[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: below
Target surface form: below
Context:
In a well-known detective-story involving church bells, English novelist Dorothy L. Sayers described ringing as a "passion that finds its satisfaction in mathematical completeness and mechanical perfection. "Ringers, she added, are "filled with the solemn intoxication that comes of intricate ritual faultlessly performed. ""Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others <t>below</t>. This does not sit well with some clerics.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=below%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is lower | synonyms=at a lower place, to a lower place, beneath
2. sense_key=below%4:02:00:: | definition=at a later place | examples=see below
3. sense_key=below%4:02:02:: | definition=(in writing) see below | synonyms=infra | examples=vide infra
4. sense_key=below%4:02:06:: | definition=on a floor below | synonyms=downstairs, down the stairs, on a lower floor | examples=the tenants live downstairs
5. sense_key=below%4:02:03:: | definition=further down | synonyms=under | examples=see under for further discussion

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "below" in the given context. The context is about bell ringers who often leave the church after ringing to go to the pub, "leaving worship for others below." The phrase is "leaving worship for others below." Here, "below" likely refers to the people downstairs or in the lower part of the building. The belfry is up in the tower, and the worship takes place in the main church below. So "others below" means other people who are downstairs in the church for worship. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=below%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is lower | synonyms=at a lower place, to a lower place, beneath
2. sense_key=below%4:02:00:: | definition=at a later place | examples=see below
3. sense_key=below%4:02:02:: | definition=(in writing) see below | synonyms=infra | examples=vide infra
4. sense_key=below%4:02:06:: | definition=on a floor below | synonyms=downstairs, down the stairs, on a lower floor | examples=the tenants live downstairs
5. sense_key=below%4:02:03:: | definition=further down | synonyms=under | examples=see under for further discussion

Sense 4 is specifically "on a floor below" with synonyms "downstairs, down the stairs, on a lower floor." This seems very fitting: the ringers are in the tower (belfry), and they leave worship for others on a lower floor (the main church). Sense 1 is more general "in or to a place that is lower," but sense 4 is more specific and matches the context of a building with floors. The ringers often think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry, so the worship space is below them. Therefore, "others below" means the worshippers downstairs. Sense 4 is the best match.

Check sense 5: "further down" with example "see under for further discussion" is used in textual references. Not applicable. Sense 2 and 3 are about writing. So sense 4 is correct.

Thus, the answer is sense_index 4.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: well
Target surface form: well
Context:
Ringers, she added, are "filled with the solemn intoxication that comes of intricate ritual faultlessly performed. ""Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit <t>well</t> with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=well%4:02:00:: | definition=(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well') | synonyms=good | examples=the children behaved well; a task well done
2. sense_key=well%4:02:05:: | definition=thoroughly or completely; fully; often used as a combining form; ; ; ; ; , | examples=The problem is well understood; she was well informed
3. sense_key=well%4:02:03:: | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=easily | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster
4. sense_key=well%4:02:15:: | definition=(used for emphasis or as an intensifier) entirely or fully | examples=a book well worth reading; was well aware of the difficulties ahead
5. sense_key=well%4:02:08:: | definition=to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree | examples=the project was well underway; the fetus has well developed organs
6. sense_key=well%4:02:07:: | definition=favorably; with approval | examples=their neighbors spoke well of them; he thought well of the book
7. sense_key=well%4:02:11:: | definition=to a great extent or degree | synonyms=considerably, substantially | examples=I'm afraid the film was well over budget; painting the room white made it seem considerably (or substantially) larger
8. sense_key=well%4:02:14:: | definition=with great or especially intimate knowledge | synonyms=intimately | examples=we knew them well
9. sense_key=well%4:02:13:: | definition=with prudence or propriety | examples=You would do well to say nothing more; could not well refuse
10. sense_key=well%4:02:12:: | definition=with skill or in a pleasing manner | examples=she dances well; he writes well
11. sense_key=well%4:02:10:: | definition=in a manner affording benefit or advantage | synonyms=advantageously | examples=she married well; The children were settled advantageously in Seattle
12. sense_key=well%4:02:09:: | definition=in financial comfort | synonyms=comfortably | examples=They live well; she has been able to live comfortably since her husband died
13. sense_key=well%4:02:01:: | definition=without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor | examples=took the joke well; took the tragic news well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are asked to find the best sense for "well" in the sentence: "This does not sit well with some clerics." The context is about ringers (bell ringers) who often skip church services to go to the pub, and this doesn't sit well with some clerics. We need to disambiguate "well" in the phrase "sit well".

The phrase "does not sit well" is an idiom meaning something is not acceptable or not agreeable, causing disapproval or discomfort. It implies that something is not favorably received. In the list of senses, we need to find one that matches this meaning.

