[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: week
Target surface form: weeks
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three <t>weeks</t> as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=week%1:28:00:: | definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week
2. sense_key=week%1:28:01:: | definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. sense_key=week%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing the Term "Weeks" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target term is "weeks" and it's used in the phrase "every three weeks" within a medical context. My immediate task is to accurately define what "weeks" signifies here. I have to think like the dosing schedule's designer, and consider what they need to convey.

My first thought is that "weeks" here is *not* a reference to a standard workweek, nor necessarily a calendar week that begins on Sunday. It needs to be precise for dosing. Instead, it's about time.

The options I have are: "any period of seven consecutive days," "hours or days of work in a calendar week," and "a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday."

The second one is quickly discarded, given the clear medical context of the dosing schedule - it's completely irrelevant. That leaves the other two.

Thinking this through, the phrase "every three weeks" in this medical scenario translates directly to a period of 21 days. If it was to start on Sunday, and that was the critical element, this would likely be explicitly stated. So, given the context, the first choice - "any period of seven consecutive days" - is the only one that makes complete sense, and it is the only correct answer. It is therefore the most accurate representation of the term "weeks" in this scenario.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: infusion
Target surface form: infusion
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous <t>infusion</t> lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=infusion%1:27:00:: | definition=a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water) | synonyms=extract
2. sense_key=infusion%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water)
3. sense_key=infusion%1:04:00:: | definition=(medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
4. sense_key=infusion%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality | examples=the team's continued success is attributable to a steady infusion of new talent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Concept of "Infusion" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the prompt gives me "infusion," and it's used with "intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes." Right away, my brain goes to work, sifting through the different potential meanings of this term. Let's see...

I know that "infusion" can refer to a solution obtained by steeping something – like tea. But that doesn't fit here. Then there's the broader concept of the *process* of extraction, which is also a possibility. But that's still too general. There's also the act of infusing a modifying element to something. Again, too broad.

Ah, but the crucial clue is "intravenous infusion." The medical context immediately hones in on Sense 3: the *passive* introduction of a substance directly into a vein or between tissues. Given the established medical framework, that's undeniably the *correct* interpretation. The 10-minute duration further solidifies this understanding. Therefore, the discussion centers on the controlled delivery of a substance into a patient's circulatory system. This is straightforward; the term has a very precise meaning in this scenario.

type: thinking

service_tier: default

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: last
Target surface form: lasting
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion <t>lasting</t> 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=last%2:42:00:: | definition=persist for a specified period of time | synonyms=endure | examples=The bad weather lasted for three days
2. sense_key=last%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Lasting"**

Okay, so the task at hand involves disambiguating "lasting" – derived from the lemma "last" – in this specific sentence. Let's break this down. The context is "It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes." The challenge is to identify the precise meaning of "lasting" in this scenario.

I've got two candidate senses I'm considering. First, there's the sense of *persisting for a specific period*, like "The meeting lasted for an hour." Then, there's the more figurative sense, *continuing to live through difficulty* – "His memory will last forever".

Looking at the context, an intravenous infusion simply *persisting* for a duration of 10 minutes is the most obvious, and logical, fit. Sense 1, the duration meaning, is clearly the right one here. The second sense doesn't make sense in this context. Done.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: minute
Target surface form: minutes
Context:
Alimta is used in combination with cisplatin in patients who have not been treated before, and on its own in patients who have received another type of chemotherapy in the past. The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 <t>minutes</t>. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=minute%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour | synonyms=min | examples=he ran a 4 minute mile
2. sense_key=minute%1:28:01:: | definition=an indefinitely short time | synonyms=moment, mo, second, bit | examples=wait just a moment; in a mo
3. sense_key=minute%1:28:02:: | definition=a particular point in time | synonyms=moment, second, instant | examples=the moment he arrived the party began
4. sense_key=minute%1:23:00:: | definition=a unit of angular distance equal to a 60th of a degree | synonyms=arcminute, minute of arc
5. sense_key=minute%1:10:00:: | definition=a short note | examples=the secretary keeps the minutes of the meeting
6. sense_key=minute%1:07:00:: | definition=distance measured by the time taken to cover it | synonyms=hour | examples=we live an hour from the airport; its just 10 minutes away

