[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: problem
Target surface form: problems
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the <t>problems</t> at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "problem" with surface form "problems" in a specific context. The context: "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the <t>problems</t> at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities."

We need to disambiguate "problems" in the phrase "the problems at home were not already enough". We have three candidate senses:

1. sense_key=problem%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved | synonyms=job | examples=she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him
2. sense_key=problem%1:10:00:: | definition=a question raised for consideration or solution | examples=our homework consisted of ten problems to solve
3. sense_key=problem%1:09:00:: | definition=a source of difficulty | synonyms=trouble | examples=one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?

We need to choose the best sense. The context talks about "problems at home" meaning difficulties the bank is facing domestically (in Germany). The surrounding text mentions "Fresh trouble", "uproar", "fine", "disputes", "financial crisis". It's clearly about difficulties, not just questions or puzzles. Sense 3: "a source of difficulty" with synonyms "trouble" and examples like "one trouble after another" fits well. Sense 1: "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" is also close, but the example "she and her husband are having problems" is more about a situation needing resolution. Sense 2 is about a question for consideration, like homework problems, which doesn't fit. Between 1 and 3: sense 3 emphasizes a source of difficulty, which might be more like "one trouble after another" - but in context, "the problems at home" are the difficulties themselves, not just sources. However, note that "problems" can be synonymous with "troubles". The phrase "problems at home" is like "difficulties at home". Sense 1 is "a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved" and is often used for personal or ongoing issues. Sense 3 is "a source of difficulty" and synonyms "trouble". Both could work. Let's look at examples: Sense 1: "she and her husband are having problems; it is always a job to contact him" - here "having problems" means experiencing a state of difficulty. Sense 3: "one trouble after another delayed the job; what's the problem?" - "what's the problem?" is asking for the source of difficulty. In our sentence: "As if the problems at home were not already enough..." Here "problems" refers to the existing difficulties (the uproar, etc.). It's more like a state of affairs that is problematic. The phrase "at home" suggests the domestic issues. The context also says "Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar" - so they are using "trouble" as a synonym. This points to sense 3, because "trouble" is a direct synonym. Also, the example "one trouble after another" matches the idea of problems piling up. So I lean towards sense 3: a source of difficulty. But let's double-check: The WordNet synsets: problem%1:09:00:: is the one with "trouble" as a synonym, and the example "what's the problem?" which is often used to ask about the source of a difficulty. In our context, "the problems at home" are the troubles (sources of difficulty) that Deutsche Bank is facing. So sense 3 is the best fit.

Now, we need to output JSON with the index of the chosen sense: {"sense_index": 3}.

provider: NextBit


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: home
Target surface form: home
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at <t>home</t> were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=home%1:15:04:: | definition=where you live at a particular time | synonyms=place | examples=deliver the package to my home; he doesn't have a home to go to
2. sense_key=home%1:06:00:: | definition=housing that someone is living in | synonyms=dwelling, domicile, abode, habitation, dwelling house | examples=he built a modest dwelling near the pond; they raise money to provide homes for the homeless
3. sense_key=home%1:15:02:: | definition=the country or state or city where you live | examples=Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home; his home is New Jersey
4. sense_key=home%1:06:02:: | definition=(baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score | synonyms=home plate, home base, plate | examples=he ruled that the runner failed to touch home
5. sense_key=home%1:15:05:: | definition=the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end | synonyms=base
6. sense_key=home%1:15:03:: | definition=place where something began and flourished | examples=the United States is the home of basketball
7. sense_key=home%1:26:00:: | definition=an environment offering affection and security | examples=home is where the heart is; he grew up in a good Christian home
8. sense_key=home%1:14:00:: | definition=a social unit living together | synonyms=family, household, house, menage | examples=he moved his family to Virginia; It was a good Christian household
9. sense_key=home%1:06:01:: | definition=an institution where people are cared for | synonyms=nursing home, rest home | examples=a home for the elderly

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the lemma "home" with the surface form "home" in the given context. The context is about Deutsche Bank facing problems. The specific sentence is: "As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it." Here, "at home" likely refers to the company's home country, i.e., Germany, where it is based (Frankfurt). So "home" here means the country or state where the company is located. This matches sense 3: "the country or state or city where you live", with examples like "Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home; his home is New Jersey". The phrase "at home" commonly contrasts with foreign operations. Thus, sense 3 is the best fit.

