[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: suspension
Target surface form: suspension
Context:
They waited for and accepted the sanction with no complaints. Another question is what type of advantage the violators obtained in the actions deliberately carried out. Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the <t>suspension</t> by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=suspension%1:27:00:: | definition=a mixture in which fine particles are suspended in a fluid where they are supported by buoyancy
2. sense_key=suspension%1:28:00:: | definition=a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something | synonyms=pause, intermission, break, interruption
3. sense_key=suspension%1:26:00:: | definition=temporary cessation or suspension | synonyms=abeyance
4. sense_key=suspension%1:11:00:: | definition=an interruption in the intensity or amount of something | synonyms=respite, reprieve, hiatus, abatement
5. sense_key=suspension%1:06:00:: | definition=a mechanical system of springs or shock absorbers connecting the wheels and axles to the chassis of a wheeled vehicle | synonyms=suspension system
6. sense_key=suspension%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely) | synonyms=dangling, hanging | examples=there was a small ceremony for the hanging of the portrait
7. sense_key=suspension%1:04:01:: | definition=a temporary debarment (from a privilege or position etc) | synonyms=temporary removal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "suspension" and the context is a passage about sports, specifically about a team and players receiving sanctions, cards, and future games. The target word appears in the phrase: "the <t>suspension</t> by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle." So it's about a player being suspended from playing due to accumulating cards (like yellow/red cards in soccer). So the sense is about a temporary debarment from a privilege or position. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. chemistry sense (mixture) - no.
2. time interval of temporary cessation - could be close, but it's more generic, not specific to debarment.
3. temporary cessation or suspension (abeyance) - also generic.
4. interruption in intensity or amount - not fitting.
5. mechanical system - no.
6. hanging - no.
7. temporary debarment (from a privilege or position etc) - this specifically matches the sports context: suspension from playing due to card accumulation.

Sense 7 is clearly the best. So answer is sense 7. But the JSON should be {"sense_index": 7}.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: accumulation
Target surface form: accumulation
Context:
They waited for and accepted the sanction with no complaints. Another question is what type of advantage the violators obtained in the actions deliberately carried out. Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card <t>accumulation</t> takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=accumulation%1:22:00:: | definition=an increase by natural growth or addition | synonyms=accretion
2. sense_key=accumulation%1:14:00:: | definition=several things grouped together or considered as a whole | synonyms=collection, aggregation, assemblage
3. sense_key=accumulation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of accumulating | synonyms=accrual, accruement
4. sense_key=accumulation%1:21:00:: | definition=(finance) profits that are not paid out as dividends but are added to the capital base of the corporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the target lemma "accumulation" in the given context. The target surface form is "accumulation", and the context is a sentence: "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." Wait, the full context is: "They waited for and accepted the sanction with no complaints. Another question is what type of advantage the violators obtained in the actions deliberately carried out. Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card <t>accumulation</t> takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage."

We specifically need to disambiguate "accumulation" in the phrase "suspension by card accumulation". In sports (seems like soccer/football), "accumulation" of yellow cards leads to suspension. This refers to the act of accumulating cards over multiple games. The sense is about gathering or collecting something (cards) gradually.

Look at candidate senses:
1. sense 1: "an increase by natural growth or addition" (accretion). Example: "the accumulation of wealth" or natural accumulation. Not quite, cards are not natural growth, it's artificial.
2. sense 2: "several things grouped together or considered as a whole" (collection, aggregation, assemblage). This focuses on the result: the group of things. But here "card accumulation" is the process of accumulating cards, not a collection.
3. sense 3: "the act of accumulating" (accrual, accruement). This is the process of accumulating. "Suspension by card accumulation" means suspension that occurs due to the act of accumulating cards. That fits.
4. sense 4: "(finance) profits that are not paid out as dividends but are added to the capital base of the corporation". Not relevant.

Thus, sense 3 is the best: the act of accumulating.

So answer: {"sense_index": 3}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Fireworks

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: round
Target surface form: rounds
Context:
Another question is what type of advantage the violators obtained in the actions deliberately carried out. Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing <t>rounds</t>, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=round%1:06:01:: | definition=a charge of ammunition for a single shot | synonyms=unit of ammunition, one shot
2. sense_key=round%1:28:01:: | definition=an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs | synonyms=cycle, rhythm | examples=the never-ending cycle of the seasons
3. sense_key=round%1:15:00:: | definition=a regular route for a sentry or policeman | synonyms=beat | examples=in the old days a policeman walked a beat and knew all his people by name
4. sense_key=round%1:04:00:: | definition=(often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order) | examples=the doctor goes on his rounds first thing every morning; the postman's rounds
5. sense_key=round%1:04:03:: | definition=the activity of playing 18 holes of golf | synonyms=round of golf | examples=a round of golf takes about 4 hours
6. sense_key=round%1:04:01:: | definition=the usual activities in your day | synonyms=daily round | examples=the doctor made his rounds
7. sense_key=round%1:28:00:: | definition=(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive | synonyms=turn, bout
8. sense_key=round%1:17:00:: | definition=the course along which communications spread | examples=the story is going the rounds in Washington
9. sense_key=round%1:13:01:: | definition=a serving to each of a group (usually alcoholic) | synonyms=round of drinks | examples=he ordered a second round
10. sense_key=round%1:13:00:: | definition=a cut of beef between the rump and the lower leg
11. sense_key=round%1:10:00:: | definition=a partsong in which voices follow each other; one voice starts and others join in one after another until all are singing different parts of the song at the same time | synonyms=troll | examples=they enjoyed singing rounds
12. sense_key=round%1:10:01:: | definition=an outburst of applause | examples=there was a round of applause
13. sense_key=round%1:06:03:: | definition=a crosspiece between the legs of a chair | synonyms=rung, stave
14. sense_key=round%1:06:00:: | definition=any circular or rotating mechanism | synonyms=circle | examples=the machine punched out metal circles

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the lemma "round", surface form "rounds", in the given context. The target is "rounds" in the sentence: "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage."