Let's examine each sense:

1. (often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard. Examples: "the children behaved well; a task well done". This sense is about doing something in a good manner. Could fit "sit well" meaning "sit in a good manner"? But "sit well" is idiomatic; it means "be agreeable to". Not exactly.

2. thoroughly or completely; fully. Examples: "The problem is well understood; she was well informed". Not applicable.

3. indicating high probability; in all likelihood. Examples: "I might well do it". Not applicable.

4. entirely or fully (intensifier). Examples: "well worth reading; well aware". Not applicable.

5. to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree. Examples: "well underway; well developed organs". Not applicable.

6. favorably; with approval. Examples: "their neighbors spoke well of them; he thought well of the book". This seems promising: "does not sit well" could mean "does not meet with approval" or "is not thought of favorably". To "sit well" with someone means to be agreeable or satisfactory to them. Sense 6 is about favorability or approval. The example "he thought well of the book" shows that "well" indicates a positive opinion. "Does not sit well" means it is not viewed favorably. So this aligns.

7. to a great extent or degree. Examples: "well over budget". Not applicable.

8. with great or especially intimate knowledge. Examples: "we knew them well". Not applicable.

9. with prudence or propriety. Examples: "You would do well to say nothing more; could not well refuse". "Well" here means appropriately or properly. "Sit well" might be related to propriety? Possibly, but sense 9 is more about doing something prudent. "Could not well refuse" means could not properly refuse. "Sit well" might imply something is not proper or appropriate. But the idiomatic meaning is more about being agreeable or satisfactory.

10. with skill or in a pleasing manner. Examples: "she dances well". Not applicable.

11. in a manner affording benefit or advantage. Examples: "she married well". Not applicable.

12. in financial comfort. Not applicable.

13. without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor. Examples: "took the joke well". Here, "well" means without being upset. "Does not sit well" could be the opposite: it causes distress or resentment. But the phrase "sit well" typically means to be accepted without difficulty. So if something doesn't sit well, it causes distress. Sense 13 is about taking something well (i.e., not being upset). So the idiom could be related: "does not sit well" means it is not received with good humor; it causes resentment. However, "sit well" is passive, not about taking something, but about something being acceptable. Often, "does not sit well" implies it causes discomfort or displeasure. So sense 13 might be relevant: "took the joke well" means received it without distress; the opposite is "did not take the joke well". The phrase "does not sit well" is similar: it refers to something that is not accepted without distress. But the definition of sense 13 is "without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor". So if something "does not sit well", it might mean it is not taken with good humor, causing distress. I'd need to see if any example matches. The phrase "sit well" is an idiom. I think the best match is sense 6: favorably; with approval. Many dictionaries define "sit well with" as "to be agreeable to". For example, Merriam-Webster: "to be agreeable to". So "well" means favorably. Sense 6 explicitly says "favorably; with approval" and examples "spoke well of them" (spoke favorably) and "thought well of the book" (thought favorably). That aligns perfectly: the situation does not sit favorably with clerics.

Let's check sense 9: "with prudence or propriety". Example: "could not well refuse" means could not properly refuse. Could "sit well" mean "in a proper manner"? Possibly, but the more common interpretation is about approval, not propriety.

Sense 13: "without unusual distress or resentment" - if something doesn't sit well, it causes distress. But the definition focuses on how one takes something. The sentence is about the situation not sitting well with clerics, meaning they are not pleased. Both 6 and 13 could be argued, but 6 is more direct: "favorably; with approval". I'd lean towards 6.

I'll check WordNet for "sit well" perhaps. Actually, in WordNet, "sit well" might be listed under some sense. I recall that "well" in "sit well" is often considered an adverb meaning favorably. Sense 6 fits.

Thus, I choose sense_index: 6.

JSON: {"sense_index":

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: membership
Target surface form: membership
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With <t>membership</t> of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=membership%1:14:00:: | definition=the body of members of an organization or group | synonyms=rank | examples=they polled their membership; they found dissension in their own ranks
2. sense_key=membership%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being a member

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "membership" in the given context. We have two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=membership%1:14:00:: | definition=the body of members of an organization or group | synonyms=rank | examples=they polled their membership; they found dissension in their own ranks
2. sense_key=membership%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being a member

Context: "With <t>membership</t> of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

We need to determine whether "membership" here refers to the body of members (sense 1) or the state of being a member (sense 2).

The phrase "membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling" means that the number of people who are members is decreasing. "Dwindling" suggests a reduction in number or quantity. This is about the collective group of members, not the state of being a member. The state of being a member cannot "dwindle" (you can't have less of a state; you have fewer members). So it is the body of members that is dwindling.