The JSON response should be exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Baidu

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: industry
Target surface form: industry
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the <t>industry</t> giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=industry%1:14:00:: | definition=the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise | examples=each industry has its own trade publications
2. sense_key=industry%1:04:00:: | definition=the organized action of making of goods and services for sale | synonyms=manufacture | examples=American industry is making increased use of computers to control production
3. sense_key=industry%1:07:00:: | definition=persevering determination to perform a task | synonyms=diligence, industriousness | examples=his diligence won him quick promotions; frugality and industry are still regarded as virtues

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target lemma "industry" in the given context. The target surface form is "industry". We have three candidate senses from WordNet. We need to choose the single best indexed sense (1, 2, or 3) based on context, examples, synonyms. We must return only a JSON object: {"sense_index": <chosen index>}.

Let's examine the context.

Context: "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA ... Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars ..."

The phrase "the industry giant" refers to Deutsche Bank. Here, "industry" is used as a modifier in "industry giant". So we need to disambiguate the sense of "industry" in this noun phrase. "Industry giant" likely means a giant in a particular industry, i.e., a large and important company in a specific commercial sector. The context mentions banking, financial crisis, mortgage securities, so Deutsche Bank is a giant in the banking industry.

Now, look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=industry%1:14:00:: | definition=the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise | examples=each industry has its own trade publications

2. sense_key=industry%1:04:00:: | definition=the organized action of making of goods and services for sale | synonyms=manufacture | examples=American industry is making increased use of computers to control production

3. sense_key=industry%1:07:00:: | definition=persevering determination to perform a task | synonyms=diligence, industriousness | examples=his diligence won him quick promotions; frugality and industry are still regarded as virtues

Sense 3 is clearly about personal quality (diligence). That doesn't fit the context at all because we're talking about a bank being an "industry giant". So eliminate sense 3.

Now between sense 1 and sense 2. Sense 2 defines industry as the organized action of making goods and services, synonymous with manufacture. The example mentions "American industry" as a whole, i.e., industrial production. This sense is more about the aggregate productive sector, often contrasted with agriculture or services. But Deutsche Bank is in the financial services sector, not manufacturing. In the phrase "industry giant", it refers to a giant in its specific industry (banking/finance). That aligns better with sense 1: "the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise". The example: "each industry has its own trade publications" – this meaning is more about a specific sector or line of business. When we say "the banking industry", we use sense 1. "Industry giant" implies a giant in a particular industry (the banking industry). So sense 1 is the correct one.

Thus, the chosen sense index is 1.

JSON output: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: giant
Target surface form: giant
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry <t>giant</t>'s past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=giant%1:05:00:: | definition=any creature of exceptional size
2. sense_key=giant%1:18:01:: | definition=a person of exceptional importance and reputation | synonyms=colossus, behemoth, heavyweight, titan
3. sense_key=giant%1:14:00:: | definition=an unusually large enterprise | examples=Walton built a retail giant
4. sense_key=giant%1:18:03:: | definition=a very large person; impressive in size or qualities | synonyms=hulk, heavyweight, whale
5. sense_key=giant%1:18:00:: | definition=someone or something that is abnormally large and powerful | synonyms=goliath, behemoth, monster, colossus
6. sense_key=giant%1:18:02:: | definition=an imaginary figure of superhuman size and strength; appears in folklore and fairy tales
7. sense_key=giant%1:17:00:: | definition=a very bright star of large diameter and low density (relative to the Sun) | synonyms=giant star

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate "giant" in the context: "the industry <t>giant</t>'s past". The target word is "giant" and it modifies "industry", referring to Deutsche Bank. The context: "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine... As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it." So "industry giant" means a very large and important company in the industry. This matches sense 3: "an unusually large enterprise" with example "Walton built a retail giant". Synonyms are not provided for that sense, but it's clearly the correct one. The other senses refer to creatures, persons, imaginary figures, or stars, which don't fit. So answer: {"sense_index": 3}.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the <t>USA</t> is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "USA" in the given context. The context is about Deutsche Bank paying a fine in the USA. The candidate senses are two: sense 1 referring to the country, and sense 2 referring to the army. Clearly, in the context, "USA" is used as a location where the fine is being paid. It's about the country, not the army. Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million <t>dollars</t> (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to find the best sense for "dollars" in the given context. The context: "Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes..." Clearly, it refers to a monetary amount, specifically the US dollar, as the fine is in the USA. The amount is large, so it's not a single coin or bill, but the currency unit itself. Sense 1: "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents" fits perfectly. Sense 2 is specifically a piece of paper money worth one dollar, which doesn't fit a multi-million dollar amount. Sense 3 is a coin worth one dollar. Sense 4 is a symbol of greed, not applicable here. So the best sense is sense 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dispute
Target surface form: disputes
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle <t>disputes</t> arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dispute%1:10:00:: | definition=a disagreement or argument about something important | synonyms=difference, difference of opinion, conflict | examples=he had a dispute with his wife; there were irreconcilable differences
2. sense_key=dispute%1:04:00:: | definition=coming into conflict with | synonyms=contravention

