[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deposit
Target surface form: deposits
Context:
The value of the securities dropped dramatically during the financial crisis and brought down the credit unions. "We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer <t>deposits</t>. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deposit%1:19:00:: | definition=the phenomenon of sediment or gravel accumulating | synonyms=sedimentation, alluviation
2. sense_key=deposit%1:17:00:: | definition=matter that has been deposited by some natural process | synonyms=sediment
3. sense_key=deposit%1:22:00:: | definition=the natural process of laying down a deposit of something | synonyms=deposition
4. sense_key=deposit%1:21:01:: | definition=money deposited in a bank or some similar institution | synonyms=bank deposit
5. sense_key=deposit%1:21:00:: | definition=a partial payment made at the time of purchase; the balance to be paid later | synonyms=down payment
6. sense_key=deposit%1:21:02:: | definition=money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use | examples=his deposit was refunded when he returned the car
7. sense_key=deposit%1:10:01:: | definition=a payment given as a guarantee that an obligation will be met
8. sense_key=deposit%1:06:00:: | definition=a facility where things can be deposited for storage or safekeeping | synonyms=depository, depositary, repository
9. sense_key=deposit%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of putting something somewhere | synonyms=deposition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "deposits" in the given context. The target surface form is "deposits", and the lemma is "deposit". The context is about the NCUA protecting customer deposits in credit unions during bankruptcies. It mentions financial crisis, securities, banks, settlements. So it's clearly about money that customers have deposited in financial institutions.

Let's examine the candidate senses:
1. sedimentation, alluviation - geological process, not relevant.
2. sediment - matter deposited by natural process, not relevant.
3. deposition as natural process - not relevant.
4. money deposited in a bank or some similar institution (bank deposit) - This fits perfectly. The NCUA protects customer deposits in credit unions, which are similar to bank deposits.
5. down payment - partial payment at purchase, not relevant.
6. money given as security for temporary use (like a rental deposit) - not relevant; it's about customer deposits in financial institutions.
7. payment given as a guarantee - not specifically bank deposits; could be like a security deposit but not specific to banking. However, sense 4 is more precise: "money deposited in a bank or some similar institution".
8. a facility where things can be deposited - not relevant; the text says "customer deposits" meaning the money, not the facility.
9. the act of putting something somewhere - too general, not specific to financial deposits.

Thus, sense_index 4 is correct.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for <t>compensation</t> for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best sense for "compensation" in context. The context: NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. They are seeking money as payment for losses. Sense 1: something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation. Sense 3: the act of compensating for service or loss or injury. Both are relevant. But "fighting for compensation" suggests seeking payment, the thing itself. So sense 1 fits best: money given or received. Sense 3 is more about the act of compensating. The context: "fighting for compensation for losses" implies they want the payment. So sense 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Alibaba

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: billion
Target surface form: billions
Context:
"We are happy to have resolved the issue without the parties going to court," said a Deutsche Bank spokesman in New York. The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the <t>billions</t>. The current settlements are the first of their kind.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=billion%1:23:01:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 12 zeros; in the United Kingdom the usage followed in the United States is frequently seen | synonyms=one million million, 1000000000000
2. sense_key=billion%1:23:02:: | definition=a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole) | synonyms=million, trillion, zillion, jillion, gazillion | examples=there were millions of flies
3. sense_key=billion%1:23:00:: | definition=the number that is represented as a one followed by 9 zeros | synonyms=one thousand million, 1000000000

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to do Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "billions" in the given context. The target lemma is "billion". The sentence fragment: "The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions." So, "billions" here means an indefinitely large amount, likely hyperbolic or emphasizing a huge sum. Sense 2 is "a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole)" with synonyms like million, trillion, zillion, etc. Sense 1 is one million million (10^12), Sense 3 is one thousand million (10^9). In financial contexts, "billions" often refers to at least billions of dollars, not hyperbole exactly, but "run into the billions" means the total amount reaches into the billions of dollars. It's a specific number range, not an indefinite hyperbole. So likely it's either Sense 3 (one thousand million) or Sense 1 (one million million) depending on the scale. In US English, "billion" typically means 10^9 (one thousand million). The context is a settlement with US banks, so the amounts are likely in US billions (10^9). Sense 3 matches "one thousand million, 1000000000", which is the modern US definition. The phrase "run into the billions" means the total losses are in the range of multiple billions of dollars, so it's a definite numerical sense, not hyperbole. So the closest is Sense 3. Sense 2 is hyperbolic, but here it's literal billions. Thus Sense 3 is correct.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: settlement
Target surface form: settlements
Context:
The bank did not admit culpability in the settlement. The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current <t>settlements</t> are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=settlement%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government | synonyms=colony | examples=the American colony in Paris
2. sense_key=settlement%1:14:01:: | definition=a community of people smaller than a town | synonyms=village, small town
3. sense_key=settlement%1:10:00:: | definition=a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it
4. sense_key=settlement%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies | synonyms=colonization, colonisation | examples=the British colonization of America
5. sense_key=settlement%1:09:00:: | definition=something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making | synonyms=resolution, closure | examples=they finally reached a settlement with the union; they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences
6. sense_key=settlement%1:15:00:: | definition=an area where a group of families live together
7. sense_key=settlement%1:04:00:: | definition=termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities | synonyms=liquidation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for the target word "settlements" in the given context. The target lemma is "settlement", surface form "settlements". The context is a news article about banks and a regulator, involving payments, compensation, and legal settlements. The sentence: "The current settlements are the first of their kind." refers to agreements where banks pay money without admitting culpability. So it's a legal/financial settlement, meaning an agreement resolving a dispute.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. colony (body of people) - not relevant.
2. village, small town - not relevant.
3. a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it - This seems broad, could fit a legal settlement. Definition: "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it". Synonyms not listed, but examples not given. This might be a general sense.
4. colonization - not relevant.
5. something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making. Synonyms: resolution, closure. Examples: "they finally reached a settlement with the union; they never did achieve a final resolution of their differences". This specifically includes "settlement with the union", which is a negotiated agreement. This seems very close to the financial/legal settlement context. The example uses "settlement" in the sense of an agreement reached.
6. an area where a group of families live together - not relevant.
7. liquidation - not relevant.

