[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: saying
Context:
Two years ago, the Rev. Jeremy Hummerstone, vicar of Great Torrington, Devon, got so fed up with ringers who didn't attend service he sacked the entire band; the ringers promptly set up a picket line in protest. "They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, <t>saying</t> it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "saying" in the context. The context is a news excerpt about church bell ringers and conflicts with vicars. The specific sentence: "The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would 'reopen the wound.'" The target word is "saying". We need to choose the best sense from the list.

Let's examine the senses:

1. express in words: synonyms state, tell. Example: "He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you". This is a general sense of expressing something verbally.

2. report or maintain: synonyms allege, aver. Example: "He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war". This implies asserting something, often with a connotation of claiming.

3. express a supposition: synonyms suppose. Example: "Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?" This is hypothetical or introducing a supposition.

4. have or contain a certain wording or form: synonyms read. Example: "The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?" This is about the wording of a text.

5. give instructions or direct somebody to do something with authority: synonyms order, tell, enjoin. Example: "I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping". This is a command.

6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way: synonyms pronounce, articulate, etc. Example: "She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'". This is about pronunciation.

7. communicate or express nonverbally: example: "What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?" This is non-verbal communication.

8. utter aloud: example: "She said `Hello' to everyone in the office". This is simply uttering words, often with direct speech.

9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare: example: "I say let's forget this whole business". This is expressing an opinion.

10. recite or repeat a fixed text: example: "Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'". This is reciting a set phrase.

11. indicate: example: "The clock says noon". This is about non-linguistic indication.

In the context, the vicar is refusing to talk about the dust-up, and then we have: "saying it would 'reopen the wound.'" This means the vicar gave a reason for not talking, i.e., he stated that talking would reopen the wound. So "saying" here is equivalent to "stating" or "telling" something. It is a verbal expression of a reason. Looking at the options, sense 1 is "express in words" with synonyms state, tell. That fits perfectly. He expressed in words that it would reopen the wound. Sense 2 ("report or maintain") might also fit, but there's no connotation of alleging; it's just stating a reason. Sense 8 is "utter aloud", but that is too generic and often used with direct quotes; here it is reported speech. Sense 9 is "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" - that could also work, but sense 1 is more general and the definitions overlap. The WordNet sense 1 is a hypernym; sense 9 is more specific (opinion/judgment). However, in many contexts, "say" in reported speech is simply sense 1. The vicar's statement is not necessarily an opinion; it's a reason. He refuses to talk, and the reason is that it would reopen the wound. So he "states" that. The example for sense 1 includes "He said that he wanted to marry her" which is analogous: "He said that it would reopen the wound." So sense 1 is the best.

Also note: the surface form is "saying", a participle. The context: "refuses to talk about it, saying it would 'reopen the wound.'" This is a typical reporting clause. That aligns with sense 1.

Thus, we choose sense index 1.

Now return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vicar
Target surface form: vicar
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, <t>vicar</t> of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vicar%1:18:00:: | definition=a Roman Catholic priest who acts for another higher-ranking clergyman
2. sense_key=vicar%1:18:02:: | definition=(Episcopal Church) a clergyman in charge of a chapel
3. sense_key=vicar%1:18:01:: | definition=(Church of England) a clergyman appointed to act as priest of a parish

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We are asked to disambiguate "vicar" in the context: "The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it..." and later "C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church...". The context is about churches in England (Great Torrington, Ilminster, Somerset). The vicar is a clergyman in a Church of England parish. The choices: sense 1 is a Roman Catholic priest; sense 2 is Episcopal Church; sense 3 is Church of England. Given the context is clearly in England (Church of England), sense 3 is correct.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: StreamLake

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby <t>church</t>, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "church" in the context: "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs..." The target word is "church" in the phrase "vicar of a nearby church". The context mentions a vicar, so a vicar is a clergy person associated with a church. The nearby church is likely a building or a local congregation. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: Christian church as a group/denomination. "vicar of a nearby church" - vicar is typically of a local church, not a denomination.

2. sense 2: a place for public worship, church building. "vicar of a nearby church" could refer to the building, but a vicar is usually the minister of a parish (a local church community). However, "vicar of a church" often means the church as an institution or building. But in this context, it's "vicar of a nearby church", and the sentence is about the physical location of stairs next to the altar, so the physical building is involved. "the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar" - that describes the physical layout of a church building. So "church" here likely refers to the building. Also, in the next sentence: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer" - the congregation is in the church. So the physical building is where the congregation is. But "vicar of a nearby church" - the vicar is of a church, which could be both the building and the congregation. However, sense 4 is "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church". If we say "vicar of a church", the vicar is the leader of that local congregation. But the context is focusing on the physical layout: stairs next to the altar, and the ringers making an exit while the congregation is at prayer. The word "church" in "vicar of a nearby church" is used to identify which church (which building/parish). In typical usage, "the vicar of St. Mary's Church" refers to the church as an institution/building. Given that the issue is about the physical bells and stairs, it's more likely the physical place. But let's check examples: for sense 2, examples: "the church was empty" - that refers to the building. For sense 4, examples: "our church is hosting a picnic" - that refers to the congregation. In the passage, the vicar is of a nearby church, and he is commenting on the physical stairs. The focus is not on the people but on the building's design. So sense 2 seems best.

Sense 3 is a service: "don't be late for church" - that's not a vicar of a service.

Sense 1 is a denomination: "groups of Christians" - not.

Thus, sense 2 is the most appropriate.

But let's ensure: The phrase "vicar of a nearby church" - a vicar is a priest in charge of a church, which is both a building and a congregation. However, in this context, it's used to refer to the physical place because the discussion is about the bell tower stairs. Also, the previous sentences mention "St. Mary's Church in Ilminster" - that's a specific church building. So "church" here is a building. So I'll choose sense 2.

