[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: driver
Target surface form: driver
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the <t>driver</t> started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=driver%1:18:00:: | definition=the operator of a motor vehicle
2. sense_key=driver%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle
3. sense_key=driver%1:18:01:: | definition=a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
4. sense_key=driver%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device | synonyms=device driver
5. sense_key=driver%1:06:00:: | definition=a golf club (a wood) with a near vertical face that is used for hitting long shots from the tee | synonyms=number one wood

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best sense for "driver" in the given context. The context: A truck driver gets angry, jumps down, curses. Clearly refers to the operator of a motor vehicle. So sense 1 is the best. Return {"sense_index": 1}.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: start
Target surface form: started
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver <t>started</t> to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=start%2:30:00:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
2. sense_key=start%2:30:01:: | definition=set in motion, cause to start | synonyms=begin, lead off, commence | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East; The Iraqis began hostilities
3. sense_key=start%2:38:02:: | definition=leave | synonyms=depart, part, start out, set forth, set off, set out | examples=The family took off for Florida
4. sense_key=start%2:42:00:: | definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | synonyms=begin | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill; The second movement begins after the Allegro
5. sense_key=start%2:36:00:: | definition=bring into being | synonyms=originate, initiate | examples=He initiated a new program; Start a foundation
6. sense_key=start%2:36:01:: | definition=get off the ground | synonyms=start up, embark on, commence | examples=Who started this company?; We embarked on an exciting enterprise
7. sense_key=start%2:38:04:: | definition=move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm | synonyms=startle, jump | examples=She startled when I walked into the room
8. sense_key=start%2:38:01:: | definition=get going or set in motion | synonyms=start up | examples=We simply could not start the engine; start up the computer
9. sense_key=start%2:38:00:: | definition=begin or set in motion | synonyms=go, get going | examples=I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!
10. sense_key=start%2:41:00:: | definition=begin work or acting in a certain capacity, office or job | synonyms=take up | examples=Take up a position; start a new job
11. sense_key=start%2:33:00:: | definition=play in the starting lineup
12. sense_key=start%2:42:03:: | definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | synonyms=begin | examples=The novel begins with a murder; My property begins with the three maple trees
13. sense_key=start%2:41:04:: | definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | synonyms=begin | examples=begin a cigar; She started the soup while it was still hot
14. sense_key=start%2:38:03:: | definition=bulge outward | synonyms=protrude, pop, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out | examples=His eyes popped

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are given the context: "So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record." The target word is "started", surface form "started". We need to disambiguate among the given senses. The context is about the driver beginning to curse. So the sense is "to begin doing something." Looking at the candidate senses:

1. definition: take the first step or steps in carrying out an action. synonyms: get down, begin, get, start out, set about, set out. example: "We began working at dawn; Who will start?" This fits perfectly: the driver started to curse = began cursing.

2. set in motion, cause to start. synonyms: begin, lead off, commence. Example: "The U.S. started a war..." This is transitive, causing something to start. Here, "started to curse" is intransitive, the driver himself started cursing, not causing someone else to start.

3. leave. Not applicable.

4. have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense. Example: "The DMZ begins right over the hill." Not an action being taken.

5. bring into being, originate, initiate. Example: "He initiated a new program." Again, transitive, creating something. Not about beginning to curse.

6. get off the ground, embark on. Example: "Who started this company?" Transitive.

7. move or jump suddenly, as if in surprise or alarm. Not applicable.

8. get going or set in motion. Example: "start up the computer." Transitive.

9. begin or set in motion. Example: "I start at eight in the morning; Ready, set, go!" This could work, but sense 1 is more specific to beginning an action. Sense 9: "begin or set in motion" with synonyms "go, get going". The example "I start at eight in the morning" suggests beginning work, not necessarily taking the first steps in an action like cursing. Also "Ready, set, go!" is about starting a race. While it might be acceptable, sense 1 is a better fit because "started to curse" is directly "took the first step in the action of cursing".

10. begin work or acting in a certain capacity. Example: "Take up a position" – not about beginning to curse.

11. play in the starting lineup – not applicable.

12. have a beginning characterized in some specified way. Example: "The novel begins with a murder" – not applicable.

13. begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object. Example: "begin a cigar" – not applicable (no direct object here; "to curse" is an infinitive complement).

14. bulge outward – not applicable.

Thus, sense 1 is the most appropriate.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: curse
Target surface form: curse
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to <t>curse</t> at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=curse%2:32:00:: | definition=utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms=cuss, blaspheme, swear, imprecate | examples=The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street
2. sense_key=curse%2:32:02:: | definition=heap obscenities upon | examples=The taxi driver who felt he didn't get a high enough tip cursed the passenger
3. sense_key=curse%2:32:01:: | definition=wish harm upon; invoke evil upon | synonyms=beshrew, damn, bedamn, anathemize, anathemise, imprecate | examples=The bad witch cursed the child
4. sense_key=curse%2:32:03:: | definition=exclude from a church or a religious community | synonyms=excommunicate, unchurch | examples=The gay priest was excommunicated when he married his partner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "curse" in the given context. The target is "curse" with the surface form "curse" (likely a typo, should be "curse"? Actually it says "curse" but the context has "curse" - wait, the target lemma is "curse", surface form "curse". The context shows: "So the driver started to <t>curse</t> at both of them..." So it's clearly "curse", meaning to utter profanities at someone.

Let's see the senses:
1. utter obscenities or profanities (intransitive? example: drunken men cursing loudly)
2. heap obscenities upon (transitive, direct object: cursed the passenger)
3. wish harm upon; invoke evil upon (like a witch cursing a child)
4. excommunicate from a church.

In the context, the driver is angry and starts to curse at both of them. The phrase is "curse at", which is typically used with sense 1 (intransitive with "at"). Sense 2 is transitive without "at" (cursed the passenger). Sense 3 is about wishing harm, not just profanity. Sense 4 is religious exclusion.

The example for sense 1: "The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street" - intransitive. The example for sense 2: "The taxi driver cursed the passenger" - transitive. Here it's "curse at", so it's more like sense 1. The driver is uttering profanities in their direction, not necessarily "heaping obscenities upon" as a direct object. So sense 1 is the best.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index":

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: plot
Target surface form: plot
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a <t>plot</t> together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=plot%1:09:00:: | definition=a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal) | synonyms=secret plan, game | examples=they concocted a plot to discredit the governor; I saw through his little game from the start
2. sense_key=plot%1:15:00:: | definition=a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation | synonyms=plot of land, plot of ground, patch | examples=a bean plot; a cabbage patch
3. sense_key=plot%1:10:00:: | definition=the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc. | examples=the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal
4. sense_key=plot%1:10:01:: | definition=a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the context: "So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a <t>plot</t> together to ruin his safe-driving record." The target word is "plot", enclosed in <t> tags.

