[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: factor
Target surface form: factor
Context:
Yes, we all can remember one or two truly inspiring teachers from our school days. But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important <t>factor</t> in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=factor%1:11:00:: | definition=anything that contributes causally to a result | examples=a number of factors determined the outcome
2. sense_key=factor%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, constituent, element, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony
3. sense_key=factor%1:23:00:: | definition=one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer | synonyms=divisor | examples=what are the 4 factors of 6?
4. sense_key=factor%1:18:00:: | definition=a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission | synonyms=agent, broker
5. sense_key=factor%1:23:01:: | definition=any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
6. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics
7. sense_key=factor%1:08:00:: | definition=(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity | synonyms=gene, cistron | examples=genes were formerly called factors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: Target lemma: factor. Target surface form: factor. Context: "Yes, we all can remember one or two truly inspiring teachers from our school days. But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important <t>factor</t> in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem."

We need to choose the best indexed sense. Candidate senses:

1. sense_key=factor%1:11:00:: | definition=anything that contributes causally to a result | examples=a number of factors determined the outcome
2. sense_key=factor%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract part of something | synonyms=component, constituent, element, ingredient | examples=jealousy was a component of his character; two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony
3. sense_key=factor%1:23:00:: | definition=one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer | synonyms=divisor | examples=what are the 4 factors of 6?
4. sense_key=factor%1:18:00:: | definition=a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission | synonyms=agent, broker
5. sense_key=factor%1:23:01:: | definition=any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
6. sense_key=factor%1:09:01:: | definition=an independent variable in statistics
7. sense_key=factor%1:08:00:: | definition=(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity | synonyms=gene, cistron | examples=genes were formerly called factors

Context: "Our teachers are not an important <t>factor</t> in our educational crisis." The meaning is that teachers do not causally contribute significantly to the educational crisis. So "factor" here means something that contributes to a result. Sense 1: "anything that contributes causally to a result" fits perfectly. Sense 2 might be considered, but it says "an abstract part of something" and gives examples like jealousy being a component of character, which is more like a constituent element, not necessarily causal. In the context, "factor" is used in the sense of a contributing factor to a crisis. Sense 6 is "independent variable in statistics" which is too specific and not likely. Sense 1 is the most common meaning of factor in such contexts. So index 1 is best.

Thus {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
Yes, we all can remember one or two truly inspiring teachers from our school days. But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our <t>educational</t> crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "educational" in the given context. The target lemma is "educational" and the surface form is "educational". The context is a paragraph about teachers and education. We need to choose between two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

The context: "Yes, we all can remember one or two truly inspiring teachers from our school days. But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem."

The key phrase is "educational crisis" and "educational problem". Here, "educational" modifies "crisis" and "problem", meaning a crisis or problem relating to education. It's not about providing knowledge, but about the system or process of education. Sense 1: relate to the process of education. Sense 2: providing knowledge. In the context, the author is talking about the educational system and its issues, not about something that provides knowledge. So sense 1 is correct. Thus, the sense index is 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: DigitalOcean

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
Yes, we all can remember one or two truly inspiring teachers from our school days. But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational <t>crisis</t>. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a sentence with the target word "crisis": "Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis." The context discusses teachers, comparing them to family doctors—competent but not brilliant. It says teachers are not an important factor in the educational crisis, and then talks about underpayment as a problem of equity, not an educational problem. So "crisis" here refers to a problematic situation in education. Which sense fits?

Sense 1: "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty" – example: "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis." This fits a problematic situation, like an educational crisis.

Sense 2: "a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something" – example: "after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better." This implies a decisive moment, a turning point. In the context, "educational crisis" likely refers to a problematic situation (like underperformance, lack of quality), not a turning point. The sentence says teachers are not an important factor in this crisis, meaning the crisis is not caused or significantly impacted by teachers. The mention of underpayment as a problem of equity suggests the crisis is about the state of education. So sense 1 is more appropriate.

Thus, the answer is sense_index: 1.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problem
Context:
But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a <t>problem</t> of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "problem" in the given context. The target lemma is "problem", surface form is "problem". We have three candidate senses. We need to choose the best one.

Let's read the context carefully:
"But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a <t>problem</t> of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more."

The target word is in the sentence: "Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem." So it says it's a "problem of equity", meaning a matter relating to fairness/justice. It contrasts with an "educational problem". So here, "problem" is being used in the sense of an issue or matter under consideration, perhaps a question of equity.

Now examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him. This sense refers to a difficult situation or state. The example "she and her husband are having problems" implies difficulties in a relationship. In the context, "a problem of equity" might be interpreted as a difficulty? But it seems more like a question or issue to consider, not a state of difficulty that needs resolution. The phrase "problem of equity" suggests a matter pertaining to equity.

2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve. This sense is about a question or task, like in math problems or a matter to be considered. The example "our homework consisted of ten problems" is very specific to exercises. But the definition "a question raised for consideration or solution" fits the idea of "problem of equity" as an issue that is debated or considered. The text says "Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity" – it's a question of equity, not an educational problem. It's something to be considered or solved perhaps.

3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem? This sense implies something that causes trouble or difficulty. "What's the problem?" often asks for the source of trouble. In the context, underpayment might be seen as a source of difficulty? But the text says it's not an educational problem, so it's not a cause of educational crisis, but an issue of equity. So it's more about a moral or ethical question.