Both senses 3 and 5 seem possible. Let's examine the definitions more carefully:
3: "a conclusive resolution of a matter and disposition of it". It doesn't give examples. It's a bit vague but could mean any final settlement.
5: "something settled or resolved; the outcome of decision making". The example directly uses "settlement with the union", which is analogous to a legal settlement between a regulator and banks. The phrase "the current settlements" clearly refers to the agreements where banks paid money. This is a common meaning: a settlement in legal context is an agreement resolving a dispute, often involving payment. WordNet often has a specific sense for legal settlements? Here, sense 5 seems to capture that. Sense 3 might be more general, but sense 5's example includes "they finally reached a settlement with the union" which mirrors "the bank did not admit culpability in the settlement" and "Citigroup agreed to pay...". So I think sense 5 is more precise. However, we need to check if there's any other clue. The context says "The current settlements are the first of their kind." They are talking about the regulatory settlements. So the best fit is sense 5.

Thus, the index is 5.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulator
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the context: "The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The <t>regulator</t> had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities."

The target word is "regulator". We need to choose among three candidate senses. Sense 1: a device for regulating fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc. Sense 2: an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest. Sense 3: a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (like governor).

In the context, the regulator mentioned is the NCUA, which is a government agency that oversees credit unions. So it's clearly an official body. Therefore, sense 2 is the correct one. The index is 2.

The JSON should be {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major <t>banks</t> and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a target lemma "bank" with surface form "banks" in the context. The context talks about Citigroup, NCUA, settlements, compensation, and suing major banks like JPMorgan Chase, Royal Bank of Scotland, and Goldman Sachs. The context mentions "other major <t>banks</t>" where <t> marks the target. Clearly, the sense is financial institutions. Among the candidate senses, sense 2 is "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities" with synonyms depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company. Sense 9 is "a building in which the business of banking transacted" (bank building). The context says "approached other major banks" and sued specific banks with names. This refers to the institutions, not the buildings. So sense 2 is correct. The examples mention "he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home". So index 2.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: summer
Target surface form: summer
Context:
The same is true of Citigroup, which agreed to pay 20.5 million dollars. The NCUA chairman, Debbie Matz, welcomed the responsiveness of the two banks. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) is responsible for the US credit unions and intervenes in bankruptcies to protect customer deposits. The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the <t>summer</t>. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=summer%1:28:00:: | definition=the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox | synonyms=summertime | examples=they spent a lazy summer at the shore
2. sense_key=summer%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty | examples=the golden summer of his life

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "summer" in the given context. The context is: "The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the <t>summer</t>." The surface form is "summer". The candidate senses are two: sense 1 is about the warmest season of the year; sense 2 is a metaphorical sense: the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty. The context clearly refers to a time when lawsuits were filed. The word is used in the phrase "in the summer", indicating a specific time of year. There is no metaphorical meaning here. It's literal. So sense 1 is correct. The instruction: return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. But here the indices are 1 and 2. So we return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fate
Target surface form: fate
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the <t>fate</t> of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fate%1:11:00:: | definition=an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future | synonyms=destiny
2. sense_key=fate%1:18:00:: | definition=the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman) | synonyms=destiny | examples=we are helpless in the face of destiny
3. sense_key=fate%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: Target lemma: fate, target surface form: fate. Context: "... This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. ..."