The examples for sense 1 include "they polled their membership" and "they found dissension in their own ranks" — both referring to the group of members. Sense 2 is the abstract state, but here the quantitative "dwindling" fits the body of members.

Thus, the best indexed sense is sense 1.

We need to return a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: steadily
Target surface form: steadily
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England <t>steadily</t> dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=steadily%4:02:01:: | definition=at a steady rate or pace | examples=his interest eroded steadily
2. sense_key=steadily%4:02:00:: | definition=in a steady manner | synonyms=steady | examples=he could still walk steadily

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, ..." The target word is "steadily". We have two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=steadily%4:02:01:: | definition=at a steady rate or pace | examples=his interest eroded steadily
2. sense_key=steadily%4:02:00:: | definition=in a steady manner | synonyms=steady | examples=he could still walk steadily

We need to choose the best fit for the context "membership ... steadily dwindling". "Dwindling" means gradually decreasing. The phrase "steadily dwindling" suggests a consistent, continuous decline over time, which aligns with "at a steady rate or pace". Sense 1 specifically mentions "rate or pace", which fits a gradual process like dwindling membership numbers. Sense 2, "in a steady manner", can refer to physical steadiness (like walking steadily) or a consistent manner, but the example "he could still walk steadily" suggests physical stability, not a rate of change. However, "in a steady manner" could also apply to processes, but sense 1 is more precise for a changing quantity. Since "dwindling" is about a rate of change, sense 1 is better. So I'll choose sense_index=1.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vicar
Target surface form: vicars
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed <t>vicars</t> are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vicar%1:18:00:: | definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. sense_key=vicar%1:18:02:: | definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. sense_key=vicar%1:18:01:: | definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Target lemma: vicar", "Target surface form: vicars" in the given context. We need to disambiguate to the best indexed sense among three options.

The context: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up ..." Clearly, this is about the Church of England. The vicar is a clergyman in the Church of England.

Candidate senses:
1. a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. (Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. (Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Sense 3 specifically says "(Church of England)" and matches the context. The example mentions "vicar of Great Torrington, Devon" which is a parish in England. So sense 3 is correct.

Thus, the single best indexed sense is sense 3. Return JSON: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: press
Target surface form: pressing
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are <t>pressing</t> equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=press%2:35:00:: | definition=exert pressure or force to or upon | examples=He pressed down on the boards; press your thumb on this spot
2. sense_key=press%2:32:00:: | definition=force or impel in an indicated direction | synonyms=urge, urge on, exhort | examples=I urged him to finish his studies
3. sense_key=press%2:42:01:: | definition=to be oppressive or burdensome; , | synonyms=weigh | examples=weigh heavily on the mind; Something pressed on his mind
4. sense_key=press%2:35:01:: | definition=place between two surfaces and apply weight or pressure | examples=pressed flowers
5. sense_key=press%2:35:02:: | definition=squeeze or press together | synonyms=compress, constrict, squeeze, compact, contract | examples=she compressed her lips; the spasm contracted the muscle
6. sense_key=press%2:38:00:: | definition=crowd closely | examples=The crowds pressed along the street
7. sense_key=press%2:36:01:: | definition=create by pressing | examples=Press little holes into the soft clay
8. sense_key=press%2:42:00:: | definition=be urgent | examples=This is a pressing problem
9. sense_key=press%2:41:12:: | definition=exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for | synonyms=crusade, fight, campaign, push, agitate | examples=The liberal party pushed for reforms; She is crusading for women's rights
10. sense_key=press%2:36:00:: | definition=press from a plastic | synonyms=press out | examples=press a record
11. sense_key=press%2:35:06:: | definition=make strenuous pushing movements during birth to expel the baby | synonyms=push | examples=`Now push hard,' said the doctor to the woman
12. sense_key=press%2:35:03:: | definition=press and smooth with a heated iron | synonyms=iron, iron out | examples=press your shirts; she stood there ironing
13. sense_key=press%2:33:00:: | definition=lift weights | synonyms=weight-lift | examples=This guy can press 300 pounds
14. sense_key=press%2:32:01:: | definition=ask for or request earnestly | synonyms=bid, beseech, entreat, adjure, conjure | examples=The prophet bid all people to become good persons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "press" and surface form "pressing" in a context. The context is about vicars pressing ringers to attend services. Let's read the context carefully:

"Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, 'admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are <t>pressing</t> equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest."

The target is "pressing" in: "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services." Here, "pressing" is used in the sense of urging or putting pressure on someone to do something. It's not physical pressure, but rather social/psychological pressure to compel them to attend services.