We need to choose the correct sense from the given four options.

Sense 1: a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal). Synonyms: secret plan, game. Examples: "they concocted a plot to discredit the governor; I saw through his little game from the start."

Sense 2: a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation. Synonyms: plot of land, plot of ground, patch. Examples: "a bean plot; a cabbage patch."

Sense 3: the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc. Examples: "the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal"

Sense 4: a chart or map showing the movements or progress of an object.

In the context, the driver curses at them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. This clearly indicates a secret scheme or conspiracy. The phrase "in a plot together" suggests they conspired. So sense 1 fits perfectly.

Thus, answer should be sense_index: 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Wafer


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ruin
Target surface form: ruin
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to <t>ruin</t> his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ruin%2:35:00:: | definition=destroy completely; damage irreparably | synonyms=destroy | examples=You have ruined my car by pouring sugar in the tank!; The tears ruined her make-up
2. sense_key=ruin%2:41:00:: | definition=destroy or cause to fail | examples=This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election
3. sense_key=ruin%2:40:00:: | definition=reduce to bankruptcy | synonyms=bankrupt, break, smash | examples=My daughter's fancy wedding is going to break me!; The slump in the financial markets smashed him
4. sense_key=ruin%2:35:01:: | definition=reduce to ruins | examples=The country lay ruined after the war
5. sense_key=ruin%2:35:02:: | definition=deprive of virginity | synonyms=deflower | examples=This dirty old man deflowered several young girls in the village
6. sense_key=ruin%2:30:00:: | definition=fall into ruin

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "ruin" and context. We need to choose the best sense from the six provided. Let's analyze the context.

Context: "So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record."

The phrase is "ruin his safe-driving record". What does it mean to ruin a record? It means to damage it, to make it no longer perfect or good. In driving, a safe-driving record likely means a record of no accidents or violations. By almost hitting someone, the driver might get a mark on his record, thus ruining it. So "ruin" here means to spoil or destroy the quality of something.

Now let's examine the senses:

1. ruin%2:35:00:: destroy completely; damage irreparably. Examples: "You have ruined my car by pouring sugar in the tank!"; "The tears ruined her make-up". This sense is about physical damage or spoiling something physical or abstract but often tangible. "Ruin his safe-driving record" is not physical; it's an abstract record. However, the sense can be used metaphorically. The synonyms: destroy. In the example, "ruined her make-up" is similar: it's spoiling the perfect condition. A safe-driving record is like a perfect score; ruining it means spoiling it. So sense 1 might fit.

2. ruin%2:41:00:: destroy or cause to fail. Examples: "This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election". This sense is about causing something to fail or be unsuccessful. Ruining a record means damaging it, causing it to no longer be clean. That could be interpreted as causing the record to fail as a good record. The example "ruin your chances" is similar: it's about spoiling an abstract opportunity. So sense 2 might also fit.

We need to differentiate between these two. Sense 1 emphasizes "destroy completely; damage irreparably", and the examples are about tangible things or make-up. Sense 2 is more about causing failure or spoiling abstract chances. The safe-driving record is an abstract thing: it's a record of incidents. Ruining it means damaging it so it's no longer perfect. This is closer to spoiling an abstract quality, like chances. Also, note the example for sense 1: "You have ruined my car by pouring sugar in the tank!" – that's physical destruction. Sense 2's example is about behavior ruining chances. The context: the driver thinks they plotted to ruin his safe-driving record, i.e., to cause an incident that would blemish his record. So it's causing his record to no longer be clean, causing it to fail as a perfect record. So I lean toward sense 2.

Sense 3: reduce to bankruptcy. Not relevant.

Sense 4: reduce to ruins (like a building). Not relevant.

Sense 5: deprive of virginity. Not relevant.

Sense 6: fall into ruin (intransitive). Not relevant (the verb is transitive here: "...to ruin his... record").

Thus, the choice is between 1 and 2. Let's see if there's more nuance. WordNet separates these senses. In sense 2, the definition is "destroy or cause to fail". The "cause to fail" part aligns with failing a record. Sense 1 is "destroy completely; damage irreparably". The phrase "ruin his safe-driving record" typically means to tarnish it, to make it no longer spotless. It's not necessarily destroying the record itself (the record still exists, but it has a blemish), but it's damaging its perfect status. In many contexts, "ruin" for a record means to spoil it. WordNet example for sense 2: "This behavior will ruin your chances of winning the election" – that is very similar: ruining an abstract chance. A safe-driving record is like a record of achievements; ruining it means causing it to no longer be perfect, which could cause you to lose something (like insurance discounts). So sense 2 seems more appropriate.

Moreover, in WordNet, sense 2 is often used for non-physical ruin: ruin one's chances, ruin a reputation, etc. Sense 1 is more for physical or tangible things. I'll go with sense 2.

So the answer is sense_index 2.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: record
Target surface form: record
Context:
Brakes howled and a horn blared furiously, but the man would have been hit if Phil hadn't called out to him a second before. His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving <t>record</t>. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=record%1:10:03:: | definition=anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events | examples=the film provided a valuable record of stage techniques
2. sense_key=record%1:06:00:: | definition=sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove | synonyms=phonograph record, phonograph recording, disk, disc, platter
3. sense_key=record%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had | examples=at 9-0 they have the best record in their league
4. sense_key=record%1:04:01:: | definition=the sum of recognized accomplishments | synonyms=track record | examples=the lawyer has a good record; the track record shows that he will be a good president
5. sense_key=record%1:10:02:: | definition=a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone | synonyms=record book, book | examples=Al Smith used to say, `Let's look at the record'; his name is in all the record books
6. sense_key=record%1:04:00:: | definition=an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport) | examples=he tied the Olympic record; coffee production last year broke all previous records
7. sense_key=record%1:21:00:: | definition=a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction | examples=they could find no record of the purchase
8. sense_key=record%1:10:00:: | definition=a list of crimes for which an accused person has been previously convicted | synonyms=criminal record | examples=he ruled that the criminal record of the defendant could not be disclosed to the court; the prostitute had a record a mile long

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "record" with surface form "record" in a specific context. We need to choose the best sense from 8 candidate senses. The context is about a near-accident: a man saved by Phil, a truck driver angry, and the driver cursing them "as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record." So "record" here refers to the driver's history of safe driving, likely a documented or recognized accomplishment of driving safely, maybe an official record or just a reputation. Let's examine the senses:

1. record%1:10:03:: anything providing permanent evidence of or information about past events. Example: "the film provided a valuable record of stage techniques." This is very broad, could work but "safe-driving record" might be more specific.