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best sense for "disputes" from two candidate senses. The context: "Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." Here, "disputes" clearly refers to legal or financial disagreements, arguments, or conflicts. Sense 1: "a disagreement or argument about something important" fits perfectly. Sense 2: "coming into conflict with" seems more about the act of contravening, which doesn't fit as well. So sense 1 is correct. The response should be a JSON with the sense index 1.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bankruptcy
Target surface form: bankruptcy
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the <t>bankruptcy</t> of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "bankruptcy" in the given context. The context is: "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA ... Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities."

We have three candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

We need to choose the best sense based on context. The context involves "bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis" and the disputes arising from it, related to mortgage securities. This clearly refers to financial bankruptcy, not abstract (like moral bankruptcy). Between sense 2 and 3: sense 2 defines bankruptcy as "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due" with synonyms "failure" and examples about companies declaring bankruptcy, fraudulent loans leading to failure. Sense 3 defines it as "a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent." In the context, it says "settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions." The term "bankruptcy" here likely refers to the state of being unable to pay debts, which leads to legal processes. However, the context is about the event of bankruptcy itself, not necessarily the legal process. The word is used in a general sense. The examples for sense 2 include "the company had to declare bankruptcy" which is very similar to the context. Sense 3 is more specifically the legal process. In typical usage, when we talk about "the bankruptcy of a credit union," we mean the failure/insolvency. Both senses 2 and 3 are related, but sense 2 seems more common for the state/condition. Also, WordNet often splits these. Let's check: sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: has sense number 1:26:00? Actually, WordNet 3.0 has different sense numbers. The definitions: sense 2 "inability to discharge all your debts as they come due" is the general state. Sense 3 "a legal process..." is the legal proceeding. In the context, "disputes arising from the bankruptcy" probably means arising from the failure/insolvency event. It doesn't explicitly mention the legal process, but the legal process is often implied. However, the phrase "bankruptcy of five major credit unions" is like "failure of five major credit unions." The example for sense 2: "fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks" is very similar. Sense 3's example might be more about the legal process itself. Given the context, sense 2 is more directly about the state of being unable to pay debts. So I'll go with sense 2.

The answer should be in JSON format: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: issue
Target surface form: issue
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The <t>issue</t> centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: | definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00:: | definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01:: | definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00:: | definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00:: | definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "issue" and its surface form "issue" in a context. The context is: "Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA ... The <t>issue</t> centres on the sale of mortgage securities." So the sentence containing the target is: "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." This is in the context of a dispute. The text says: "Deutsche Bank will pay ... to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." So "issue" here refers to an important question or matter in dispute, which is the sale of mortgage securities. It's a disputed matter that needs to be settled.

Now we look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled. examples: the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues.

This fits perfectly: the issue is about the sale of mortgage securities, which is a disputed question that the fine is settling. The text says "to settle disputes" and "The issue centres on...".

2. one of a series published periodically (magazine issue). Not applicable.

3. some situation or event that is thought about (topic, subject, matter). This is more general. While it could be a subject, the context is about a dispute that must be settled, so sense 1 is more specific and directly relevant. Sense 3 is "something thought about", not necessarily in dispute. But here it's clearly a question in dispute. The example for sense 1 explicitly mentions "the issue could be settled" and "dispute". So sense 1 is the best.

4. the act of providing (issuing, issuance). Not applicable.

5. supplies issued by the government. Not applicable.

6. profit/return from transactions. Not applicable.

7. consequence, effect, outcome. Not applicable; the issue is the thing being disputed, not a consequence.

8. offspring/progeny. Not applicable.

9. becoming visible/emergence. Not applicable.

10. opening/exit/outlet. Not applicable.