Final answer: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: feel
Target surface form: feels
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, <t>feels</t> the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=feel%2:37:00:: | definition=undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind | synonyms=experience | examples=She felt resentful; He felt regret
2. sense_key=feel%2:31:00:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=find | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
3. sense_key=feel%2:39:00:: | definition=perceive by a physical sensation, e.g., coming from the skin or muscles | synonyms=sense | examples=He felt the wind; She felt an object brushing her arm
4. sense_key=feel%2:29:00:: | definition=be conscious of a physical, mental, or emotional state | examples=My cold is gone--I feel fine today; She felt tired after the long hike
5. sense_key=feel%2:31:01:: | definition=have a feeling or perception about oneself in reaction to someone's behavior or attitude | examples=She felt small and insignificant; You make me feel naked
6. sense_key=feel%2:39:01:: | definition=undergo passive experience of: | examples=We felt the effects of inflation; her fingers felt their way through the string quartet
7. sense_key=feel%2:42:00:: | definition=be felt or perceived in a certain way | examples=The ground feels shaky; The sheets feel soft
8. sense_key=feel%2:39:10:: | definition=grope or feel in search of something | examples=He felt for his wallet
9. sense_key=feel%2:35:00:: | definition=examine by touch | synonyms=finger | examples=Feel this soft cloth!; The customer fingered the sweater
10. sense_key=feel%2:35:01:: | definition=examine (a body part) by palpation | synonyms=palpate | examples=The nurse palpated the patient's stomach; The runner felt her pulse
11. sense_key=feel%2:40:00:: | definition=find by testing or cautious exploration | examples=He felt his way around the dark room
12. sense_key=feel%2:39:09:: | definition=produce a certain impression | examples=It feels nice to be home again
13. sense_key=feel%2:35:11:: | definition=pass one's hands over the sexual organs of | examples=He felt the girl in the movie theater

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "feels" in the given context. The target is "feels" as used by C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church: "C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs..." So the structure is "Marshall feels [that] the fault is in the stairs..." It means he has an opinion or belief, likely based on intuition or reasoning.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. feel%2:37:00:: "undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind" ex: She felt resentful. But here, it's not about an emotional state; he is expressing an opinion.

2. feel%2:31:00:: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" synonyms: find. Examples: I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious. This fits: Marshall feels (that) the fault is in the stairs... He has come to believe, based on some reasoning or impression. The structure "feels" + clause is exactly like "I feel that he doesn't like me".

3. sense_key=feel%2:39:00:: "perceive by a physical sensation" – not about physical sensation.

4. feel%2:29:00:: "be conscious of a physical, mental, or emotional state" – not a state.

5. feel%2:31:01:: "have a feeling or perception about oneself in reaction to someone's behavior" – not about himself.

6. feel%2:39:01:: "undergo passive experience of" – not fitting.

7. feel%2:42:00:: "be felt or perceived in a certain way" – this is for the quality of objects, ex: The ground feels shaky. Not applicable.

8. feel%2:39:10:: grope or feel in search of – no.

9. feel%2:35:00:: examine by touch – no.

10. palpate – no.

11. feel%2:40:00:: find by testing or cautious exploration – could be metaphorical? "He felt his way around the dark room" – but here it's not about physical exploration.

12. feel%2:39:09:: "produce a certain impression" – ex: It feels nice to be home again. Not this.

13. feel%2:35:11:: sexual – no.

Clearly, sense 2 is the best: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds". The vicar feels that the fault is in the stairs – it's his opinion or belief. So the index is 2.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fault
Target surface form: fault
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the <t>fault</t> is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fault%1:04:00:: | definition=a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention | synonyms=mistake, error | examples=he made a bad mistake; she was quick to point out my errors
2. sense_key=fault%1:26:00:: | definition=an imperfection in an object or machine | synonyms=defect, flaw | examples=a flaw caused the crystal to shatter; if there are any defects you should send it back to the manufacturer
3. sense_key=fault%1:07:00:: | definition=the quality of being inadequate or falling short of perfection | synonyms=demerit | examples=they discussed the merits and demerits of her novel; he knew his own faults much better than she did
4. sense_key=fault%1:17:00:: | definition=(geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other | synonyms=faulting, geological fault, shift, fracture, break | examples=they built it right over a geological fault; he studied the faulting of the earth's crust
5. sense_key=fault%1:11:00:: | definition=(electronics) equipment failure attributable to some defect in a circuit (loose connection or insulation failure or short circuit etc.) | examples=it took much longer to find the fault than to fix it
6. sense_key=fault%1:07:01:: | definition=responsibility for a bad situation or event | examples=it was John's fault
7. sense_key=fault%1:04:01:: | definition=(sports) a serve that is illegal (e.g., that lands outside the prescribed area) | examples=he served too many double faults

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the target word "fault" in the given context. Let's examine the context:

"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the <t>fault</t> is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

We need to choose the best sense among the provided options. The context: The vicar of a nearby church says the "fault" is in the stairs from the bell tower located next to the altar, causing noisy exits during prayer. So the "fault" here refers to a problem or defect in the physical arrangement (the stairs' placement). He's saying the issue is the design/location of the stairs, which causes disruption. This matches sense 2: "an imperfection in an object or machine" with synonyms "defect, flaw". The examples: "a flaw caused the crystal to shatter; if there are any defects you should send it back to the manufacturer". Here, the "fault" is a flaw in the church's architecture (the stairs placement).

Let's check other senses:
1. wrong action (mistake, error) - No, not an action, but a physical feature.
3. quality of being inadequate or demerit - Could be, but sense 2 is more specific to a defect in an object. Sense 3 is about a personal quality, like a character fault. Here it's about stairs.
4. geological fault - Not applicable.
5. electronics equipment failure - Not applicable.
6. responsibility for a bad situation - Not directly. He says the fault is in the stairs, not that it's someone's fault.
7. sports serve fault - Not applicable.

Sense 2 fits best: an imperfection in an object (the stairs). The stairs are part of the building, a physical flaw.