2. record%1:06:00:: sound recording (phonograph record). Clearly not.

3. record%1:23:00:: number of wins/losses/ties a team has. Not fitting.

4. record%1:04:01:: the sum of recognized accomplishments; synonyms: track record. Example: "the lawyer has a good record". This seems plausible: safe-driving record is a kind of track record of accomplishments in driving safely. The sense is about recognized accomplishments, often in a professional context, but could be extended. The example "the lawyer has a good record" matches the phrase "safe-driving record" in that it's a performance history.

5. record%1:10:02:: a compilation of known facts; record book. Example: "Let's look at the record". This is more about a set of facts compiled, often official. A safe-driving record could be considered a compilation of facts about the driver's history.

6. record%1:04:00:: extreme attainment; best/worst performance (sports record). Not fitting.

7. record%1:21:00:: a document as legal evidence of a transaction. Example: "record of the purchase". Not fitting; safe-driving record isn't typically a legal document, though it could be a record kept by the DMV, but the sense here is about evidence of a transaction.

8. record%1:10:00:: a list of crimes; criminal record. Not fitting, as it's about crimes and conviction list.

Now, "safe-driving record" is a common phrase. It refers to a driver's history of driving incidents (accidents, tickets, etc.), often used in insurance contexts. It's an accumulation of past events that are recorded somehow, providing evidence of how safe the driver has been. Sense 4: "the sum of recognized accomplishments" with synonym "track record". "Track record" is often used metaphorically: "He has a good track record in sales." So "safe-driving record" is essentially a track record of driving safely. Sense 4 fits well.

Sense 5: "a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone" - this could also fit, as a driving record is often a compilation of facts (tickets, accidents). Example: "Let's look at the record" is about looking at someone's history. But sense 5 is more about an actual compilation, like a record book, whereas sense 4 is about the sum of accomplishments. In context, the driver is cursing them for ruining his safe-driving record. The driver likely cares about his record of safe driving, possibly for insurance rates, employment, etc. It's more about his performance history (accomplishments) rather than just a compilation of facts. The phrase "safe-driving record" is idiomatic for a track record. Also, the WordNet example for sense 4: "the lawyer has a good record" is very similar to "safe-driving record". Sense 4 also has the gloss "the sum of recognized accomplishments", which captures the idea that it's about the quality of past performance. Therefore, I'd select sense 4.

Sense 1 is broad: anything providing permanent evidence. But sense 4 is more specific and idiomatic. The context: "ruin his safe-driving record" suggests a recognized history of safe driving. Sense 4 is the best fit.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 4}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: man
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the <t>man</t> he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "man" in the given context. The target is "man" in the sentence: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word." So the "man" is the one saved by Haney. The context: There was a stranger who was almost hit by a truck, Haney saved him, the truck driver was angry, and then "the man he saved" turned and looked at the driver. "He" refers to Haney? Actually: "the stranger was thanking Haney profusely", so Haney saved the stranger. Then "the man he saved" -> Haney saved the man. So "man" refers to the stranger, an adult male person. It's clearly a human male. The candidate senses:

1. adult male (as opposed to a woman) - fits perfectly: the stranger is a male (implied, but typically "man" here means male adult).
3. generic human being - could also be possible, but the context specifies "guy" earlier: "the guy had been hit", so it's a male. The story uses "guy" and "man" for the same person. So it's specifically a male. Thus sense 1 is better than 3.
Other senses: military (2) no, extinct (4) no, male subordinate (5) no, manly character (6) not in context, manservant (7) no, significant male partner (8) no, Isle of Man (9) no, game piece (10) no, all humanity (11) no.

So sense 1 is the clear choice. Return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: save
Target surface form: saved
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he <t>saved</t> turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=save%2:41:01:: | definition=save from ruin, destruction, or harm | synonyms=salvage, salve, relieve
2. sense_key=save%2:40:00:: | definition=to keep up and reserve for personal or special use | synonyms=preserve | examples=She saved the old family photographs in a drawer
3. sense_key=save%2:41:00:: | definition=bring into safety | synonyms=carry through, pull through, bring through | examples=We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack
4. sense_key=save%2:40:02:: | definition=spend less; buy at a reduced price
5. sense_key=save%2:40:01:: | definition=accumulate money for future use | synonyms=lay aside, save up | examples=He saves half his salary
6. sense_key=save%2:30:00:: | definition=make unnecessary an expenditure or effort | synonyms=make unnecessary | examples=This will save money; I'll save you the trouble
7. sense_key=save%2:41:02:: | definition=save from sins | synonyms=deliver, redeem
8. sense_key=save%2:41:05:: | definition=refrain from harming | synonyms=spare
9. sense_key=save%2:40:04:: | definition=spend sparingly, avoid the waste of | synonyms=economize, economise | examples=This move will save money; The less fortunate will have to economize now
10. sense_key=save%2:40:03:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, keep | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
11. sense_key=save%2:32:04:: | definition=record data on a computer | synonyms=write | examples=boot-up instructions are written on the hard disk

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word."

We need to choose the best sense for "saved" in this context. The context is: A truck driver was angry, cursing at two people. The stranger had thanked Hanley profusely and had an arm around his shoulders. The driver cursed at both. Then the man he saved turned and looked at the driver. The driver stopped swearing and went back to his truck.

So "saved" here refers to a person who was "saved" by someone. The situation: There was some, presumably, near accident? The text earlier says: "His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking... As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down... By then, the stranger was thanking Hanley profusely... So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely..."

Interpretation: Someone shouted to warn the guy (the stranger) of the truck? The shout saved the stranger from being hit? The man he saved is the stranger who was in danger of being hit by the truck. The shout prevented that. So "save" meaning "bring into safety" or "save from ruin, destruction, or harm". Which sense?