Now, look at the candidate senses:

1. press%2:35:00:: definition=exert pressure or force to or upon. Examples: He pressed down on the boards; press your thumb on this spot. This is physical pressure.

2. press%2:32:00:: definition=force or impel in an indicated direction, synonyms=urge, urge on, exhort, examples=I urged him to finish his studies. This is exactly about urging someone to do something, often verbally or through insistence.

3. press%2:42:01:: to be oppressive or burdensome, synonyms=weigh, examples=weigh heavily on the mind. This is about something weighing on one's mind.

4. press%2:35:01:: place between two surfaces and apply weight or pressure, e.g., pressed flowers.

5. press%2:35:02:: squeeze or press together, synonyms=compress, constrict, squeeze, compact, contract, e.g., she compressed her lips.

6. press%2:38:00:: crowd closely, e.g., The crowds pressed along the street.

7. press%2:36:01:: create by pressing, e.g., Press little holes into the soft clay.

8. press%2:42:00:: be urgent, e.g., This is a pressing problem. This is an adjective sense, "pressing" meaning urgent. But in the context, "are pressing" is a verb, not an adjective. It's "vicars are pressing ringers to attend", so it's a verb construction.

9. press%2:41:12:: exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for, synonyms=crusade, fight, campaign, push, agitate. Examples: The liberal party pushed for reforms; She is crusading for women's rights. This could fit if the vicars are campaigning, but it's more about urging the ringers directly.

10. press%2:36:00:: press from a plastic, e.g., press a record.

11. press%2:35:06:: make strenuous pushing movements during birth to expel the baby, euphemism.

12. press%2:35:03:: press and smooth with a heated iron, ironing.

13. press%2:33:00:: lift weights.

14. press%2:32:01:: ask for or request earnestly, synonyms=bid, beseech, entreat, adjure, conjure. Example: The prophet bid all people to become good persons. This is also about urging or entreating.

Now, the structure "pressing someone to do something" is typical of sense 2: "force or impel in an indicated direction", with synonyms urge, urge on, exhort. Sense 14 is "ask for or request earnestly" which also works, but sense 2 is more directly about urging someone to do something. Checking examples: sense 2: "I urged him to finish his studies." Sense 14: "The prophet bid all people to become good persons." Both can be used, but "pressing" often takes the pattern "press someone to do something" or "press someone into doing something". The WordNet synsets: sense 2 is verb.communication? Let's check the sense keys: sense 2 is press%2:32:00::, meaning it's a communication verb (32). Sense 14 is press%2:32:01::, also communication. The examples for sense 2 include "I urged him to finish his studies." which exactly matches "pressing ringers to attend services." So I'd lean towards sense 2.

Also, note that sense 9 is about crusading or pushing for a cause, but it's intransitive? "exert oneself continuously... to gain an end" often used with "for", e.g., "pressing for reforms". The vicars are pressing the ringers to attend, not pressing for something. So sense 9 is less likely.

Thus, the best sense is 2. Return JSON with "sense_index": 2.

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equally
Target surface form: equally
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing <t>equally</t> strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equally%4:02:01:: | definition=to the same degree (often followed by `as') | synonyms=as, every bit | examples=they were equally beautiful; birds were singing and the child sang as sweetly
2. sense_key=equally%4:02:02:: | definition=in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way | synonyms=evenly | examples=a class evenly divided between girls and boys; they split their winnings equally

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "equally" in the given context. The target is "equally" in the phrase "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services."

Let's look at the two senses:

Sense 1: "to the same degree (often followed by `as')" with synonyms "as, every bit" and examples: "they were equally beautiful; birds were singing and the child sang as sweetly". This sense implies comparison of degree: two things are equally something. In the example, "equally beautiful" means to the same degree of beauty. It often uses "as" to complete the comparison, like "as ... as", but here it says "often followed by 'as'". The usage can be like "equally strong-willed" meaning the vicars and the ringers are equally strong-willed (same degree of strong-willedness).

Sense 2: "in equal amounts or shares; in a balanced or impartial way" with synonym "evenly" and examples: "a class evenly divided between girls and boys; they split their winnings equally". This sense is about distributing something equally, or being balanced/impartial. It doesn't fit the context because "pressing equally strong-willed" does not refer to sharing or dividing something equally. It's not about vicars pressing ringers in equal amounts; it's about the intensity or the characteristic of being strong-willed.