Thus, sense_index = 2.

provider: Wafer


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: next
Target surface form: next
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located <t>next</t> to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=next%5:00:00:succeeding:00 | definition=immediately following in time or order | synonyms=following | examples=the following day; next in line
2. sense_key=next%5:00:00:close:01 | definition=nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space | synonyms=adjacent, side by side | examples=had adjacent rooms; in the next room
3. sense_key=next%5:00:00:incoming:00 | definition=(of elected officers) elected but not yet serving | synonyms=future, succeeding | examples=our next president

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the word "next" in the given context. The target is the lemma "next", surface form "next". The context is: "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located <t>next</t> to the altar." So "next" is used to describe the location of the stairs relative to the altar.

We have three candidate senses:

1. Immediately following in time or order (synonyms: following). Examples: the following day; next in line.
2. Nearest in space or position; immediately adjoining without intervening space (synonyms: adjacent, side by side). Examples: had adjacent rooms; in the next room.
3. (of elected officers) elected but not yet serving (synonyms: future, succeeding). Example: our next president.

The context clearly uses "next" to indicate spatial proximity. The stairs are located next to the altar, meaning adjacent to it. So sense 2 is the appropriate one.

Thus, the answer should be {"sense_index": 2}.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: altar
Target surface form: altar
Context:
"They were a self-perpetuating club that treated the tower as sort of a separate premises, "the Vicar Hummerstone says. An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the <t>altar</t>. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=altar%1:06:01:: | definition=the table in Christian churches where communion is given | synonyms=communion table, Lord's table
2. sense_key=altar%1:06:00:: | definition=a raised structure on which gifts or sacrifices to a god are made

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Choose the single best indexed sense." For the target word "altar" in the context: At St. Mary's Church, the bell ringers make noise next to the altar. The altar in a church is typically a table for communion. Sense 1: "the table in Christian churches where communion is given" fits perfectly. Sense 2 is a raised structure for sacrifices to a god, which is more pagan or Old Testament. In a Christian church, it's sense 1.

Thus, output {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Together


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: So
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "<t>So</t> crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "so" in: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says.

Let's look at the context. The target is "<t>So</t>" at the beginning of the quoted speech. The vicar is describing the noise of the ringers coming down the stairs: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above...". The "so" here is used to introduce a sound effect or to indicate the manner in which the ringers come. It's like a narrative device: "And then, like this: crunch, crunch..." It could be sense 6: "in the way indicated" (thus, thusly). Sense 6: "in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant)" synonyms: thus, thusly. Example: "hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus". That fits: "So [in this way, making these sounds] crunch, crunch..." He's demonstrating the sound.

Alternatively, sense 2: "in a manner that facilitates" doesn't fit because there's no facilitation. Sense 8: "subsequently or soon afterward" might be considered as "and then" but the "so" is directly followed by onomatopoeia, not an event. Sense 9: logical conclusion doesn't fit. Sense 3: "in such a condition or manner" might also work: "They're happy and I hope they will remain so" - that's a pro-form for an adjective. Here it's more like a demonstrative adverb. Sense 6 specifically captures the "thus" meaning.

Thus, I'll choose sense 6.

So the JSON should be {"sense_index": 6}.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- <t>here</t> come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "here" in the given context. We need to choose the best indexed sense from the candidate senses provided. The target word appears in the sentence: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer."

Let's analyze the context. The sentence describes the noise and then says "here come the ringers from above". This usage of "here" is often used to indicate the arrival or appearance of someone or something, often with a dramatic effect. It's like saying "here come the ringers" meaning they are approaching or coming into view. This is a common construction: "Here comes the bus," "Here come the soldiers," etc.

Now let's look at the candidate senses:

1. Definition: in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is. Examples: "I work here; turn here". This is the locative sense, indicating location.

2. Definition: in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail. Examples: "what do we have here?; here I must disagree". This is a more abstract, figurative sense, indicating a point in a discussion or situation.

3. Definition: to this place (especially toward the speaker). Synonyms: hither. Examples: "come here, please". This sense indicates motion toward the speaker.

4. Definition: at this time; now. Examples: "we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon". This is a temporal sense, meaning 'now'.

In the context, the vicar is quoting what someone might say to describe the ringers coming out. The phrase "here come the ringers" uses an inverted word order. It's like "Here they come!" In this construction, "here" is used to call attention to the approach of someone or something. Which sense fits? "Here come the ringers" is essentially saying "the ringers are coming here" but with a fronting of "here" for exclamatory effect. The sense is that they are coming into the location where the speaker is. It's more about arriving at the current location. So it's like sense 3: to this place (toward the speaker). But note: sense 3 is defined as "to this place", and it gives the example "come here, please." That example is an explicit request to move toward the speaker. In the sentence, "here come the ringers" uses an inverted structure where "here" is an adverb. In modern English, this is a set phrase "Here comes..." meaning something is approaching or arriving. It's really the same as "Here they come," which expresses motion toward the speaker. Another way to interpret it: the phrase "here come the ringers" is exclamatory, indicating that the ringers are appearing, approaching from above. The most literal sense might be motion toward the speaker, but in this narrative, the vicar is not necessarily the speaker of those words; it's a supposed dialogue. Still, the usage is the same: the ringers are coming from above, making noise. So "here" indicates direction toward the speaker (or the perceived deictic center). So sense 3 seems appropriate.

Let's compare with sense 1: "in or at this place". That would be used like "The ringers are here" meaning they are present. But the phrase is "here come the ringers", which is not the same as "the ringers are here." It's an announcement of arrival. So sense 3 is better because it captures the motion toward the deictic center. However, some might argue that in "Here come the ringers", "here" is actually a presentational adverb, almost like an interjection. But linguistically, it's an inversion of subject and verb and means "the ringers are coming here." So the sense is clearly "to this place" (3).

Sense 2: "in this circumstance or respect" doesn't fit; they aren't saying "here" as in "in this situation." And sense 4: "at this time; now" could be interpreted as "now come the ringers", but "now" would be a better fit for temporal meaning. However, "here" in such constructions is traditionally considered a locative/deictic adverb, not temporal. For example, "Here comes the bride" means the bride is coming toward the speaker, not "now comes the bride." So sense 3 is best.