The phrase "a problem of equity" is key. "Equity" here means fairness. So "a problem of equity" is often used to mean an issue relating to fairness or justice. It's a matter or question of equity. For instance, in philosophy, "the problem of evil" is a question. Similarly, "the problem of equity" could be a matter to be considered. So sense 2, with definition "a question raised for consideration or solution", seems the best fit. Sense 1 is about a state of difficulty, which doesn't match as well because the sentence isn't saying that underpayment is a difficulty for equity, but that it's a problem belonging to the domain of equity. Sense 3 is a source of difficulty, which could be possible, but the contrast with "educational problem" suggests categorization: it's not a problem in education, it's a problem in terms of equity. The word "problem" is used in a more neutral, categorical way, like "question" or "matter". Indeed, we often say "that's a problem of philosophy," etc. Thus, sense 2 is most appropriate.

So the best sense is 2.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equity
Target surface form: equity
Context:
But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of <t>equity</t>; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equity%1:21:01:: | definition=the difference between the market value of a property and the claims held against it
2. sense_key=equity%1:21:00:: | definition=the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporation
3. sense_key=equity%1:07:00:: | definition=conformity with rules or standards | synonyms=fairness | examples=the judge recognized the fairness of my claim

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "equity" in the provided context. The context is: "Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem."

The target word is "equity". We have three candidate senses:
1. equity%1:21:01:: - definition: the difference between the market value of a property and the claims held against it (this is about net value, like home equity)
2. equity%1:21:00:: - definition: the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporation (stock equity)
3. equity%1:07:00:: - definition: conformity with rules or standards; synonyms: fairness; examples: "the judge recognized the fairness of my claim"

In the context, the sentence is about teachers being underpaid being a problem of equity, not an educational problem. This clearly refers to fairness or justice in compensation. It's about whether teachers are paid fairly. So the sense is about fairness, not financial equity in property or shares. The third sense matches "conformity with rules or standards" and has synonym "fairness". Thus, the best indexed sense is 3.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 3}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educational
Target surface form: educational
Context:
But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an <t>educational</t> problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "educational" in the given context. We have two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=educational%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. sense_key=educational%5:00:00:instructive:00 | definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

We need to choose the best sense based on the context. The context discusses teachers, education, and an "educational crisis" and an "educational problem". The phrase is: "it is not an educational problem." The context argues that teachers' salaries are a matter of equity, not an "educational problem" per se. So the sense here is about something that relates to the process of education, not necessarily providing knowledge directly. The example for sense 1 is "educational psychology", which is a field relating to the process of education. Sense 2 is about providing knowledge, like an educational film. In the context, they are distinguishing a problem of equity from an "educational problem", meaning a problem concerning the educational process itself. So sense 1 seems more appropriate.

Thus, we choose sense_index 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problem
Context:
But our education proceeded at the hands of those others, who were merely competent and conscientious. In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational <t>problem</t>. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "problem" in the given context. The target lemma is "problem", surface form is "problem". Context: "Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem."

We need to choose among three senses:

1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

The sentence says: "Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem." So here, "problem" is used in the phrase "a problem of equity" and "an educational problem". It refers to a matter or issue that falls under the category of equity, not education. The sense is likely "a question raised for consideration or solution" or simply an issue. Let's examine each:

Sense 1: "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" – This sense is about a difficult situation, like "she and her husband are having problems". That implies ongoing trouble. Here, the phrase "a problem of equity" doesn't necessarily mean a difficult state; it's more like a matter or issue to be addressed. The context is arguing that teacher pay is an issue of equity, not an educational issue per se. It's not describing a state of difficulty.

Sense 2: "a question raised for consideration or solution" – This fits well: "Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity" means it's a question to be considered under the category of equity. Similarly, it's not an educational question. The example "our homework consisted of ten problems to solve" is about academic problems, but here it's more abstract: a matter to be addressed.

Sense 3: "a source of difficulty" – This is similar to sense 1 but emphasizes the source. "What's the problem?" could be asking for the cause of difficulty. In the context, it's not pointing to a source of difficulty; it's classifying the nature of the issue. "A problem of equity" means the issue relates to equity, not that equity is the source of difficulty. So sense 3 is less likely.

Thus, sense 2 seems most appropriate: "a question raised for consideration or solution." The phrase "problem of equity" suggests a matter to be considered, a question to be addressed, not necessarily a difficulty. The argument is that it's an equity issue, not an educational one. So sense 2.