Sense 1: save from ruin, destruction, or harm (salvage, relieve). Sense 3: bring into safety (carry through, pull through, bring through). Both seem similar. Sense 1 includes "salvage, relieve". Sense 3 includes "pull through" which is more about rescuing from a dangerous situation. The examples for sense 3: "We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack" – seems like bringing through a disaster. Here, the guy was about to be hit? He was saved from being hit. So it's rescuing from harm. "Save from ruin, destruction, or harm" (sense 1) is also appropriate. But the synonyms for sense 1 are "salvage, salve, relieve". "Salvage" is typically salvage from wreckage; "relieve" is to free from pain or distress. In this context, the man was in danger of being hit by a truck, so he was saved from harm/destruction. Sense 3 "bring into safety" is more straightforward: "bring through" implies helping someone survive a dangerous event. Both could fit. Let's check if there's a nuance.

But also note: The driver was angry about his safe-driving record. The driver thought they were in a plot to ruin his safe-driving record. The initial shout might have been to warn the guy, and the guy was saved from being hit, so the driver's record would not be ruined? Actually, if the guy had been hit, it would ruin the safe-driving record. The driver was angry because the shout prevented that? Wait: The driver cursed at them as if they were in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. So the driver's perspective: They (Hanley and the stranger) were trying to cause an accident? Actually, the text: "So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record." This implies that by shouting and maybe causing the truck to stop or something, they prevented an accident? Or maybe the driver was about to hit the guy, and the shout caused the driver to stop? Let's parse: earlier: "His shout had been involuntary... he wouldn't have cared if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down..." So the shout likely was a warning that caused the truck to stop abruptly? Then the driver was angry because he had to stop, maybe endangering his safe driving record? Or the guy was in the path of the truck? The stranger thanked Hanley profusely, so Hanley (the one who shouted?) saved the stranger. So "the man he saved" refers to the stranger saved by Hanley's shout. The shout saved the stranger from being hit by the truck. So it's a rescue, saving from harm.

Now, the sense indexing: sense_key=save%2:41:01:: (save from ruin, destruction, or harm) with synonyms salve, relieve. sense_key=save%2:41:00:: (bring into safety) with synonyms carry through, pull through. Which is more precise? In WordNet, "save" verb has multiple senses. Sense 2:41:01 is "save from ruin, destruction, or harm". Sense 2:41:00 is "bring into safety". Both are similar but 2:41:01 has "relieve" and "salvage", which often relate to things (like salvaging a ship), but can be used for people. However, the example sentences in WordNet for 2:41:01 are not given in the prompt. The prompt lists: 1. sense_key=save%2:41:01:: | definition=save from ruin, destruction, or harm | synonyms=salvage, salve, relieve. 2. sense_key=save%2:40:00:: (preserve). 3. sense_key=save%2:41:00:: (bring into safety). 4. etc.

We need to choose single best. The context strongly suggests a life-saving situation. "Salvage" is more about recovering something from loss, but "relieve" can mean to ease burden. "Bring into safety" is directly about rescuing from danger.

Let's see other senses: 8. save%2:41:05:: refraining from harming (spare). That is "spare" meaning to refrain from killing/harming. Could that be? "He spared the man" but here it says "the man he saved", not "spared". Spare is a different sense.

7. save%2:41:02:: save from sins (deliver, redeem) - religious sense, not relevant.

So the main candidates are 1 and 3. We must choose one. Let's see if there's a hint in the context: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face..." The man was saved from being hit by the truck. That is clearly "save from harm" or "bring into safety". Which one is more common for this? WordNet often separates slight nuances. In many contexts, "save" meaning rescue from danger is sense 3 (bring into safety). Sense 1 is also used but with synonyms "salvage" and "relieve". But "salvage" is typically for property. "Relieve" is for pain. However, both could apply. Consider the examples: Sense 3 has "We pulled through most of the victims..." "pull through" suggests ongoing effort to bring to safety. Here, it's a quick shout that saved him. Sense 1 doesn't have an explicit example in the prompt. I think sense 3 is more directly: "bring into safety". But also note: The prompt says "Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense." There are no examples for sense 1 except synonyms. For sense 3, examples: "We pulled through most of the victims of the bomb attack". That is a rescue from a disaster. This is similar: saving from a truck accident.

Thus, I'll choose sense 3.

But let's double-check: Could it be sense 6? "make unnecessary an expenditure or effort" - "This will save money; I'll save you the trouble". Not relevant.

Sense 2: preserve - "She saved the old family photographs" - not relevant.

Sense 4: spend less - not relevant.

Sense 5: accumulate money - not relevant.

Sense 7: save from sins - not relevant.

Sense 8: spare - "refrain from harming" - Could be interpreted as: the guy refrained from harming the man? But the sentence is "the man he saved", meaning he saved him, not that he spared him. The driver might have spared him? No, the driver was angry but then left. The saving was done by the shouter (Hanley?), not by the driver. So not "spare".

Sense 9: economize - not.

Sense 10: retain rights - not.

Sense 11: record data - not.

So definitely among 1 or 3.

I'll go with sense 3: bring into safety.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turned
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved <t>turned</t> and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year
19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the lemma "turn" and surface form "turned" in the given context. The context is a narrative. The relevant sentence: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word." The target word is "turned". We need to choose the best sense from the provided list of candidate senses.

First, understand the context: The truck driver is angry, cursing at them. The man who was saved (the one Haney saved) turns and looks squarely into the truck driver's face. So, "turned" here means he changed his orientation or direction to face the truck driver. This is a physical movement, specifically rotating or changing the direction one is facing. The example given in sense 1: "Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face" closely matches. In that example, "turned" is used intransitively to mean change orientation or direction. The context: he "turned and looked squarely" implies he changed his body or head orientation to look at the driver. So sense 1 seems correct.

Let's check other senses:
Sense 2: undergo a transformation or change of position or action. Example: "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism". That is metaphorical, not literal physical turning.
Sense 3: undergo a change or development. Example: "The water turned into ice." Not applicable.
Sense 4: cause to move around or rotate. That's transitive. Here it's intransitive: he turned (himself). But sense 1 is intransitive. Sense 4 is transitive: "turn a key". So not this.
Sense 5: change to the contrary, reverse. Not physical turning.
Sense 6: pass to the other side of, "turn the corner". Transitive, not applicable.
Sense 7: pass into a condition gradually, "The weather turned nasty". Not this.
Sense 8: let fall or spill, no.
Sense 9: move around an axis or a center. Example: "The wheels are turning." This is also a physical rotation, but it's typically for objects spinning, not for a person turning to face someone. Sense 1 specifically says "change orientation or direction", which fits a person turning their body. Sense 9 is more about spinning continuously, not a change in facing direction for a person. The example for sense 1 includes "The mugger turned and fled", which is exactly the same usage: a person turning to change direction. So sense 1 is better.