We have three candidate senses:

1. sense 1: "an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future" synonyms: destiny.
2. sense 2: "the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events (often personified as a woman)" synonyms: destiny, examples: "we are helpless in the face of destiny"
3. sense 3: "your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)" synonyms: fortune, destiny, luck, lot, circumstances, portion, examples: "whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate"

In the context: "This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies..." The phrase "sealed the fate" is an idiom meaning to determine an outcome in a way that cannot be changed, often negative. It implies an inevitable outcome. So it aligns with sense 1: an event that will inevitably happen. Sense 2 is about a personified agency, not applicable here. Sense 3 is about overall circumstances or condition in life, like "deserved a better fate". But here, "fate" is what was sealed, meaning their destiny or inevitable future outcome. Sense 1 fits perfectly. Sense 3 might also work, but it's more about ongoing circumstances. In the context of a specific event (the bubble burst) sealing their fate, it's more about an inevitable future event: their downfall. So sense 1 is the best.

Thus, output: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a <t>number</t> of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target word "number" with context: "This sealed the fate of a <t>number</t> of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007." So we have "a number of financial companies" meaning an unspecified quantity or many. This matches sense 1: "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals" with example "he had a number of chores to do". That's the correct sense. Also note the synonym "figure" but the context is clearly the quantifier sense. So sense_index should be 1.

The answer should be exactly like {"sense_index":

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: company
Target surface form: companies
Context:
The NCUA is fighting for compensation for losses that run into the billions. The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial <t>companies</t> when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=company%1:14:01:: | definition=an institution created to conduct business | examples=he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage
2. sense_key=company%1:14:03:: | definition=small military unit; usually two or three platoons
3. sense_key=company%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being with someone | synonyms=companionship, fellowship, society | examples=he missed their company; he enjoyed the society of his friends
4. sense_key=company%1:14:02:: | definition=organization of performers and associated personnel (especially theatrical) | synonyms=troupe | examples=the traveling company all stayed at the same hotel
5. sense_key=company%1:18:00:: | definition=a social or business visitor | synonyms=caller | examples=the room was a mess because he hadn't expected company
6. sense_key=company%1:14:00:: | definition=a social gathering of guests or companions | examples=the house was filled with company when I arrived
7. sense_key=company%1:14:06:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=party | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
8. sense_key=company%1:14:04:: | definition=crew of a ship including the officers; the whole force or personnel of a ship | synonyms=ship's company
9. sense_key=company%1:14:05:: | definition=a unit of firefighters including their equipment | examples=a hook-and-ladder company

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a sentence: "This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007." The target word is "companies", lemma "company". The context discusses financial companies like banks and investment banks, specifically in the context of mortgage-backed securities, settlements, and the financial crisis. So clearly it refers to business institutions. Among the candidate senses, sense 1: "an institution created to conduct business" with examples "he only invests in large well-established companies; he started the company in his garage" fits perfectly. The context is about financial companies, which are business institutions. No other sense matches (military, companionship, theatrical, etc.). So sense_index: 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: height
Target surface form: height
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the <t>height</t> of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=height%1:07:00:: | definition=the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top | synonyms=tallness
2. sense_key=height%1:26:00:: | definition=the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development | synonyms=acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative | examples=his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme
3. sense_key=height%1:07:01:: | definition=(of a standing person) the distance from head to foot | synonyms=stature
4. sense_key=height%1:07:02:: | definition=elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface | synonyms=altitude | examples=the altitude gave her a headache

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "height" in the given context. The target form is "height". We must choose the single best indexed sense from the provided candidates.

Context: "The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis." The phrase "at the height of the financial crisis" clearly refers to the peak or most intense phase of the financial crisis. The crisis reached its highest level or most critical stage, and that's when Lehman Brothers collapsed. This usage aligns perfectly with sense #2: "the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development" with synonyms "acme, elevation, peak, pinnacle, summit, superlative". The examples given are "his landscapes were deemed the acme of beauty; the artist's gifts are at their acme", and "at the height of" similarly indicates the peak.

Let's examine the other senses:
1. Sense #1: physical vertical dimension. Not applicable here. The sentence is metaphorical, not about physical height.
2. Sense #2: the peak or highest level. Fits perfectly.
3. Sense #3: stature. Not applicable.
4. Sense #4: altitude. Not applicable.

Thus, the correct sense is index 2.

Now, output JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: crisis
Target surface form: crisis
Context:
The current settlements are the first of their kind. The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t>. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "crisis" in context. The context is: "The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial <t>crisis</t>." The candidate senses are:

1. sense_key=crisis%1:26:00:: | definition=an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty | examples=they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
2. sense_key=crisis%1:11:00:: | definition=a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something | examples=after the crisis the patient either dies or gets better

We need to choose the best sense. The context clearly refers to a financial crisis, which is an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty. The example for sense 1 mentions "economic crisis", which aligns perfectly. Sense 2 talks about a turning point, like a medical crisis. The context doesn't suggest a turning point per se but a prolonged difficult period, the financial crisis of 2008. So sense 1 is the best match.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Target lemma: bank, Target surface form: banks, Context: ... The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind ...". The sentence: "The <t>banks</t> battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later." So it's clearly referring to financial institutions, as the context is about regulators suing major banks, mortgage securities, etc. So the sense is "a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities", which is sense 2. Sense 2: sense_key=bank%1:14:00::, with synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company. That's the correct one.