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Temporal Context**

Okay, the task is straightforward. The key term is "minutes," specifically within the phrase "lasting 10 minutes." My expertise immediately flags this as a temporal measurement, a duration. We're dealing with an intravenous infusion, so the "10 minutes" must describe how long the procedure takes. Now, let's dissect the options.

*   **Option 1:** A unit of time equal to 60 seconds... Bingo. That's the primary, most common definition. It's the standard definition and lines up perfectly with the context of a procedure taking a certain duration.

*   **Option 2:** An indefinitely short time... While conceptually related, "indefinitely short" isn't a precise unit. It's too vague for measuring something as specific as an infusion time.

*   **Option 3:** A particular point in time... No, that's a specific instant, not a duration. Not relevant.

*   **Option 4:** A unit of angular distance... Absolutely not. Wrong field entirely.

*   **Option 5:** A short note... Completely irrelevant.

*   **Option 6:** Distance measured by time... While connected to time, this doesn't capture the essence of what is being expressed. Distance implies traveling, a rate, and not the infusion.

Therefore, the first sense – the unit of time – is the clear winner. There's no ambiguity here. It's a direct and precise match for "10 minutes" in this procedural context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduce
Target surface form: reduce
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To <t>reduce</t> side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | examples=reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits
2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | examples=reduce a problem to a single question
3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | examples=He reduced the population to slavery
4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | examples=She reduced her niece to a servant
6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | synonyms=come down, boil down | examples=The proposal boils down to a compromise
7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=shrink | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | examples=reduce one's standard of living
9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | synonyms=scale down | examples=reduce an image
10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons | synonyms=deoxidize, deoxidise
11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | synonyms=tighten | examples=reduce the influx of foreigners
12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | synonyms=repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate | examples=The government quashes any attempt of an uprising; China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently
13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | examples=The cells reduce
14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | synonyms=abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract | examples=The manuscript must be shortened
17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, decoct, concentrate | examples=The sauce should reduce to one cup
18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, concentrate | examples=The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time
19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | synonyms=dilute, thin, thin out, cut | examples=cut bourbon
20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | synonyms=melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Reduce Side Effects"**

Okay, so the task at hand is to pinpoint the most accurate meaning of "reduce" when paired with "side effects." My immediate instinct is that it means to lessen or diminish those unwanted consequences. Let's dig deeper and see if that holds up.

My initial thought leans towards sense 1: "cut down on; make a reduction in." It seems like a direct fit – reducing side effects is, fundamentally, making them less impactful.

But, I need to be thorough. I'll quickly consider other senses, just to be certain. Sense 8, "lessen and make more modest," and sense 11, "narrow or limit," pop up as possibilities, but they don't quite capture the core idea as succinctly.

Wait, let's go back and examine Sense 1: reduce%2:30:00:: | cut down on; make a reduction in again, specifically looking at the given example for context. Okay, comparing "reduce your daily fat intake" to the target phrase, "reduce side effects," the analogy stands strong. The goal with fat intake or side effects is to lessen their amount or degree, to make them less severe or prevalent. Sense 1 is the primary fit here.

Yes, sense 1 seems the most appropriate. It's the most precise in describing the act of lessening the amount, degree, or severity of those side effects. We are good to proceed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side_effect
Target surface form: side effects
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce <t>side effects</t>, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side_effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. sense_key=side_effect%1:19:00:: | definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Side Effects"**

Okay, so the prompt gives me the target phrase: "side effects." Pretty straightforward, but the context is crucial. We're talking about a patient taking Alimta, which, as I recall, is an anticancer chemotherapy. That immediately directs my thinking towards the pharmacological context.