11. publication. Not applicable.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sale
Target surface form: sale
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the <t>sale</t> of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sale%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular instance of selling | examples=he has just made his first sale; they had to complete the sale before the banks closed
2. sense_key=sale%1:04:02:: | definition=the general activity of selling | examples=they tried to boost sales; laws limit the sale of handguns
3. sense_key=sale%1:04:01:: | definition=an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices | synonyms=cut-rate sale, sales event | examples=they held a sale to reduce their inventory; I got some great bargains at their annual sale
4. sense_key=sale%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling | examples=you'll find vitamin C for sale at most pharmacies; the new line of cars will soon be on sale
5. sense_key=sale%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) | synonyms=sales agreement | examples=the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a sentence: "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." Target lemma is "sale". We need to choose the best WordNet sense among five options.

Let's analyze each sense:

1. sense_key=sale%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular instance of selling | examples=he has just made his first sale; they had to complete the sale before the banks closed
   This refers to a specific transaction. In context, "the sale of mortgage securities" could refer to a specific instance of selling those securities. However, the broader context is about past actions by Deutsche Bank, specifically selling mortgage securities with false promises. It might be a specific series of sales. But is it one particular instance? The phrase "the sale" could refer to the act of selling as a general activity.

2. sense_key=sale%1:04:02:: | definition=the general activity of selling | examples=they tried to boost sales; laws limit the sale of handguns
   This sense is about selling in general, often used with terms like "boost sales" or "the sale of handguns". "The sale of mortgage securities" fits here as a general activity: the bank's activity of selling mortgage securities. This seems plausible.

3. sense_key=sale%1:04:01:: | definition=an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices | synonyms=cut-rate sale, sales event | examples=they held a sale to reduce their inventory; I got some great bargains at their annual sale
   This is a discount event. Not applicable here; mortgage securities aren't being sold at a special reduced price in this context. The issue is about misleading sales, not bargain events.

4. sense_key=sale%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being purchasable; offered or exhibited for selling | examples=you'll find vitamin C for sale at most pharmacies; the new line of cars will soon be on sale
   This is the state of being available for purchase. "For sale" or "on sale" constructions. The context says "the sale of mortgage securities", not "for sale" or "on sale". So this doesn't match the syntactic pattern.

5. sense_key=sale%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement (or contract) in which property is transferred from the seller (vendor) to the buyer (vendee) for a fixed price in money (paid or agreed to be paid by the buyer) | synonyms=sales agreement | examples=the salesman faxed the sales agreement to his home office
   This is a legal contract sense, a sales agreement. While it might be relevant in a legal context, the phrase "the sale of mortgage securities" is broader than just the agreement; it's the whole act of selling. After all, the settlement is about disputes arising from the bankruptcy of credit unions, and the issue centers on the sale (the selling activity) of mortgage securities that were misleading. It could be argued that each sale involved an agreement, but sense 5 is specifically the contract itself. The example "the salesman faxed the sales agreement" emphasizes the document. In the context, they're talking about the act of selling, not a specific contract.

Comparing 1 and 2: Sense 1 is "a particular instance of selling" and sense 2 is "the general activity of selling". The phrase "the sale of mortgage securities" can be interpreted either way, but often when referring to a category of things sold, it's the general activity. For example, "the sale of tobacco is restricted" uses sense 2. "The sale of mortgage securities" here refers to the bank's practice of selling these securities over a period, not a single transaction. The NCUA accuses banks of using false promises to mislead credit unions into buying, which implies a pattern of sales. So sense 2 is more appropriate.

Thus, I'll pick sense 2

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market <t>regulator</t>, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given: "regulator" in context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks..." The candidate senses: 1: control device for fluid flow etc.; 2: an official responsible for control and supervision; 3: a control that maintains steady speed in a machine. Clearly, the context is about a financial market regulator, which is an official body. So sense 2 fits: an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity. Return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: string
Target surface form: string
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a <t>string</t> of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=string%1:06:00:: | definition=a lightweight cord | synonyms=twine
2. sense_key=string%1:06:05:: | definition=stringed instruments that are played with a bow | synonyms=bowed stringed instrument | examples=the strings played superlatively well
3. sense_key=string%1:06:03:: | definition=a tightly stretched cord of wire or gut, which makes sound when plucked, struck, or bowed
4. sense_key=string%1:14:00:: | definition=a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding | synonyms=train | examples=a string of islands; train of mourners
5. sense_key=string%1:10:00:: | definition=a linear sequence of symbols (characters or words or phrases)
6. sense_key=string%1:06:01:: | definition=a tie consisting of a cord that goes through a seam around an opening | synonyms=drawstring, drawing string | examples=he pulled the drawstring and closed the bag
7. sense_key=string%1:27:00:: | definition=a tough piece of fiber in vegetables, meat, or other food (especially the tough fibers connecting the two halves of a bean pod)
8. sense_key=string%1:17:00:: | definition=(cosmology) a hypothetical one-dimensional subatomic particle having a concentration of energy and the dynamic properties of a flexible loop | synonyms=cosmic string
9. sense_key=string%1:06:04:: | definition=a collection of objects threaded on a single strand
10. sense_key=string%1:06:02:: | definition=a necklace made by a stringing objects together | synonyms=chain, strand | examples=a string of beads; a strand of pearls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "string" in the context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises..." So the phrase is "a string of major banks". Now we need to choose the best WordNet sense. Candidate senses include: 1: lightweight cord; 2: bowed stringed instruments; 3: tightly stretched cord of wire or gut making sound; 4: a sequentially ordered set of things or events (synonyms=train, examples: a string of islands, train of mourners); 5: linear sequence of symbols; 6: tie consisting of a cord (drawstring); 7: tough piece of fiber in food; 8: cosmic string; 9: collection of objects threaded on a single strand; 10: necklace made by stringing objects together (synonyms=chain, strand; examples: a string of beads; a strand of pearls).