Let's analyze the context. The overall text is about soccer (football) and rules. It discusses players deliberately getting yellow cards to reset their accumulation of cards for suspension purposes. The phrase is "by passing rounds". What does "rounds" mean here? In soccer tournaments, there are phases or stages—group stage, knockout rounds, etc. "Passing rounds" likely means advancing through stages of a tournament. For example, "rounds" could refer to stages in a competition. WordNet sense 7: "(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive" doesn't fit exactly—that's like a round in boxing. But in soccer, you might speak of "rounds" of a tournament (e.g., the group stage, the round of 16, quarter-finals). However, the WordNet glosses don't have an explicit "round of a tournament" sense. But sense 7 is "(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive" with synonyms "turn, bout". That doesn't seem right. Sense 4 is "(often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order)" which is about doctors or postmen making rounds. That doesn't fit soccer. Sense 2: "an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs", like a cycle. That could be a phase in a sequence of tournament stages? Not quite.

Given that the text is about accumulating cards and the risk of missing future games, and the phrase "passing rounds" likely means advancing through tournament stages. I recall that in soccer contexts, "round" often refers to a round of matches, like "the next round" (the next stage). WordNet might label that as a sports division, but sense 7 seems more like a turn at offense. Actually, sense 7 definition: "(sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive" seems to be from sports like baseball (a half-inning) or cricket. It might also be used for a round of a tournament, but that's stretching it. I should check: WordNet for round does include a sense for a tournament round? There is no explicit "round of a tournament" here. But sense 2 could be interpreted: a cycle of events, like a round of a tournament (a stage in a recurring sequence of matches). However, the context is about "passing rounds", meaning they advance to subsequent rounds. It's definitely a stage of a competition. The synonyms for sense 2 are "cycle, rhythm", and examples are "the never-ending cycle of the seasons". That could metaphorically apply. Sense 1 is about ammunition. Sense 3 is a beat for police. Sense 4 is a professional rounds (doctor). Sense 5 is golf. Sense 6 is daily round. Sense 8 is communications spread. Sense 9 is alcoholic drinks. Sense 10 is beef. Sense 11 is a round song. Sense 12 is applause. Sense 13 is chair rung. Sense 14 is circular mechanism. So none specifically mention tournament stages. Yet we only have these options. The most likely is sense 2, because a "round" of a tournament is a stage in a sequence, often recurring (like rounds of a competition: Group stage, Round of 16, Quarter-finals, etc., each is a round). Also, the example in the prompt for sense 2: "the never-ending cycle of the seasons" is not sports, but the definition "an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs" fits a tournament round: each round is a phase. Sense 7 is sports-related but about one team on offense, like a bout; I'm not sure if that's typical for soccer stages. The prompt says "sports" in sense 7, so it could apply. But "passing rounds" implies multiple stages. Sense 2 is better because it's a recurring sequence.

Let's read the sentence carefully: "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." The action they're describing is players deliberately getting yellow cards in one game so that they miss the next game, thereby carrying clean slate into the next phase. They mention "the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game." They talk about "the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle." So "rounds" here may be the stages of card accumulation resetting. But "passing rounds" could refer to advancing through the tournament rounds (the knockout stages). Actually, the text says: "The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game." So they want to start the next phase clean. Then: "But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." So by passing rounds (the tournament rounds), the advantage is not clear. So it's tournament round stages.

Thus sense 2 (cycle) seems right. Sense 7 (sports: a division during which one team is on the offensive) is not a common way to phrase "passing rounds". Sense 7 might be used in like a boxing round or a round in fencing, not "passing rounds". So I'll go with sense 2.

We'll output JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: advantage
Target surface form: advantage
Context:
Another question is what type of advantage the violators obtained in the actions deliberately carried out. Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an <t>advantage</t>. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=advantage%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of having a superior or more favorable position | synonyms=vantage | examples=the experience gave him the advantage over me
2. sense_key=advantage%1:23:00:: | definition=(tennis) first point scored after deuce
3. sense_key=advantage%1:07:01:: | definition=benefit resulting from some event or action | synonyms=reward | examples=it turned out to my advantage; reaping the rewards of generosity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "advantage" in the given context. The target word appears as "<t>advantage</t>" in the sentence: "So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage." The context discusses a situation in sports where players deliberately get yellow cards to miss a game and thus enter the next phase without cards, potentially avoiding future suspensions. The question is whether this is truly an "advantage".

Let's examine the three candidate senses:
- Sense 1: the quality of having a superior or more favorable position (synonyms: vantage). Example: "the experience gave him the advantage over me".
- Sense 2: (tennis) first point scored after deuce. This is a specific sports term, not applicable here.
- Sense 3: benefit resulting from some event or action (synonyms: reward). Example: "it turned out to my advantage; reaping the rewards of generosity".