Sense 10: cause to move around a center so as to show another side, "turn a page". Transitive.
Sense 11: send or let go, "turned away the crowd". No.
Sense 12: plow, no.
Sense 13: shape by rotating, no.
Sense 14: change color, no.
Sense 15: sprain, no.
Sense 16: cause to change into something different, no.
Sense 17: accomplish by rotating, "turn a somersault", no.
Sense 18: buy and sell, no.
Sense 19: cause to move along an axis or into a new direction, transitive: "turn your face to the wall". Could be argued that he caused himself to face the driver, but the sentence is "he turned and looked", which is intransitive. So sense 1 is more direct.
Sense 20: channel one's attention, "turn to boys for satisfaction", metaphorical, not physical.
Sense 21: bend, twist, no.
Sense 22: alter setting, "turn the dial", no.
Sense 23: direct at someone, "She turned a smile on me", transitive.
Sense 24: have recourse to, no.
Sense 25: go sour, no.
Sense 26: become older, no.

Thus, sense 1 is the best fit.

So answer: {"sense_index":


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: look
Target surface form: looked
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and <t>looked</t> squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=look%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards | examples=She looked over the expanse of land; Look at your child!
2. sense_key=look%2:39:01:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=appear, seem | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
3. sense_key=look%2:29:00:: | definition=have a certain outward or facial expression | examples=How does she look?; The child looks unhappy
4. sense_key=look%2:39:02:: | definition=search or seek | synonyms=search | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest; Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
5. sense_key=look%2:42:00:: | definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, face | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
6. sense_key=look%2:41:13:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
7. sense_key=look%2:32:00:: | definition=convey by one's expression | examples=She looked her devotion to me
8. sense_key=look%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=expect, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
9. sense_key=look%2:42:02:: | definition=accord in appearance with | examples=You don't look your age!
10. sense_key=look%2:31:02:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, calculate, reckon | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for the word "looked" in the given context. The context is: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word." The target word is "looked". It's the past tense of "look". The sentence indicates a direct action of turning and looking into someone's face. This is clearly an act of directing one's gaze towards someone. The candidate senses:

1. sense_key=look%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards | examples=She looked over the expanse of land; Look at your child!
   This matches perfectly: the person turned and looked directly into the truck driver's face. It's a physical act of looking at someone.

2. sense_key=look%2:39:01:: | definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | synonyms=appear, seem | examples=She seems to be sleeping; This appears to be a very difficult problem
   This doesn't fit because it's about seeming or appearing, not physically looking at something.

3. sense_key=look%2:29:00:: | definition=have a certain outward or facial expression | examples=How does she look?; The child looks unhappy
   This is about expressing something facially, like "She looks sad." Not fitting here.

4. sense_key=look%2:39:02:: | definition=search or seek | synonyms=search | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest; Look elsewhere for the perfect gift!
   No, they aren't searching; they're looking directly at someone.

5. sense_key=look%2:42:00:: | definition=be oriented in a certain direction, often with respect to another reference point; be opposite to | synonyms=front, face | examples=The house looks north; My backyard look onto the pond
   This could be misleading because it's about facing a direction, but it's typically used for inanimate objects or buildings. For a person, "looking into someone's face" is an action, not just a static orientation. The definition says "be oriented", which is more static. This sense is more about facing a direction (e.g., the house looks onto the park). In the sentence, the man turned and looked squarely into the face; it's a deliberate action, not passive orientation. So sense 1 is better.

6. sense_key=look%2:41:13:: | definition=take charge of or deal with | synonyms=attend, take care, see | examples=Could you see about lunch?; I must attend to this matter
   No.

7. sense_key=look%2:32:00:: | definition=convey by one's expression | examples=She looked her devotion to me
   No, "looked her devotion" is a transitive use meaning she expressed devotion through her look. Here it's intransitive with "into".

8. sense_key=look%2:31:00:: | definition=look forward to the probable occurrence of | synonyms=expect, await, wait | examples=We were expecting a visit from our relatives; She is looking to a promotion
   No.

9. sense_key=look%2:42:02:: | definition=accord in appearance with | examples=You don't look your age!
   No.

10. sense_key=look%2:31:02:: | definition=have faith or confidence in | synonyms=count, bet, depend, calculate, reckon | examples=you can count on me to help you any time; Look to your friends for support
    No.

The only plausible senses are 1 and maybe 5. But sense 5 is "be oriented in a certain direction", which is typically used for things like buildings, not people actively looking. The phrase "looked squarely into the truck driver's face" indicates a deliberate gaze, perceiving with attention. So sense 1 is clearly the correct choice.

Thus, the answer is sense_index: 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: face
Target surface form: face
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's <t>face</t>, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=face%1:08:00:: | definition=the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear | synonyms=human face | examples=he washed his face; I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news
2. sense_key=face%1:07:03:: | definition=the feelings expressed on a person's face | synonyms=expression, look, aspect, facial expression | examples=a sad expression; a look of triumph
3. sense_key=face%1:07:00:: | definition=the general outward appearance of something | examples=the face of the city is changing
4. sense_key=face%1:06:02:: | definition=the striking or working surface of an implement
5. sense_key=face%1:18:00:: | definition=a part of a person that is used to refer to a person | examples=he looked out at a roomful of faces; when he returned to work he met many new faces
6. sense_key=face%1:15:00:: | definition=a surface forming part of the outside of an object | synonyms=side | examples=he examined all sides of the crystal; dew dripped from the face of the leaf
7. sense_key=face%1:08:01:: | definition=the part of an animal corresponding to the human face
8. sense_key=face%1:06:01:: | definition=the side upon which the use of a thing depends (usually the most prominent surface of an object) | examples=he dealt the cards face down
9. sense_key=face%1:10:01:: | definition=a contorted facial expression | synonyms=grimace | examples=she made a grimace at the prospect
10. sense_key=face%1:10:00:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, case
11. sense_key=face%1:07:01:: | definition=status in the eyes of others | examples=he lost face
12. sense_key=face%1:07:02:: | definition=impudent aggressiveness | synonyms=boldness, nerve, brass, cheek | examples=I couldn't believe her boldness; he had the effrontery to question my honesty
13. sense_key=face%1:06:00:: | definition=a vertical surface of a building or cliff

