[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
A comprehensive development policy for governors over 30 would seem to be a more pressing need. What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their <t>children</t>. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best sense for "children" in the given context. The context is about education, parents, and children. The target sentence: "Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children." Here "children" refers to the offspring of parents, in the context of schooling. So it's clearly sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". The other senses: sense 1 is a young person, but here it's specifically in relation to parents, so offspring is more precise. Sense 3 is metaphorical "immature person", not applicable. Sense 4 is "member of a clan or tribe", not applicable. So the best is sense 2. But the instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we need to output {"sense_index": 2}.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: Parents
Context:
What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. <t>Parents</t> should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "Parents" in the given context. The target is "Parents" which is plural of "parent". The context is about parental involvement in education. The senses provided are: 1) a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian. 2) an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained. Clearly, sense 1 is about human parents, fitting the context. So the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: involved
Target surface form: involved
Context:
What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be <t>involved</t> with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=involved%3:00:00:: | definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved; the problems involved
2. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:encumbered:00 | definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | synonyms=mired | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved; brilliant leadership mired in details and confusion
3. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:attached:01 | definition=emotionally involved
4. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:complex:00 | definition=highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; - Sir Walter Scott | synonyms=Byzantine, convoluted, knotty, tangled, tortuous | examples=the Byzantine tax structure; Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship
5. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:enclosed:00 | definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist; the difficulties in which the question is involved

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to do word sense disambiguation for the word "involved" in the given context. We need to choose the best indexed sense from the candidate senses provided. The target surface form is "involved" and appears in the sentence: "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school."

Let's analyze the context. The overall passage discusses education reforms. The author argues against "parental involvement" in school, but says parents should be involved at home: "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school." Here, "involved" means taking part, participating, being engaged in something. It's about being actively engaged or participating in their children's education.

Now, look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=involved%3:00:00:: | definition=connected by participation or association or use | examples=we accomplished nothing, simply because of the large number of people involved; the problems involved. This sense is about being connected/participating. It seems to fit: parents should be participating/engaged in their children's education.

2. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:encumbered:00 | definition=entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire | synonyms=mired | examples=the difficulties in which the question is involved; brilliant leadership mired in details and confusion. This is negative, like being stuck or hindered. Not appropriate here.

3. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:attached:01 | definition=emotionally involved. This could be about emotional attachment, but the context doesn't emphasize emotions; it's about practical engagement (homework, truancy). So not the best.

4. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:complex:00 | definition=highly complex or intricate... This means complicated. Not fitting.

5. sense_key=involved%5:00:00:enclosed:00 | definition=enveloped | examples=a castle involved in mist. This is about being enveloped or surrounded. Not fitting.

Clearly, sense 1 is the best match. It means connected by participation. The other senses don't fit the context.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 1.

Now, the output format: {"sense_index": 1}

So the answer is that.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their <t>children</t>'s education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate "children" in the context. The context is about parental involvement in education. The sentence: "Parents should be involved with their <t>children</t>'s education at home..." Here, "children" refers to the offspring of the parents, i.e., their sons and daughters. That fits sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". Sense 1 is a young person, but the context focuses on the parent-child relationship, not just youth. Sense 3 is metaphorical for immature person, not applicable. Sense 4 is about tribe/clan, not relevant. So best is sense

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's <t>education</t> at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "education" in the given context. Let's analyze the context. The target word appears in: "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school." The broader context discusses educational systems, schooling, and education reforms. The specific sentence: "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school." Here, "education" refers to the learning and knowledge acquisition that children do, which parents can support at home (like making sure they do homework, etc.). It's not about the profession of teaching, not about the federal department, not about the result of good upbringing (breeding), and it's not strictly about the activities of educating in a formal sense. The sense should capture the concept of education as the process or the knowledge acquired.

Let's evaluate each sense:
1. education%1:04:00:: - activities of educating or instructing; synonyms: instruction, teaching, etc. Example: he received no formal education. In context, "children's education" could be interpreted as the activities of instructing them, but the phrase "at home, not in school" suggests that parents should be involved with their children's learning process at home, not the formal instruction at school. But the sense is about the activities (teaching). Could fit, but perhaps too narrow.
2. education%1:09:00:: - knowledge acquired by learning and instruction. Example: "it was clear that he had a very broad education." This sense focuses on the knowledge itself. In context, "their children's education" likely refers to the learning and educational development of the children, the knowledge they acquire. Parents being involved at home means supporting that knowledge acquisition (homework, etc.). This seems fitting.
3. education%1:09:01:: - the gradual process of acquiring knowledge. Examples: "education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's." Here, it's the process. "Children's education" could be the process of acquiring knowledge. Also fits well.
4. education%1:04:01:: - the profession of teaching. Definitely not.
5. education%1:07:01:: - result of good upbringing (breeding). Not appropriate; the context is about academic learning.
6. education%1:14:00:: - Department of Education. Clearly not.

So we need to choose between senses 1, 2, and 3. Sense 1 emphasizes the activities of instructing. Sense 2 is the knowledge acquired. Sense 3 is the gradual process of acquiring knowledge. In the sentence, "involved with their children's education at home," it's common to refer to education as the overall learning process and knowledge. The example in sense 3 includes "a girl's education" which is similar. Sense 2 example: "he had a very broad education" refers to the end result of knowledge. Here, "children's education" is ongoing, so the process sense (3) might be more apt. However, the gloss of sense 3 is "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge," which matches well. Sense 1 is more about the deliberate activities of teaching. At home, parents aren't necessarily instructing formally, but they are supporting the process. The phrase "education at home" often means the learning that takes place outside of school. I think sense 3 is the best fit.