The text presents two senses, and the first – "a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy" – is a spot-on fit. The context explicitly mentions medication and treatment with a therapy, Alimta. The second sense, "any adverse and unwanted secondary effect," is broader, it's definitely in the right ballpark, but sense one offers more precision and clarity within this specific clinical scenario. It's the most *precise* fit. So, I'm locking onto the pharmacological definition of "side effects" here, as related to a specific drug/therapy and its adverse reactions. That's the core understanding to take away from this.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, <t>patients</t> should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Term "Patients" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the word "patients" has popped up in this medical context: "...patients should take a corticosteroid...".  My immediate thought is, given my expertise, that this is straightforward. We're dealing with "patients" as in *people* requiring medical care, specifically those being prescribed a corticosteroid. It's a clear instance of Sense 1 - the one relating to individuals receiving treatment. There's no room for ambiguity here. Sense 2, which I recognize from my linguistic work as referring to a semantic role, is completely irrelevant. The surrounding vocabulary of medicine, doctors, and treatments solidly reinforces this interpretation. The context screams "medical setting," and thus, "patients" unequivocally means individuals under medical care. Case closed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: type
Target surface form: type
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a <t>type</t> of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=type%1:09:00:: | definition=a subdivision of a particular kind of thing | examples=what type of sculpture do you prefer?
2. sense_key=type%1:18:00:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, case | examples=a real character; a strange character
3. sense_key=type%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
4. sense_key=type%1:10:01:: | definition=printed characters | examples=small type is hard to read
5. sense_key=type%1:10:00:: | definition=all of the tokens of the same symbol | examples=the word `element' contains five different types of character
6. sense_key=type%1:06:00:: | definition=a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper | examples=he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Type"**

Okay, so the target is "type" as it's used in "folic acid (a type of vitamin)." Let's break this down. My mind immediately jumps to a few possible senses. Firstly, we have the idea of a **subdivision or kind of thing** – like asking "What *type* of sculpture do you prefer?" That one feels strong, a classic kind of definition, and I like that angle. Then there's the sense of a **person of a specified kind**, which, while technically relevant, isn't clicking for me in this context.

We also have the biological sense of **taxonomic group**, which could stretch to fit, but it doesn't quite capture the nuance here. Moving on, the senses of **printed characters**, **all tokens of the same symbol**, and a **small metal block bearing a raised character** are clearly irrelevant to vitamins. They're all about visual representation, not classification.

Therefore, thinking about it, in this context – "a type of vitamin" – it feels like sense number one, the subdivision/kind, is the best fit. I'm essentially saying folic acid is a specific kind *within* the broader category of vitamins. It's that subdivision sense that aligns with the intended meaning. Makes sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: injection
Target surface form: injections
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive <t>injections</t> of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=injection%1:04:00:: | definition=the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure
2. sense_key=injection%1:27:00:: | definition=any solution that is injected (as into the skin) | synonyms=injectant
3. sense_key=injection%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe | synonyms=shot | examples=the nurse gave him a flu shot

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Injections" in a Medical Context**

Okay, the target is "injections" within "receive injections of vitamin B12." My initial instinct is to consider a few different meanings. Candidate 1 is the physical action, the *forceful insertion under pressure*. Candidate 2 is the *solution itself*, the stuff being injected. And Candidate 3 is the *act of injecting*, the procedure.

Given the context, we're talking about a medical setting. "Receive injections of vitamin B12" clearly implies a procedure. My expertise immediately leans towards the act of administering the vitamin with a syringe. While "injections" *could* refer to the solution itself, the phrase *usually* indicates the event or procedure, the actual act of being injected, the 'shots' themselves.

Let's quickly check Candidate 2: "receive injectants of vitamin B12". That phrasing feels less natural, less idiomatic, than "receive shots of vitamin B12." That confirms it. The phrase "receive injections" is equivalent to "receive shots". And the phrase “shots of vitamin B12” unambiguously means the medical procedure of injecting vitamin B12.