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "face" in the given context. The context: "... Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word." So, "face" refers to the physical front part of the head. The driver is a person, and they're looking into his face. The most appropriate sense is sense 1: "the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear". Synonyms: human face. Example: "he washed his face; I wish I had seen the look on his face when he got the news." The context is about looking into someone's face. Sense 2 is about feelings expressed on a face, but the phrase "looked squarely into the truck driver's face" is more about the physical face itself, though the expression might be implied. However, sense 1 is the literal human face. Sense 5 (a part of a person used to refer to a person) is metaphorical, like "many new faces" meaning people. Here, it's literally his face. Sense 6 is a surface forming part of an object, not applicable. So sense 1 is best. But let's double-check: the example for sense 1 includes "the look on his face", which is similar. The context is about looking into his face, implying the front of his head. So I'll choose sense index 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: saying
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without <t>saying</t> a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to find the best sense for "saying" in the context. The surface form is "saying" (present participle of "say"). The context: "Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without <t>saying</t> a word." So the phrase is "without saying a word," meaning without uttering any words, without speaking. The action is simply not speaking at all. This is a straightforward use of "say" meaning to express in words, to utter aloud. Let's check the candidate senses.

1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: definition=express in words synonyms=state, tell examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you. This seems like the general sense of communicating something verbally. "Without saying a word" means without expressing anything in words. This fits.

2. report or maintain (allege, aver) – not about reporting or maintaining; he's not saying anything.

3. express a supposition – not appropriate.

4. have or contain a certain wording – like "the passage reads..." – not about that.

5. give instructions or direct – not.

6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way – this is about how you pronounce something, like "She pronounces French words in a funny way". "Without saying a word" is not about a manner of pronunciation, but about not uttering at all. So sense 6 is more specific about the manner of articulation, not the silence. Sense 8 explicitly says "utter aloud" with example "She said 'Hello' to everyone". That's also a possibility. Sense 8 definition: utter aloud. examples: She said `Hello' to everyone in the office. It is specifically uttering aloud. "Without saying a word" means without uttering a word aloud. Both 1 and 8 could fit. But note: sense 1 is "express in words" with synonyms state, tell. This often implies conveying a message, while sense 8 is simply uttering aloud. The phrase "without saying a word" is idiomatic and usually means not speaking at all, not even a single utterance. The focus is on the act of verbal expression. Sense 1 is more about communicating a statement, while sense 8 is about the physical act of saying something aloud. In context, the man simply didn't say a word, he remained silent. This is closer to "utter aloud" since it's about producing any speech. Sense 1 might require some content: "He said that...". But "without saying a word" means he didn't produce any verbal utterance. Looking at WordNet, sense 8 is "utter aloud" and examples include just saying "Hello". That seems like it captures the production of speech sounds. Sense 1 is "express in words" which might be synonymous with "tell" or "state," implying conveying information. In this context, the man didn't even utter a word. So I'll go with sense 8. However, let's double-check: sense 6 is "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way" – that's about manner, not just the act. So sense 8 is the basic "say" as in producing speech. The phrase "saying a word" means uttering a word. So sense 8 is the best. But wait, I see that there's also sense 11: "indicate" with example "The clock says noon." That's not verbal. So not that. Sense 7: communicate nonverbally – he's not saying anything nonverbally either, just looking. So not that. So I think sense 8 (utter aloud) is the most appropriate. But I'll check if WordNet often treats "say" with a direct object like "word" as sense 8. Yes, "say a word" is typical for uttering. Sense 1 would be typical for "say something" with a that-clause. Thus, I'll choose sense 8.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: word
Target surface form: word
Context:
His shout had been involuntary, something anybody might have done without thinking, on the spur of the moment. As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a <t>word</t>. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=word%1:10:00:: | definition=a unit of language that native speakers can identify | examples=words are the blocks from which sentences are made; he hardly said ten words all morning
2. sense_key=word%1:10:03:: | definition=a brief statement | examples=he didn't say a word about it
3. sense_key=word%1:10:02:: | definition=information about recent and important events | synonyms=news, intelligence, tidings | examples=they awaited news of the outcome
4. sense_key=word%1:10:06:: | definition=a verbal command for action | examples=when I give the word, charge!
5. sense_key=word%1:10:04:: | definition=an exchange of views on some topic | synonyms=discussion, give-and-take | examples=we had a good discussion; we had a word or two about it
6. sense_key=word%1:10:01:: | definition=a promise | synonyms=parole, word of honor | examples=he gave his word
7. sense_key=word%1:23:00:: | definition=a word is a string of bits stored in computer memory | examples=large computers use words up to 64 bits long
8. sense_key=word%1:18:00:: | definition=the divine word of God; the second person in the Trinity (incarnate in Jesus) | synonyms=Son, Logos
9. sense_key=word%1:10:05:: | definition=a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group | synonyms=password, watchword, parole, countersign | examples=he forgot the password
10. sense_key=word%1:10:07:: | definition=the sacred writings of the Christian religions | synonyms=Bible, Christian Bible, Book, Good Book, Holy Scripture, Holy Writ | examples=he went to carry the Word to the heathen

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "word" in the given context. The target surface form is "word" and the lemma is "word". The context: "[...] Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a <t>word</t>. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck."

We need to choose the best indexed sense from the candidate senses. The candidate senses are listed with numbers 1 through 10.

Analyze the context: "without saying a word" is a common phrase. Here, the man didn't say any word at all. He remained silent. This phrase typically means he didn't speak even a single word. So the sense likely refers to the basic unit of language. Sense 1: "a unit of language that native speakers can identify" with example "words are the blocks from which sentences are made; he hardly said ten words all morning". That fits well. Sense 2: "a brief statement" with example "he didn't say a word about it" – that example is almost identical: "he didn't say a word about it". That is also a candidate. But note: Sense 2 is "a brief statement" as a whole, not necessarily a single word. In the phrase "without saying a word", it often means not uttering any word, i.e., being silent. It's ambiguous: it could be interpreted as a single lexical item or a brief statement. The WordNet definitions distinguish between Sense 1: unit of language, and Sense 2: brief statement. The example for Sense 2: "he didn't say a word about it" suggests it's used to mean he didn't talk about it at all, i.e., didn't make any statement. But in our context: "without saying a word" as the man looked squarely into the driver's face, it's about not speaking at all. That could be either: he didn't utter a single lexical word, or he didn't make any statement. The phrase is idiomatic. The WordNet example for Sense 2 is exactly "he didn't say a word about it", which is a very similar construction. However, note that Sense 2 defines "a brief statement", but the example uses the phrase "didn't say a word" to mean he remained silent on that topic. That might be the intended usage. In our sentence, it's "without saying a word" meaning he remained completely silent. It could be interpreted as not even a single word. But WordNet might have Sense 2 specifically for this idiom. Let's check the synset: sense_key=word%1:10:03:: definition: a brief statement; examples: "he didn't say a word about it". That seems highly relevant. Sense 1 is more generic: a unit of language. It also gives example "he hardly said ten words all morning" which counts words. So in the phrase "without saying a word", if you interpret "a word" as a single lexical item, it's Sense 1; if you interpret it as "any brief statement", it's Sense 2. Since WordNet explicitly provides Sense 2 with an example that matches our phrase almost exactly, it's likely that the intended sense in WordNet disambiguation tasks is Sense 2 for such idiomatic usage. Moreover, in many WSD tasks, "word" in "say a word" is often disambiguated to the sense meaning something like "a single word" but WordNet's sense 2 is specifically "a brief statement" and that example is a strong clue.