Checking WordNet: sense 3 is "education%1:09:01::" with definition: the gradual process of acquiring knowledge. In fact, many contexts of "children's education" refer to the process. I'll go with sense 3.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: home
Target surface form: home
Context:
What Gov. Clinton is advocating, in effect, is extending the educational system down to the pre-kindergarten years. Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at <t>home</t>, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=home%1:15:04:: | definition=where you live at a particular time | synonyms=place | examples=deliver the package to my home; he doesn't have a home to go to
2. sense_key=home%1:06:00:: | definition=housing that someone is living in | synonyms=dwelling, domicile, abode, habitation, dwelling house | examples=he built a modest dwelling near the pond; they raise money to provide homes for the homeless
3. sense_key=home%1:15:02:: | definition=the country or state or city where you live | examples=Canadian tariffs enabled United States lumber companies to raise prices at home; his home is New Jersey
4. sense_key=home%1:06:02:: | definition=(baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score | synonyms=home plate, home base, plate | examples=he ruled that the runner failed to touch home
5. sense_key=home%1:15:05:: | definition=the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end | synonyms=base
6. sense_key=home%1:15:03:: | definition=place where something began and flourished | examples=the United States is the home of basketball
7. sense_key=home%1:26:00:: | definition=an environment offering affection and security | examples=home is where the heart is; he grew up in a good Christian home
8. sense_key=home%1:14:00:: | definition=a social unit living together | synonyms=family, household, house, menage | examples=he moved his family to Virginia; It was a good Christian household
9. sense_key=home%1:06:01:: | definition=an institution where people are cared for | synonyms=nursing home, rest home | examples=a home for the elderly

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "home" in the sentence: "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school." The context is about parental involvement in education, contrasting home and school. The word "home" here refers to the place where the family lives, where children do homework, etc., as opposed to the school environment.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. home%1:15:04:: "where you live at a particular time" – this seems general, like "my home" as a place. It fits the contrast with school.
2. home%1:06:00:: "housing that someone is living in" (dwelling) – also possible, but more physical structure.
3. home%1:15:02:: "the country or state or city where you live" – too broad; not about a specific house.
4. baseball sense – no.
5. base – no.
6. place of origin – no.
7. environment offering affection and security – might be metaphorical, but the context is about physical location for education.
8. social unit – family/household – could be interpreted as "in the household", but the sentence says "at home", so location, not the unit itself.
9. nursing home – no.

The phrase "at home" contrasts with "in school", so it's the physical place where the children live. Sense 1 specifically says "where you live at a particular time" and gives example "deliver the package to my home". Sense 2 is "dwelling", also physical. Distinguishing: Sense 1 is more abstract "place", Sense 2 is the building/structure. However, the context "at home" typically uses the sense of the place where one lives, not necessarily the building. Also, the examples for sense 1 include "he doesn't have a home to go to", which is about having a residence. Sense 2 focuses on housing as a structure: "built a modest dwelling". In the sentence, "education at home" means in the family's residence, not in a specific building. Sense 1 is the most common sense for "home" as a location where one lives. Also, WordNet sense mapping: "home%1:15:04::" is indexed as sense 1. I think sense 1 is the best fit.

But let's check: The instruction says: "Choose the single best indexed sense." The indexed senses are numbered 1 through 9. So I need to output the number. Sense 1 seems correct.

Thus: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: see
Target surface form: see
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should <t>see</t> to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=see%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight | examples=You have to be a good observer to see all the details; Can you see the bird in that tree?
2. sense_key=see%2:31:01:: | definition=perceive (an idea or situation) mentally | synonyms=understand, realize, realise | examples=Now I see!; I just can't see your point
3. sense_key=see%2:39:02:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, find | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
4. sense_key=see%2:36:00:: | definition=imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind | synonyms=visualize, visualise, envision, project, fancy, figure | examples=I can't see him on horseback!; I can see what will happen
5. sense_key=see%2:31:00:: | definition=deem to be | synonyms=consider, reckon, view, regard | examples=She views this quite differently from me; I consider her to be shallow
6. sense_key=see%2:31:02:: | definition=get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally | synonyms=learn, hear, get word, get wind, pick up, find out | examples=I learned that she has two grown-up children; I see that you have been promoted
7. sense_key=see%2:39:03:: | definition=see or watch | synonyms=watch, view, catch, take in | examples=view a show on television; This program will be seen all over the world
8. sense_key=see%2:38:00:: | definition=come together | synonyms=meet, run into, encounter, run across, come across | examples=I'll probably see you at the meeting; How nice to see you again!
9. sense_key=see%2:32:00:: | definition=find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort | synonyms=determine, check, find out, ascertain, watch, learn | examples=I want to see whether she speaks French; See whether it works
10. sense_key=see%2:31:03:: | definition=be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something | synonyms=check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain | examples=He verified that the valves were closed; See that the curtains are closed
11. sense_key=see%2:41:11:: | definition=go to see for professional or business reasons | examples=You should see a lawyer; We had to see a psychiatrist
12. sense_key=see%2:41:12:: | definition=go to see for a social visit | examples=I went to see my friend Mary the other day
13. sense_key=see%2:41:10:: | definition=go to see a place, as for entertainment | synonyms=visit | examples=We went to see the Eiffel Tower in the morning
14. sense_key=see%2:41:14:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, look | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
15. sense_key=see%2:35:09:: | definition=receive as a specified guest | examples=the doctor will see you now; The minister doesn't see anybody before noon
16. sense_key=see%2:41:00:: | definition=date regularly; have a steady relationship with | synonyms=go steady, go out, date | examples=Did you know that she is seeing an older man?; He is dating his former wife again!
17. sense_key=see%2:39:05:: | definition=see and understand, have a good eye | examples=The artist must first learn to see
18. sense_key=see%2:31:08:: | definition=deliberate or decide | examples=See whether you can come tomorrow; let's see--which movie should we see tonight?
19. sense_key=see%2:39:11:: | definition=observe as if with an eye | examples=The camera saw the burglary and recorded it
20. sense_key=see%2:39:13:: | definition=observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect | synonyms=examine | examples=The customs agent examined the baggage; I must see your passport before you can enter the country
21. sense_key=see%2:39:12:: | definition=go or live through | synonyms=experience, go through | examples=We had many trials to go through; he saw action in Viet Nam
22. sense_key=see%2:38:03:: | definition=accompany or escort | synonyms=escort | examples=I'll see you to the door
23. sense_key=see%2:33:00:: | definition=match or meet | examples=I saw the bet of one of my fellow players
24. sense_key=see%2:31:13:: | definition=make sense of; assign a meaning to | synonyms=interpret, construe | examples=What message do you see in this letter?; How do you interpret his behavior?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "see" in the context: "They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card."