Thus, we select sense_index: 3.

The answer should be a JSON object like {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: come
Target surface form: come
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here <t>come</t> the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=come%2:38:00:: | definition=move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody | synonyms=come up | examples=He came singing down the road; Come with me to the Casbah
2. sense_key=come%2:38:04:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, get | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
3. sense_key=come%2:30:01:: | definition=come to pass; arrive, as in due course | examples=The first success came three days later; It came as a shock
4. sense_key=come%2:30:03:: | definition=reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position | examples=The water came to a boil; We came to understand the true meaning of life
5. sense_key=come%2:42:04:: | definition=to be the product or result | synonyms=follow | examples=Melons come from a vine; Understanding comes from experience
6. sense_key=come%2:30:02:: | definition=be found or available | examples=These shoes come in three colors; The furniture comes unassembled
7. sense_key=come%2:42:13:: | definition=come forth | synonyms=issue forth | examples=A scream came from the woman's mouth; His breath came hard
8. sense_key=come%2:42:09:: | definition=be a native of | synonyms=hail | examples=She hails from Kalamazoo
9. sense_key=come%2:42:03:: | definition=extend or reach | examples=The water came up to my waist; The sleeves come to your knuckles
10. sense_key=come%2:42:05:: | definition=exist or occur in a certain point in a series | examples=Next came the student from France
11. sense_key=come%2:38:03:: | definition=cover a certain distance | examples=She came a long way
12. sense_key=come%2:42:00:: | definition=come under, be classified or included | synonyms=fall | examples=fall into a category; This comes under a new heading
13. sense_key=come%2:30:13:: | definition=happen as a result | examples=Nothing good will come of this
14. sense_key=come%2:42:12:: | definition=add up in number or quantity | synonyms=total, number, add up, amount | examples=The bills amounted to $2,000; The bill came to $2,000
15. sense_key=come%2:42:11:: | definition=develop into | synonyms=add up, amount | examples=This idea will never amount to anything; nothing came of his grandiose plans
16. sense_key=come%2:38:02:: | definition=be received | synonyms=come in | examples=News came in of the massacre in Rwanda
17. sense_key=come%2:31:14:: | definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | synonyms=occur | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary; A great idea then came to her
18. sense_key=come%2:42:15:: | definition=come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example | synonyms=derive, descend | examples=She was descended from an old Italian noble family; he comes from humble origins
19. sense_key=come%2:42:02:: | definition=proceed or get along | synonyms=do, fare, make out, get along | examples=How is she doing in her new job?; How are you making out in graduate school?
20. sense_key=come%2:39:00:: | definition=experience orgasm | examples=she could not come because she was too upset
21. sense_key=come%2:31:13:: | definition=have a certain priority | examples=My family comes first

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given:
Target lemma: come
Target surface form: come
Context: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says.

We need to choose the best indexed sense from the list. The target word "come" appears as "here come the ringers". This is an inverted sentence: "here come the ringers" meaning the ringers are coming. The ringers are making an exit from above, so they are moving downward or appearing. The context: they are making a noisy exit during prayer. So "come" here indicates movement toward the speaker or toward a point of reference (the congregation below). They are coming down from the bell tower.

Let's examine sense 1: "move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody". Synonyms: come up. Example: "He came singing down the road". This fits: the ringers are coming (toward the speaker or the congregation). Sense 2: "reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress". That could also fit, but the focus is on the movement itself, not necessarily the arrival. The phrase "here come" is more about the approach, like "here they come". Sense 1 is typically used for movement toward the speaker. Sense 2 is more about arriving. In the example "Here come the ringers", it's the act of moving toward the viewer/speaker. It doesn't emphasize arrival as much as the approach. Also, sense 1 example: "He came singing down the road" matches the structure (they are coming from above). Sense 7 "come forth" could also be considered: "issue forth". Example: "A scream came from the woman's mouth". But that is more abstract. Sense 7 is about something coming out/forth, like a sound. Here the ringers are people coming. So sense 1 is the most direct. Sense 9 "extend or reach" is not right. Sense 10 "exist or occur in a certain point in a series" doesn't fit.

The correct sense index is 1. So {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the <t>ringers</t> from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "ringers" from the provided options. The context is clearly about church bell ringing. The text discusses bell ringers at churches, with phrases like "ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells" and "bell-ringer". So the target "ringers" refers to people who ring church bells. Sense 1 matches: "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)". Therefore, sense_index 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: above
Target surface form: above
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from <t>above</t>, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=above%4:02:00:: | definition=at an earlier place | synonyms=supra | examples=see above
2. sense_key=above%4:02:01:: | definition=in or to a place that is higher | synonyms=higher up, in a higher place, to a higher place