We should also check if any other sense fits. No other sense fits: not news, not command, not discussion, not promise, not computer memory, not divine Word, not password, not Bible. So the choice is between Sense 1 and Sense 2. Let's examine the definitions and examples more closely. Sense 1: "a unit of language that native speakers can identify". That's the most concrete sense: a word as a string of letters/sounds. Sense 2: "a brief statement". "He didn't say a word about it" could be paraphrased "he didn't say any brief statement about it", but typically "say a word" in that phrase is synonymous with "say anything". In many lexical resources, they treat "not say a word" as an idiom meaning to be silent. The WordNet example suggests that when used in such a construction, it's Sense 2. Also, note that the context says "without saying a word", which is exactly "not say a word". So it's a direct match to Sense 2's example. Therefore, I think Sense 2 is the correct disambiguation.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 2.

Now, the instructions: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}" (but with the chosen index). So {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: driver
Target surface form: driver
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the <t>driver</t> stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=driver%1:18:00:: | definition=the operator of a motor vehicle
2. sense_key=driver%1:18:02:: | definition=someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle
3. sense_key=driver%1:18:01:: | definition=a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver
4. sense_key=driver%1:10:00:: | definition=(computer science) a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device | synonyms=device driver
5. sense_key=driver%1:06:00:: | definition=a golf club (a wood) with a near vertical face that is used for hitting long shots from the tee | synonyms=number one wood

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need to disambiguate "driver" in the given context. The context is a story about a truck incident. There is a truck, an angry driver, a man who was saved, etc. The target word is "driver" in the phrase "the driver stopped swearing at them" and later "turned on his heel and went back to his truck". Clearly this is a person operating a motor vehicle (a truck). So sense 1: "the operator of a motor vehicle" fits perfectly.

Let's check options:
1. sense_key=driver%1:18:00:: - operator of a motor vehicle
2. sense_key=driver%1:18:02:: - someone who drives animals that pull a vehicle (like a charioteer, but not here)
3. sense_key=driver%1:18:01:: - a golfer who hits the golf ball with a driver (not relevant)
4. sense_key=driver%1:10:00:: - computer science, a program that determines how a computer will communicate with a peripheral device (not relevant)
5. sense_key=driver%1:06:00:: - a golf club (wood) with near vertical face (not relevant)

The context clearly indicates a truck driver (operator of a motor vehicle). So the correct sense is 1.

We need to output JSON: {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stop
Target surface form: stopped
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver <t>stopped</t> swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00:: | definition=come to a halt, stop moving | synonyms=halt | examples=the car stopped; She stopped in front of a store window
2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=halt, block, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02:: | definition=interrupt a trip | synonyms=stop over | examples=we stopped at Aunt Mary's house; they stopped for three days in Florence
5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to stop | examples=stop a car; stop the thief
6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, discontinue | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations
7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, contain, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia
8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00:: | definition=seize on its way | synonyms=intercept | examples=The fighter plane was ordered to intercept an aircraft that had entered the country's airspace
9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13:: | definition=have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical | synonyms=end, finish, terminate, cease | examples=the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed; Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other
10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade, block, blockade, block off, block up, bar | examples=block the way; barricade the streets
11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12:: | definition=stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions or developments | synonyms=hold on | examples=Hold on a moment!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best WordNet sense for "stopped" in the sentence: "Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck."

The target word is "stop" with surface form "stopped". In context, it's used as "stopped swearing", meaning he ceased or discontinued the action of swearing. So this is a transitive use: he stopped doing something (swearing). That matches sense 2: "put an end to a state or an activity", synonyms: discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off. Example: "Quit teasing your little brother". Indeed, "stopped swearing" means he quit/ceased swearing.

Looking at other senses:
- Sense 1: intransitive, come to a halt (like a car stopping). Not applicable.
- Sense 3: stop from happening or developing, like "halt the process". This is also stopping something, but more about preventing development. The context is simply ceasing an ongoing action (swearing), not preventing something from happening.
- Sense 4: interrupt a trip, not applicable.
- Sense 5: cause to stop, like stop a car, stop the thief. Could be, but "stopped swearing" is more about discontinuing an activity, not causing an object to stop.
- Sense 6: prevent completion, e.g., stop the project. Might be close, but "swearing" is an action, not a project. Sense 2 specifically includes "give up, quit, lay off" which fits perfectly.
- Sense 7: hold back, check expansion. Not fitting.
- etc.

Hence, sense 2 is the best.

Now return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: swear
Target surface form: swearing
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped <t>swearing</t> at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=swear%2:32:01:: | definition=utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms=curse, cuss, blaspheme, imprecate | examples=The drunken men were cursing loudly in the street
2. sense_key=swear%2:32:03:: | definition=to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true | synonyms=affirm, verify, assert, avow, aver, swan | examples=Before God I swear I am innocent
3. sense_key=swear%2:32:02:: | definition=promise solemnly; take an oath
4. sense_key=swear%2:32:00:: | definition=make a deposition; declare under oath | synonyms=depose, depone
5. sense_key=swear%2:31:10:: | definition=have confidence or faith in | synonyms=trust, rely, bank | examples=We can trust in God; Rely on your friends

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "swearing" in context. The sentence: "Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his heel and went back to his truck." The context earlier: "the driver started to curse at both of them" and then later "stopped swearing at them". So "swearing" is clearly used as a synonym for "curse", meaning uttering obscenities or profanities. That matches sense 1: "utter obscenities or profanities | synonyms: cur, cuss, blaspheme, imprecate". The examples include "cursing loudly". So sense 1 is the correct one.