The context is "a string of major banks", meaning a series or sequence of banks. This matches sense 4: "a sequentially ordered set of things or events or ideas in which each successive member is related to the preceding" with synonyms "train" and examples "a string of islands". So sense 4 is the correct one.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major <t>banks</t> of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a target lemma "bank" with surface form "banks" in the context. The context is about Deutsche Bank paying fines, involving financial institutions, mortgage securities, credit unions, etc. The target word is "banks" in the phrase "a string of major banks". Clearly, it refers to financial institutions. Among the candidate senses, sense 2 is "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities", with synonyms like "depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company". That fits perfectly. Sense 9 is "a building in which the business of banking transacted" (bank building), but in context, "major banks" refers to the institutions themselves, not the buildings. So sense 2 is the best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: promise
Target surface form: promises
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false <t>promises</t> to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=promise%1:10:00:: | definition=a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future
2. sense_key=promise%1:09:00:: | definition=grounds for feeling hopeful about the future | synonyms=hope | examples=there is little or no promise that he will recover

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "promises" in the context. The target lemma is "promise", surface form "promises". Context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false <t>promises</t> to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products."

Two candidate senses:
1. sense_key=promise%1:10:00:: | definition=a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future
2. sense_key=promise%1:09:00:: | definition=grounds for feeling hopeful about the future | synonyms=hope | examples=there is little or no promise that he will recover

We need to choose the best sense in context. The context mentions "false promises" used to mislead credit unions into buying products. These are verbal commitments about the financial products, likely promising certain returns or safety. It's about commitments made. Sense 1 fits perfectly: a verbal commitment to do something. Sense 2 is about hope for the future, like "there is promise in this investment", but here it's "false promises" as deceptive statements. So sense 1 is correct.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: value
Target surface form: value
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The <t>value</t> of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=value%1:09:00:: | definition=a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed | examples=the value assigned was 16 milliseconds
2. sense_key=value%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable | examples=the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world
3. sense_key=value%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else | synonyms=economic value | examples=he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices
4. sense_key=value%1:07:01:: | definition=relative darkness or lightness of a color; -Joe Hing Lowe | examples=I establish the colors and principal values by organizing the painting into three values--dark, medium...and light
5. sense_key=value%1:28:00:: | definition=(music) the relative duration of a musical note | synonyms=time value, note value
6. sense_key=value%1:09:01:: | definition=an ideal accepted by some individual or group | examples=he has old-fashioned values

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: Target lemma: value, surface form: value. Context: "...The value of the securities dropped dramatically...". We need to choose the best sense from the candidate senses.

Candidate senses:
1. numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed; example: the value assigned was 16 milliseconds
2. quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable; example: the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world
3. amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else; synonyms: economic value; example: he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices
4. relative darkness or lightness of a color
5. (music) relative duration of a musical note
6. an ideal accepted by some individual or group

In the context: "The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions." Securities are financial instruments, their value is monetary. The value dropping means the price or worth declined. It's about financial/monetary value. Sense 3: "the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else" fits well. Sense 1 is about a numerical quantity, but it could also apply to a number like price, but sense 3 specifically mentions "economic value" and is about money/fair equivalent. The example "he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices" is similar. In the sentence, the value of securities dropped, meaning their market price/worth decreased. So sense 3 is the best.