Now, instructions: Return only a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}. For sense 2, index 2. So answer: {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wind
Target surface form: wind
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong <t>wind</t> in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wind%1:19:00:: | definition=air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure | synonyms=air current, current of air | examples=trees bent under the fierce winds; when there is no wind, row
2. sense_key=wind%1:19:01:: | definition=a tendency or force that influences events | examples=the winds of change
3. sense_key=wind%1:04:01:: | definition=breath | examples=the collision knocked the wind out of him
4. sense_key=wind%1:10:01:: | definition=empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk | synonyms=malarkey, malarky, idle words, jazz, nothingness | examples=that's a lot of wind; don't give me any of that jazz
5. sense_key=wind%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication of potential opportunity | synonyms=tip, lead, steer, confidential information, hint | examples=he got a tip on the stock market; a good lead for a job
6. sense_key=wind%1:06:00:: | definition=a musical instrument in which the sound is produced by an enclosed column of air that is moved by the breath | synonyms=wind instrument
7. sense_key=wind%1:04:02:: | definition=a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus | synonyms=fart, farting, flatus, breaking wind
8. sense_key=wind%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of winding or twisting | synonyms=winding, twist | examples=he put the key in the old clock and gave it a good wind

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation on the word "wind" in the given context. The context is: "The banks battling against a strong <t>wind</t> in the USA several years later." This is part of a larger passage about financial crises, lawsuits, and banks facing difficulties. The phrase "battling against a strong wind" is metaphorical, suggesting an opposing force. The available senses are listed. We need to choose the best fit.

Let's analyze each sense:

1. Literal air movement. Example: "trees bent under the fierce winds; when there is no wind, row." The context is about banks facing difficulties, so "strong wind" is metaphorical, not literal. But sometimes "wind" can be used metaphorically to mean an opposing force, akin to "headwinds" in business. However, sense 2 is specifically a tendency or force that influences events.

2. "a tendency or force that influences events", e.g., "winds of change". This is a metaphorical sense directly applicable: "battling against a strong wind" means struggling against a powerful adverse force or trend. This fits perfectly.

3. Breath: "knocked the wind out of him". Not relevant.

4. Empty rhetoric: "that's a lot of wind". Not relevant.

5. Tip or hint: "got a tip on the stock market". Not relevant.

6. Wind instrument. Not relevant.

7. Fart. Not relevant.

8. Winding or twisting: "gave it a good wind". Not relevant.

So the clear choice is sense 2: a tendency or force that influences events. The phrase "strong wind" is metaphorical for a significant obstacle or headwind.

Thus, return {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: usa
Target surface form: USA
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the <t>USA</t> several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=usa%1:15:00:: | definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776 | synonyms=United States, United States of America, America, the States, US
2. sense_key=usa%1:14:00:: | definition=the army of the United States of America; the agency that organizes and trains soldiers for land warfare | synonyms=United States Army, US Army, Army

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "USA" in the context: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the <t>USA</t> several years later." The target word is "USA," and the two candidate senses are:
1. The country: United States of America.
2. The U.S. Army.

The context mentions "banks" and "regulator" and financial crisis, so "USA" clearly refers to the country, not the army. The phrase "in the USA" indicates location. So sense 1 is correct.

Now, we must output JSON like {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: years
Context:
The regulator had also approached other major banks and sued JPMorgan Chase, the Royal Bank of Scotland and Goldman Sachs in the summer. The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several <t>years</t> later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "years" in the sentence: "The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later." This implies a time span after some event. The context mentions events in 2007 and 2008, and then says "several years later." So "years" here refers to a period consisting of multiple calendar years. It is simply a measure of time.

Now, examine the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days" synonyms: twelvemonth, yr. This is the basic calendar year. Example: "she is 4 years old; in the year 1920." This fits perfectly: "several years later" means several of these 365-day periods later.

2. sense 2: "a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity" example: "a school year." This is a specific kind of year, like academic year. Not applicable here.

3. sense 3: "the period of time that it takes for a planet to make a complete revolution around the sun" example: "a Martian year takes 687 of our days." This is astronomical year, not intended.

4. sense 4: "a body of students who graduate together" synonyms: class. Example: "the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High." This is a group of students, not time.

Clearly, sense 1 is the correct one. So answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: regulator
Target surface form: regulators
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and <t>regulators</t> have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=regulator%1:06:00:: | definition=any of various controls or devices for regulating or controlling fluid flow, pressure, temperature, etc.
2. sense_key=regulator%1:18:00:: | definition=an official responsible for control and supervision of a particular activity or area of public interest
3. sense_key=regulator%1:06:01:: | definition=a control that maintains a steady speed in a machine (as by controlling the supply of fuel) | synonyms=governor