So, Candidate 3, the act of putting a liquid into the body, is the most appropriate. The phrase "the nurse gave him a flu shot" translates perfectly to "received injections." That seals the deal.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription. How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during <t>treatment</t> with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing "Treatment" in Context**

Alright, let's break this down. The target word is "treatment," and the context mentions vitamin B12 injections alongside Alimta, which is clearly an anticancer chemotherapy drug. So, we're squarely in the medical realm.

Now, my mind naturally cycles through the different senses of "treatment." There's the general "care" sense – that's the go-to for medical contexts, encompassing procedures meant to relieve illness. Then, there's the more managerial sense, like "handling" something, be it prisoners or waste. That's a definite no-go here. We have "artistic dealing" and "extended communication," too, but those are completely out of place given the medical and pharmaceutical setting.

Given that Alimta is a chemotherapeutic agent, I can confidently identify Sense 1, the "care provided" sense, as the correct interpretation here. It's the only one that makes logical and practical sense within this specific context. The phrase is clearly referring to medical intervention.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is <t>given</t> with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Context of "Given"**

Okay, so the target word is "given," stemming from "give," and it's used in the sentence "When Alimta is given with cisplatin..." Right away, I recognize that Alimta and cisplatin are medications. My immediate interpretation, considering the medical context, is that "given" refers to the act of administering or providing these drugs to a patient. Let's see if that's spot on...

Looking at the candidate senses, sense 19, with the key "give%2:40:13::" and the definition "give (as medicine)" and the example "I gave him the drug," is a *perfect* match. The context lines up flawlessly. It's about providing a medicine, which is precisely what's happening when Alimta is "given" with cisplatin. It's a straightforward clinical application of "give". The sense disambiguation is extremely clean in this instance. We can proceed confidently with this interpretation.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: medicine
Target surface form: medicine
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic <t>medicine</t> (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=medicine%1:09:00:: | definition=the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques | synonyms=medical specialty
2. sense_key=medicine%1:06:00:: | definition=(medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | synonyms=medication, medicament, medicinal drug
3. sense_key=medicine%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries | synonyms=practice of medicine | examples=he studied medicine at Harvard
4. sense_key=medicine%1:04:02:: | definition=punishment for one's actions | synonyms=music | examples=you have to face the music; take your medicine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Nuances of "Medicine"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the specific meaning of "medicine" in this context. The target word is "medicine," and the surrounding text mentions "Alimta" and "cisplatin," both of which immediately scream pharmaceutical application to me. My initial semantic network kicks in, and I quickly brainstorm a few potential senses: is it a field, a profession, the drug itself, or something more abstract like punishment?

The phrase "an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting)" is the clincher. That's a textbook description of a *medicinal drug*. The parenthetical explanation solidifies this interpretation; it's a medication used to combat a specific physiological effect. Sense number 2, the "medicinal drug" sense, is the clear winner here. It's a precise fit within the pharmacology-centric framework of the provided text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to <t>prevent</t> vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Prevent" in Medical Context**

Okay, here's what I'm thinking. The core word is "prevent," and we're looking at it in the phrase "an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting)." Immediately, I start sifting through my mental lexicon of the senses of "prevent." There are a couple that leap out. The first is about *stopping* something from *happening* or *arising*, making it impossible. Synonyms like "forestall," "preclude," and "forbid" come to mind. I can see that fitting here. The second sense is more about *stopping* someone or something *from doing* something or *being* in a certain state. It's often phrased as "prevent X from Y".

Now, let's nail this down. In the context of medicine, "vomiting" is an *event* or action. The medicine is designed to stop that event from occurring. Wait a minute... that description perfectly lines up with the first sense! It's about "keeping something from happening or arising".