In the phrase "pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers", "equally" modifies the adjective "strong-willed", indicating that the ringers are just as strong-willed as the vicars. The vicars are strong-willed, and the ringers are equally strong-willed. That is a comparison of degree, so Sense 1 is correct.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index":


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: often
Target surface form: often
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and <t>often</t> non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=often%4:02:00:: | definition=many times at short intervals | synonyms=frequently, oftentimes, oft, ofttimes | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. sense_key=often%4:02:01:: | definition=frequently or in great quantities | synonyms=much, a great deal | examples=I don't drink much; I don't travel much
3. sense_key=often%4:02:02:: | definition=in many cases or instances

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "often" in the given context. The target lemma is "often", surface form "often". The context is a paragraph about bell ringers and their relationship with church. The specific sentence is: "With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and <t>often</t> non-religious ringers to attend services." So the target "often" appears in the phrase "strong-willed and often non-religious ringers". Here, "often" modifies "non-religious", describing the ringers as frequently or in many cases non-religious.

We have three candidate senses from WordNet:
1. sense_key=often%4:02:00:: definition: many times at short intervals; synonyms: frequently, oftentimes, oft, ofttimes; example: "we often met over a cup of coffee". This sense is about frequency of occurrence over time, with a connotation of regular, repeated instances.
2. sense_key=often%4:02:01:: definition: frequently or in great quantities; synonyms: much, a great deal; example: "I don't drink much; I don't travel much". This sense implies a large amount or degree, often used with verbs like "drink", "travel". It's about quantity/frequency combined, but more about extent.
3. sense_key=often%4:02:02:: definition: in many cases or instances. This sense indicates that something is true in many situations or for many examples, not necessarily with a temporal frequency connotation. It's more about prevalence across cases.

In the context, "often non-religious ringers" means that the ringers are frequently, or in many instances, non-religious. It doesn't mean they are non-religious many times at short intervals (that would be odd), nor does it mean in great quantities (which is for things like drinking or traveling). It means that it is a common characteristic; in many cases, the ringers are non-religious. Sense 3 fits perfectly: "in many cases or instances". It's typical of English to use "often" to describe a trait that is common, e.g., "people are often wrong", meaning in many instances people are wrong. Sense 1 is more about events happening repeatedly over time, like "we often meet". But here it's not about an event happening with temporal frequency; it's about a characteristic (being non-religious) that applies to many of the ringers. So sense 3 is the best.

Let's check the examples: Sense 3 doesn't provide an explicit example, but the definition "in many cases or instances" is clear. Indeed, in the sentence, "often" modifies an adjective "non-religious", which is a typical use for sense 3.

Thus, the answer is sense_index 3.

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious <t>ringers</t> to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "ringer" with the surface form "ringers" in the given context. The context describes bell ringers in a church setting: "Ringing does become a bit of an obsession... master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers... ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry... ringers often skip off to the local pub... strong-willed vicars are pressing ... ringers to attend services... vicar ... sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line..."

Clearly, the context is about bell ringers. The candidate senses are:
1. a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) — synonyms: toller, bell ringer.
2. a person who is almost identical to another — dead ringer, clone.
3. a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses.
4. (horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg.

The context clearly matches sense 1: bell ringers. Thus, the best indexed sense is 1.

We must output a JSON object: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attend
Target surface form: attend
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to <t>attend</t> services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "attend" and target surface form "attend" in a context. We need to choose the best indexed sense among five candidate senses.

Context: The passage is about bell ringers in a church. It says that ringers often skip off to the local pub after ringing, leaving worship for others. Some vicars are pressing ringers to <t>attend</t> services. Then an example: a vicar sacked the band because ringers didn't attend service.

The target word is "attend" in the phrase "attend services". Clearly, it means being present at church services.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Clearly, sense 1 is the best: "be present at (meetings, church services, university)" with the example including "I rarely attend services at my church". The context explicitly mentions "attend services" and the ringers not attending service.

Sense 3 might be tempting because of "accompany as a circumstance", but here it's not about a result accompanying something; it's about being present. Sense 5 "give heed" could be interpreted as paying attention, but the context of church services is about presence, not attention. The phrase "attend service" is a common collocation meaning to go to church.

So, sense_index is 1.

Return JSON with {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: services
Context:
Ringing does become a bit of an obsession, "admits Stephanie Pattenden, master of the band at St. Mary Abbot and one of England's best female ringers. It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend <t>services</t>. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target word "service" in the context of a church. The sentence says: "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services." The context is about church bell ringers, vicars, and attending worship. The word "services" refers to religious worship gatherings. Among the candidate senses, sense 3 is: "the act of public worship following prescribed rules" with synonyms "religious service, divine service" and example "the Sunday service". That fits perfectly. The other senses are about work, assistance, military, etc., not relevant. So index 3 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two <t>years</t> ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "years" in the given context. The target is "years" which is the plural of "year". The candidate senses are provided with definitions, synonyms, and examples. We need to choose the best indexed sense.