The phrase is "see to it", which is a phrasal verb meaning to ensure or make certain. In the candidate senses, we look for a match. Sense 10: "be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something" with synonyms including "see to it", "ensure", "control", "ascertain", etc. Example: "See that the curtains are closed". This exactly matches "see to it that ...". So sense index 10 is correct.

We output JSON: {"sense_index": 10}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: kid
Target surface form: kids
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their <t>kids</t> do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=kid%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=child, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=kid%1:27:00:: | definition=soft smooth leather from the hide of a young goat | synonyms=kidskin | examples=kid gloves
3. sense_key=kid%1:18:02:: | definition=English dramatist (1558-1594) | synonyms=Kyd, Thomas Kyd, Thomas Kid
4. sense_key=kid%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=child | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
5. sense_key=kid%1:05:00:: | definition=young goat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "kids" in the given context. The target lemma is "kid" and the surface form is "kids". We have five candidate senses. We need to choose the single best indexed sense and return a JSON object with the sense_index (1-based index as listed). The senses are numbered 1 to 5.

Let's examine the context:
"Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- 'Parental involvement' is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their <t>kids</t> do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another."

The target word "kids" appears in the sentence: "They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; ..."

The context is about children, parents, education, school. The word "kids" refers to children, offspring of the parents.

Now look at the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: a young person of either sex (child, youngster, minor, etc.) examples: she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense 2: soft smooth leather from a young goat (kidskin) example: kid gloves
3. sense 3: English dramatist (1558-1594) (Kyd, Thomas Kyd, Thomas Kid)
4. sense 4: a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age (child) example: they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
5. sense 5: young goat

The context clearly refers to "their kids" as the offspring of the parents. Sense 4 is specifically about offspring (son or daughter). Sense 1 is more general: a young person. In the context, "their kids" implies the parents' own children, so sense 4 fits better. The example for sense 4: "they were able to send their kids to college" uses "their kids" similarly. The sentence even parallels: "they should see to it that their kids do not play truant" and later "the children" is used interchangeably, reinforcing the offspring sense. Thus, sense 4 is the most appropriate.

Sense 1 is also possible, but sense 4 is more specific to the family relationship, which is emphasized by "their kids". The context is about parental involvement with their own children. So I'll go with sense 4.