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to do word sense disambiguation for the word "regulators" in the given context. The target surface form is "regulators", and we have three candidate senses from WordNet: sense 1 (device for regulating fluid flow, pressure, etc.), sense 2 (official responsible for control and supervision), sense 3 (control that maintains steady speed in a machine, synonym "governor"). The context is about financial crisis, mortgage-backed securities, Lehman Brothers, the FHFA, and claims for compensation or punishment. "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims..." Clearly, "regulators" here refers to official bodies or entities that oversee financial activities, i.e., the sense of an official responsible for control and supervision. That is sense 2. Sense 1 and 3 are about mechanical devices, which don't fit the context. So I'll output {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: number
Target surface form: number
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast <t>number</t> of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=number%1:07:00:: | definition=the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals | synonyms=figure | examples=he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small
2. sense_key=number%1:23:00:: | definition=a concept of quantity involving zero and units | examples=every number has a unique position in the sequence
3. sense_key=number%1:10:04:: | definition=a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program | synonyms=act, routine, turn, bit | examples=he did his act three times every evening; she had a catchy little routine
4. sense_key=number%1:10:03:: | definition=the number is used in calling a particular telephone | synonyms=phone number, telephone number | examples=he has an unlisted number
5. sense_key=number%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol used to represent a number | synonyms=numeral | examples=he learned to write the numerals before he went to school
6. sense_key=number%1:10:00:: | definition=one of a series published periodically | synonyms=issue | examples=she found an old issue of the magazine in her dentist's waiting room
7. sense_key=number%1:14:00:: | definition=a select company of people | examples=I hope to become one of their number before I die
8. sense_key=number%1:10:02:: | definition=a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification | synonyms=identification number | examples=she refused to give them her Social Security number
9. sense_key=number%1:07:01:: | definition=a clothing measurement | examples=a number 13 shoe
10. sense_key=number%1:10:05:: | definition=the grammatical category for the forms of nouns and pronouns and verbs that are used depending on the number of entities involved (singular or dual or plural) | examples=in English the subject and the verb must agree in number
11. sense_key=number%1:06:00:: | definition=an item of merchandise offered for sale | examples=she preferred the black nylon number; this sweater is an all-wool number

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "number" and a surface form "number" in context. We need to disambiguate to one of the 11 senses. The context is: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct." So "a vast number of claims" means a large quantity of claims. This is sense 1: "the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals", with synonyms "figure", examples "he had a number of chores to do; the number of parameters is small". This is the most straightforward quantifier sense. Other senses don't fit: sense 2 is more abstract concept, sense 3 is theatrical, sense 4 is phone number, sense 5 is numeral symbol, sense 6 is periodical issue, sense 7 is select company (like "one of their number"), sense 8 is identification number, sense 9 is clothing measurement, sense 10 is grammatical number, sense 11 is an item of merchandise. So clearly sense 1. Thus, the answer is sense index 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of <t>claims</t> for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation on the word "claims" in the given context. The target lemma is "claim" and the surface form is "claims". The context involves legal/financial issues: mortgage-backed securities, financial crisis, banks, investors, regulators, compensation, punishment, FHFA. The specific sentence: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of <t>claims</t> for compensation or to punish misconduct." Clearly, here "claims" refers to legal demands or assertions of a right, typically in a lawsuit or legal proceeding. They are brought by investors and regulators seeking compensation or punishment. So it's about asserting a right to something, like money or property. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages. That fits perfectly: they brought claims for compensation (money) or to punish misconduct (possibly also damages). This is like a legal claim.

2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims. This is about stating something is true, not necessarily demanding compensation. Not a good fit.

3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day. This is a demand, not necessarily a legal assertion of a right. It could fit, but sense 1 specifically mentions "assertion of a right (as to money or property)" and the example "his claim asked for damages" is directly parallel. In context, these are legal claims brought by investors and regulators, which are assertions of a right to compensation.

4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame. Not legal, not about compensation.

5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate. This is about an existing right, not the act of bringing a claim. It says "brought a vast number of claims" — they brought claims, meaning they initiated legal actions or demands, not that they have an established right. So sense 1 is better.

6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty. That's an idiomatic phrase "call of duty", not relevant.

So sense 1 is the most appropriate. Note that the instruction says: "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key." It says return a JSON object with the sense index. The indexes are as listed: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. So I'll choose


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compensation
Target surface form: compensation
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for <t>compensation</t> or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "compensation" in the given context. The context discusses financial claims for compensation related to mortgage-backed securities and misconduct by financial companies. The target word appears in the phrase "claims for compensation or to punish misconduct." So it's about seeking money as reparation for losses. Let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=compensation%1:21:00:: | definition=something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)
2. sense_key=compensation%1:22:00:: | definition=(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors
3. sense_key=compensation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of compensating for service or loss or injury | synonyms=recompense

In context, "compensation" is used in a legal/financial setting: "claims for compensation or to punish misconduct." Clearly, it's about payment or reparation for loss or injury. The psychiatry sense (2) is irrelevant. Between 1 and 3, both relate to payment/reparation. Sense 1 is the thing (something given or received), while sense 3 is the act of compensating. In the phrase "claims for compensation," we are claiming for something (the payment), not the act. "Claims for compensation" typically means claims for monetary compensation. The context says "brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct." So it's the object of the claim: they are claiming compensation (the thing). Sense 1 is explicitly "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation." That fits directly. Sense 3 is the act. Therefore, sense 1 is the best match.