I'll choose sense_index: 2.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: teacher
Target surface form: teachers
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our <t>teachers</t> to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=teacher%1:18:00:: | definition=a person whose occupation is teaching | synonyms=instructor
2. sense_key=teacher%1:09:00:: | definition=a personified abstraction that teaches | examples=books were his teachers; experience is a demanding teacher

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for "teacher" in the given context. We have two candidate senses: sense 1 is a person whose occupation is teaching; sense 2 is a personified abstraction that teaches. The context discusses teachers as actual people in the educational system, comparing them to family doctors, talking about their pay, teachers' unions, etc. It is clearly about human teachers, not an abstraction. So the correct sense is sense 1. Output as JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: think
Target surface form: think
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to <t>think</t> they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=think%2:31:01:: | definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge | synonyms=believe, consider, conceive | examples=I think he is very smart; I believe her to be very smart
2. sense_key=think%2:31:03:: | definition=expect, believe, or suppose | synonyms=opine, suppose, imagine, reckon, guess | examples=I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel; I thought to find her in a bad state
3. sense_key=think%2:31:00:: | definition=use or exercise the mind or one's power of reason in order to make inferences, decisions, or arrive at a solution or judgments | synonyms=cogitate, cerebrate | examples=I've been thinking all day and getting nowhere
4. sense_key=think%2:31:02:: | definition=recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection | synonyms=remember, retrieve, recall, call back, call up, recollect | examples=I can't remember saying any such thing; I can't think what her last name was
5. sense_key=think%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine or visualize | examples=Just think--you could be rich one day!; Think what a scene it must have been!
6. sense_key=think%2:31:09:: | definition=focus one's attention on a certain state | examples=Think big; think thin
7. sense_key=think%2:31:06:: | definition=have in mind as a purpose | synonyms=intend, mean | examples=I mean no harm; I only meant to help you
8. sense_key=think%2:31:12:: | definition=decide by pondering, reasoning, or reflecting | examples=Can you think what to do next?
9. sense_key=think%2:31:13:: | definition=ponder; reflect on, or reason about | examples=Think the matter through; Think how hard life in Russia must be these days
10. sense_key=think%2:31:15:: | definition=dispose the mind in a certain way | examples=Do you really think so?
11. sense_key=think%2:31:14:: | definition=have or formulate in the mind | examples=think good thoughts
12. sense_key=think%2:31:08:: | definition=be capable of conscious thought | examples=Man is the only creature that thinks
13. sense_key=think%2:30:00:: | definition=bring into a given condition by mental preoccupation | examples=She thought herself into a state of panic over the final exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Choose the single best indexed sense." The target word is "think" in the context: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." So here, "think" is used with a clause: "to think they would educate our children better..." This is expressing a belief or opinion about a hypothetical situation. Looking at the options:

Sense 1: judge or regard; look upon; judge. Synonyms: believe, consider, conceive. Example: I think he is very smart. This fits: "to believe they would educate..." This is expressing a belief or judgment.

Sense 2: expect, believe, or suppose. Synonyms: opine, suppose, imagine, reckon, guess. Example: I imagine she earned a lot of money... I thought to find her in a bad state. This also expresses belief, but with a nuance of expectation or supposition. The context says "to think they would educate..." which is a hypothetical belief, not necessarily an expectation. But both sense 1 and 2 involve belief. However, sense 1 explicitly says "judge or regard; look upon" and the example "I think he is very smart" is a judgment. In the context, "to think they would educate better" is judging that they would, so it's more of a judgment. Sense 2's examples include "I imagine she earned..." which is more about supposing something is true. The line "I thought to find her in a bad state" is a bit different. Actually, the context is closer to "I believe they would educate better if they got more money." It's a belief about a conditional.

Sense 3: use or exercise the mind... This is too broad; not specifically a belief.

Sense 4: recall memory; no.

Sense 5: imagine or visualize; examples: "Just think--you could be rich one day!" That is more about imagining a scenario. The context is "think they would educate our children better" - this could be imagining a hypothetical. But the construction "to think they would" is more about believing something to be true. Sense 5's examples are exclamatory: "Just think--..." "Think what a scene it must have been!" In the context, it's not an exclamation, it's a statement about a libel that claims teachers would do better with more money. It's a belief.

Sense 6: focus attention on a certain state: "Think big" etc. No.

Sense 7: have in mind as a purpose; intend. Not relevant.

Sense 8: decide by pondering; no.

Sense 9: ponder; reflect on; "Think how hard life in Russia must be these days" – that is similar to the context? "think how hard life..." is an imperative. Here it's "to think they would educate..." It's not a direct imperative; it's an infinitive clause. This is closer to sense 1 or 2.

Sense 10: dispose the mind in a certain way; "Do you really think so?" That is also a belief/judgment.

Sense 11: have in the mind; "think good thoughts" – no.

Sense 12: capable of conscious thought – no.

Sense 13: bring into a given condition – no.

Between senses 1 and 2, both are plausible. Let's check the definitions: sense 1: "judge or regard; look upon". The example: "I think he is very smart" – that is exactly the same structure: "I think [clause]". Sense 2: "expect, believe, or suppose". The examples: "I imagine she earned a lot of money with her new novel" (I think she earned...), "I thought to find her in a bad state" (I expected to find her...). The second example uses "thought to find" meaning expected. In our context, "think they would educate" is like "believe they would educate", not "expected to educate". So sense 1 seems more direct: "I think they would educate better" is a judgment.

Also, the synonyms for sense 1: believe, consider, conceive. For sense 2: opine, suppose, imagine, reckon, guess. "Believe" appears in both? Actually sense 1 includes "believe" as a synonym, sense 2 definition says "expect, believe, or suppose". So there is overlap. But sense 1 emphasizes judging/regarding, while sense 2 emphasizes expectation/supposition. In the context, it's a statement about a libel: the libel is that teachers would educate better with more money. So "to think" is to hold that opinion/judgment. I'd lean toward sense 1.