In the context, "advantage" is used in a general sense of a benefit or favorable outcome that the players might gain from their actions. The text talks about a "long term advantage" and questions whether it is really an advantage. It does not refer to a superior position in comparison to a rival (sense 1) nor to the tennis term (sense 2). Sense 3 fits well: a benefit resulting from the action (getting cards deliberately to clear them for next phase). The example "it turned out to my advantage" aligns with the idea that something might be an advantage or not.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 3.

Answer: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: action
Target surface form: actions
Context:
Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those <t>actions</t> are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law
9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "action" with surface form "actions" in a specific context. The context discusses a situation in a game (likely a sport, perhaps football/soccer) where players commit actions (like deliberate fouls or such) to get cards and thus serve a suspension early, to have a clean slate for later phases. The text explicitly says: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules." The actions refer to the players' conduct on the field.

We need to choose the correct WordNet sense. Let's evaluate each candidate:

1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: definition: something done (usually as opposed to something said) examples: there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions. This is a general sense: an act, a deed, something done. In context: "the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players." "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit." So actions here are things done by players, not said. This fits.

2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: definition: the state of being active synonyms: activity, activeness examples: his sphere of activity; he is out of action. This is about being in a state of activity, not a specific act. The context uses "actions" plural, meaning specific acts. Not this.

3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: definition: a military engagement examples: he saw action in Korea. Not military.

4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: definition: a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) examples: the action of natural forces; volcanic activity. Not natural processes; here they are human actions.

5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: definition: the series of events that form a plot examples: his novels always have a lot of action. Not about plot.

6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: definition: the trait of being active and energetic and forceful examples: a man of action. Not a trait.

7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: definition: the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism examples: the piano had a very stiff action. Not mechanical.

8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: definition: a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; legal action. Not legal.

9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: definition: an act by a government body or supranational organization examples: recent federal action... Not this; it's about players, not government.

10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: definition: the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field examples: the action is no longer in technology stocks... Not this.

The only plausible one is sense 1: something done (usually as opposed to something said). It fits perfectly: the players' actions (deeds) on the field. The examples also show "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions", which is about deeds. So the best indexed sense is 1.

Return {"sense_index": 1}

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: part
Target surface form: part
Context:
Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is <t>part</t> of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript
2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together
3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite
4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part
5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world
6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part
7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona
8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash
9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company
10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting | examples=his part was right in the middle
11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice | examples=he tried to sing the tenor part
12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are tasked with performing word sense disambiguation for the target word "part". The context is: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules."

We need to choose the best sense from 12 candidate senses provided.

Let's analyze the sentence: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules."

Here "which is part of the strategic decisions..." refers to "sporting spirit" being part of the strategic decisions. So "part" here means something like a component or element that is included in a larger whole. The phrase "part of" indicates that the sporting spirit is one aspect or constituent of the strategic decisions. So we want a sense meaning a component or a constituent of something larger.

Now look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=part%1:24:00:: | definition=something determined in relation to something that includes it | synonyms=portion, component part, component, constituent | examples=he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself; I read a portion of the manuscript

This sense is about something being a part of a larger whole, like a component. The examples show "feel a part of something bigger" and "portion of the manuscript". It seems metaphorical (not physical, could be abstract). The definition: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" fits: sporting spirit is something that is part of (included in) strategic decisions.

2. sense_key=part%1:06:00:: | definition=something less than the whole of a human artifact | synonyms=portion | examples=the rear part of the house; glue the two parts together — This is about physical parts of artifacts, not abstract.

3. sense_key=part%1:17:00:: | definition=a portion of a natural object | synonyms=piece | examples=they analyzed the river into three parts; he needed a piece of granite — natural object, physical.

4. sense_key=part%1:09:02:: | definition=that which concerns a person with regard to a particular role or situation | examples=it requires vigilance on our part; they resisted every effort on his part — This is the "on someone's part" sense, not applicable.

5. sense_key=part%1:15:00:: | definition=the extended spatial location of something | synonyms=region | examples=the farming regions of France; religions in all parts of the world — spatial region.

6. sense_key=part%1:04:01:: | definition=the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group | synonyms=function, office, role | examples=the function of a teacher; the government must do its part — role or function.

7. sense_key=part%1:09:01:: | definition=an actor's portrayal of someone in a play | synonyms=character, role, theatrical role, persona | examples=she played the part of Desdemona — acting role.

8. sense_key=part%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, percentage | examples=he wanted his share in cash — share of assets.

9. sense_key=part%1:09:00:: | definition=one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole | synonyms=section, division | examples=the written part of the exam; the finance section of the company — abstract parts that together form a whole, like sections.

10. sense_key=part%1:08:01:: | definition=a line of scalp that can be seen when sections of hair are combed in opposite directions | synonyms=parting — hair part.

11. sense_key=part%1:10:00:: | definition=the melody carried by a particular voice or instrument in polyphonic music | synonyms=voice — musical part.

12. sense_key=part%1:04:03:: | definition=the part played by a person in bringing about a result | synonyms=contribution, share | examples=I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project; they all did their share of the work — contribution or role in a result.