Thus, the answer in JSON format is: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: misconduct
Target surface form: misconduct
Context:
The dubious mortgage securities are so-called mortgage-backed securities. They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish <t>misconduct</t>. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:01:: | definition=bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf
2. sense_key=misconduct%1:04:00:: | definition=activity that transgresses moral or civil law | synonyms=wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus | examples=he denied any wrongdoing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "misconduct" in the given context. We have two candidate senses:

Sense 1: "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" — This is a specific sense, often used in legal or fiduciary contexts, like mismanagement by trustees, directors, or agents.

Sense 2: "activity that transgresses moral or civil law; synonyms: wrongdoing, wrongful conduct, actus reus" — This is a broader sense, general wrongdoing or illegal conduct.

Context: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct." The context is about financial companies, mortgage-backed securities, and the 2008 crisis. The misconduct is related to the actions of banks and financial institutions. The FHFA is behind claims. The claims are for compensation or to punish misconduct. This likely refers to the banks' actions in selling dubious mortgage securities, which were dishonest management or fraudulent activities. The sense 1 specifically mentions "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" — that fits well with bank executives acting on behalf of investors or clients. Sense 2 is broader, but the context of fiduciary duty and financial mismanagement makes sense 1 more precise. However, note that the claims are from investors and regulators, and the misconduct could be considered both mismanagement and illegal activity. But the phrase "persons supposed to act on another's behalf" aligns with the relationship between banks and investors. Also, the examples for sense 2 are "he denied any wrongdoing", which is generic. The context doesn't explicitly mention "management", but the financial crisis was caused by mismanagement of mortgage-backed securities. I think sense 1 is more specific to the financial context. Let's check: "misconduct" in legal/financial contexts often refers to professional misconduct or mismanagement. The definition of sense 1: "bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf" — that's exactly what happened: banks managed mortgage-backed securities on behalf of investors, and they did so dishonestly. So sense 1 is the best.

Thus, choose sense 1. Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: wave
Target surface form: wave
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=wave%1:11:01:: | definition=one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water) | synonyms=moving ridge
2. sense_key=wave%1:04:02:: | definition=a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon | examples=a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves
3. sense_key=wave%1:11:00:: | definition=(physics) a movement up and down or back and forth | synonyms=undulation
4. sense_key=wave%1:11:02:: | definition=something that rises rapidly | examples=a wave of emotion swept over him; there was a sudden wave of buying before the market closed
5. sense_key=wave%1:10:01:: | definition=the act of signaling by a movement of the hand | synonyms=waving, wafture
6. sense_key=wave%1:08:00:: | definition=a hairdo that creates undulations in the hair
7. sense_key=wave%1:25:00:: | definition=an undulating curve | synonyms=undulation
8. sense_key=wave%1:19:00:: | definition=a persistent and widespread unusual weather condition (especially of unusual temperatures) | examples=a heat wave
9. sense_key=wave%1:18:00:: | definition=a member of the women's reserve of the United States Navy; originally organized during World War II but now no longer a separate branch

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the lemma "wave" with the target surface form "wave" in the given context. We need to choose the best indexed sense from the list of candidate senses.

Let's look at the context: "The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest <t>wave</t> of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars."

Here, "wave" modifies "claims". A "wave of claims" means a large number of claims coming in a surge or sudden increase. It's a metaphorical use of wave as a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon.

Now, examine the candidate senses:

1. wave%1:11:01:: - literal water wave, not applicable.
2. wave%1:04:02:: - "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" with examples: "a wave of settlers; troops advancing in waves". This fits perfectly: "wave of claims" implies a sudden increase in claims.
3. wave%1:11:00:: - (physics) undulation, not applicable.
4. wave%1:11:02:: - "something that rises rapidly" with examples: "a wave of emotion", "a sudden wave of buying before the market closed". This could also fit, as "wave of claims" suggests a rapid rise in claims. But note the nuance: sense 2 specifically defines "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon", which seems more directly aligned with a surge of claims. Sense 4 is "something that rises rapidly" and examples include "wave of emotion" and "wave of buying". Both are plausible. We need to differentiate. Look at the glosses: sense 2 is about a movement (specifically like a sudden occurrence or increase), sense 4 is "something that rises rapidly" (like a wave of emotion). Both could apply. Let's check the examples: "troops advancing in waves" for sense 2 indicates a series or large number of things arriving in a similar pattern. "Wave of claims" is more like a sudden large number of claims, akin to a wave of settlers. Sense 4's "sudden wave of buying" is similar, but note that sense 4 is "something that rises rapidly" (the thing itself that rises), whereas sense 2 is a movement that is like a sudden occurrence. In WordNet, sense 2 and sense 4 are distinct. Let's see the hierarchy maybe? But we only have the glosses.