Check if there's any other nuance: the phrase "it is silly libel on our teachers to think..." means "it is libel to believe that..." So it's a belief. Sense 1 is appropriate.

Thus, I'll select sense 1.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: educate
Target surface form: educate
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would <t>educate</t> our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=educate%2:41:00:: | definition=give an education to | examples=We must educate our youngsters better
2. sense_key=educate%2:31:00:: | definition=create by training and teaching | synonyms=train, develop, prepare | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists; we develop the leaders for the future
3. sense_key=educate%2:41:01:: | definition=teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment | synonyms=school, train, cultivate, civilize, civilise | examples=Cultivate your musical taste; Train your tastebuds

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "educate" in the sentence: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." The context talks about teachers and their role in education crisis. The target word is "educate" meaning to teach or provide education. Looking at the senses:

Sense 1: give an education to. Example: "We must educate our youngsters better." This is straightforward: providing general education.

Sense 2: create by training and teaching; synonyms: train, develop, prepare. Example: training violinists or developing leaders. This implies a more specialized training, like developing skills.

Sense 3: teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment; synonyms: school, train, cultivate. This is about cultivating taste or judgment, more about refinement.

In the context, the sentence is about teachers educating children. It's about general education, not specialized training or cultivating taste. The phrase "educate our children better" clearly points to giving them an education. Sense 1 fits best.

Thus, the answer is sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our <t>children</t> better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "child" with surface form "children" in the given context. We have four candidate senses. We need to choose the single best indexed sense based on context, synonyms, and examples.

Context: "In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our <t>children</t> better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes."

The target word is "children" used in "educate our <t>children</t> better". Here, "children" refers to students, young people being educated. The context discusses teachers and education. So it's about young people in a school setting.

Now, evaluate senses:

1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: - a young person of either sex (kid, youngster, minor, etc.). Examples: "she writes books for children; they're just kids". This fits well because the context is about educating children in schools, implying young persons.

2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: - a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age. Examples: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college". This sense emphasizes the parent-child relationship. In the context, "our children" could be interpreted as offspring, but it's more about students in general. The speaker says "our teachers... educate our children better", which could be seen from a parental perspective, but the focus isn't on the familial relationship, but on the educational role. Usually, in discourse about education, "children" refers to young learners in general, not specifically one's own sons and daughters. So sense 1 is more general and likely.

3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: - an immature childish person. Examples: "he remained a child in practical matters...". This is metaphorical, not literal. Not appropriate here.

4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: - a member of a clan or tribe. Examples: "the children of Israel". Not relevant.

So between 1 and 2, 1 is more direct. Sense 2 might be possible if the speaker is a parent, but the passage is a general argument about teacher pay and educational crisis. It says "our teachers... educate our children", meaning the children of the community, not necessarily each speaker's personal offspring. Also, the WordNet example for sense 1: "she writes books for children" is analogous to teaching children. Therefore, sense 1 is the best.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: better
Target surface form: better
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children <t>better</t> if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=better%4:02:00:: | definition=comparative of `well'; in a better or more excellent manner or more advantageously or attractively or to a greater degree etc. | examples=She had never sung better; a deed better left undone
2. sense_key=better%4:02:01:: | definition=from a position of superiority or authority | synonyms=best | examples=father knows best; I know better.
3. sense_key=well%4:02:00:: | definition=(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well') | synonyms=well, good | examples=the children behaved well; a task well done
4. sense_key=well%4:02:05:: | definition=thoroughly or completely; fully; often used as a combining form; ; ; ; ; , | synonyms=well | examples=The problem is well understood; she was well informed
5. sense_key=well%4:02:03:: | definition=indicating high probability; in all likelihood | synonyms=well, easily | examples=I might well do it; a mistake that could easily have ended in disaster
6. sense_key=well%4:02:15:: | definition=(used for emphasis or as an intensifier) entirely or fully | synonyms=well | examples=a book well worth reading; was well aware of the difficulties ahead
7. sense_key=well%4:02:08:: | definition=to a suitable or appropriate extent or degree | synonyms=well | examples=the project was well underway; the fetus has well developed organs
8. sense_key=well%4:02:07:: | definition=favorably; with approval | synonyms=well | examples=their neighbors spoke well of them; he thought well of the book
9. sense_key=well%4:02:11:: | definition=to a great extent or degree | synonyms=well, considerably, substantially | examples=I'm afraid the film was well over budget; painting the room white made it seem considerably (or substantially) larger
10. sense_key=well%4:02:14:: | definition=with great or especially intimate knowledge | synonyms=well, intimately | examples=we knew them well
11. sense_key=well%4:02:13:: | definition=with prudence or propriety | synonyms=well | examples=You would do well to say nothing more; could not well refuse
12. sense_key=well%4:02:12:: | definition=with skill or in a pleasing manner | synonyms=well | examples=she dances well; he writes well
13. sense_key=well%4:02:10:: | definition=in a manner affording benefit or advantage | synonyms=well, advantageously | examples=she married well; The children were settled advantageously in Seattle
14. sense_key=well%4:02:09:: | definition=in financial comfort | synonyms=well, comfortably | examples=They live well; she has been able to live comfortably since her husband died
15. sense_key=well%4:02:01:: | definition=without unusual distress or resentment; with good humor | synonyms=well | examples=took the joke well; took the tragic news well

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "better" with surface form "better" in a context. We need to choose the best indexed sense from the candidate senses. The candidate senses include "better" directly (1 and 2) and many senses for "well" (3-15). Since the surface form is "better", it is the comparative form of the adverb "well" or adjective "good". But note that sense 2 is "better%4:02:01::" with definition: "from a position of superiority or authority", synonyms: best, examples: "father knows best; I know better." That is an idiomatic usage. Sense 1 is the comparative of "well": "in a better or more excellent manner..." with examples: "She had never sung better; a deed better left undone".