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are dealing with the word "above" as an adverb. The context is about bell ringers. The sentence: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer." The ringers are coming from the bell tower, which is physically higher than the church interior where the congregation is. The phrase "from above" indicates a higher place. The candidates: sense 1 is "at an earlier place" (like in a text, see above). Sense 2 is "in or to a place that is higher". Clearly, the context is spatial, not textual. The ringers are coming from a higher place (the bell tower). So sense_index should be 2.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: make
Target surface form: making
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, <t>making</t> a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=make%2:41:00:: | definition=engage in | synonyms=do | examples=make love, not war; make an effort
2. sense_key=make%2:30:00:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=get | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
3. sense_key=make%2:36:00:: | definition=make or cause to be or to become | synonyms=create | examples=make a mess in one's office; create a furor
4. sense_key=make%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, get | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
5. sense_key=make%2:36:08:: | definition=give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally | synonyms=cause, do | examples=cause a commotion; make a stir
6. sense_key=make%2:36:01:: | definition=create or manufacture a man-made product | synonyms=produce, create | examples=We produce more cars than we can sell; The company has been making toys for two centuries
7. sense_key=make%2:31:00:: | definition=make, formulate, or derive in the mind | synonyms=draw | examples=I draw a line here; draw a conclusion
8. sense_key=make%2:36:15:: | definition=compel or make somebody or something to act in a certain way | examples=People cannot be made to integrate just by passing a law!; Heat makes you sweat
9. sense_key=make%2:36:09:: | definition=create by artistic means | synonyms=create | examples=create a poem; Schoenberg created twelve-tone music
10. sense_key=make%2:40:01:: | definition=earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages | synonyms=gain, take in, clear, earn, realize, realise | examples=How much do you make a month in your new job?; She earns a lot in her new job
11. sense_key=make%2:36:05:: | definition=create or design, often in a certain way | synonyms=do | examples=Do my room in blue; I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest
12. sense_key=make%2:42:05:: | definition=to compose or represent: | synonyms=form, constitute | examples=This wall forms the background of the stage setting; The branches made a roof
13. sense_key=make%2:38:02:: | definition=reach a goal, e.g., | synonyms=reach, get to, progress to | examples=make the first team; We made it!
14. sense_key=make%2:42:00:: | definition=be or be capable of being changed or made into | examples=He makes a great host; He will make a fine father
15. sense_key=make%2:36:11:: | definition=make by shaping or bringing together constituents | examples=make a dress; make a cake
16. sense_key=make%2:36:12:: | definition=perform or carry out | examples=make a decision; make a move
17. sense_key=make%2:36:13:: | definition=make by combining materials and parts | synonyms=construct, build | examples=this little pig made his house out of straw; Some eccentric constructed an electric brassiere warmer
18. sense_key=make%2:30:15:: | definition=change from one form into another | examples=make water into wine; make lead into gold
19. sense_key=make%2:29:08:: | definition=act in a certain way so as to acquire | examples=make friends; make enemies
20. sense_key=make%2:41:03:: | definition=charge with a function; charge to be | synonyms=name, nominate | examples=She was named Head of the Committee; She was made president of the club
21. sense_key=make%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, get | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
22. sense_key=make%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination, either real or abstract | synonyms=reach, attain, hit, arrive at, gain | examples=We hit Detroit by noon; The water reached the doorstep
23. sense_key=make%2:31:13:: | definition=institute, enact, or establish | synonyms=lay down, establish | examples=make laws
24. sense_key=make%2:41:13:: | definition=carry out or commit | examples=make a mistake; commit a faux-pas
25. sense_key=make%2:41:01:: | definition=form by assembling individuals or constituents | examples=Make a quorum
26. sense_key=make%2:36:04:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
27. sense_key=make%2:30:02:: | definition=put in order or neaten | synonyms=make up | examples=make the bed; make up a room
28. sense_key=make%2:38:05:: | definition=head into a specified direction | synonyms=take | examples=The escaped convict took to the hills; We made for the mountains
29. sense_key=make%2:29:00:: | definition=have a bowel movement | synonyms=stool, defecate, shit, take a shit, take a crap, ca-ca | examples=The dog had made in the flower beds
30. sense_key=make%2:42:09:: | definition=undergo fabrication or creation | examples=This wool makes into a nice sweater
31. sense_key=make%2:42:13:: | definition=be suitable for | examples=Wood makes good furniture
32. sense_key=make%2:42:12:: | definition=add up to | examples=four and four make eight
33. sense_key=make%2:42:11:: | definition=amount to | examples=This salary increase makes no difference to my standard of living
34. sense_key=make%2:42:15:: | definition=constitute the essence of | examples=Clothes make the man
35. sense_key=make%2:39:12:: | definition=appear to begin an activity | examples=He made to speak but said nothing in the end; She made as if to say hello to us
36. sense_key=make%2:38:10:: | definition=proceed along a path | synonyms=work | examples=work one's way through the crowd; make one's way into the forest
37. sense_key=make%2:38:15:: | definition=reach in time | examples=We barely made the plane
38. sense_key=make%2:36:10:: | definition=gather and light the materials for | examples=make a fire
39. sense_key=make%2:36:07:: | definition=prepare for eating by applying heat | synonyms=cook, fix, ready, prepare | examples=Cook me dinner, please; can you make me an omelette?
40. sense_key=make%2:35:13:: | definition=induce to have sex | synonyms=seduce, score | examples=Harry finally seduced Sally; Did you score last night?
41. sense_key=make%2:32:14:: | definition=assure the success of | examples=A good review by this critic will make your play!
42. sense_key=make%2:32:09:: | definition=represent fictitiously, as in a play, or pretend to be or act like | synonyms=pretend, make believe | examples=She makes like an actress
43. sense_key=make%2:31:10:: | definition=consider as being | examples=It wasn't the problem some people made it
44. sense_key=make%2:31:12:: | definition=calculate as being | examples=I make the height about 100 feet
45. sense_key=make%2:30:10:: | definition=cause to be enjoyable or pleasurable | examples=make my day
46. sense_key=make%2:30:14:: | definition=favor the development of | examples=Practice makes the winner
47. sense_key=make%2:30:12:: | definition=develop into | examples=He will make a splendid father!
48. sense_key=make%2:29:06:: | definition=behave in a certain way | examples=make merry
49. sense_key=make%2:29:01:: | definition=eliminate urine | synonyms=urinate, piddle, puddle, micturate, piss, pee | examples=Again, the cat had made on the expensive rug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "making" in the given context. The target surface form is "making" (derived from "make"). We need to choose the single best indexed sense from the list.

Context: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says.

The phrase "making a very obvious exit" – here "making" is used with "exit" to mean creating or performing the action of exiting. The ringers are exiting in a noisy, obvious way. So "making" here is like "doing" or "performing" an exit. But note that "exit" is a noun, and the phrase "make an exit" is idiomatic, meaning to leave, especially in a noticeable way. So it's not literally creating an exit (like a door), but rather performing the act of exiting.

Let's consider the candidate senses. We need a sense that fits "making an exit" where "exit" is a noun denoting an action (the act of leaving).