Sense 2 is about quality of being valuable, more abstract. Sense 1 is about a measured number, but here it's about the monetary worth, so sense 3 is more precise. Sense 6 is about ideals, not relevant. So answer: sense_index 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: security
Target surface form: securities
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the <t>securities</t> dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=security%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being free from danger or injury | examples=we support the armed services in the name of national security
2. sense_key=security%1:21:01:: | definition=defense against financial failure; financial independence | synonyms=protection | examples=his pension gave him security in his old age; insurance provided protection against loss of wages due to illness
3. sense_key=security%1:12:00:: | definition=freedom from anxiety or fear | examples=the watch dog gave her a feeling of security
4. sense_key=security%1:21:04:: | definition=a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends | synonyms=certificate | examples=he held several valuable securities
5. sense_key=security%1:21:00:: | definition=property that your creditor can claim in case you default on your obligation | synonyms=surety | examples=bankers are reluctant to lend without good security
6. sense_key=security%1:14:00:: | definition=a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers | synonyms=security department | examples=the head of security was a former policeman
7. sense_key=security%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee that an obligation will be met | synonyms=surety
8. sense_key=security%1:06:00:: | definition=an electrical device that sets off an alarm when someone tries to break in | synonyms=security system, security measure
9. sense_key=security%1:04:00:: | definition=measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc. | synonyms=security measures | examples=military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "securities" in the context. The target lemma is "security" and surface form is "securities". The context is about Deutsche Bank paying a fine for selling mortgage securities. The sentence: "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." and later "The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions." This clearly refers to financial instruments, specifically mortgage-backed securities. So we need the sense that corresponds to financial certificates or instruments. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: state of being free from danger (not relevant)
2. sense 2: defense against financial failure (not quite, "protection" but not the financial product)
3. sense 3: freedom from anxiety (not relevant)
4. sense 4: a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends; synonyms=certificate; examples: he held several valuable securities. This fits "mortgage securities" which are certificates representing ownership of a pool of mortgages.
5. sense 5: property that a creditor can claim (collateral). While related to finance, "securities" in plural specifically refers to the financial instruments, not collateral in general. The context says "sale of mortgage securities" and "value of the securities dropped". This is about tradable financial assets, not collateral.
6. sense 6: security department (not relevant)
7. sense 7: a guarantee that an obligation will be met (surety) - this could be related but "securities" plural typically means the instruments. However, "mortgage securities" are indeed asset-backed securities. This sense is more abstract.
8. sense 8: alarm system (no)
9. sense 9: measures against theft etc (no)

So sense 4 is the best fit: "certificate" representing financial instruments. The example uses "securities" exactly. So answer index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
Deutsche Bank pays multi-million pound fine in the USA Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial <t>crisis</t> and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "crisis" in the context. The sentence is: "The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions." The candidate senses are:
1. crisis%1:26:00:: an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty. Example: they went bankrupt during the economic crisis.
2. crisis%1:11:00:: a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something. Example: after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better.

In context, "financial crisis" refers to a period of extreme economic difficulty, not a turning point in a disease. The example for sense 1 matches perfectly: "they went bankrupt during the economic crisis" is analogous to the financial crisis causing securities value drop and bringing down credit unions. So sense 1 is the correct choice. The sense index is 1. Return JSON.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: issue
Target surface form: issue
Context:
Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the <t>issue</t> without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=issue%1:09:01:: | definition=an important question that is in dispute and must be settled | examples=the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues
2. sense_key=issue%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=number | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
3. sense_key=issue%1:09:00:: | definition=some situation or event that is thought about | synonyms=topic, subject, matter | examples=he kept drifting off the topic; he had been thinking about the subject for several years
4. sense_key=issue%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity) | synonyms=issuing, issuance | examples=a new issue of stamps; the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago
5. sense_key=issue%1:21:01:: | definition=supplies (as food or clothing or ammunition) issued by the government | synonyms=military issue, government issue
6. sense_key=issue%1:21:00:: | definition=the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property | synonyms=return, take, takings, proceeds, yield, payoff | examples=the average return was about 5%
7. sense_key=issue%1:19:00:: | definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | synonyms=consequence, effect, outcome, result, event, upshot | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise; his decision had depressing consequences for business
8. sense_key=issue%1:18:00:: | definition=the immediate descendants of a person | synonyms=offspring, progeny | examples=she was the mother of many offspring; he died without issue
9. sense_key=issue%1:11:00:: | definition=the becoming visible | synonyms=emergence, egress | examples=not a day's difference between the emergence of the andrenas and the opening of the willow catkins
10. sense_key=issue%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=exit, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
11. sense_key=issue%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of issuing printed materials | synonyms=publication