Let's analyze the context. The sentence: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children <t>better</t> if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." The word "better" is modifying "educate", so it is an adverb meaning "in a better manner" or "more effectively". It is the comparative form, meaning they would educate our children in a better way. That aligns with sense 1: comparative of 'well'; in a better or more excellent manner. Sense 2 "from a position of superiority or authority" doesn't fit; "I know better." doesn't match the context. So, we need to see if any of the "well" senses apply as the base form, but since the surface form is "better", the WordNet entries for "better" itself are the primary candidates. WordNet has separate entries for "better" as adverb. Sense 1 is "in a better or more excellent manner", which is exactly the comparative adverb. The other sense for "better" (sense 2) is idiomatic: "from a position of superiority". The context clearly uses "better" as a comparative adverb modifying "educate". So, sense 1 is correct.

However, the candidate list also includes many senses of "well" that are not directly "better". The word "better" is the comparative of "well" (and "good" as adjective, but here it's adverb). In WSD tasks, if the surface form is "better", we should select the sense that matches the word "better" itself, not the base form "well". But WordNet sometimes links comparative forms to the base form's senses. However, the provided candidate list includes two specific "better" senses, so we should pick among those because they are indexed for "better". The senses for "well" are separate lemmas. But the surface form is "better", so the WSD should consider the lemma "better". The sense keys are given, and they are for "better" (1,2) and "well" (3-15). The best match is sense 1.

Thus, the answer should be sense_index: 1.

Let's verify: The sentence says "they would educate our children better", meaning in a more effective way. That's exactly sense 1: comparative of 'well'; in a better or more excellent manner. The example "She had never sung better" is similar: she sang in a better manner. So, sense 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: got
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they <t>got</t> a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a sentence: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." The target word is "got", which is the past tense of "get". We need to do word sense disambiguation, choosing the correct sense from the provided list.

Context: The sentence discusses teachers and whether they would perform better if they received more money. The phrase "got a few thousand dollars a year more" means they would receive a raise, i.e., they would come into possession of more money. So "got" here means to receive or acquire something (money). Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
   This fits perfectly: teachers would get (acquire) a few thousand dollars.

2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition (become) - not fitting because it's about receiving money, not becoming something.

3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition - no.

4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) - could be read as "receive" but the definition says "abstract treatment", and examples are about receiving a review, etc. Not about concrete money necessarily? But it is "receive a specified treatment (abstract)". Money is concrete. Sense 1 explicitly says "come into possession of something concrete or abstract". That seems more direct.

5. arrive - no.

6. fetch - no.

7. experience - no.

8. take vengeance - no.

9. achieve a point or goal - not fitting.

10. cause to do - no.

11. catch - no.

12. undergo change of physical features - no.

13. be stricken by illness - no.

14. communicate with - no.

15. give properties - no.

16. move into direction of discourse - no.

17. grasp with mind - no.

18. attract and fix - no.

19. reach with a blow - no.

20. reach by calculation - no.

21. acquire as a result of some effort or action - could also fit: "You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?" But this sense is about acquiring something through effort. While teachers would receive more money as a result of a salary increase, it's not necessarily through their own direct effort in the context. It's about them being given more money. Sense 1 is more general: come into possession, which could be through any means.

22. purchase - no.

23. perceive by hearing - no.

24. suffer from receipt - no.

25. receive as retribution or punishment - no.

26. leave - no.

27. reach and board - no.

28. irritate - no.

29. evoke emotional response - no.

30. apprehend and reproduce accurately - no.

31. earn a base in baseball - no.

32. overcome or destroy - no.

33. be a mystery - no.

34. take first steps - no.

35. undergo injuries - no.

36. make children - no.

So the clear best choice is sense 1. The word "got" here means "acquired" or "received". In the phrase "got a few thousand dollars a year more", it is a direct object of possession. Sense 1 is "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract", with synonyms "acquire". That matches.

Thus, the answer is sense_index: 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a <t>year</t> more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "year" in the given context. The context is: "In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. ... It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. ..."

The target phrase is "a few thousand dollars a year more". The word "year" here is used in a compensation context: per year, annually. The sense is a period of time used as a unit for salary. Which sense fits? Sense 1: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days (general time unit). Sense 2: a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity (e.g., a school year). Sense 3: planetary year. Sense 4: a body of students who graduate together.