Thus, {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: turn
Target surface form: turned
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, <t>turned</t> on his heel and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=turn%2:38:00:: | definition=change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense | examples=Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face
2. sense_key=turn%2:30:04:: | definition=undergo a transformation or a change of position or action | synonyms=change state | examples=We turned from Socialism to Capitalism; The people turned against the President when he stole the election
3. sense_key=turn%2:42:00:: | definition=undergo a change or development | synonyms=become | examples=The water turned into ice; Her former friend became her worst enemy
4. sense_key=turn%2:38:02:: | definition=cause to move around or rotate | examples=turn a key; turn your palm this way
5. sense_key=turn%2:30:00:: | definition=change to the contrary | synonyms=change by reversal, reverse | examples=The trend was reversed; the tides turned against him
6. sense_key=turn%2:38:03:: | definition=pass to the other side of | synonyms=move around | examples=turn the corner; move around the obstacle
7. sense_key=turn%2:30:03:: | definition=pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become | synonyms=grow | examples=The weather turned nasty; She grew angry
8. sense_key=turn%2:35:08:: | definition=let (something) fall or spill from a container | synonyms=release | examples=turn the flour onto a plate
9. sense_key=turn%2:38:04:: | definition=move around an axis or a center | examples=The wheels are turning
10. sense_key=turn%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to move around a center so as to show another side of | synonyms=turn over | examples=turn a page of a book
11. sense_key=turn%2:38:06:: | definition=to send or let go | examples=They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governor's mansion
12. sense_key=turn%2:36:00:: | definition=to break and turn over earth especially with a plow | synonyms=plow, plough | examples=Farmer Jones plowed his east field last week; turn the earth in the Spring
13. sense_key=turn%2:35:06:: | definition=shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel | examples=turn the legs of the table; turn the clay on the wheel
14. sense_key=turn%2:30:09:: | definition=change color | examples=In Vermont, the leaves turn early
15. sense_key=turn%2:29:00:: | definition=twist suddenly so as to sprain | synonyms=twist, sprain, wrench, wrick, rick | examples=wrench one's ankle; The wrestler twisted his shoulder
16. sense_key=turn%2:42:13:: | definition=cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics | examples=The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him; The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold
17. sense_key=turn%2:41:10:: | definition=accomplish by rotating | examples=turn a somersault; turn cartwheels
18. sense_key=turn%2:40:13:: | definition=get by buying and selling | examples=the company turned a good profit after a year
19. sense_key=turn%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move along an axis or into a new direction | examples=turn your face to the wall; turn the car around
20. sense_key=turn%2:38:14:: | definition=channel one's attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something | examples=The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction; people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium
21. sense_key=turn%2:35:11:: | definition=cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form | synonyms=flex, bend, deform, twist | examples=bend the rod; twist the dough into a braid
22. sense_key=turn%2:35:10:: | definition=alter the functioning or setting of | examples=turn the dial to 10; turn the heat down
23. sense_key=turn%2:33:13:: | definition=direct at someone | examples=She turned a smile on me; They turned their flashlights on the car
24. sense_key=turn%2:32:14:: | definition=have recourse to or make an appeal or request for help or information to | synonyms=call on | examples=She called on her Representative to help her; She turned to her relatives for help
25. sense_key=turn%2:30:01:: | definition=go sour or spoil | synonyms=sour, ferment, work | examples=The milk has soured; The wine worked
26. sense_key=turn%2:30:14:: | definition=become officially one year older | examples=She is turning 50 this year

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "turn" and surface form "turned". The context is a narrative. The target appears in:

"Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, <t>turned</t> on his heel and went back to his truck."

The target is the second "turned" in "turned on his heel". This is a fixed phrase: to turn on one's heel means to pivot sharply and leave. Let's analyze the candidate senses.

Sense 1: "change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense" – example "Turn towards me; The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face". This is about turning physically. In our context, "turned on his heel" is a physical turning.

Sense 6: "pass to the other side of" – "turn the corner; move around the obstacle". This is transitive, but here "turned on his heel" is intransitive.

Sense 9: "move around an axis or a center" – "The wheels are turning". This is about rotating, but not necessarily a whole-body turn.

Sense 1 seems the best fit: a change of orientation, specifically turning around. The phrase "turned on his heel" is an idiomatic way of saying he turned around sharply.

Check others: Sense 2 is about transformation, sense 3 become, sense 4 cause to move around, sense 5 reverse trend, etc. None fit. Sense 19 is "cause to move along an axis or into a new direction" but it's transitive.

So sense 1 is the most straightforward


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: heel
Target surface form: heel
Context:
As a matter of fact, he wouldn't have cared at all if the guy had been hit. Actually, he regretted having opened his mouth when the truck came to a stop and the angry driver jumped down from the cab and walked back toward them. By then, the stranger was thanking Haney profusely and had one arm around his shoulders as if he were an old friend. So the driver started to curse at both of them as if they had been in a plot together to ruin his safe-driving record. Then the man he saved turned and looked squarely into the truck driver's face, without saying a word. Very suddenly, the driver stopped swearing at them, turned on his <t>heel</t> and went back to his truck. Haney hadn't given it much thought at the time.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=heel%1:06:00:: | definition=the bottom of a shoe or boot; the back part of a shoe or boot that touches the ground and provides elevation
2. sense_key=heel%1:08:00:: | definition=the back part of the human foot
3. sense_key=heel%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is morally reprehensible | synonyms=cad, bounder, blackguard, dog, hound | examples=you dirty dog
4. sense_key=heel%1:13:00:: | definition=one of the crusty ends of a loaf of bread
5. sense_key=heel%1:06:03:: | definition=the lower end of a ship's mast
6. sense_key=heel%1:06:02:: | definition=(golf) the part of the clubhead where it joins the shaft

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given: "turned on his <t>heel</t>". The context is the truck driver turning around sharply. The phrase "turned on his heel" is idiomatic: "to turn on one's heel" means to turn around sharply, often indicating a sudden change of direction. This is a common phrase meaning to pivot on the heel of the foot. The heel here refers to the back part of the human foot. So sense 2: heel%1:08:00:: | definition=the back part of the human foot. The other senses don't fit: shoe heel (1) is possible if it's about a shoe, but the phrase is about turning on one's heel, which typically means the foot's heel. The context doesn't mention shoes, just that he turned on his heel. So sense 2 is correct.