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "issue" with surface form "issue" and a context. We need to choose the best indexed sense from the list of 11 candidate senses. The context is about a legal/financial dispute where Deutsche Bank settled a dispute over mortgage securities. The relevant sentence: "The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities." And later: "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman. So "issue" here refers to a matter of dispute, a problem or question that needs to be settled. It's not a publication, not a supply, not offspring, not an exit, etc. The most fitting sense is sense 1: "an important question that is in dispute and must be settled." The examples: "the issue could be settled by requiring public education for everyone; politicians never discuss the real issues" align well with the legal context of a dispute being resolved. Sense 3 (topic, subject, matter) could also be considered, but sense 1 is more specific to a dispute that must be settled, which matches the context of a lawsuit/settlement. Sense 3 is more general "some situation or event that is thought about" but here the issue is a dispute in a legal context. The gloss for sense 1 says "in dispute and must be settled" which directly mirrors "resolved the issue". So sense 1 is the best.

Thus, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: new_york
Target surface form: New York
Context:
Fresh trouble is following hard on the heels of the uproar around Josef Ackermann, CEO of Deutsche Bank: Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA. As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in <t>New York</t>. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=new_york%1:15:01:: | definition=the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center | synonyms=New York City, Greater New York
2. sense_key=new_york%1:15:00:: | definition=a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies | synonyms=New York State, Empire State, NY
3. sense_key=new_york%1:15:02:: | definition=one of the British colonies that formed the United States

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: Target lemma: new_york, Target surface form: New York, Context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in <t>New York</t>."

We need to disambiguate "New York" in this context. Candidate senses:
1. New York City (the city)
2. New York State
3. One of the British colonies that formed the United States (historical)

In the context, it says "a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York". Deutsche Bank is a German bank with offices worldwide. The spokesman is located "in New York". This typically refers to the city, especially since it's a financial center (Wall Street). The context mentions "Deutsche Bank faces a multi-million pound fine in the USA" and the NCUA is a US regulator. The spokesman is in New York, likely the city, not the state generally. Also, the city is known as a major financial center. Sense 3 is historical and unlikely here.

Thus, best sense is 1: New York City.

So, answer: {"sense_index":


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: bank
Context:
As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The <t>bank</t> did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "bank" and surface form "bank". The context is about Deutsche Bank and financial institutions. The sentence: "The <t>bank</t> did not admit culpability in the settlement." Here, "bank" clearly refers to Deutsche Bank, which is a financial institution. Looking at the candidate senses, sense 2 is "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" with synonyms like depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company. Sense 9 is "a building in which the business of banking transacted", but the context refers to the institution itself, not the building. The spokesman said the bank did not admit culpability, referring to the entity, not the building. The context also mentions "Deutsche Bank" multiple times as an institution. So sense 2 is the most appropriate.

Thus, the index is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: settlement
Target surface form: settlement
Context:
As if the problems at home were not already enough for Deutsche Bank, the industry giant's past in the USA is now also catching up with it. Frankfurt-based Deutsche Bank will pay 145 million dollars (106 million Euros) to settle disputes arising from the bankruptcy of five major credit unions during the financial crisis. The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the <t>settlement</t>. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=settlement%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government | synonyms=colony | examples=the American colony in Paris
2. sense_key=settlement%1:14:01:: | definition=a community of people smaller than a town | synonyms=village, small town
3. sense_key=settlement%1:10:00:: | definition=a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
4. sense_key=settlement%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies | synonyms=colonization, colonisation | examples=the British colonization of America
5. sense_key=settlement%1:09:00:: | definition=something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making | synonyms=resolution, closure | examples=they finally reached a settlement with the union; they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences
6. sense_key=settlement%1:15:00:: | definition=an area where a group of families live together
7. sense_key=settlement%1:04:00:: | definition=termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities | synonyms=liquidation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a target word "settlement" (which appears to be a typo; the context uses "\<t>settlement</t>", but it's clearly the word "settlement"). The context is about Deutsche Bank paying to settle disputes, and the bank not admitting culpability in the settlement. It's a legal/financial context. The candidate senses are from WordNet, but we need to choose the best indexed sense. The word is "settlement" (likely meant "settlement" as in "a settlement"). Looking at the senses: 3 is "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it"; 5 is "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making" with synonyms resolution, closure, and example "they finally reached a settlement with the union". Both 3 and 5 seem plausible. But in context: "The bank did not admit culpability in the <t>settlement</t>." Here, "settlement" refers to the agreement or resolution of the dispute, i.e., the settlement reached. Sense 5 specifically has example "they finally reached a settlement with the union", which matches. Sense 3 is more about the act of resolving, but the context says "in the settlement", meaning the agreement itself, not the act. The example in sense 5: "they finally reached a settlement with the union" is exactly the kind of usage. Sense 3 is "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it" – that sounds like the process, whereas the sentence "in the settlement" refers to the outcome document/agreement. So sense 5 is more appropriate. Also, sense 5's synonyms include "resolution", and the context says "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," so it's about the resolution. The bank didn't admit culpability in that resolution/settlement. So I'll go with sense 5.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
The issue centres on the sale of mortgage securities. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million <t>dollars</t>. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate "dollars" in: "Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars". The context is clearly about a monetary amount. The candidate senses: 1. basic monetary unit; 2. a piece of paper money (bill); 3. a coin; 4. a symbol of commercialism. Here, "20.5 million dollars" refers to an amount of money, not a physical bill or coin, and not a symbol. It's the unit of currency. Sense 1 fits best: the basic monetary unit. Sense 2 is a specific bill, sense 3 is a coin, sense 4 is metaphorical. The amount is in the millions, so it's not a single bill or coin, but the abstract unit. So index 1. Return JSON.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: responsiveness
Target surface form: responsiveness
Context:
The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the <t>responsiveness</t> of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=responsiveness%1:09:00:: | definition=responsive to stimulation | synonyms=reactivity
2. sense_key=responsiveness%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being responsive; reacting quickly; as a quality of people, it involves responding with emotion to people and events

