking about a medicinal substance used to achieve a therapeutic effect. It’s a pretty straightforward disambiguation, really.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a <t>medicine</t> that kills cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Definition of "Medicine"**

Okay, so the target word here is "medicine," specifically in relation to pemetrexed, a cytotoxic agent. The sentence clearly uses "medicine" to mean a drug or medication, something that has a therapeutic effect. My task is to determine the most accurate definition of "medicine" within that scope. I've considered several definitions, and Candidate 2, which states: "something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease," is the best fit. That's right on the nose! It's synonymous with "medication," "medicament," and "medicinal drug"—all terms that directly apply to pemetrexed's function. Therefore, I'm confidently selecting Candidate 2 as the appropriate definition for this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: kill
Target surface form: kills
Context:
When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR). How does Alimta work? The active substance in Alimta, pemetrexed, is a cytotoxic medicine (a medicine that <t>kills</t> cells that are dividing, such as cancer cells), which belongs to the group antimetabolites. In the body, pemetrexed is converted into an active form that blocks the activity of the enzymes that are involved in producing nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA and RNA, the genetic material of cells).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=kill%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly | examples=This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank; The farmer killed a pig for the holidays
2. sense_key=kill%2:41:01:: | definition=thwart the passage of | synonyms=shoot down, defeat, vote down, vote out | examples=kill a motion; he shot down the student's proposal
3. sense_key=kill%2:30:08:: | definition=end or extinguish by forceful means | synonyms=stamp out | examples=Stamp out poverty!
4. sense_key=kill%2:42:00:: | definition=be fatal | examples=cigarettes kill; drunken driving kills
5. sense_key=kill%2:39:00:: | definition=be the source of great pain for | examples=These new shoes are killing me!
6. sense_key=kill%2:37:00:: | definition=overwhelm with hilarity, pleasure, or admiration | examples=The comedian was so funny, he was killing me!
7. sense_key=kill%2:35:06:: | definition=hit with so much force as to make a return impossible, in racket games | examples=She killed the ball
8. sense_key=kill%2:35:05:: | definition=hit with great force | examples=He killed the ball
9. sense_key=kill%2:35:02:: | definition=deprive of life | examples=AIDS has killed thousands in Africa
10. sense_key=kill%2:35:01:: | definition=cause the death of, without intention | examples=She was killed in the collision of three cars
11. sense_key=kill%2:34:00:: | definition=drink down entirely | synonyms=toss off, pop, bolt down, belt down, pour down, down | examples=He downed three martinis before dinner; She killed a bottle of brandy that night
12. sense_key=kill%2:30:00:: | definition=mark for deletion, rub off, or erase | synonyms=obliterate, wipe out | examples=kill these lines in the President's speech
13. sense_key=kill%2:30:04:: | definition=tire out completely | examples=The daily stress of her work is killing her
14. sense_key=kill%2:30:03:: | definition=cause to cease operating | examples=kill the engine
15. sense_key=kill%2:30:02:: | definition=destroy a vitally essential quality of or in | examples=Eating artichokes kills the taste of all other foods

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Sense of "Kills" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so I'm looking at the word "kills" in the context of a medicine. My initial thought is to identify the correct sense of "kill" given the situation, where a medicine *kills* cells. I'm immediately considering a few senses that seem relevant: "cause to die; put to death," "be fatal," "deprive of life," and "cause the death of, without intention."

Sense 1, "cause to die," is the most basic, but then I remember that often that is intentional, such as a person. Sense 9, "deprive of life," strikes me as a good fit, especially because the agent "medicine" is inanimate and the target is cells. It's like a disease that *deprives* someone of life.

I'm thinking about the subtle distinctions between "cause to die" (sense 1), "deprive of life" (sense 9), and "cause the death of, without intention" (sense 10). I'm debating whether the medicine *intends* to kill in the same way a person might. I'm cross-referencing examples from WordNet, looking at how the senses are used with various subjects.

I'm now weighing the context: a *cytotoxic medicine* destroying cells. WordNet often maps this to either sense 1 or sense 9. It's becoming apparent that with inanimate agents, "deprive of life" (sense 9) is appropriate. But, I am also considering that cells are living things, maybe even just "caused to die."

I'm also considering other options, like obliterate, stamp out, but these don't seem like the best fits. I'm returning to sense 1 and sense 9. However, sense 1 has "intentionally," which a medicine does not have. Sense 9, "deprive of life," seems to fit better the inanimate agent (medicine).

I'm checking in SemCor for examples of "kill" in this context. I'm leaning again towards "deprive of life" because inanimate agents often have this sense. But, I'm now going back to sense 1, as the base sense. This seems the most common and standard sense. Then I consider "die" is related to "kill".

Wait! Here, I consider "deprive of life" perfectly fits as the drug is inanimate. It reminds me that a medicine *killing* cells is similar to a disease that kills people.

I'm reconsidering sense 1 because WordNet lists it as the most frequent. However, my instincts tell me "deprive of life" is safer, due to the inanimate agent. I go back and forth between them. The final deciding point is that because "cells" are biological entities, I'm choosing sense 1: "cause to die"