Often, "wave of something" meaning a large amount or sudden increase is covered by sense 2. Sense 4 seems more about an abrupt surge of emotion or activity. However, the example "a sudden wave of buying" is very close. I suspect that in standard WSD, "wave of claims" would be disambiguated to the sense that means a sudden large quantity. Let's see the dictionary definitions: sense 2: "a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon" – this emphasizes the pattern of occurrence (like waves of immigrants). Sense 4: "something that rises rapidly" – "a wave of emotion swept over him" – this is more about an internal feeling rising quickly. In our context, "wave of claims" is an external, quantified phenomenon: the FHFA brought a vast number of claims, the largest wave of claims. It's a large group of legal actions. I think sense 2 is better because it talks about a "specified phenomenon" and uses examples like "a wave of settlers" which is a group of people moving, similar to a group of claims being filed. Sense 4's examples are more abstract: emotion, buying. Buying is a collective activity, but still, sense 2 explicitly says "increase in a specified phenomenon". The phrase "wave of claims" is an increase in claims. So I'd go with sense 2.

Also, note the instruction: "Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense." So I must pick one.

I'll pick index 2.

Output JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: claim
Target surface form: claims
Context:
They are underpinned by home loans. This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of <t>claims</t>. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=claim%1:10:00:: | definition=an assertion of a right (as to money or property) | examples=his claim asked for damages
2. sense_key=claim%1:10:02:: | definition=an assertion that something is true or factual | examples=his claim that he was innocent; evidence contradicted the government's claims
3. sense_key=claim%1:04:00:: | definition=demand for something as rightful or due | examples=they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day
4. sense_key=claim%1:07:02:: | definition=an informal right to something | synonyms=title | examples=his claim on her attentions; his title to fame
5. sense_key=claim%1:07:01:: | definition=an established or recognized right | synonyms=title | examples=a strong legal claim to the property; he had no documents confirming his title to his father's estate
6. sense_key=claim%1:10:01:: | definition=a demand especially in the phrase | synonyms=call | examples=the call of duty

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "claims" in: "Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims." The context is legal/financial: claims for compensation or to punish misconduct, brought by investors and regulators. The FHFA is behind a wave of claims. This suggests formal demands for compensation, i.e., legal claims. Looking at the senses:

1. assertion of a right (as to money or property) – example: his claim asked for damages. This fits: claims for compensation are assertions of a right to money.

2. assertion that something is true – not as fitting, because it's about demanding compensation, not just stating something.

3. demand for something as rightful or due – example: they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day. This is a demand, but context is legal claims, not a strike.

4. informal right – not applicable.

5. established or recognized right – this is about a legal right itself (e.g., property title). But here it's the claim brought, not the underlying right.

6. demand (like call of duty) – not fitting.

Sense 1 and 3 are close. Sense 1: assertion of a right, especially to money, with example "his claim asked for damages" (damages = compensation). In legal contexts, "claim" often means a demand for compensation. Sense 3: demand for something as rightful or due. The example is about a strike for shorter work day, so it's more about a demand through action. In our context, the claims are brought by investors and regulators, likely lawsuit claims. Sense 1 seems more legal. Also, the definition mentions "assertion of a right (as to money or property)" which perfectly matches "claims for compensation". So I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bank
Target surface form: banks
Context:
This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international <t>banks</t> of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bank%1:17:01:: | definition=sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water) | examples=they pulled the canoe up on the bank; he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents
2. sense_key=bank%1:14:00:: | definition=a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities | synonyms=depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company | examples=he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home
3. sense_key=bank%1:17:00:: | definition=a long ridge or pile | examples=a huge bank of earth
4. sense_key=bank%1:14:01:: | definition=an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers | examples=he operated a bank of switches
5. sense_key=bank%1:21:00:: | definition=a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
6. sense_key=bank%1:21:01:: | definition=the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games | examples=he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo
7. sense_key=bank%1:17:02:: | definition=a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force | synonyms=cant, camber
8. sense_key=bank%1:06:01:: | definition=a container (usually with a slot in the top) for keeping money at home | synonyms=savings bank, coin bank, money box | examples=the coin bank was empty
9. sense_key=bank%1:06:00:: | definition=a building in which the business of banking transacted | synonyms=bank building | examples=the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon
10. sense_key=bank%1:04:00:: | definition=a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning) | examples=the plane went into a steep bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "bank" and the surface form "banks". The context is a passage about financial companies, the US property bubble, the financial crisis, and legal actions against banks. The passage mentions "18 major international banks" and "Deutsche Bank". So the sense is clearly related to financial institutions.

Let's look at the candidate senses:
1. Sloping land (geographical feature)
2. Financial institution that accepts deposits and lends money (synonyms: depository financial institution, banking concern, banking company) - examples: "he cashed a check at the bank; that bank holds the mortgage on my home"
3. Long ridge or pile
4. Arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers
5. Supply or stock held in reserve
6. Funds held by a gambling house
7. Slope in a turn of a road or track
8. Container for keeping money at home (coin bank)
9. Building in which banking transacted (bank building)
10. Flight maneuver

The context: "the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions ... Deutsche Bank also faces legal action ..." Clearly, these are financial institutions, not just buildings or containers. The sense "bank" here refers to the financial institution itself, not the building (sense 9) because the building wouldn't engage in transactions; the institution does. Also, the examples for sense 2 include "that bank holds the mortgage on my home", which aligns with mortgage transactions. So sense 2 is the best fit.