In "dollars a year more", it means "per year", i.e., a unit of time equivalent to a calendar year. That is sense 1: a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days. The example "she is 4 years old; in the year 1920" shows the general time sense. Sense 2 is about a specific portion of the year (like school year, fiscal year), but here it's just "a year" as a measure of time. So sense 1 is the best fit.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: more
Target surface form: more
Context:
In this sense, a teacher can be compared to one's family doctor. If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year <t>more</t>. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=more%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a greater extent | examples=more interesting; more beautiful
2. sense_key=more%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent | examples=he works more now; they eat more than they should

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "more" in the given sentence: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." The target word is "more". We have two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=more%4:02:00:: | definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | synonyms=to a greater extent | examples=more interesting; more beautiful
2. sense_key=more%4:02:01:: | definition=comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent | examples=he works more now; they eat more than they should

We need to choose the best sense in context.

The sentence: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." Here, "more" modifies "a few thousand dollars a year". It indicates an additional amount of money, i.e., they would get a few thousand dollars per year in addition to what they currently get. So "more" means an additional amount, an increase in quantity. It is used as a quantifier here, not as a comparative adverb modifying an adjective or adverb.

In sense 1, it says "used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs" with examples "more interesting; more beautiful". That is clearly not the usage here. Here, "more" is not forming a comparative adjective; it's indicating an additional quantity.

Sense 2 says "comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent" with examples "he works more now; they eat more than they should". This sense is about a greater degree or extent of an action or state, often used as an adverb or pronoun. But in this context, "more" is directly modifying a noun phrase "a few thousand dollars a year", meaning an additional amount. It could be seen as "a few thousand dollars a year more" meaning "more money" implicitly. It is like "they got a few thousand dollars a year more (than they do now)". That is indeed the comparative of much/many, indicating a greater amount. So sense 2 fits better, as it covers "to a greater degree or extent", which can apply to quantity.

However, note that sense 2 says "comparative of much; to a greater degree or extent". This can be used for amounts: "more money", "more time", etc. Here it's postpositive: "a few thousand dollars a year more". That is still the same sense.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 2.

We return {"sense_index": 2


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: teacher
Target surface form: teachers
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the <t>teachers</t>' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=teacher%1:18:00:: | definition=a person whose occupation is teaching | synonyms=instructor
2. sense_key=teacher%1:09:00:: | definition=a personified abstraction that teaches | examples=books were his teachers; experience is a demanding teacher

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "teachers" in the provided context. The target lemma is "teacher". There are two candidate senses:

1. teacher%1:18:00:: | definition=a person whose occupation is teaching | synonyms=instructor
2. teacher%1:09:00:: | definition=a personified abstraction that teaches | examples=books were his teachers; experience is a demanding teacher

We need to choose the single best indexed sense. The context discusses teachers in an educational crisis, teachers' unions, and specifically says "Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis." and "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more." Clearly, the word "teachers" here refers to actual people who work as teachers, not a metaphoric abstraction. Sense 1 fits perfectly: a person whose occupation is teaching. Sense 2 is about personified abstractions ("books were his teachers") which is not the case here. So sense_index should be 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: union
Target surface form: unions
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' <t>unions</t> do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=union%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer | synonyms=labor union, trade union, trades union, brotherhood | examples=you have to join the union in order to get a job
2. sense_key=union%1:15:00:: | definition=the United States (especially the northern states during the American Civil War) | synonyms=North | examples=he has visited every state in the Union; Lee hoped to detach Maryland from the Union
3. sense_key=union%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes | synonyms=coupling, mating, pairing, conjugation, sexual union | examples=the casual couplings of adolescents; the mating of some species occurs only in the spring
4. sense_key=union%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being joined or united or linked | synonyms=unification | examples=there is strength in union
5. sense_key=union%1:26:02:: | definition=the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce) | synonyms=marriage, matrimony, spousal relationship, wedlock | examples=a long and happy marriage; God bless this union
6. sense_key=union%1:22:00:: | definition=healing process involving the growing together of the edges of a wound or the growing together of broken bones | synonyms=conglutination
7. sense_key=union%1:14:02:: | definition=a political unit formed from previously independent people or organizations | examples=the Soviet Union
8. sense_key=union%1:14:03:: | definition=a set containing all and only the members of two or more given sets | synonyms=sum, join | examples=let C be the union of the sets A and B
9. sense_key=union%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a uniting of separate parts | examples=lightning produced an unusual union of the metals
10. sense_key=union%1:06:01:: | definition=a device on a national flag emblematic of the union of two or more sovereignties (typically in the upper inner corner)
11. sense_key=union%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making or becoming a single unit | synonyms=unification, uniting, conjugation, jointure | examples=the union of opposing factions; he looked forward to the unification of his family for the holidays

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "union", surface form "unions", in a context paragraph. We need to pick the best indexed sense from the candidate list.

Context: "If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' <t>unions</t> do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."

The target is "teachers' unions". Clearly, "unions" here refers to labor unions of teachers. Sense 1: "an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer | synonyms=labor union, trade union, trades union, brotherhood | examples=you have to join the union in order to get a job" fits perfectly. The context talks about teachers' unions spreading a certain libel about underpaid teachers for their own purposes. So sense_index 1.

The answer should be a JSON object like {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mind
Target surface form: mind
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not <t>mind</t> spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mind%2:32:00:: | definition=be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by | examples=I don't mind your behavior
2. sense_key=mind%2:31:02:: | definition=be concerned with or about something or somebody
3. sense_key=mind%2:41:01:: | definition=be in charge of or deal with | synonyms=take care | examples=She takes care of all the necessary arrangements
4. sense_key=mind%2:41:00:: | definition=pay close attention to; give heed to | synonyms=heed, listen | examples=Heed the advice of the old men
5. sense_key=mind%2:31:03:: | definition=be on one's guard; be cautious or wary about; be alert to | synonyms=beware | examples=Beware of telephone salesmen
6. sense_key=mind%2:31:00:: | definition=keep in mind | synonyms=bear in mind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes." The target is "mind" as in "do not mind spreading". We need to choose the best sense from the given 6.