Let's test this. We can rephrase it as "keep vomiting from happening" which seems appropriate. The first sense aligns where "prevent something (an event)", while the second suggests a transitive usage like "prevent someone/something from doing something". This reinforces that sense 1 is the better fit, it accurately captures the idea that the medicine is acting to inhibit or stop an event. So, sense 1 is definitely the one that matches.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fluid
Target surface form: fluids
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and <t>fluids</t> (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fluid%1:27:02:: | definition=a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure
2. sense_key=fluid%1:27:00:: | definition=continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Senses of "Fluids" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target is "fluid," surface form "fluids." The context is clearly medical, about preventing dehydration. My initial thought is to distinguish between the two likely senses. I have:
1. fluid%1:27:02:: a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure
2. fluid%1:27:00:: continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas

Given my expertise, "fluids" in this context *has* to be liquids, things like water or saline administered to a patient. My immediate instinct is to lean towards sense 1. The hypernym of sense 1 is substance, sense 2 is matter.

Let's quickly check the definitions. WordNet describes fluid%1:27:00 as "continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow...". But "fluids" given to prevent dehydration are *always* liquids. Now, is there a medical-specific sense? Unlikely, but let me check anyway.

Okay, let's go back to basics. If fluid%1:27:02:: is "a substance that is fluid at room temperature", then it is what it is. And fluid%1:27:00:: the general definition. In a medical setting, the "fluid" in "giving fluids" maps more naturally to the "liquid" meaning. Let's see how they fit in the WordNet hierarchy. liquid is a hyponym of fluid%1:27:00:: ? Wait, the definition is "a substance that is liquid at room temperature and pressure". This overlaps fluid%1:27:02::, which is "a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure".

Thinking about the "giving fluids" phrase, is it sense 1 or sense 2? Administering fluids as substances, not "continuous amorphous matter". So that would map to sense 1 of the original definitions I posited. Let me restate, "fluids" in a medical sense are *specific* substances, not just any flowing matter. It's usually like IV fluids, which means fluid%1:27:02:: is better.

Wait, looking at WordNet, "fluid" has these two noun senses:
1. fluid%1:27:00:: continuous amorphous matter...
2. fluid%1:27:02:: a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure.

Given the plural "fluids", it's *got* to be substances (sense 1 in my original list is key, fluid%1:27:02::)
Therefore, let's take sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to <t>prevent</t> dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Sense of "Prevent"**

Okay, so the target word is "prevent," and the context is "...and fluids (to prevent dehydration)." My expert brain immediately starts breaking this down. First, I need to look at the candidate senses. I see two primary possibilities:

1.  "Keep from happening or arising; make impossible" – this feels right, with synonyms like forestall, preclude, and forbid. I get a good sense of this from the example "My sense of tact forbids an honest answer."
2.  "Stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state" – and the example is, "We must prevent the cancer from spreading." This one also seems pertinent.

Now, let's zoom in on "prevent dehydration." Dehydration is clearly an event or a condition we're aiming to avoid. With this in mind, and reviewing both senses, it becomes clearer, I should try to align what's going on. "Prevent dehydration." Dehydration is an event or condition. It looks like sense 1: keep from happening or arising, makes more sense here.

I'm thinking that "prevent [noun event/condition]" usually fits with Sense 1. For example, "prevent a disaster," or "prevent dehydration." Sense 2, on the other hand, is generally "prevent [someone] from [doing something]", like "prevent the cancer from spreading."