Therefore, the correct sense index is 2.

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
This sealed the fate of a number of financial companies when the US property bubble exploded in 2007. The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion <t>dollars</t>. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate the word "dollars" in the given context. The context mentions "200 billion dollars" and "14.2 billion dollars" in the context of mortgage transactions valued at large amounts. This refers to the monetary unit, not a specific coin or bill, nor a symbol of greed. Thus, the best sense is the basic monetary unit. Sense index 1: "the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents". The context talks about billions of dollars, so it's clearly the currency. Not a single one-dollar bill or coin. Therefore, sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: value
Target surface form: value
Context:
The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total <t>value</t> of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=value%1:09:00:: | definition=a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed | examples=the value assigned was 16 milliseconds
2. sense_key=value%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable | examples=the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world
3. sense_key=value%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else | synonyms=economic value | examples=he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices
4. sense_key=value%1:07:01:: | definition=relative darkness or lightness of a color; -Joe Hing Lowe | examples=I establish the colors and principal values by organizing the painting into three values--dark, medium...and light
5. sense_key=value%1:28:00:: | definition=(music) the relative duration of a musical note | synonyms=time value, note value
6. sense_key=value%1:09:01:: | definition=an ideal accepted by some individual or group | examples=he has old-fashioned values

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "value" in the context: "Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars from 2005 to 2007." The candidate senses are listed. We need to choose the best sense.

Let's examine the context: "multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion dollars". Here, "value" clearly refers to the monetary worth or amount of the transactions, i.e., the sum of money involved. So it's about the financial worth.

Now look at the candidate senses:
1. sense_key=value%1:09:00:: | definition=a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed | examples=the value assigned was 16 milliseconds. This is about a numerical quantity, could be any measurement. But the context is specifically monetary.
2. sense_key=value%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality (positive or negative) that renders something desirable or valuable | examples=the Shakespearean Shylock is of dubious value in the modern world. This is about desirability or worth in a more abstract sense.
3. sense_key=value%1:21:00:: | definition=the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else | synonyms=economic value | examples=he tried to estimate the value of the produce at normal prices. This is explicitly about monetary amount, economic value. Synonyms: economic value. This fits perfectly: "total value of 14.2 billion dollars" means the total economic value/amount.
4. sense_key=value%1:07:01:: | definition=relative darkness or lightness of a color. Not relevant.
5. sense_key=value%1:28:00:: | definition=(music) the relative duration of a musical note. Not relevant.
6. sense_key=value%1:09:01:: | definition=an ideal accepted by some individual or group. Not relevant.

Sense 3 is the most specific and appropriate: "the amount (of money or goods or services) that is considered to be a fair equivalent for something else". The context is about financial transactions' total value in dollars. So I choose sense 3.

Thus, the JSON output: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dollar
Target surface form: dollars
Context:
The US investment bank, Lehman Brothers, went belly-up in September 2008 at the height of the financial crisis. The banks battling against a strong wind in the USA several years later. Investors and regulators have brought a vast number of claims for compensation or to punish misconduct. The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has been behind the largest wave of claims. It accuses 18 major international banks of having taken in US lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac on mortgage transactions valued at around 200 billion dollars. Deutsche Bank also faces legal action by the FHFA covering multiple transactions with a total value of 14.2 billion <t>dollars</t> from 2005 to 2007. The regulator is demanding that the Frankfurt-based bank take responsibility for "substantial losses," but has not yet specified the exact sum.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dollar%1:23:00:: | definition=the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents
2. sense_key=dollar%1:21:00:: | definition=a piece of paper money worth one dollar | synonyms=dollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam
3. sense_key=dollar%1:21:01:: | definition=a United States coin worth one dollar | examples=the dollar coin has never been popular in the United States
4. sense_key=dollar%1:10:00:: | definition=a symbol of commercialism or greed | synonyms=dollar mark, dollar sign | examples=he worships the almighty dollar; the dollar sign means little to him

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "dollars" in the given context. The target surface form is "dollars" and it appears in the phrase "14.2 billion dollars". The context discusses financial transactions, specifically mortgage transactions valued at "around 200 billion dollars" and then "14.2 billion dollars". Clearly, it refers to a monetary amount, specifically U.S. dollars. That aligns with sense 1: the basic monetary unit. Sense 2 is about a one-dollar bill, but here we have billions of dollars, so it's not a piece of paper money worth one dollar. Sense 3 is a coin, not applicable. Sense 4 is metaphorical, not relevant. So the best sense is #1.

The instruction says: Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3} (example). So we'll return {"sense_index": 1}.