Therefore, the answer is {"sense_index": 4}.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: play
Target surface form: play
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not <t>play</t> truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=play%2:33:00:: | definition=participate in games or sport | examples=We played hockey all afternoon; play cards
2. sense_key=play%2:41:12:: | definition=act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome | examples=This factor played only a minor part in his decision; This development played into her hands
3. sense_key=play%2:36:12:: | definition=play on an instrument | examples=The band played all night long
4. sense_key=play%2:36:02:: | definition=play a role or part | synonyms=act, represent | examples=Gielgud played Hamlet; She wants to act Lady Macbeth, but she is too young for the role
5. sense_key=play%2:41:03:: | definition=be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children | examples=The kids were playing outside all day; I used to play with trucks as a little girl
6. sense_key=play%2:36:00:: | definition=replay (as a melody) | synonyms=spiel | examples=Play it again, Sam; She played the third movement very beautifully
7. sense_key=play%2:36:01:: | definition=perform music on (a musical instrument) | examples=He plays the flute; Can you play on this old recorder?
8. sense_key=play%2:29:01:: | definition=pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind | synonyms=act, act as | examples=He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad
9. sense_key=play%2:38:00:: | definition=move or seem to move quickly, lightly, or irregularly | examples=The spotlights played on the politicians
10. sense_key=play%2:33:01:: | definition=bet or wager (money) | examples=He played $20 on the new horse; She plays the races
11. sense_key=play%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in recreational activities rather than work; occupy oneself in a diversion | synonyms=recreate | examples=On weekends I play; The students all recreate alike
12. sense_key=play%2:36:06:: | definition=pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity | examples=Let's play like I am mommy; Play cowboy and Indians
13. sense_key=play%2:36:11:: | definition=emit recorded sound | examples=The tape was playing for hours; the stereo was playing Beethoven when I entered
14. sense_key=play%2:36:03:: | definition=perform on a certain location | examples=The prodigy played Carnegie Hall at the age of 16; She has been playing on Broadway for years
15. sense_key=play%2:33:03:: | definition=put (a card or piece) into play during a game, or act strategically as if in a card game | examples=He is playing his cards close to his chest; The Democrats still have some cards to play before they will concede the electoral victory
16. sense_key=play%2:29:00:: | definition=engage in an activity as if it were a game rather than take it seriously | synonyms=toy | examples=They played games on their opponents; play the stock market
17. sense_key=play%2:41:02:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=play safe; play it safe
18. sense_key=play%2:36:05:: | definition=cause to emit recorded audio or video | synonyms=run | examples=They ran the tapes over and over again; I'll play you my favorite record
19. sense_key=play%2:35:00:: | definition=manipulate manually or in one's mind or imagination | synonyms=toy, fiddle, diddle | examples=She played nervously with her wedding ring; Don't fiddle with the screws
20. sense_key=play%2:34:13:: | definition=use to one's advantage | examples=She plays on her clients' emotions
21. sense_key=play%2:31:01:: | definition=consider not very seriously | synonyms=dally, trifle | examples=He is trifling with her; She plays with the thought of moving to Tasmania
22. sense_key=play%2:42:00:: | definition=be received or accepted or interpreted in a specific way | examples=This speech didn't play well with the American public; His remarks played to the suspicions of the committee
23. sense_key=play%2:41:13:: | definition=behave carelessly or indifferently | synonyms=dally, toy, flirt | examples=Play about with a young girl's affection
24. sense_key=play%2:38:03:: | definition=cause to move or operate freely within a bounded space | examples=The engine has a wheel that is playing in a rack
25. sense_key=play%2:36:10:: | definition=perform on a stage or theater | synonyms=act, roleplay, playact | examples=She acts in this play; He acted in `Julius Caesar'
26. sense_key=play%2:36:04:: | definition=be performed or presented for public viewing | examples=What's playing in the local movie theater?; `Cats' has been playing on Broadway for many years
27. sense_key=play%2:36:13:: | definition=cause to happen or to occur as a consequence | synonyms=bring, work, wreak, make for | examples=I cannot work a miracle; wreak havoc
28. sense_key=play%2:35:07:: | definition=discharge or direct or be discharged or directed as if in a continuous stream | examples=play water from a hose; The fountains played all day
29. sense_key=play%2:33:07:: | definition=make bets | examples=Play the races; play the casinos in Trouville
30. sense_key=play%2:33:08:: | definition=stake on the outcome of an issue | synonyms=bet, wager | examples=I bet $100 on that new horse; She played all her money on the dark horse
31. sense_key=play%2:33:09:: | definition=shoot or hit in a particular manner | examples=She played a good backhand last night
32. sense_key=play%2:33:13:: | definition=use or move | examples=I had to play my queen
33. sense_key=play%2:33:12:: | definition=employ in a game or in a specific position | examples=They played him on first base
34. sense_key=play%2:33:02:: | definition=contend against an opponent in a sport, game, or battle | synonyms=meet, encounter, take on | examples=Princeton plays Yale this weekend; Charlie likes to play Mary
35. sense_key=play%2:29:04:: | definition=exhaust by allowing to pull on the line | examples=play a hooked fish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "play" in the context: "they should see to it that their kids do not play truant". The phrase is "play truant", which is an idiomatic expression meaning to stay away from school without permission. The target word is "play", but it's part of the phrase "play truant". We need to select the best sense from the given list.

Looking at the candidate senses, many are about games, sports, music, acting, etc. The phrase "play truant" is a fixed expression. In WordNet, "play truant" might be listed under a specific sense. Let's check the senses provided.

Sense 1: participate in games or sport. Not that.
Sense 2: act or have an effect in a specified way. Not that.
Sense 3: play on an instrument. No.
Sense 4: play a role. Not that.
Sense 5: be at play; amuse oneself. That's about playful activity, but "play truant" is not playful activity in that sense.
Sense 6: replay a melody. No.
Sense 7: perform music. No.
Sense 8: pretend to have certain qualities. "play truant" might be similar to "play" as in pretend? But "truant" is a noun, so "play truant" means to act like a truant. Actually, "play truant" is an idiom meaning to skip school. It might be under a sense like "act or behave in a certain way." Let's check sense 17: behave in a certain way, examples: play safe, play it safe. That seems close: "play truant" is behaving like a truant. Also sense 8: pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind, synonyms: act, act as, examples: He acted the idiot, She plays deaf. That could be similar: "play truant" might mean to act like a truant. But "truant" is not a state of mind or quality exactly; it's a role. Sense 12: pretend to be somebody in the framework of a game or playful activity. That's for kids playing pretend. Sense 4: play a role or part, but that's for acting on stage.

The phrase "play truant" is likely an idiom that means to be absent from school without permission. In some dictionaries, "play" in "play truant" is defined as "to act the part of (a truant)". So it's similar to "act" or "behave as". Given the candidate senses, sense 17: behave in a certain way (e.g., play safe, play it safe) seems plausible. But "play truant" is a fixed phrase. Also sense 8: pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind (She plays deaf). That also fits: to pretend to be a truant. But "play deaf" is pretending to be deaf, similar structure. Sense 8 has examples: "He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad." The gloss: "pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind." "Truant" is a quality or state? A truant is a person who stays away from school. So "play truant" could mean to pretend to be a truant, i.e., to act like a truant. That seems to fit sense 8 better than sense 17 because sense 17 is "behave in a certain way" with examples like "play safe", which is more about acting cautiously, not pretending to be something. Sense 8 explicitly has "act as" and examples of pretending.

Let's see if WordNet has an entry for "play truant" under a specific sense. I don't have direct WordNet access, but I recall that in WordNet, "play truant" might be listed under the sense "play" meaning "act or behave in a certain way" or specifically under a sense like "behave carelessly or indifferently"? No, sense 23 is "behave carelessly or indifferently" with example "Play about with a young girl's affection", not that.