Context: "Two <t>years</t> ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone ... sacked the entire band..." Here, "Two years ago" refers to a point in time in the past, specifically two calendar years before the time of speaking or writing. This is a temporal expression indicating a period of time of 365 (or 366) days. Sense 1 fits perfectly: "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days" with examples "she is 4 years old; in the year 1920". The phrase "two years ago" uses "years" as a measure of time in years. Sense 2 is about a special period like a school year, not applicable. Sense 3 is about a planet's revolution period, not applicable. Sense 4 is about a graduating class, not applicable.

Thus, sense 1 is correct. Return {"sense_index":


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vicar
Target surface form: vicar
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, <t>vicar</t> of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vicar%1:18:00:: | definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. sense_key=vicar%1:18:02:: | definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. sense_key=vicar%1:18:01:: | definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "vicar" in the context of a passage discussing Church of England, ringers, and a vicar named "Vicar Hummerstone". The context clearly refers to a Church of England clergyman. Among the candidate senses:
1. Roman Catholic priest - not applicable because context is Church of England.
2. (Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel - possibly but the context mentions a parish (the vicar of Great Torrington, a town), not a chapel.
3. (Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish - this matches perfectly. The passage mentions "Church of England", "vicar of Great Torrington", and "parish" implicitly. So sense 3 is correct.

Output JSON: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: got
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, <t>got</t> so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "got" in the context: "Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; ..."

We need to find which WordNet sense matches "got" here. The phrase is "got so fed up". "Fed up" means annoyed, frustrated, etc. The structure is "got + adjective" meaning "became". So "got so fed up" = became so fed up. This is a change of state. Looking at the senses:

1. possession: come into possession -> doesn't fit.
2. enter or assume a certain state or condition (become, go): examples: "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious" -> This fits perfectly: "got so fed up" = became so fed up.
3. cause to move; cause to be in a condition (let, have) -> not applicable.
4. receive a specified treatment (receive, find, obtain, incur) -> not.
5. reach a destination -> no.
6. go or come after and bring -> no.
7. go through (mental or physical states or experiences) -> "get an idea; experience vertigo" -> might seem close, but "got fed up" is more about becoming, not experiencing an idea. It is a state.
8. take vengeance -> no.
9. achieve a point -> no.
10. cause to do -> no.
11. catch -> no.
12. come to have or undergo a change of physical features -> no.
13. be stricken by illness -> no.
14. communicate -> no.
15. give certain properties to something (make) -> "get someone mad" -> that's causative, like "get someone mad" = make them mad. Here "got fed up" is intransitive, not causing someone else. So 15 is transitive. Not this one.
16. move into a desired direction -> no.
17. grasp with the mind -> no.
18. attract and fix -> no.
19. reach with a blow -> no.
20. reach by calculation -> no.
21. acquire as result of effort -> no.
22. purchase -> no.
23. perceive by hearing -> no.
24. suffer from the receipt -> no.
25. receive as retribution -> no.
26. leave immediately -> no.
27. reach and board -> no.
28. irritate -> "get to me" -> no.
29. evoke emotional response -> "gets me every time" -> but "got fed up" is not evoking a response in someone else; it's becoming fed up oneself. Not exactly.
30. apprehend and reproduce -> no.
31. baseball -> no.
32. overcome or destroy -> no.
33. be a mystery -> no.
34. take the first step -> no.
35. undergo injuries -> no.
36. make children -> no.

Sense 2 is "become, go" and the example "He became annoyed" matches "got fed up" (became annoyed). This is the standard sense of get as a copula for change of state.

Thus, sense_index: 2.