- Sense 1: make%2:41:00:: "engage in" | synonyms=do | examples: make love, not war; make an effort. "make an exit" fits similarly: it's engaging in the act of exiting. "make an effort" is a similar structure. So this sense seems plausible.

- Sense 2: give certain properties to something (get someone mad; She made us look silly). Not fitting; not about attributing properties.

- Sense 3: make or cause to be or to become; create a mess, create a furor. "Make an exit" could be seen as causing an exit to exist, but it's more about performing the action.

- Sense 4: cause to do; induce. "The ads induced me to buy". Not matching.

- Sense 5: give rise to; cause to happen. "cause a commotion; make a stir". "Make a stir" is similar to "make an exit"? Actually, "make a stir" means cause a commotion, not just perform. But "make an exit" could be seen as causing an exit to happen. But note: "make an exit" doesn't mean cause someone else to exit; it means to exit oneself. So it's more like "do an exit".

- Sense 6: create or manufacture a man-made product. Not likely; exit is not a product.

- Sense 7: formulate in the mind. "draw a conclusion". Not.

- Sense 8: compel somebody. "Heat makes you sweat". Not.

- Sense 9: create by artistic means. Not.

- Sense 10: earn money. Not.

- Sense 11: create or design in a certain way. "Do my room in blue". Not.

- Sense 12: to compose or represent. "This wall forms the background". Not.

- Sense 13: reach a goal. "make the first team". Not.

- Sense 14: be or be capable of being changed into. Not.

- Sense 15: make by shaping or bringing together constituents. Not.

- Sense 16: perform or carry out. "make a decision; make a move". This is interesting. "Make a decision" means perform the act of deciding. "Make a move" means perform a move. Similarly, "make an exit" means perform the act of exiting. So sense 16 is about performing an action. This sense is close to sense 1, but with synonyms "perform or carry out". Check gloss: "perform or carry out" with examples "make a decision; make a move". So sense 16 seems very apt.

- Sense 17: construct, build. Not.

- Sense 18: change form. Not.

- Sense 19: act in a certain way so as to acquire. "make friends". Not.

- Sense 20: charge to be. "She was made president". Not.

- Sense 21: achieve a point or goal. Not.

- etc.

So best matches are sense 1 and sense 16. Both involve doing/engaging in an action. Let's compare: Sense 1: "engage in" with synonyms "do", examples "make love, not war; make an effort". Sense 16: "perform or carry out" with examples "make a decision; make a move". The phrase "make an exit" seems more like "perform an exit" or "carry out an exiting action". It is a bit like "make a move" – you perform a move, you make a move. So sense 16 might be more precise. However, sense 1's example "make an effort" is also a similar structure: make + noun phrase denoting an action. "make love" is also an action. Both are plausible. But note that "making an exit" does not mean merely engaging in exiting; it means actually performing the act. In WordNet, sense 1 is defined as "engage in". Sense 16 is "perform or carry out". When you say "He made a very obvious exit", it's exactly "He performed/executed an exit in an obvious way." Sense 16 seems slightly more precise because it includes "perform". Also, the context emphasizes the manner: "crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang" – they are performing the exit noisily. So performing an action makes sense.

Let's check the sense indices: sense 1 is index 1 (make%2:41:00::). Sense 16 is index 16 (make%2:36:12::). I lean towards sense 16 because it explicitly says "perform or carry out" and the example "make a move" is similar to "make an exit". Also, "make a decision" is a common collocation. Sense 1 might be more general "engage in", which could include any activity, but sense 16 is specialized for performing an action often expressed by a noun that denotes an act. Indeed, "exit" as a noun can denote an act of leaving. So I'd pick sense 16.

Double-check: Are there any other senses that fit? Sense 3: "make or cause to be or to become" – "make a mess" creates a mess. "make an exit" doesn't create an exit (like a door), it enacts an exit. Sense 5: "cause to happen" – "cause a commotion". Could "make an exit" mean cause an exit to happen? That would be odd because they themselves are exiting, not causing an exit event externally. So sense 5 is not right. So indeed, sense 16 is best.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 16}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: very
Target surface form: very
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a <t>very</t> obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=very%4:02:00:: | definition=used as intensifiers; `real' is sometimes used informally for `really'; `rattling' is informal | synonyms=really, real, rattling | examples=she was very gifted; he played very well
2. sense_key=very%4:02:01:: | definition=precisely so | examples=on the very next page; he expected the very opposite

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "very" in the given context. The context is: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says.

The target word is "very". We have two candidate senses:
- Sense 1: used as intensifiers; synonyms: really, real, rattling; examples: she was very gifted; he played very well.
- Sense 2: precisely so; examples: on the very next page; he expected the very opposite.

In the context, "very" is used in "making a very obvious exit". Here, "very" modifies "obvious", intensifying the adjective. It means "to a high degree" or "extremely", which aligns with sense 1 as an intensifier. Sense 2 is about precision or exactness, like "the very next page" meaning exactly that page. It doesn't fit here because it's not saying "the very exit" but "very obvious". So sense 1 is correct.

Thus, the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: exit
Target surface form: exit
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious <t>exit</t> while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=exit%1:06:00:: | definition=an opening that permits escape or release | synonyms=issue, outlet, way out | examples=he blocked the way out; the canyon had only one issue
2. sense_key=exit%1:11:00:: | definition=euphemistic expressions for death | synonyms=passing, loss, departure, expiration, going, release | examples=thousands mourned his passing
3. sense_key=exit%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of going out

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "exit" in the context. The target lemma is "exit", surface form "exit". The context mentions: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious <t>exit</t> while the congregation is at prayer, "he says.

The sense 1 is "an opening that permits escape or release" (like a way out, issue, outlet). Sense 2 is euphemisms for death. Sense 3 is "the act of going out".

In the context, "making a very obvious exit" refers to the ringers leaving (going out) from above, while the congregation is at prayer. They are physically exiting the area, so it's the act of going out. It's not an opening (sense 1), because "making a very obvious exit" doesn't refer to the physical opening, but the action of leaving. It's not death. So sense 3 fits best.