Searching my memory: In WordNet 3.0, "play" has a sense "act or have an effect in a specified way or with a specific effect or outcome" (sense 2 here), but the example is "This factor played only a minor part", not for "play truant". There's also "participate in games or sport" (sense 1). But "play truant" is an idiom. Some dictionaries list "play" in "play truant" as a verb meaning "to be absent from school without permission". In WordNet, I think "truant" is a noun, and "play truant" might be under a sense like "behave in a certain way". Actually, I recall that WordNet has "play hooky" similar. In WordNet, "play hooky" is under the sense: "play hooky" means to skip school. But there is a sense: "be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children" (sense 5) – but that's not truancy.

Let's check sense 5: "be at play; be engaged in playful activity; amuse oneself in a way characteristic of children". That's the opposite: kids playing truant may be playing, but the phrase means to skip school, not necessarily to play.

Perhaps the best match is sense 17: "behave in a certain way" because "play" in "play truant" means to behave as a truant. Or sense 8: pretend to have certain qualities. I think sense 8 is more accurate because "play" + adjective/noun often means to pretend. For example, "play dead", "play deaf", "play the fool". In WordNet, "play" with the meaning "pretend to have certain qualities or state of mind" is exactly that. "Play truant" means to act the part of a truant; it's a pretense. So sense 8 seems correct.

But let's see the examples for sense 8: "He acted the idiot; She plays deaf when the news are bad." So "play deaf" is similar to "play truant" in structure. So I'll go with sense 8.

However, we must confirm that sense 8 is indeed indexed as 8. In the list, sense_key=play%2:29:01:: is number 8. So the answer should be {"sense_index": 8}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the <t>children</t> spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "child" with the surface form "children" in the given context. We have four candidate senses with definitions, synonyms, and examples. We need to choose the single best indexed sense and return a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}.

Let's analyze the context:

The text discusses child-care programs, education, parental involvement in children's education. The specific sentence with "children" is: "Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children." and "Parents should be involved with their children's education at home..." and "they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework". So here, "children" refers to the offspring of the parents, i.e., their sons and daughters. The context is about parents and their children in the context of education, homework, report cards. This clearly points to sense 2: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age". The example for sense 2: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college" matches the context of parents and their children's education.

Sense 1 refers to a young person, a minor, but in the context, the focus is on the relationship: "their children". It's not just a young person in general, it's specifically the parents' offspring. Sense 3 is about an immature childish person (a metaphorical use), which doesn't fit. Sense 4 about a member of a clan or tribe (like "children of Israel") is not applicable.

Thus, the best sense is sense_index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: spend
Target surface form: spend
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children <t>spend</t> enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=spend%2:42:00:: | definition=pass time in a specific way | synonyms=pass | examples=how are you spending your summer vacation?
2. sense_key=spend%2:40:00:: | definition=pay out | synonyms=expend, drop | examples=spend money
3. sense_key=spend%2:40:01:: | definition=spend completely | examples=I spend my pocket money in two days

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "spend" in the context: "They should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework". The target word is "spend" as in "spend time doing homework". Sense 1 is "pass time in a specific way", synonyms: pass, example: "how are you spending your summer vacation?". This perfectly matches the context where children spend time on homework. Sense 2 is about money, and sense 3 is about spending completely (money). So sense 1 is correct.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough <t>time</t> doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a context about a child-care program and education reforms. The target word is "time" in the phrase "the children spend enough <t>time</t> doing homework". We need to choose the best sense from the list of 10 senses.

Let's analyze the context: "they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework". Here, "time" refers to a period or duration spent on homework. It's about the amount of time, not a specific occasion, clock time, or a suitable moment. The phrase "spend enough time" is common for indicating a sufficient duration.

Looking at the senses:
1. an instance or single occasion for some event - "this time he succeeded; he called four times" - This is about a specific occasion, not a continuous period. Not appropriate here.
2. a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something - "take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish" - This fits perfectly: "spend enough time" implies using time as a resource, a period to accomplish homework.
3. an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) - "he waited a long time; the time of year for planting" - This could also work, but it's more general. Sense 2 specifically mentions "a period of time considered as a resource" and "sufficient to accomplish something", which matches "spend enough time" for doing homework.
4. a suitable moment - "it is time to go" - Not about duration; it's about the right moment.
5. the continuum of experience - Too abstract; not a specific amount.
6. a person's experience on a particular occasion - "he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together" - Not about duration.
7. a reading of a point in time as given by a clock - "do you know what time it is?" - Not about amount.
8. the fourth coordinate - Physics term, not relevant.
9. rhythm - Not relevant.
10. prison term - Not relevant.

Sense 2 is the best match. It explicitly talks about time as a resource and having enough to accomplish something. The example "I didn't have time to finish" is similar to "spend enough time doing homework".

Thus, I choose sense_index 2.