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need to choose the best sense for "responsiveness" in the given context. Two candidate senses: 1. responsiveness to stimulation (synonym: reactivity) and 2. the quality of being responsive; reacting quickly; as a quality of people, it involves responding with emotion to people and events.

Context: The NCUA chairman welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The banks are Citigroup and Deutsche Bank, who settled without admitting culpability. The chairman welcomed their responsiveness. This likely means they were responsive in the sense of reacting quickly or being cooperative, not necessarily "responding with emotion". In a financial/legal settlement context, "responsiveness" means being prompt in addressing the issue, not necessarily emotional. Sense 2 says "reacting quickly" and as a quality of people, involving responding with emotion to people and events. But here, banks are institutions, not people, but they can still be responsive in a business sense. The sense 2 is broad: "the quality of being responsive; reacting quickly". It doesn't necessarily require emotion; it says "as a quality of people, it involves responding with emotion to people and events", but that's a note, maybe it's a typical human trait. However, the primary definition is reacting quickly. Sense 1 is specifically about stimulation, like a physiological or sensory responsiveness. The context doesn't involve stimulation; it's about a response to a situation. Sense 2 seems more appropriate: they responded quickly to the issue by settling. So I'll pick sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), a financial market regulator, accuses a string of major banks of having used false promises to mislead credit unions into buying the financial products. The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two <t>banks</t>. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target lemma "bank" and target surface form "banks". The context mentions major banks, Deutsche Bank, Citigroup, financial regulator, settlements, etc. It's clearly about financial institutions. The candidate senses include one for financial institution: sense 2: "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities". That matches perfectly. The sentence also says "the two banks", referring to Deutsche Bank and Citigroup. So the sense is definitely the financial institution sense. Sense 2 is the one. Output JSON: {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bankruptcy
Target surface form: bankruptcies
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in <t>bankruptcies</t> to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:01:: | definition=a state of complete lack of some abstract property | examples=spiritual bankruptcy; moral bankruptcy
2. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:26:00:: | definition=inability to discharge all your debts as they come due | synonyms=failure | examples=the company had to declare bankruptcy; fraudulent loans led to the failure of many banks
3. sense_key=bankruptcy%1:04:00:: | definition=a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a target lemma "bankruptcy" with surface form "bankruptcies". The context: "The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in <t>bankruptcies</t> to protect customer deposits." The NCUA is a regulatory agency that intervenes when credit unions face financial trouble, likely when they are unable to pay debts. So the sense here is about financial insolvency, not about abstract lack of property or a legal process specifically, but the state of being unable to discharge debts. The examples for sense 2 include "the company had to declare bankruptcy" which matches the financial context. Sense 1 is metaphorical (spiritual bankruptcy). Sense 3 is specifically a legal process, but the context says "intervenes in bankruptcies" meaning they step in when bankruptcies occur, likely referring to the state of insolvency. The NCUA's role is to protect deposits, so they intervene when a credit union fails financially. Thus, sense 2 is the best match