So, let's double-check. Sense 1 is "keep from happening or arising." Dehydration is what's being kept from happening. Yep, that works. Therefore, my conclusion is that Sense 1 is the most appropriate and accurately describes the intended meaning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dehydration
Target surface form: dehydration
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent <t>dehydration</t>) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:00:: | definition=dryness resulting from the removal of water | synonyms=desiccation
2. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:01:: | definition=depletion of bodily fluids
3. sense_key=dehydration%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting moisture | synonyms=desiccation, drying up, evaporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Dehydration: A Medical Perspective**

Okay, so the word is "dehydration," and we're dealing with a medical context, specifically treating a patient with an anti-emetic medicine and fluids. Right away, I'm thinking about the different senses of the word. There's the literal dryness, desiccation, the process of extracting moisture, but in *this* setting, it's undeniably about the *depletion of bodily fluids*. The reference to fluids makes that crystal clear. Sense number two, then, is the perfect fit. We're talking about a patient's fluid balance, and how to prevent its disruption. It's not about drying something out, it's about maintaining hydration. Simple.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be <t>given</t> before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Given" in a Medical Context**

Okay, the task is to pinpoint the exact sense of "given" in this sentence about Alimta chemotherapy. My expertise immediately tells me we're dealing with the administration of medication. The sentence is: "... should also be *given* before or after the cisplatin dose." So, the word refers to administering Alimta, right?

Let's quickly check the candidate senses. "Given" here definitely means the same as "administer". Sense 19 immediately jumps out: `sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug`. Perfect! It's precisely what we're looking for – giving something as medicine.

Just to be thorough, I'll briefly consider the other possibilities. "Cause to have," "transfer possession," and "hand" don't fit here at all. Sense 19, "give (as medicine)," is the only logical interpretation. I'll quickly re-confirm the sense index for 19, which again confirms "give (as medicine)", example "I gave him the drug".

Therefore, the target surface form "given" in the context of "... should also be *given* before or after the cisplatin dose" unequivocally corresponds to sense 19.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given <t>before</t> or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Word "Before" in Context**

Okay, the target word is "before," and the context is about administering anti-emetic medicine *before or after* a cisplatin dose. Hmm, let's see, my initial candidates are "earlier in time; previously" and "at or in the front." The context clearly suggests a temporal relationship between the medicine and the cisplatin dose, right? It's about when the medicine is given relative to the cisplatin – *before* the cisplatin, or *after* it. So, we're definitely dealing with time, not spatial positioning. Therefore, "earlier in time; previously" is the better fit, it's the right sense.

Hold on, let me think this through. "Before or after"... that structure is acting as a preposition here. Now, I remember WordNet can be a little tricky. Sometimes it categorizes prepositions under adverbs, or simply offers adverbial senses as well. But this dataset is designed to map to the best WordNet sense, which, in this case, will be temporal. So, Sense 1, "earlier in time," is the obvious choice. Sense 2, "at or in the front," is clearly incorrect. The temporal sense is the absolute correct match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: after
Target surface form: after
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or <t>after</t> the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=after%4:02:01:: | definition=happening at a time subsequent to a reference time | synonyms=subsequently, later, afterwards, afterward, later on | examples=he apologized subsequently; he's going to the store but he'll be back here later
2. sense_key=after%4:02:00:: | definition=behind or in the rear | examples=and Jill came tumbling after

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Temporal Meaning of "After"**

Okay, so the task is to pinpoint the specific meaning of "after" in this clinical context: "before or after the cisplatin dose." The sentence is clearly about the timing of administering anti-emetic medicine and fluids relative to this cisplatin dose – a very precise temporal relationship. My initial thought goes to the most common interpretation: something happening *later* than a reference point, in this case, the cisplatin dose.

I considered two initial candidates: "happening at a time subsequent to a reference time" and "behind or in the rear" – a spatial interpretation. Clearly, the latter is a red herring. This is about sequence, not location. My initial read of "after" led me towards the adverbial meaning of the word - happening later.

Since I'm working with WordNet, I should remember that it often conflates adverbs and prepositions, sometimes lumping them into an adverb POS. So "after the cisplatin dose" – that "after" describes a temporal location. That means the "happening at a time subsequent" sense is the correct one.