Let's parse the context: The sentence says that the teachers' unions do not mind spreading that libel. The phrase "do not mind" means they are not bothered by spreading it; they are willing to spread it; it doesn't offend them. So "mind" here is used in the sense of "be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by". That is sense 1. The examples: "I don't mind your behavior" matches.

Sense 2: "be concerned with or about something or somebody" – that could be similar, but "do not mind" in this context is more about not being bothered, not taking offense. Sense 1 explicitly says "be offended or bothered by; take offense with, be bothered by", which fits perfectly: they don't take offense at spreading it; they are not bothered.

Sense 3: "be in charge of or deal with" – not that. Sense 4: "pay close attention to; give heed to" – not really. Sense 5: "be on one's guard; be cautious or wary about" – no. Sense 6: "keep in mind" – no.

Thus sense_index: 1.

So the JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spread
Target surface form: spreading
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind <t>spreading</t>, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country
2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population
3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water
4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms
5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor
6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office
7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table
8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out
9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese
10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "spread" with surface form "spreading" in a specific context. We need to choose the best indexed sense among 10 candidates. The context is:

"If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind <t>spreading</t>, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."

We need to determine the meaning of "spreading" in the phrase "the teachers' unions do not mind spreading". The object of "spreading" is "the kind of libel". So the unions do not mind spreading this libel. "Libel" here is a false statement that damages someone's reputation. So the spreading of libel means disseminating or circulating this false information. The unions are spreading this libel (or they don't mind doing so) for their own purposes.

Now, examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=spread%2:35:00:: | definition=distribute or disperse widely | synonyms=distribute | examples=The invaders spread their language all over the country. This implies actively distributing something.

2. sense_key=spread%2:35:07:: | definition=become distributed or widespread | synonyms=propagate | examples=the infection spread; Optimism spread among the population. This is intransitive, something spreading on its own. In the context, the unions are doing the spreading (transitive: they spread libel).

3. sense_key=spread%2:42:00:: | definition=spread across or over | synonyms=overspread | examples=A big oil spot spread across the water. This is about covering a surface, not applicable.

4. sense_key=spread%2:35:03:: | definition=spread out or open from a closed or folded state | synonyms=unfold, spread out, open | examples=open the map; spread your arms. Physical unfolding, not applicable.

5. sense_key=spread%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to become widely known | synonyms=circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate, propagate | examples=spread information; circulate a rumor. This is exactly about spreading information, causing it to become widely known. This fits "spreading libel" (a kind of information/rumor).

6. sense_key=spread%2:32:02:: | definition=become widely known and passed on | synonyms=go around, circulate | examples=the rumor spread; the story went around in the office. Intransitive, the rumor spreads by itself. Here, the unions are actively spreading it, so probably not.

7. sense_key=spread%2:38:00:: | definition=strew or distribute over an area | synonyms=scatter, spread out | examples=He spread fertilizer over the lawn; scatter cards across the table. Physical scattering, not about information.

8. sense_key=spread%2:38:02:: | definition=move outward | synonyms=diffuse, spread out, fan out | examples=The soldiers fanned out. Not applicable.

9. sense_key=spread%2:35:12:: | definition=cover by spreading something over | examples=spread the bread with cheese. Coating, not applicable.

10. sense_key=spread%2:35:13:: | definition=distribute over a surface in a layer | examples=spread cheese on a piece of bread. Again, coating.

Clearly, sense 5 is the most appropriate: cause to become widely known, circulate, disseminate, propagate. It is transitive and relates to information. The context is about spreading a libel (a false rumor/information). So I choose sense index 5.

Check if any other sense might be close. Sense 1 is "distribute or disperse widely" which could also be used, but the synonyms are "distribute" and the example is about language, which is a bit like information, but sense 5 specifically mentions "circulate a rumor" and "spread information" which is a perfect match. Sense 1 seems more general physical distribution. WordNet often has a specific sense for information dissemination. And the index for that is 5. So 5 is the best.

Thus, the answer should be {"sense_index": 5}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: narrow
Target surface form: narrow
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own <t>narrow</t> purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00:: | definition=not wide | examples=a narrow bridge; a narrow line across the page
2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 | definition=limited in size or scope | examples=the narrow sense of a word
3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06:: | definition=lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view | synonyms=narrow-minded | examples=a brilliant but narrow-minded judge; narrow opinions
4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02:: | definition=very limited in degree | examples=won by a narrow margin; a narrow escape
5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination | synonyms=minute | examples=a minute inspection of the grounds; a narrow scrutiny

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "narrow" in the given context. The target form is "narrow" as well. The context: "It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."

We need to choose the best sense from the five candidate senses.

Let's analyze the context: The phrase is "their own narrow purposes". "Narrow" here modifies "purposes". It suggests that the purposes are limited, perhaps self-serving, not broad-minded. The overall tone is critical: the libel is spread for self-interested reasons, not for the broader good. So "narrow purposes" likely means purposes that are limited in scope, possibly selfish or short-sighted.