Thus the answer: {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: congregation
Target surface form: congregation
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the <t>congregation</t> is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=congregation%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church | synonyms=fold, faithful
2. sense_key=congregation%1:14:01:: | definition=an assemblage of people or animals or things collected together | examples=a congregation of children pleaded for his autograph; a great congregation of birds flew over
3. sense_key=congregation%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of congregating | synonyms=congregating

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target word "congregation" in a specific context. The context describes bell ringers making noise while exiting during a church service, specifically when "the congregation is at prayer." We need to choose the best sense among three provided WordNet senses.

Let's analyze the context: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says. The congregation here refers to the people gathered in the church for prayer, i.e., the church attendees. The first sense is "a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church" (synonyms: fold, faithful). This fits perfectly: the congregation is the group of faithful people at prayer in the church.

The second sense is a more general "assemblage of people or animals or things collected together" with examples like "a congregation of children" or "a congregation of birds." While it could apply, the context specifically is about a church setting, and the word "congregation" in a church context typically refers to the religious group. Sense 1 is more specific and accurate.

The third sense is "the act of congregating." That doesn't fit because "the congregation is at prayer" refers to the people, not the act.

Thus, sense 1 is the best. We output {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prayer
Target surface form: prayer
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at <t>prayer</t>, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prayer%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving) | synonyms=supplication | examples=the priest sank to his knees in prayer
2. sense_key=prayer%1:10:02:: | definition=reverent petition to a deity | synonyms=petition, orison
3. sense_key=prayer%1:10:00:: | definition=earnest or urgent request | synonyms=entreaty, appeal | examples=an entreaty to stop the fighting; an appeal for help
4. sense_key=prayer%1:10:01:: | definition=a fixed text used in praying
5. sense_key=prayer%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who prays to God | synonyms=supplicant

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for "prayer" in the given context. The target is "prayer" as a noun. We have five candidate senses with definitions, synonyms, and examples. We need to pick the best index (1-5) based on context.

Context: "... while the congregation is at prayer," he says. So the congregation is engaged in the act of praying. Looking at the senses:

1. "the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)" – this is the general act of praying. Example: "the priest sank to his knees in prayer". This fits "at prayer" meaning engaged in the act of prayer.

2. "reverent petition to a deity" – this is a specific prayer as a petition, not the general act. "At prayer" usually means in the state of praying, not a specific uttered petition. Synonyms: petition, orison. This is more specific.

3. "earnest or urgent request" – this is not deity-specific, can be any request. Context is church, so unlikely.

4. "a fixed text used in praying" – like a written prayer, e.g., the Lord's Prayer. "At prayer" meaning engaged in praying, not necessarily using a fixed text, though they might be. But "at prayer" typically refers to the act, not the text.

5. "someone who prays to God" – a person. Clearly not, since "the congregation is at prayer" doesn't mean they are at a person.

So sense 1 is the most appropriate: the act of communicating with a deity. Sense 2 might be a specific prayer, but "at prayer" is an idiomatic phrase for the act. Anyway, index 1 is the best.

Thus, return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: say
Target surface form: says
Context:
An entirely new band rings today at Great Torrington, several of whom are members of the congregation. But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he <t>says</t>. Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=say%2:32:00:: | definition=express in words | synonyms=state, tell | examples=He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you
2. sense_key=say%2:32:01:: | definition=report or maintain | synonyms=allege, aver | examples=He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene in the war
3. sense_key=say%2:32:03:: | definition=express a supposition | synonyms=suppose | examples=Let us say that he did not tell the truth; Let's say you had a lot of money--what would you do?
4. sense_key=say%2:42:00:: | definition=have or contain a certain wording or form | synonyms=read | examples=The passage reads as follows; What does the law say?
5. sense_key=say%2:32:04:: | definition=give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority | synonyms=order, tell, enjoin | examples=I said to him to go home; She ordered him to do the shopping
6. sense_key=say%2:32:02:: | definition=speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way | synonyms=pronounce, articulate, enounce, sound out, enunciate | examples=She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say `zip wire'
7. sense_key=say%2:32:07:: | definition=communicate or express nonverbally | examples=What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything about how he felt?
8. sense_key=say%2:32:15:: | definition=utter aloud | examples=She said `Hello' to everyone in the office
9. sense_key=say%2:32:13:: | definition=state as one's opinion or judgement; declare | examples=I say let's forget this whole business
10. sense_key=say%2:32:08:: | definition=recite or repeat a fixed text | examples=Say grace; She said her `Hail Mary'
11. sense_key=say%2:32:09:: | definition=indicate | examples=The clock says noon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "says" in the given context. The target is "says" in the sentence: "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says. The speaker is C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, who is describing the noise and disruption caused by bell ringers leaving the bell tower during prayers. He is reporting or expressing his observation/opinion in words. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. express in words (state, tell). Example: He said that he wanted to marry her; tell me what is bothering you. This is a general sense of expressing something verbally. Fits: he verbally expressed the words.

2. report or maintain (allege, aver). Example: He alleged that he was the victim of a crime; He said it was too late to intervene... This implies asserting something with a degree of contention or reporting something that might be disputed. Not necessarily the case here; he's just describing something.

3. express a supposition (suppose). Example: Let us say that he did not tell the truth. This is for hypotheticals, not applicable.

4. have or contain a certain wording or form (read). Example: The passage reads as follows; What does the law say? This refers to the content of a text, not a person speaking.

5. give instructions or direct (order, tell). Example: I said to him to go home. Not the case; he's not ordering anyone.

6. speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way (pronounce, articulate). Example: She pronounces French words in a funny way; I cannot say 'zip wire'. Focuses on pronunciation, not expression.

7. communicate or express nonverbally. Example: What does this painting say?; Did his face say anything... This is about non-verbal communication, not applicable.

8. utter aloud. Example: She said 'Hello' to everyone. This is a very basic sense of producing spoken words. It fits, but sense 1 is more specific about expressing meaning.