Now, we need the sense that fits "sporting spirit is part of the strategic decisions". This means sporting spirit is a component or element of those decisions. It is not about physical parts, roles, shares, or spatial regions. The most fitting is sense 1: "something determined in relation to something that includes it" with synonyms component, constituent. Also sense 9: "one of the portions into which something is regarded as divided and which together constitute a whole" could also fit. But let's compare. Sense 1 is more abstract and general: something that is included in a larger whole, often not necessarily a clear division (like feeling part of a group). Sense 9 seems to imply a division of a whole into distinct sections (like written part of exam, finance section of company). The context says "part of the strategic decisions" – it doesn't sound like strategic decisions are divided into sections; rather, sporting spirit is one aspect that is included or integrated into those decisions. The phrase "which is part of the strategic decisions" suggests it is a constituent or component, not necessarily a distinct division. Sense 1's examples: "he wanted to feel a part of something bigger than himself" is more about being included. Also, the synonyms "component part, component, constituent" fit well. Sense 9's synonyms "section, division" might be less perfect. So I think sense 1 is the best.

Also, note that sense 1 is a very broad sense, and often WordNet's first sense for "part" is the most common one for "a piece of a whole". In many disambiguation tasks, sense 1 is the "portion, component" sense. So I'll go with sense 1.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index":

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decision
Target surface form: decisions
Context:
Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic <t>decisions</t> that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decision%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making up your mind about something | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly
2. sense_key=decision%1:09:00:: | definition=a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account
3. sense_key=decision%1:11:02:: | definition=(boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred | examples=had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over his opponent
4. sense_key=decision%1:11:01:: | definition=the outcome of a game or contest | examples=the team dropped three decisions in a row
5. sense_key=decision%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose | synonyms=decisiveness | examples=a man of unusual decisiveness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "decision" with surface form "decisions" in the given context. We have five candidate senses with definitions, synonyms, and examples. We need to choose the best indexed sense based on the context.

Let's analyze the context: The text talks about strategic decisions in sports, where players choose to receive a sanction (a card) at an advantageous time to clear their accumulation, allowing them to be available for future games. The sentence: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic <t>decisions</t> that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules." Here, "decisions" refers to choices made by the team/players about when to incur a sanction. It's about the act of making up their mind or choosing a course of action from among alternatives.

Now, evaluate each sense:

1. sense_key=decision%1:04:00:: definition: "the act of making up your mind about something" synonyms: determination, conclusion. This matches well: the players made a strategic decision about when to obey the sanction. The context emphasizes the act of deciding.

2. sense_key=decision%1:09:00:: definition: "a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration" synonyms: determination, conclusion. This refers to the resulting judgment, not the act. The sentence says "strategic decisions" – it could be either the act or the resulting choice. But note: "decisions that favor taking advantages" – here, "decisions" is plural, and it seems to refer to the choices made, i.e., the specific strategic moves. However, the focus might be on the act of deciding strategically, rather than the outcome opinion. The context says: "the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it." The word "chosen" highlights the act of making a choice. So sense 1 (act of making up your mind) might be more appropriate.

3. sense_key=decision%1:11:02:: (boxing) a victory won on points. Not relevant.

4. sense_key=decision%1:11:01:: the outcome of a game or contest. Example: "the team dropped three decisions in a row." Here, "decisions" refers to losses, but in our context, it's not about game outcomes; it's about strategic choices within the game. So not this.

5. sense_key=decision%1:07:00:: the trait of resoluteness (decisiveness). Not relevant; it's about a personal quality, not strategic choices.

So between sense 1 and sense 2: Sense 1 emphasizes the act, sense 2 emphasizes the resulting position/judgment. In the sentence: "part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages" – these are specific instances of deciding strategically. They are actions, not static judgments. Also, the context overall describes the process of choosing when to receive a card. So sense 1 is more fitting.

Moreover, the example for sense 1: "the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly" – that aligns with the act. For sense 2: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account" – that sounds more like a formal ruling or judgment. In sports, a referee's decision is sense 2, but here it's the team's own strategic choice, so sense 1.

Thus, I'll choose index 1.

Now, return JSON with {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rule
Target surface form: rules
Context:
Here it seems necessary to state that it isn't a disadvantageous situation for rival nor is an obtained benefit in the same game, because evidently the result of the action supposes leaving their own team with less players. And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the <t>rules</t>. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rule%1:09:00:: | definition=a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior | synonyms=regulation | examples=it was his rule to take a walk before breakfast; short haircuts were the regulation
2. sense_key=rule%1:09:01:: | definition=something regarded as a normative example | synonyms=convention, normal, pattern, formula | examples=the convention of not naming the main character; violence is the rule not the exception
3. sense_key=rule%1:10:00:: | definition=prescribed guide for conduct or action | synonyms=prescript
4. sense_key=rule%1:10:01:: | definition=(linguistics) a rule describing (or prescribing) a linguistic practice | synonyms=linguistic rule
5. sense_key=rule%1:09:03:: | definition=a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct | synonyms=principle | examples=their principles of composition characterized all their works
6. sense_key=rule%1:28:00:: | definition=the duration of a monarch's or government's power | examples=during the rule of Elizabeth
7. sense_key=rule%1:26:00:: | definition=dominance or power through legal authority | synonyms=dominion | examples=France held undisputed dominion over vast areas of Africa; the rule of Caesar
8. sense_key=rule%1:10:02:: | definition=directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted | examples=he knew the rules of chess
9. sense_key=rule%1:10:03:: | definition=any one of a systematic body of regulations defining the way of life of members of a religious order | examples=the rule of St. Dominic
10. sense_key=rule%1:09:02:: | definition=a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system | synonyms=principle | examples=the principle of the conservation of mass; the principle of jet propulsion
11. sense_key=rule%1:09:04:: | definition=(mathematics) a standard procedure for solving a class of mathematical problems | synonyms=formula | examples=he determined the upper bound with Descartes' rule of signs; he gave us a general formula for attacking polynomials
12. sense_key=rule%1:06:00:: | definition=measuring stick consisting of a strip of wood or metal or plastic with a straight edge that is used for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths | synonyms=ruler