Okay, let me confirm my instincts. WordNet should have a specific temporal sense. Let's make sure I'm using the correct sense. Ah, yes, "after%4:02:01::" is the temporal one. Just double-checking the senses confirms my selection: 1. temporal, like "subsequently" or "later" and 2. spatial ("behind"). Temporal it is. Sense 1 it is. Case closed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: dose
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin <t>dose</t>. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Dose" in a Clinical Context**

Okay, the target here is the word "dose," and the phrase is "before or after the cisplatin dose." Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug, so that immediately narrows things down. My initial thought process jumps to a couple of candidate senses. First, the usual definition, like a measured portion of medicine taken at a single time—that's the "dosage" sense. Second, we could be talking about the overall quantity of an active agent, substance, or even radiation, that is absorbed at one time.

Sense one, the 'measured portion,' feels like a strong fit here because we're explicitly dealing with a medicine, Cisplatin. Let's re-read that context sentence to be absolutely certain: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine... and fluids... should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose." Okay, yeah, that locks it in: Cisplatin is explicitly referred to as a chemotherapy medication. Now, with the medical context as the foundation, I can confidently select sense one: a measured portion of medicine taken at one time. In this case, it's the specific amount of cisplatin administered to the patient.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: Treatment
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. <t>Treatment</t> should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Target Word "Treatment" in Medical Context**

Okay, the target word is "Treatment," and the context mentions delaying, discontinuing, or reducing the dose of something – specifically, "Alimta" based on certain blood count abnormalities or side effects in patients. That makes it pretty clear we're dealing with a medical situation, which immediately suggests a specific sense of "treatment".

Let's look at the candidate senses. Sense 1, "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)," jumps out as the best fit. It specifically refers to medical procedures and care, which aligns perfectly with this context. The mention of "intervention" as a synonym further solidifies this interpretation.

Sense 2, "the management of someone or something," is too broad and doesn't capture the medical aspect. Sense 3, "a manner of dealing with something artistically," and Sense 4, "an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic," are completely irrelevant here.

Therefore, given the medical nature of the context – blood counts, side effects, drug dosage – sense 1, the medical definition of "treatment," is the only logical choice. We're talking about medical care intended to help.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: delay
Target surface form: delayed
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be <t>delayed</t> or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=delay%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to be slowed down or delayed | synonyms=detain, hold up | examples=Traffic was delayed by the bad weather; she delayed the work that she didn't want to perform
2. sense_key=delay%2:42:00:: | definition=act later than planned, scheduled, or required | examples=Don't delay your application to graduate school or else it won't be considered
3. sense_key=delay%2:30:01:: | definition=stop or halt | synonyms=stay, detain | examples=Please stay the bloodshed!
4. sense_key=delay%2:30:05:: | definition=slow the growth or development of | synonyms=check, retard | examples=The brain damage will retard the child's language development

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
**Deconstructing the Meaning of "Delayed"**

Okay, so I'm looking at "delayed" in this clinical context: "Treatment should be delayed..." The key seems to be figuring out the intended meaning of "delayed". I have four candidate senses: essentially, slowing down, acting later than planned, stopping or halting, and slowing growth.

My immediate instinct is that we are talking about postponing the treatment. That makes me zero in on sense 2, "act later than planned, scheduled, or required." The example "Don't delay your application" is helpful here. It implies a deliberate postponement of an action. And, importantly, "delay" is used transitively. The sentence "Treatment should be delayed" fits because the treatment itself is the thing being postponed (by someone).

Let's quickly check the other senses, though. Sense 1, "cause to be slowed down or delayed," implies something is *making* the treatment take longer. Like "Traffic was delayed." That doesn't quite fit the nuance here. Sense 3, "stop or halt", is too strong. We're not necessarily *stopping* the treatment, just putting it off. Sense 4, "slow the growth or development of," also seems irrelevant.

Let me double check WordNet on the verb "delay" itself. I am noting here that 'delay' includes "postpone, prorogue, hold over, put over, table, shelve, set back, defer, remit, put off." So, the idea of "postponing" is inherent to the verb. I didn't see the word "postpone" in our original list.