Final JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Wafer


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: scrutinize
Target surface form: scrutinize
Context:
Whether desirable or not, this is a child-care program, not an educational program. We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should <t>scrutinize</t> the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=scrutinize%2:39:00:: | definition=to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail | synonyms=size up, take stock, scrutinise | examples=he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror
2. sense_key=scrutinize%2:31:00:: | definition=examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification | synonyms=audit, scrutinise, inspect | examples=audit accounts and tax returns

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context." The target word is "scrutinize". The context: "... they should scrutinize the report card." The candidate senses are:

1. sense_key=scrutinize%2:39:00:: | definition=to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail | synonyms=size up, take stock, scrutinise | examples=he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror
2. sense_key=scrutinize%2:31:00:: | definition=examine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification | synonyms=audit, scrutinise, inspect | examples=audit accounts and tax returns

We need to pick the single best fit. The context: parents should "scrutinize the report card." A report card is a document showing grades. Parents likely examine it carefully to check the grades, maybe for accuracy? But is the sense more about looking at in detail (sense 1) or examining for accuracy/verification (sense 2)? The phrase "see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card." This suggests monitoring the child's performance. Scrutinizing a report card would involve looking at it carefully, critically, to assess how the child is doing. It might also involve verifying that the grades are correct, but the primary sense here is likely "to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail." The example for sense 1 is "he scrutinized his likeness in the mirror", which is about looking carefully. Sense 2 is specifically about verifying accuracy, with example "audit accounts and tax returns". While report cards could be checked for accuracy, the typical parent reads it to assess the child's performance, not primarily to audit it for errors. So sense 1 is more fitting.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If <t>parents</t> are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "parents" in the given context. The target lemma is "parent", surface form "parents". There are two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

The context is clearly about human parents in an educational setting. The text discusses parental involvement, parents blaming schools, parents ensuring homework, etc. So it refers to the human parents (father or mother). The second sense is about organisms in a biological context (plant or animal), not applicable here.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: option
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the <t>option</t> of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "option" in the given context. The context is: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another." The target is "option".

Candidate senses:

1. Financial sense: right to buy or sell property. Not relevant here.

2. "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen" i.e., an alternative, a choice. Synonyms: alternative, choice. Examples: "what option did I have?"; "there no other alternative".

3. "the act of choosing or selecting". Synonyms: choice, selection, pick. Examples: "your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick".

In context, "they should have the option of switching to another." Here, "option" refers to the possibility or alternative available to them. It is not the act of choosing, but rather the thing that can be chosen. The parents have the alternative of switching schools. So sense 2 ("one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen") fits best. Sense 3 would be about the act of choosing, but here it's the thing they have: they have the option (alternative). So sense 2.

Thus output: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: switch
Target surface form: switching
Context:
We know that very early exposure to schooling improves performance in the first grade, but afterward the difference is quickly washed away. Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of <t>switching</t> to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=switch%2:30:03:: | definition=change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence | synonyms=switch over, exchange
2. sense_key=switch%2:40:00:: | definition=exchange or give (something) in exchange for | synonyms=trade, swap, swop
3. sense_key=switch%2:30:02:: | definition=lay aside, abandon, or leave for another | synonyms=shift, change | examples=switch to a different brand of beer; She switched psychiatrists
4. sense_key=switch%2:30:01:: | definition=make a shift in or exchange of | synonyms=change over, shift | examples=First Joe led; then we switched
5. sense_key=switch%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation | synonyms=throw, flip | examples=switch on the light; throw the lever
6. sense_key=switch%2:35:03:: | definition=flog with or as if with a flexible rod
7. sense_key=switch%2:30:00:: | definition=reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action) | synonyms=interchange, tack, alternate, flip, flip-flop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform WSD on the word "switching" in the context. The sentence is: "If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another." Here, "switching" means changing from one school to another. The parents would move their child from one school to another. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=switch%2:30:03:: | definition=change over, change around, as to a new order or sequence | synonyms=switch over, exchange. This is about changing order/sequence, not necessarily about moving from one thing to another. Could fit, but might be more about rearranging.

2. sense_key=switch%2:40:00:: | definition=exchange or give (something) in exchange for | synonyms=trade, swap, swop. This involves exchanging one thing for another, like trading. "Switching schools" is not exactly trading; it's simply moving from one to another.

3. sense_key=switch%2:30:02:: | definition=lay aside, abandon, or leave for another | synonyms=shift, change | examples=switch to a different brand of beer; She switched psychiatrists. This seems perfect: abandoning one school and choosing another. The example "She switched psychiatrists" is very similar to switching schools. So this is a strong candidate.

4. sense_key=switch%2:30:01:: | definition=make a shift in or exchange of | synonyms=change over, shift | examples=First Joe led; then we switched. This is about exchanging roles or positions, like taking turns. Not quite right for switching schools.

5. sense_key=switch%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to go on or to be engaged or set in operation | synonyms=throw, flip | examples=switch on the light; throw the lever. Obviously not.

6. sense_key=switch%2:35:03:: | definition=flog with or as if with a flexible rod. Not.

7. sense_key=switch%2:30:00:: | definition=reverse (a direction, attitude, or course of action) | synonyms=interchange, tack, alternate, flip, flip-flop. This is about reversing or alternating, like switching sides. Not quite the simple change from one to another.

Thus, sense 3 is the best fit. It explicitly mentions leaving one for another, with examples of switching brands and switching psychiatrists, which parallels switching schools.

Hence, answer: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: community
Target surface form: Community
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "<t>Community</t> involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=community%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people living in a particular local area | examples=the team is drawn from all parts of the community
2. sense_key=community%1:21:00:: | definition=common ownership | examples=they shared a community of possessions
3. sense_key=community%1:14:04:: | definition=a group of nations having common interests | examples=they hoped to join the NATO community
4. sense_key=community%1:26:00:: | definition=agreement as to goals | synonyms=community of interests | examples=the preachers and the bootleggers found they had a community of interests
5. sense_key=community%1:15:00:: | definition=a district where people live; occupied primarily by private residences | synonyms=residential district, residential area
6. sense_key=community%1:14:02:: | definition=(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other | synonyms=biotic community

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "Community" in the given context. The context is discussing education reforms and says: "-- "<t>Community</t> involvement "is an even worse idea." Here, "Community involvement" refers to the involvement of the community (local people, groups) in schools. The text contrasts it with "parental involvement" and mentions New York City experience. So "community" here likely refers to the people living in a particular area (sense 1) or the residential district (sense 5). But sense 5 is more about the physical district (residential area), while sense 1 is about the group of people. "Community involvement" typically means involvement of local people, groups, organizations, etc. Sense 1: "a group of people living in a particular local area" fits perfectly. Sense 4 (agreement as to goals) might be possible but "community involvement" in this context implies the local populace. Also sense 2 (common ownership) doesn't fit. Sense 3 (nations) no. Sense 6 (ecology) no. So the best is sense 1.