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "rule" with surface form "rules" in a specific context. We need to choose the best sense from the candidate list. The context is about sports, specifically actions against the sporting spirit but allowed by the rules. It mentions "strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the <t>rules</t>." This clearly refers to official regulations of a game or sport. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. general principle governing behavior (regulation)
2. normative example (convention)
3. prescribed guide for conduct or action (prescript)
4. linguistic rule
5. basic generalization accepted as true (principle)
6. duration of power
7. dominance through legal authority
8. directions defining a game or sport (rules of chess)
9. regulations for a religious order
10. rule about natural phenomena (principle)
11. mathematical procedure (formula)
12. measuring stick (ruler)

The context is about a game (soccer/football, likely, talking about cards, sanctions, championship). So sense 8, "directions that define the way a game or sport is to be conducted," is the most appropriate. The example "he knew the rules of chess" matches. The target is "rules" in a sporting context. Therefore, the best indexed sense is 8.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 8}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: assumption
Target surface form: assumption
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this <t>assumption</t>, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=assumption%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn | synonyms=premise, premiss | examples=on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play
2. sense_key=assumption%1:09:00:: | definition=a hypothesis that is taken for granted | synonyms=supposition, supposal | examples=any society is built upon certain assumptions
3. sense_key=assumption%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of taking possession of or power over something | synonyms=laying claim | examples=his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba; the Nazi assumption of power in 1934
4. sense_key=assumption%1:28:00:: | definition=celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church | synonyms=Assumption of Mary, August 15
5. sense_key=assumption%1:11:00:: | definition=(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended
6. sense_key=assumption%1:07:00:: | definition=audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to | synonyms=presumption, presumptuousness, effrontery | examples=he despised them for their presumptuousness
7. sense_key=assumption%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of assuming or taking for granted | examples=your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a sentence: "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it." The target word is "assumption" and we need to choose the best sense from the seven options.

Let's analyze the context. The text discusses a sporting situation where players might be taking advantage of rules, but they are not avoiding sanctions; they are choosing when to obey them. The phrase "Regarding this assumption" refers to some assumption made earlier. The previous sentences talk about strategies regarding cards and sanctions. It seems like "assumption" here means a supposition or belief that something is true. The context: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction ... but rather chosen when to obey it." So, "this assumption" likely refers to a belief or premise that the players were acting in a certain way. It's not about taking possession (sense 3), not about a religious event (senses 4 and 5), not about arrogant behavior (sense 6). Sense 7 is "the act of assuming or taking for granted" with example "your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted." That fits: "Regarding this assumption" means regarding the act of assuming something. Sense 1 is about a logical premise, and sense 2 is about a hypothesis taken for granted. Sense 7 specifically is "the act of assuming or taking for granted," which is a bit different from the assumption itself. But the sentence says "this assumption" - it could be the thing assumed. Let's see the distinction: sense 1 is a statement assumed to be true (a premise), sense 2 is a hypothesis taken for granted (supposition), sense 7 is the act of assuming. In the context, "Regarding this assumption" likely means regarding this supposition. The phrase "this assumption" points to something previously mentioned. The previous sentence: "Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules." There might be an assumption that players are acting in a certain way. So, it's a specific hypothesis or belief. Sense 2: "a hypothesis that is taken for granted" seems appropriate. Sense 1 is more about a logical premise from which a conclusion is drawn. That could also fit if an argument is being made. The examples for sense 1: "on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer..." That is similar. Sense 2 example: "any society is built upon certain assumptions." That is more about a foundational belief. Here, they are referring to a specific assumption about players' actions. I think sense 1 and sense 2 are close, but sense 1 emphasizes the role in reasoning, while sense 2 is a general supposition. The context seems to be discussing the reasoning behind the players' actions. The phrase "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act..." suggests that the assumption is something like "the players were trying to avoid the sanction." But then it's clarified that they were not. So it's a premise that is being examined. I'd lean towards sense 1: a statement assumed to be true from which a conclusion can be drawn. But sense 7 is "the act of assuming" - that would be odd because they say "Regarding this assumption" - "this" would refer to the act, not the content. More likely it refers to the assumed proposition. So I'll go with sense 1 or 2.

Let's see the exact wording: sense 1: definition=a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn. synonyms=premise, premiss. examples=on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not to play.
Sense 2: definition=a hypothesis that is taken for granted. synonyms=supposition, supposal. examples=any society is built upon certain assumptions.

In the text, they say "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction ... but rather chosen when to obey it." This is clarifying that the assumption is not true. So it's a supposition that was held. I think sense 2 is the most general and fits well. Sense 1 is more about a logical premise in an argument. The text is not making a formal argument with premises and conclusions; it's just talking about a strategy and an assumption about their actions. So sense 2 is likely better.

Sense 7: "the act of assuming" would be paraphrase as "Regarding this act of assuming, ..." which doesn't fit smoothly. So I'll pick sense 2.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 2.