Return JSON.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got <t>so</t> fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "so" in the sentence: "got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band". Let's examine the context. The vicar got so fed up that he sacked the entire band. The word "so" here modifies "fed up" and indicates a high degree: to a very great extent. It is similar to "very" or "extremely". The sense that matches is sense 1: "to a very great extent or degree", with examples like "the idea is so obvious; never been so happy". This fits perfectly. Other senses like "in a manner that facilitates" (sense 2) or "in the same way" (sense 5) don't apply. Sense 7 ("so ... that") is also possible because the sentence structure implies a result: "so fed up ... he sacked", but sense 7 says "(usually followed by ‘that’)" and the example shows "he was so tired he could hardly stand" where the 'that' is omitted. In our sentence, there is no explicit "that", but the result clause "he sacked" follows. However, sense 1 is explicitly about degree, while sense 7 is about "to an extent or degree as expressed" with a result clause. The gloss for sense 7 says: "(usually followed by ‘that’) to an extent or degree as expressed". In our case, the result is directly expressed without "that". Both could overlap, but sense 1 is more general: "to a very great extent or degree" without requiring a result clause. The sentence structure is "got so fed up ... he sacked", which is a common construction meaning "so [adj.] that [result]". However, sense 1's examples include "never been so happy", which doesn't have a result clause. The key here is that sense 7 specifies "usually followed by 'that'", but in our context, there's no "that". Still, the meaning is essentially "to such a degree (that he sacked the band)". Sense 1 just says "to a very great extent or degree". I think sense 1 is the best because it directly captures the intensifying meaning without requiring the result clause interpretation. In many WSD tasks, "so" in "so fed up" is tagged as sense 1 (degree). Let's check: Sense 1 is "to a very great extent or degree". Sense 7 is "to an extent or degree as expressed". The latter is more about the correlative "so...that". In our sentence, the result is implied, but not with "that". Usually, lexicographers might assign sense 7 to such constructions where "so" introduces a result clause. However, without "that", it might still be sense 1. I'll re-read the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells

Notice that sense 7’s first example omits "that": "he was so tired he could hardly stand". That is exactly parallel to "got so fed up ... he sacked". That example shows a similar construction: "so [adjective] [result clause]". So sense 7 explicitly covers such cases, even without "that", as long as the extent is expressed by a following clause. In contrast, sense 1 covers cases where the extent is not necessarily expressed by a result clause, just emphasis on degree. Since our context explicitly has a result ("he sacked the entire band"), it might be more appropriate for sense 7. However, sense 1's example "never been so happy" could also be interpreted as elliptical for "never been so happy [as now]", but it's not a result clause. The WordNet gloss for sense 7 specifies "as expressed", meaning the extent is expressed in the context. In "got so fed up ... he sacked", the extent is expressed by the consequence. I’d lean toward sense 7.

But let's see how WordNet typically treats these. In practice, in many WSD datasets, "so" before an adjective without an explicit "that" but with a result clause is often tagged as sense 7. For instance, in SemCor, "so" in "He was so tired he could hardly stand" would be sense 7. So I think sense 7 is more precise here.

Let's consider the alternatives: Sense 2 "in a manner that facilitates" (purpose), sense 3 "in such a condition or manner", sense 4 "to a certain unspecified extent", etc. None fit. The competition is between 1 and 7.

I'll pick sense 7 because the context explicitly sets up a degree that leads to a result, matching the "as expressed" part. The absence of "that" is covered by the example.

Thus, sense_index: 7.

But the instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}". So I'll return {"sense_index": 7}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with <t>ringers</t> who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate "ringers" in the given context. The context is about church bell ringing. Words like "tower", "belfry", "changes" (a technical term in change ringing), "band", "picket line" all point to bell ringers. The target word appears multiple times: "ringers think of the church", "ringers often skip off", "non-religious ringers", "sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line". Clearly, "ringers" here means people who ring church bells. Sense 1 matches: "a person who rings church bells", synonyms: toller, bell ringer. The other senses: sense 2 is "dead ringer" (lookalike), sense 3 is a fraudulent contestant, sense 4 is a horseshoes term. None fit. So the best indexed sense is 1. Output JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attend
Target surface form: attend
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't <t>attend</t> service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "attend" in the given context. The target lemma is "attend", and the target surface form is "attend". The context is about church ringers who often skip services to go to the pub, and clerics are trying to get them to attend services. The specific sentence: "strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services." and later: "ringers who didn't attend service". So clearly, "attend" here means to be present at a church service.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=attend%2:42:00:: | definition=be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc. | synonyms=go to | examples=She attends class regularly; I rarely attend services at my church
   This matches exactly: to be present at church services. The examples include "I rarely attend services at my church", which is very similar.

2. sense_key=attend%2:41:12:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care, look, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
   This is about dealing with a task, not being present at an event.

3. sense_key=attend%2:42:01:: | definition=to accompany as a circumstance or follow as a result | examples=Menuhin's playing was attended by a 15-minute standing ovation
   This is about consequences, not applicable.

4. sense_key=attend%2:41:00:: | definition=work for or be a servant to | synonyms=serve, attend to, wait on, assist | examples=May I serve you?; She attends the old lady in the wheelchair
   This is about serving someone, not being present at a service.

5. sense_key=attend%2:39:00:: | definition=give heed (to) | synonyms=hang, advert, pay heed, give ear | examples=The children in the audience attended the recital quietly; She hung on his every word
   This is about paying attention, which could be related to a service, but the context clearly indicates physical presence: "skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below", "pressing ... ringers to attend services", "ringers who didn't attend service". It's about not showing up, not about paying attention while there.