Now, examine each candidate:

1. sense_key=narrow%3:00:00:: | definition=not wide | examples=a narrow bridge; a narrow line across the page. This is the literal, physical sense of narrow. Not applicable here.

2. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:limited:00 | definition=limited in size or scope | examples=the narrow sense of a word. This could fit: "narrow purposes" meaning limited in scope, not broad. It is a figurative extension of the physical narrowness to abstract scope.

3. sense_key=narrow%3:00:06:: | definition=lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view | synonyms=narrow-minded | examples=a brilliant but narrow-minded judge; narrow opinions. This sense is about a person's mindset being intolerant or not open to different ideas. It is often used for people or views. "Narrow purposes" could imply purposes that are narrow-minded, but purposes themselves are not typically described as lacking tolerance; it's more about the scope of the purposes.

4. sense_key=narrow%3:00:02:: | definition=very limited in degree | examples=won by a narrow margin; a narrow escape. This sense is about a small degree of difference or a small margin. Not appropriate for purposes.

5. sense_key=narrow%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination | synonyms=minute | examples=a minute inspection of the grounds; a narrow scrutiny. This sense means careful and detailed. Not fitting for "purposes".

Thus, the most likely sense is 2: limited in size or scope. However, sense 3 "lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view" might also be considered because "narrow purposes" could imply selfish, intolerant purposes. But the definition for sense 3 is specifically about lacking breadth of view, as in a person's mindset. Usually, we say "narrow-minded" for that. The examples given: "narrow opinions" - opinions that are not broad. So "narrow purposes" could be purposes that are not broad-minded, i.e., limited in scope. That overlaps with sense 2. Sense 2 explicitly says "limited in size or scope", which seems more directly applicable. The phrase "narrow purposes" likely means purposes that are not broad, limited, perhaps self-interested. I'd go with sense 2.

WordNet often has "narrow" in sense 2 as an adjective meaning "limited in size or scope". For example, "the narrow sense of a word" means the restricted, not broad sense. So "narrow purposes" would similarly mean restricted, limited purposes. That fits.

Thus, I'll choose sense_index 2.

But let's double-check: Could it be sense 3? The definition includes "lack of breadth of view", which is similar to limited scope. However, sense 3 is categorized as the third sense (the numbers in the sense keys indicate different synsets). The sense key: narrow%3:00:06:: - the 06 indicates it's a different sense. The gloss for sense 3 emphasizes lacking tolerance or flexibility, which often applies to people or ideologies. "Narrow purposes" might not necessarily imply intolerance, just limited. So sense 2 is better.

Hence, sense_index 2.

Response: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: purpose
Target surface form: purposes
Context:
If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow <t>purposes</t>. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough
2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination | examples=his determination showed in his every movement; he is a man of purpose

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "purpose" and surface form "purposes" (plural). The context is a text that includes the phrase "for their own narrow purposes." We need to choose the best sense among three candidate senses.

Let's read the context carefully:

"If he were brilliant, he probably would not be a family doctor in the first place. If he is competent and conscientious, he serves us well. Our teachers are not an important factor in our educational crisis. Whether they are or are not underpaid is a problem of equity; it is not an educational problem. It is silly libel on our teachers to think they would educate our children better if only they got a few thousand dollars a year more. It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow <t>purposes</t>. It is also the kind of libel politicians find useful, since it helps them strike a friendly posture on behalf of an important constituency."

The target word is "purposes" in the sentence: "It is the kind of libel the teachers' unions do not mind spreading, for their own narrow purposes." So the phrase "narrow purposes" refers to the goals or intentions of the teachers' unions. The unions are spreading this libel (the idea that underpaying teachers is the cause of educational crisis) because it serves their own narrow purposes—i.e., their own goals or objectives.

Now let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=purpose%1:09:00:: | definition=an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions | synonyms=intent, intention, aim, design | examples=his intent was to provide a new translation; good intentions are not enough
   This sense is about an intended outcome, aim, intention. It fits: the unions have certain intended outcomes (e.g., higher pay, more funding) and this libel serves that purpose. "Narrow purposes" here means their own self-interested goals.

2. sense_key=purpose%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, role, use | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
   This sense is about the function of an object or thing, what it is used for. While "purpose" can mean the use or function of something, in this context, "for their own narrow purposes" is not referring to the function of an object but rather the goals or aims of the unions. It's not about the use of the libel as a tool, but about the intentions behind spreading it. The phrase "for their own purposes" typically means to serve their own interests or aims, which aligns with sense 1.

3. sense_key=purpose%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being determined to do or achieve something; firmness of purpose | synonyms=determination | examples=his determination showed in his every movement; he is a man of purpose
   This sense is about the quality of determination or resolve. It doesn't fit because "narrow purposes" is not about the unions' determination, but about their specific goals or objectives. "Purposes" as plural of "purpose" in this sense would mean multiple instances of determination? That doesn't make sense. This sense is typically uncountable (firmness of purpose) and not used in plural to refer to goals.

Therefore, sense 1 is the most appropriate. The phrase "for their own narrow purposes" means for their own narrow aims or intentions.

I'll return {"sense_index": 1}.