9. state as one's opinion or judgement; declare. Example: I say let's forget this whole business. Here, "say" introduces an opinion. In the context, he might be stating his opinion that the fault lies in the stairs location. The full quote: "So crunch, crunch... exit while the congregation is at prayer," he says. That is him expressing his view of the situation. So sense 9 could fit: he is declaring his opinion.

10. recite or repeat a fixed text. Not applicable.

11. indicate. Example: The clock says noon. Not applicable; not about a clock or indicator.

The sentence has "he says" as a reporting clause. Typically, in journalistic writing, "he says" simply attributes the spoken words. So the most straightforward sense is 1: express in words. Sense 9 is more specific: state as one's opinion or judgement. But is he stating an opinion? He is describing a scene, showing how the bell ringers' exit disturbs prayer. That description could be seen as expressing his opinion that the fault lies in the stairs. However, the actual quote is descriptive: "So crunch, crunch, crunch ... making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer". It's not an explicit opinion statement like "I think the stairs are at fault." But the earlier part says "C.J.B. Marshall ... feels the fault is in the stairs" and then he says that quote. So his statement is an illustration to back up his opinion. The reporting verb "says" just introduces his uttered words. In WordNet, sense 1 is the default "express in words" that covers any form of saying. Sense 9 is "state as one's opinion or judgement; declare" with example "I say let's forget this whole business". That example shows "I say" introducing a proposal. In the context, "he says" is not introducing his own proposition; it's just reporting his words. So sense 1 seems more neutral and appropriate.

Sense 2 (report or maintain) might also be considered because he is reporting a situation (he says it's crunch, bang). But that sense is more like "He alleged that..." In this case, it's not an allegation or something controversial; it's an observation. So sense 1 is best.

Thus, the index is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: admit
Target surface form: admits
Context:
But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall <t>admits</t> to mixed feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=admit%2:32:00:: | definition=declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of | synonyms=acknowledge | examples=He admitted his errors; She acknowledged that she might have forgotten
2. sense_key=admit%2:41:01:: | definition=allow to enter; grant entry to | synonyms=allow in, let in, intromit | examples=We cannot admit non-members into our club building; This pipe admits air
3. sense_key=admit%2:41:00:: | definition=allow participation in or the right to be part of; permit to exercise the rights, functions, and responsibilities of | synonyms=let in, include | examples=admit someone to the profession; She was admitted to the New Jersey Bar
4. sense_key=admit%2:40:00:: | definition=admit into a group or community | synonyms=accept, take, take on | examples=accept students for graduate study; We'll have to vote on whether or not to admit a new member
5. sense_key=admit%2:42:06:: | definition=afford possibility | synonyms=allow | examples=This problem admits of no solution; This short story allows of several different interpretations
6. sense_key=admit%2:42:00:: | definition=give access or entrance to | examples=The French doors admit onto the yard
7. sense_key=admit%2:42:04:: | definition=have room for; hold without crowding | synonyms=accommodate, hold | examples=This hotel can accommodate 250 guests; The theater admits 300 people
8. sense_key=admit%2:42:03:: | definition=serve as a means of entrance | examples=This ticket will admit one adult to the show

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "admit" and the surface form "admits" in the context. The context: "... Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings about this issue ..." Here, "admits" means he acknowledges or confesses that he has mixed feelings. It's about declaring or acknowledging something. Looking at the senses:
1. sense_key=admit%2:32:00:: definition=declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of, synonyms=acknowledge, examples: He admitted his errors; She acknowledged that she might have forgotten.
This fits perfectly: Vicar Marshall admits to mixed feelings = he acknowledges that he has mixed feelings.
The other senses: 2 is about allowing entry (into a place), 3 about allowing participation, 4 about admitting into a group, 5 about affording possibility (admit of no solution), 6 about giving access (doors admit onto yard), 7 about capacity (theater admits 300), 8 about serving as means of entrance (ticket admits one). None of these fit the context of confessing feelings. So sense_index 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mixed
Target surface form: mixed
Context:
But there still are not enough ringers to ring more than six of the eight bells. At St. Mary's Church in Ilminster, Somerset, the bells have fallen silent following a dust-up over church attendance. The vicar, W.D. Jones, refuses to talk about it, saying it would "reopen the wound. "But C.J.B. Marshall, vicar of a nearby church, feels the fault is in the stairs from the bell tower that are located next to the altar. "So crunch, crunch, crunch, bang, bang, bang -- here come the ringers from above, making a very obvious exit while the congregation is at prayer, "he says. Vicar Marshall admits to <t>mixed</t> feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself. "The sound of bells is a net to draw people into the church, "he says.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mixed%5:00:00:heterogeneous:00 | definition=consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds; ; ; ; ; ; - I.A.Richards | synonyms=assorted, miscellaneous, motley, sundry | examples=an arrangement of assorted spring flowers; assorted sizes
2. sense_key=mixed%5:00:00:integrated:00 | definition=involving or composed of different races | synonyms=interracial | examples=interracial schools; a mixed neighborhood

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "mixed" in the given context. The candidate senses are:

1. sense_key=mixed%5:00:00:heterogeneous:00 | definition=consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds; synonyms=assorted, miscellaneous, motley, sundry | examples=an arrangement of assorted spring flowers; assorted sizes
2. sense_key=mixed%5:00:00:integrated:00 | definition=involving or composed of different races | synonyms=interracial | examples=interracial schools; a mixed neighborhood

Context: Vicar Marshall admits to <t>mixed</t> feelings about this issue, since he is both a vicar and an active bell-ringer himself.

"Mixed feelings" is a common phrase meaning having contradictory or conflicting emotions. It doesn't refer to race, so sense 2 is clearly not applicable. Sense 1 is about a haphazard assortment of different kinds, which fits "mixed feelings" because it's an assortment of different feelings (e.g., both positive and negative). The synonyms "assorted, miscellaneous" support this. So sense 1 is the correct choice.

Therefore, the JSON: {"sense_index": 1}