Let's double-check: The context is about a sporting strategic decision, and the assumption is that the players were trying to avoid the sanction. That is a hypothesis taken for granted. The example for sense 2 is "any society is built upon certain assumptions," which is similar in that it's a foundational belief. Here it's a specific belief about the players' motives. So sense 2.

Therefore, answer: {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: player
Target surface form: players
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the <t>players</t> did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=player%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who participates in or is skilled at some game | synonyms=participant
2. sense_key=player%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession) | synonyms=musician, instrumentalist
3. sense_key=player%1:18:00:: | definition=a theatrical performer | synonyms=actor, histrion, thespian, role player
4. sense_key=player%1:18:04:: | definition=a person who pursues a number of different social and sexual partners simultaneously
5. sense_key=player%1:18:03:: | definition=an important participant (as in a business deal) | examples=he was a major player in setting up the corporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "players" in the given context. The context discusses players in a sports/game setting, specifically talking about strategies, sanctions, card accumulations, championship phases, etc. This clearly refers to participants in a game or sport, not musicians, actors, or other meanings.

Sense 1: "a person who participates in or is skilled at some game" – this fits perfectly. The context mentions "the next game", "the Championship", "cards", "sanction game", "sporting spirit", "strategic decisions", etc. All of these indicate sports players.

The other senses:
2: musician – no connection.
3: actor – no connection.
4: a person who pursues different social/sexual partners – no.
5: important participant in a business deal – the example "major player in setting up the corporation" – but here the context is clearly about sports/games, not business.

Thus sense_index 1 is best.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: application
Target surface form: application
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the <t>application</t> of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=application%1:04:02:: | definition=the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose | synonyms=practical application | examples=he advocated the application of statistics to the problem; a novel application of electronics to medical diagnosis
2. sense_key=application%1:10:00:: | definition=a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school | examples=December 31 is the deadline for applications
3. sense_key=application%1:04:03:: | definition=the work of applying something | synonyms=coating, covering | examples=the doctor prescribed a topical application of iodine; a complete bleach requires several applications
4. sense_key=application%1:10:01:: | definition=a program that gives a computer instructions that provide the user with tools to accomplish a task | synonyms=application program, applications programme | examples=he has tried several different word processing applications
5. sense_key=application%1:06:00:: | definition=liquid preparation having a soothing or antiseptic or medicinal action when applied to the skin | synonyms=lotion | examples=a lotion for dry skin
6. sense_key=application%1:04:01:: | definition=a diligent effort | synonyms=diligence | examples=it is a job requiring serious application
7. sense_key=application%1:04:00:: | definition=the action of putting something into operation | examples=the application of maximum thrust; massage has far-reaching medical applications

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "application" and the surface form "application". The context is: "the players did not act in order to avoid the <t>application</t> of the sanction". We need to choose the best indexed sense from the list.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. sense_index corresponds to first in list: 1. "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" (practical application) – e.g., application of statistics.
2. verbal or written request for assistance, employment, admission.
3. the work of applying something (coating, covering) – e.g., topical application of iodine.
4. computer program.
5. liquid preparation (lotion).
6. diligent effort.
7. the action of putting something into operation – e.g., application of maximum thrust.

The context phrase: "application of the sanction". This means the sanction is being applied. That is an action of putting something into operation, or bringing something to bear. Which sense is most appropriate?

Sense 1: "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" – synonyms: practical application. Example: "he advocated the application of statistics to the problem". This seems fitting: application of a sanction is bringing it to bear, imposing it.

Sense 7: "the action of putting something into operation" – examples: "the application of maximum thrust", "massage has far-reaching medical applications". This also seems similar. But note the difference: sense 1 focuses on "using it for a particular purpose", while sense 7 is more about putting into operation. For a sanction, we "apply" it, meaning we impose it, carry it out. Sense 7's definition matches "the action of putting something into operation". Sanction is a punitive measure put into operation.

But let's check: sense 1 is tagged as noun.act (act), sense 7 is noun.act (action). Both are actions. In the context, "the application of the sanction" refers to the enforcement or imposition of the sanction. It is the act of applying the sanction. So both 1 and 7 could be plausible. Which one is more precise? Sense 1: "the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose" – a sanction is used for the purpose of punishment. Sense 7: "the action of putting something into operation" – more straightforward: the sanction is put into operation. However, WordNet often has fine distinctions. In the examples: sense 1 uses "application of statistics" (using statistics for a purpose), sense 7 uses "application of maximum thrust" (putting thrust into operation). For a sanction, it's more like putting something into effect. I'd say both are close. But sense 7's definition is "the action of putting something into operation", which is exactly what "application of the sanction" means: the sanction is put into operation, enforced.

Also, look at synonyms: sense 1 has "practical application"; sense 7 has no synonym. The context "application of the sanction" is a common phrase, like "application of the law", which aligns with putting into operation. I lean towards sense 7 because the definition "putting something into operation" fits the imposition of a sanction directly, whereas sense 1 is about using something for a purpose, which is a bit broader. But note that sense 7 is noun.act (action), sense 1 is noun.act (act). The sense keys: application%1:04:00:: (sense 7) is from the noun.act file, as is application%1:04:02:: (sense 1). There might be a subtle difference: 04:00 is the base "action" sense, while 04:02 is "the act of bringing something to bear". For "sanction", both seem possible. Let's see if there's any disambiguation clue in the context: "the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it." So the players did not avoid the sanction being applied; they just chose when to obey it. So "application" here means the enforcement/imposition. The phrase "application of the sanction" is a legal/administrative action. I think sense 7 is the most general and appropriate: "the action of putting something into operation." For example, "the application of the law" is listed in dictionaries under a similar definition.