The instruction: return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. So we output {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: even
Target surface form: even
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an <t>even</t> worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=even%4:02:00:: | definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that; declined even to consider the idea
2. sense_key=even%4:02:03:: | definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works; even with his head start she caught up with him
3. sense_key=even%4:02:01:: | definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | synonyms=yet, still | examples=looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem
4. sense_key=even%4:02:04:: | definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "even" in the given context. The context is: "Community involvement is an even worse idea." The target is "even" and we need to choose the best sense from the four given candidate senses.

Let's analyze the context: The sentence says "Community involvement is an even worse idea." This is comparing "community involvement" to "parental involvement" which was previously mentioned as a bad idea. So it's saying that community involvement is worse than parental involvement. The use of "even" here indicates a greater degree, emphasizing the comparison: it's worse, even more so than the already bad idea. This fits the sense of "to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons". The examples for sense 3: "looked sick and felt even worse; an even (or still) more interesting problem" match perfectly. Synonyms: "yet, still". In this context, "even worse" is a comparative phrase. It does not mean "unexpected" (sense 1), nor "in spite of" (sense 2), nor "to the full extent" (sense 4). Sense 3 is the correct one.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index": 3}.

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: worse
Target surface form: worse
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even <t>worse</t> idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=worse%3:00:00:: | definition=(comparative of `bad') inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability | examples=this road is worse than the first one we took; the road is in worse shape than it was
2. sense_key=worse%3:00:02:: | definition=changed for the worse in health or fitness | synonyms=worsened | examples=I feel worse today; her cold is worse
3. sense_key=bad%3:00:00:: | definition=having undesirable or negative qualities | synonyms=bad | examples=a bad report card; his sloppy appearance made a bad impression
4. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:intense:00 | definition=very intense | synonyms=bad, big | examples=a bad headache; in a big rage
5. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:uncomfortable:00 | definition=feeling physical discomfort or pain (`tough' is occasionally used colloquially for `bad') | synonyms=bad, tough | examples=my throat feels bad; she felt bad all over
6. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:stale:00 | definition=(of foodstuffs) not in an edible or usable condition | synonyms=bad, spoiled, spoilt | examples=bad meat; a refrigerator full of spoilt food
7. sense_key=regretful%3:00:00:: | definition=feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone | synonyms=regretful, sorry, bad | examples=felt regretful over his vanished youth; regretful over mistakes she had made
8. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:invalid:00 | definition=not capable of being collected | synonyms=bad, uncollectible | examples=a bad (or uncollectible) debt
9. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:inferior:02 | definition=below average in quality or performance | synonyms=bad | examples=a bad chess player; a bad recital
10. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:nonstandard:03 | definition=nonstandard | synonyms=bad | examples=so-called bad grammar
11. sense_key=bad%5:00:02:unsound:00 | definition=not financially safe or secure | synonyms=bad, risky, high-risk, speculative | examples=a bad investment; high risk investments
12. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:unhealthy:00 | definition=physically unsound or diseased | synonyms=bad, unfit, unsound | examples=has a bad back; a bad heart
13. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:harmful:00 | definition=capable of harming | synonyms=bad | examples=bad air; smoking is bad for you
14. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:evil:00 | definition=characterized by wickedness or immorality | synonyms=bad | examples=led a very bad life
15. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:counterfeit:00 | definition=reproduced fraudulently | synonyms=bad, forged | examples=like a bad penny...; a forged twenty dollar bill
16. sense_key=bad%5:00:00:malfunctioning:00 | definition=not working properly | synonyms=bad, defective | examples=a bad telephone connection; a defective appliance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to do Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "worse" in the given context. The target lemma is "worse", surface form "worse". The context is a passage about education reforms. It says: "Community involvement is an even worse idea." It compares it to "parental involvement" which was previously called a bad idea. So "worse" is being used as a comparative adjective meaning "more bad" in terms of quality or desirability. The candidate senses include two direct senses for "worse" and many for "bad".

Sense 1: (comparative of 'bad') inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability. Example: this road is worse than the first one we took. This fits: "an even worse idea" implies the idea is more inferior/greater in undesirability than the previous one.

Sense 2: changed for the worse in health or fitness. Example: I feel worse today. This is about health, not relevant here.

The rest are senses of "bad", but since the word is "worse", it's specifically the comparative form. WordNet has two senses for "worse" as an adjective (sense 1 and 2). The comparative of "bad" is usually "worse", and it maps to the comparative meaning. The sentence uses "worse" to compare ideas: community involvement is a worse idea than parental involvement. So sense 1 is the best fit.

Thus, the sense index is 1.