Thus, sense 1 is the best match.

So the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend <t>service</t> he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for the target word "service" in the given context. The context is about church bell ringers. The vicar is upset that ringers don't attend services. The sentence: "Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band..." So "service" here refers to a religious service, i.e., public worship. Among the indexed senses, sense 3 fits perfectly: "the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service". So the answer is {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sack
Target surface form: sacked
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he <t>sacked</t> the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sack%2:40:00:: | definition=plunder (a town) after capture | synonyms=plunder | examples=the barbarians sacked Rome
2. sense_key=sack%2:41:00:: | definition=terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position | synonyms=displace, fire, give notice, can, dismiss, give the axe | examples=The boss fired his secretary today; The company terminated 25% of its workers
3. sense_key=sack%2:40:01:: | definition=make as a net profit | synonyms=net, sack up, clear | examples=The company cleared $1 million
4. sense_key=sack%2:35:00:: | definition=put in a sack | examples=The grocer sacked the onions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "sacked" in the given context. The target word is "sacked" from the lemma "sack". The sentence: "Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he <t>sacked</t> the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest." So, a vicar got fed up with ringers and did something to the entire band, resulting in a picket line. The senses:

1. plunder (a town) after capture; e.g., the barbarians sacked Rome.
2. terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position; e.g., The boss fired his secretary today.
3. make as a net profit; e.g., The company cleared $1 million.
4. put in a sack; e.g., The grocer sacked the onions.

In context, the vicar is upset with the bell ringers because they don't attend service. He "sacked the entire band". Given that they were ringers for the church, it's likely he dismissed them from their position as ringers. The protest with a picket line further indicates a labor dispute. Sense 2 fits perfectly: terminate employment. Sense 1 is about plundering, which makes no sense. Sense 3 is about profit, irrelevant. Sense 4 is about putting things into sacks, not applicable. So the best is sense 2.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: entire
Target surface form: entire
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the <t>entire</t> band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=entire%5:00:01:whole:00 | definition=constituting the full quantity or extent; complete | synonyms=full, total | examples=an entire town devastated by an earthquake; gave full attention
2. sense_key=entire%5:00:02:whole:00 | definition=constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged; - Bacon | synonyms=integral, intact | examples=a local motion keepeth bodies integral; was able to keep the collection entire during his lifetime
3. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:smooth:02 | definition=(of leaves or petals) having a smooth edge; not broken up into teeth or lobes
4. sense_key=entire%5:00:00:uncastrated:00 | definition=(used of domestic animals) sexually competent | synonyms=intact | examples=an entire horse

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "entire" in the given context. The target lemma is "entire", surface form "entire". The context: the vicar sacked "the entire band" of ringers. Meaning: he dismissed the whole group of bell-ringers. So "entire" here means complete, full, whole. Looking at candidate senses:

1. sense 1: constituting the full quantity or extent; complete. Synonyms: full, total. Example: "an entire town devastated" - fits.
2. sense 2: constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged. Synonyms: integral, intact. Example: "keep the collection entire during his lifetime" - this sense is more about preservation of wholeness, not about the full extent. Slight nuance: "entire" as in intact, not missing any parts. In context, he sacked the entire band, meaning the whole group, not that the band was missing parts before. It's about the completeness of the set. Sense 1 is more about extent/quantiity, sense 2 about integrity. The phrase "entire band" means all members, the full group. That aligns with sense 1's "constituting the full quantity or extent". Example: "an entire town devastated" means the whole town. So sense 1 is best.
3. sense 3: leaves or petals having smooth edge - irrelevant.
4. sense 4: uncastrated - irrelevant.

So I choose sense index 1. Output JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
It is a passion that usually stays in the tower, however. More often than not, ringers think of the church as something stuck on the bottom of the belfry. When their changes are completed, and after they have worked up a sweat, ringers often skip off to the local pub, leaving worship for others below. This does not sit well with some clerics. With membership of the Church of England steadily dwindling, strong-willed vicars are pressing equally strong-willed and often non-religious ringers to attend services. Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the <t>ringers</t> promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to find the best sense for "ringer" in the context provided. The target surface form is "ringers". The context discusses church bell ringers: they are in a belfry, they ring changes, they often skip service, vicars pressure them to attend. The target word appears twice in the text: first as "ringers" and then as "<t>ringers</t>". Clearly, these are people who ring church bells.

Now look at the candidate senses:
1. a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) - exactly matches.
2. a person almost identical to another (dead ringer) - not relevant.
3. a contestant entered under false pretenses - not relevant.
4. a successful throw in horseshoes - not relevant.

So the best sense is 1.

Therefore, output JSON with sense_index 1.