Checking the examples: sense 7 has "massage has far-reaching medical applications" – that's a bit different (it's more about uses). But "application of maximum thrust" is directly comparable: putting thrust into operation. So sense 7 seems right.

Maybe we should also consider sense 1's examples: "he advocated the application of statistics to the problem" – that's like applying a method to a problem, which is using it for a purpose. "Application of the sanction" is not so much using the sanction for a purpose; it's imposing it. So sense 7 is better.

Thus, I choose sense_index: 7.

But the instruction says: "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we need the index number from the candidate list. The list is numbered 1 through 7. So sense 7 corresponds to index 7. Thus {"sense_index": 7}.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: case
Context:
And neither is it a useful strategy for the next game, because the club will not be able to count on those players. The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear <t>case</t> of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the text: "this would have been a clear <t>case</t> of legal fraud". The target word is "case". We need to choose the best indexed sense from the 20 provided.

Let's analyze the context: "Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear <t>case</t> of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it." The phrase "case of legal fraud" suggests that "case" here refers to an instance or example of something. Looking at the options:

1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection)
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities)
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items

The relevant senses are 1 and 2, both of which could apply to "case of legal fraud". Sense 1 is "an occurrence of something" with synonyms "instance, example" and an example "it was a case of bad judgment". Sense 2 is "a special set of circumstances" with synonym "event" and examples "in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled". In the context, "legal fraud" is an instance of a type of behavior. The phrase "a clear case of legal fraud" uses "case" to mean an instance or example, rather than a special set of circumstances. Sense 1 aligns well with "instance, example" and the example "it was a case of bad judgment". Sense 2 is more about a scenario or event, but "case of" often indicates an instance, as in "a case of the flu" or "a case of bad judgment". Sense 1 explicitly gives "instance, example" as synonyms. Therefore, sense 1 is the best match.

Index is 1-based in the provided list? The list is numbered 1 to 20. So sense 1 is indexed as 1.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decision
Target surface form: decision
Context:
The advantage, obviously, consists in the fact that the players will begin the following phase of the Championship without cards that could threaten their participation in a future game. But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic <t>decision</t> without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decision%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of making up your mind about something | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=the burden of decision was his; he drew his conclusions quickly
2. sense_key=decision%1:09:00:: | definition=a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration | synonyms=determination, conclusion | examples=a decision unfavorable to the opposition; his conclusion took the evidence into account
3. sense_key=decision%1:11:02:: | definition=(boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred | examples=had little trouble in taking a unanimous decision over his opponent
4. sense_key=decision%1:11:01:: | definition=the outcome of a game or contest | examples=the team dropped three decisions in a row
5. sense_key=decision%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose | synonyms=decisiveness | examples=a man of unusual decisiveness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "decision" in the given context. The target surface form is "decision" and appears in the context as "They made a strategic <t>decision</t> without avoiding the punishment."

We need to choose the best indexed sense from the five candidate senses provided. We return a JSON with the sense index.

Let's analyze the context. The overall passage discusses a strategic decision in a sports context (championship, players, cards, suspension by card accumulation). The specific sentence: "They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment." This refers to an act of choosing when to obey a sanction, a calculated choice.

Now, candidate senses:

1. decision%1:04:00:: | the act of making up your mind about something | synonyms: determination, conclusion. This is about the process or act of deciding.

2. decision%1:09:00:: | a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration | synonyms: determination, conclusion. This is about the conclusion or judgment itself.

3. decision%1:11:02:: | (boxing) a victory won on points when no knockout has occurred. This is a specific sports term in boxing, not relevant.

4. decision%1:11:01:: | the outcome of a game or contest. This is about a result in sports, e.g., win/loss. Not relevant.

5. decision%1:07:00:: | the trait of resoluteness as evidenced by firmness of character or purpose | synonyms: decisiveness. This is about the personality trait.

In the sentence, "They made a strategic decision" clearly refers to the act of making a choice, the process of deciding. "Made a decision" is a common phrase indicating the act of deciding. The context talks about the action of choosing when to obey punishment, so it's about the act, not the resulting judgment or the trait. The synonyms "determination, conclusion" can apply to both acts and results, but here the focus is on the making. The example for sense 1: "the burden of decision was his" fits the act. For sense 2: "a decision unfavorable to the opposition" is more about the content of the decision. Here, "strategic decision" emphasizes the act of deciding strategically, not the particular opinion they arrived at. So sense 1 is more appropriate.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: law
Target surface form: law
Context:
But it is about a long term advantage, with a certain degree of indetermination, because the team can be eliminated first of change, and in addition with this action the players fulfil a sanction game and go to the second cycle of cards, in which the suspension by card accumulation takes place with one less than in the first cycle. So that, by passing rounds, it is not so clear that it is an advantage. Those actions are really against the sporting spirit, which is part of the strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules. Regarding this assumption, the players did not act in order to avoid the application of the sanction (this would have been a clear case of legal fraud), but rather chosen when to obey it. They made a strategic decision without avoiding the punishment. Although the border between the wittiness and the <t>law</t> fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness. The controversy seems to arise from two factors: because it was about two auto expulsions and the way the transmission of the directive was carried out to cause them.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=law%1:14:00:: | definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence | examples=civilization presupposes respect for the law; the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order
2. sense_key=law%1:10:00:: | definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping
3. sense_key=law%1:09:00:: | definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society | synonyms=natural law
4. sense_key=law%1:09:01:: | definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature | synonyms=law of nature | examples=the laws of thermodynamics
5. sense_key=law%1:09:02:: | definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do | synonyms=jurisprudence, legal philosophy
6. sense_key=law%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system | synonyms=practice of law | examples=he studied law at Yale
7. sense_key=law%1:14:01:: | definition=the force of policemen and officers | synonyms=police, police force, constabulary | examples=the law came looking for him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "law" in the given context. The context discusses sporting spirit, strategic decisions, advantages allowed by rules, avoiding punishment, and the border between "wittiness" and "law fraud", and explicitly mentions "law fraud". The target form is "law" in the phrase "the <t>law</t> fraud". The context is about a situation where players exploit rules in a strategic way, not to avoid sanction entirely but to choose when to obey it. The phrase "law fraud" suggests a kind of fraud related to the law/rules.