Back to sense 2: "act later than planned, scheduled, or required". I see the passive construction here: "Treatment should be delayed [by the doctor]." The doctor is the one acting later in giving the treatment. So, it fits!

I'm starting to home in on sense 2. "Delaying an application" means doing it later. "Delaying treatment" means giving it later. That's a direct parallel. Let's look again at sense 1: "cause to be slowed down or delayed." "Delay the work" could mean to slow it down, not necessarily postpone it. But here, with the addition of "or discontinued", it is referring to postponement.

So it has to be sense 2. Wait, let's revisit that lexicographer file for delay%2:42:00::. Ah, it is 42 (verb.stative). Sense 2: "act later than planned, scheduled, or required". The doctor delays the treatment.

Yup, sense 2 is the most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discontinue
Target surface form: discontinued
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or <t>discontinued</t>, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
2. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:01:: | definition=come to or be at an end | examples=the support from our sponsoring agency will discontinue after March 31
3. sense_key=discontinue%2:30:00:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, stop | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Dissecting the Meaning of "Discontinued" in a Medical Context**

Okay, so the target word is "discontinued" in the context of "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced..." My immediate thought is to zero in on the nuances. Does "discontinued" mean to *prevent completion* (like stopping a project) or *put an end to an activity*? The word's meaning is clearly in the context of treatment. I'm thinking about "discontinuing treatment."

I’m looking at the synonyms, considering options like “stop,” “cease,” “give up,” “quit,” and “break off.” The crucial question is whether "discontinued" refers to halting an ongoing activity or preventing a planned process from reaching its end. If we are talking about stopping a subscription, or discontinuing medication it seems to me, that it leans towards stopping a treatment.

I'm consulting WordNet, and it gives three senses: 1. *put an end to a state or an activity*, 2. *come to or be at an end* (intransitive – not relevant here), and 3. *prevent completion*. The first sense seems the strongest: a medication or treatment is an ongoing activity.

I'm pondering the difference between those two options (1. and 3.). So, if I "stop the project", it is to prevent completion (sense 3). But if I "stop treatment," it's more like putting an end to an activity (sense 1). Wait, "discontinue" has specific meaning. Discontinue, in the case of "discontinue treatment", aligns with sense 1.

I'm thinking about phrases like "discontinue a medication" – that's a key example. It fits the idea of stopping an action. And I'm seeing that sense 1 includes "stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off". Sense 3 includes "break, break off, stop", which is more about preventing completion.

The phrase "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued" is a passive form. If you "discontinue treatment", you *stop* doing it. So, is it "prevent completion" or "put an end to an activity"? Now that I think about it, it aligns with a phrase like “cease treatment” or “stop treatment.” So, I'll go with sense 1. It is clearly stopping an activity. But I would like to look again, "discontinue a medication" is a very common phrase.

Okay, let's revisit WordNet. It has three senses. I think the key here is that "discontinuing treatment" is about stopping a process that is an activity. Although it could fit sense 3 also, it is also putting an end to an activity. So, I will go with sense 1: *put an end to a state or an activity*. Yes, that's what's going on.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: dose
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the <t>dose</t> reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
**Analyzing the Meaning of "Dose" in Context**

Okay, the target is "dose," and the surface form is just "dose," which seems straightforward enough. Let's dig in. The context here is "...or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal...". Immediately, I'm thinking this is referring to the amount of Alimta, a medicine, given to a patient.

Now for the senses. I've got two candidates: "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time," and "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time." Hmm, the first one, the *medicine* definition, is looking promising. Alimta is definitely medicine.

Let me just quickly check the context again. Yep, "...the dose reduced..." strongly suggests the prescribed dose of an anticancer chemotherapy medicine. That nails it. The "measured portion of medicine" definition perfectly captures the intended meaning here. The second sense is broader, true, but it can encompass other agents besides medicine. Sense 1 is the most specific and precise here. It's the best fit.