Return {"sense_index": 1}

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: idea
Target surface form: idea
Context:
Let us sum up what we do know about education and about those education reforms that do work and do not work: -- "Parental involvement "is a bad idea. Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse <t>idea</t>. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=idea%1:09:00:: | definition=the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about | synonyms=thought | examples=it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind
2. sense_key=idea%1:09:01:: | definition=your intention; what you intend to do | synonyms=mind | examples=he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces
3. sense_key=idea%1:09:03:: | definition=a personal view | examples=he has an idea that we don't like him
4. sense_key=idea%1:09:02:: | definition=an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth | synonyms=estimate, estimation, approximation | examples=an estimate of what it would cost; a rough idea how long it would take
5. sense_key=idea%1:10:00:: | definition=(music) melodic subject of a musical composition | synonyms=theme, melodic theme, musical theme | examples=the theme is announced in the first measures; the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "idea" in the given context. The target surface form is "idea" and the context is a passage about education reforms. The specific sentence is: "Community involvement 'is an even worse <t>idea</t>." We need to choose from the five candidate senses.

Let's analyze the context. The speaker is evaluating education reforms: "Parental involvement is a bad idea." Then: "Community involvement is an even worse idea." So "idea" here refers to a proposal, a notion, or a plan that is considered good or bad. It's not just a thought in general, but a specific proposal for education reform. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_index=1: "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about" (synonyms: thought). Example: "it was not a good idea; the thought never entered my mind." This could fit, as the sentence "it was not a good idea" is similar to our context. But it's very broad.

2. sense_index=2: "your intention; what you intend to do" (synonyms: mind). Example: "he had in mind to see his old teacher; the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces." This is about intention or purpose. The context is about reforms that "do work and do not work," so it's about plans or proposals, not necessarily just intention. But saying "a bad idea" often refers to a planned course of action. This sense could apply.

3. sense_index=3: "a personal view". Example: "he has an idea that we don't like him." This is more about a notion or belief about a situation. The context is about a specific policy proposal ("parental involvement," "community involvement") being a bad idea. That is more than a personal view; it's about a concept or strategy.

4. sense_index=4: "an approximate calculation of quantity or degree or worth" (synonyms: estimate, estimation, approximation). Example: "a rough idea how long it would take." This clearly does not fit.

5. sense_index=5: "(music) melodic subject of a musical composition." Not relevant.

So we have to decide between sense 1 and sense 2. In the examples for sense 1: "it was not a good idea" is almost exactly the phrase used in the context: "is a bad idea" and "is an even worse idea." So that example seems directly parallel. Sense 2's example "the idea of the game is to capture all the pieces" uses "idea" to mean the purpose. The context is not about the purpose of an activity but about a proposal. When you say "X is a bad idea," you are evaluating the thought or proposal itself, not necessarily one's intention. However, sense 1 is a very general "thought," and sense 2 is about intention. The sentence "Parental involvement is a bad idea" means the proposal or plan of having parental involvement is a bad idea. That aligns with the meaning "a thought or plan" (sense 1), rather than "intention." Sense 2 focuses on "what you intend to do." But when you call something a bad idea, you are criticizing the concept, not necessarily the intention behind it. You might say "My idea is to start a business" (intention), but then someone says "That's a bad idea" — they are evaluating the idea itself. So the evaluated entity is the content of cognition. Therefore, sense 1 seems more appropriate.

Also, WordNet often has this specific usage: "it was not a good idea" as an example for sense 1. So I'll choose sense_index 1.

But let's double-check: The definition for sense 1 is "the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about." The example "it was not a good idea" shows that it can be used judgmentally. Sense 2 is "your intention; what you intend to do." In our context, "community involvement" is a policy, not necessarily someone's immediate intention. The speaker is classifying it as a bad idea in the abstract. So sense 1 fits better.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: Here
Context:
Parents are too likely to blame schools for the educational limitations of their children. Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. <t>Here</t>, the experience of New York City is decisive. Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "here" in the given context. The target is "Here" at the start of a sentence: "Here, the experience of New York City is decisive." This means that in this matter or situation, the experience of New York City is decisive. It's not a physical location, nor a direction, nor a time. It's used to introduce a point: "on this point" or "in this respect". Looking at the senses:

1. in or at this place (physical location) - not applicable.
2. in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail - example: "here I must disagree" - that fits perfectly. The context is: "Community involvement is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive." So it's introducing an argument or point.
3. to this place (hither) - not applicable.
4. at this time; now - not about time, but about a point in the argument.

Thus sense 2 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: locally
Target surface form: Locally
Context:
Parents should be involved with their children's education at home, not in school. They should see to it that their kids do not play truant; they should make certain that the children spend enough time doing homework; they should scrutinize the report card. If parents are dissatisfied with a school, they should have the option of switching to another. -- "Community involvement "is an even worse idea. Here, the experience of New York City is decisive. <t>Locally</t> elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians. New York is in the process of trying to disengage itself from a 20-year-old commitment to this system of school governance, even as Chicago and other cities are moving to institute it.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00:: | definition=by a particular locality | examples=it was locally decided
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01:: | definition=to a restricted area of the body | synonyms=topically | examples=apply this medicine topically

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "locally" in the given context. The target lemma is "locally", surface form "Locally". The sentence: "Locally elected school boards, especially in our larger cities, become the prey of ambitious, generally corrupt, and invariably demagogic local politicians or would-be politicians."

We have two candidate senses:
1. sense_key=locally%4:02:00:: | definition=by a particular locality | examples=it was locally decided
2. sense_key=locally%4:02:01:: | definition=to a restricted area of the body | synonyms=topically | examples=apply this medicine topically

Clearly, sense 2 is about applying medicine to a specific part of the body, which is irrelevant here. The context is about education and school boards elected locally (by a particular locality). The example for sense 1: "it was locally decided" fits perfectly. "Locally elected school boards" means school boards elected by a particular locality. So sense 1 is correct.

Thus, the answer is sense index 1. We return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}.