Let's check the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=law%1:14:00:: | definition=the collection of rules imposed by authority | synonyms=jurisprudence | examples=civilization presupposes respect for the law; the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order

This refers to the legal system, the set of rules imposed by authority (government). In context, "law fraud" could mean fraud against the legal system or rules. But the context is about sporting rules, not necessarily civil law. However, the phrase "law fraud" might be a general term for fraud against the rules. Also, the example "civilization presupposes respect for the law" fits.

2. sense_key=law%1:10:00:: | definition=legal document setting forth rules governing a particular kind of activity | examples=there is a law against kidnapping

This is a specific statute or law (a legal document). "Law fraud" would refer to fraud against a specific law? But the context is about rules in a game/sport, not a statute. The phrase "law fraud" might refer to fraud against a particular rule, but this sense is more about a written law (like a law against kidnapping). The context says "the application of the sanction" and "rules". This might be a specific rule, but sense 1 is more general.

3. sense_key=law%1:09:00:: | definition=a rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society | synonyms=natural law

This is natural law, moral law inherent in human nature. Not likely in the context of sporting rules and strategic decisions.

4. sense_key=law%1:09:01:: | definition=a generalization that describes recurring facts or events in nature | synonyms=law of nature | examples=the laws of thermodynamics

Scientific laws of nature. Not relevant.

5. sense_key=law%1:09:02:: | definition=the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do | synonyms=jurisprudence, legal philosophy

This is legal philosophy, jurisprudence as an academic field. The context says "the border between wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness." "Law fraud" might refer to fraud in the legal sense, but the context is about strategic decisions within a game's rules. However, "law" here could mean the rules of the game. Sense 1 (collection of rules imposed by authority) fits better for rules of a game? The game has rules, which are like laws in a microcosm. Also, the phrase "legal fraud" is mentioned explicitly: "this would have been a clear case of legal fraud". So "law fraud" is likely synonymous with "legal fraud". The author is comparing "wittiness" (cleverness, wit? actually "wittiness" might mean wit, cleverness) with "law fraud". So "law" here refers to the rules/laws that are being cleverly exploited. Sense 1 (collection of rules imposed by authority) seems most appropriate. It is about rules imposed by authority (the game's governing body or the rules themselves). The example "civilization presupposes respect for the law" is about general laws, but the definition fits any system of rules imposed by authority.

6. sense_key=law%1:04:00:: | definition=the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system | synonyms=practice of law | examples=he studied law at Yale

This is the profession of being a lawyer. Not relevant. "law fraud" would not mean fraud by lawyers, but fraud against the law? In context, it's about players exploiting rules, not lawyers.

7. sense_key=law%1:14:01:: | definition=the force of policemen and officers | synonyms=police, police force, constabulary | examples=the law came looking for him

This is the police. Not relevant.

Now, the context: "Although the border between the wittiness and the law fraud is diffuse, in this occasion I believe it was a clear case of wittiness." The phrase "law fraud" is used. Earlier: "this would have been a clear case of legal fraud". So "law fraud" and "legal fraud" are equivalent. The word "legal" refers to law. So sense 1 is the best fit because "legal" pertains to the law as a system of rules. Sense 2 could also be "legal document", but "law fraud" doesn't typically mean fraud against a specific statute; it's fraud against the legal system or rules in general. In context, the players are exploiting the rules of the game (sanctions, cards). These rules are like laws in that context. So the best sense is the collection of rules imposed by authority (sense 1).

Now, check the WordNet sense keys and definitions. The target word "law" in the phrase is "law fraud". The context is about a game's rules. So sense 1: the collection of rules imposed by authority. It fits: the rules of the game are imposed by authority (the sport's governing body). The example "civilization presupposes respect for the law" is about society, but the definition is broad enough to include any system of rules. Sense 1 also has synonym "jurisprudence", which might not fit perfectly, but the definition is what matters. Sense 2 is "legal document", which is more specific. The context says "the application of the sanction", "allowed by the rules", "strategic decisions that favor taking advantages allowed by the rules". So it's about rules, not a specific document. The phrase "law fraud" is used to mean fraud against the rules/law. I'll go with sense 1.

Thus, sense_index = 1.

provider: Wafer