[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fire
Target surface form: fire
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop <t>fire</t> sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fire%1:11:00:: | definition=the event of something burning (often destructive) | examples=they lost everything in the fire
2. sense_key=fire%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy | synonyms=firing | examples=hold your fire until you can see the whites of their eyes; they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire
3. sense_key=fire%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke | synonyms=flame, flaming | examples=fire was one of our ancestors' first discoveries
4. sense_key=fire%1:06:00:: | definition=a fireplace in which a relatively small fire is burning | examples=they sat by the fire and talked
5. sense_key=fire%1:27:01:: | definition=once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
6. sense_key=fire%1:12:00:: | definition=feelings of great warmth and intensity | synonyms=ardor, ardour, fervor, fervour, fervency, fervidness | examples=he spoke with great ardor
7. sense_key=fire%1:27:00:: | definition=fuel that is burning and is used as a means for cooking | examples=put the kettle on the fire; barbecue over an open fire
8. sense_key=fire%1:11:01:: | definition=a severe trial | examples=he went through fire and damnation
9. sense_key=fire%1:10:00:: | definition=intense adverse criticism | synonyms=attack, flak, flack, blast | examples=Clinton directed his fire at the Republican Party; the government has come under attack

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "fire" and target surface form "fire" in a context. The context is: "12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop <t>fire</t> sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m."

The target is the word "fire" inside <t> tags: "<t>fire</t>". So the phrase is "the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air." This means the fire at an auto paint shop. So it's a fire event, likely a destructive burning. The senses provided:

1. fire%1:11:00:: definition: the event of something burning (often destructive) examples: they lost everything in the fire. This seems like a good match: it's an event of burning, often destructive. The phrase "auto paint shop fire" suggests a fire event at that shop.

2. sense_key=fire%1:04:00:: definition: the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy. Not applicable.

3. sense_key=fire%1:22:00:: definition: the process of combustion of inflammable materials producing heat and light and (often) smoke synonyms: flame, flaming examples: fire was one of our ancestors' first discoveries. This is more about the chemical process itself, not necessarily an event of something burning. It could be used, but typically when talking about a specific fire event like a shop fire, we'd use sense 1.

4. sense_key=fire%1:06:00:: definition: a fireplace in which a relatively small fire is burning. Not applicable.

5. sense_key=fire%1:27:01:: definition: once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles). No.

6. sense_key=fire%1:12:00:: definition: feelings of great warmth and intensity. No.

7. sense_key=fire%1:27:00:: definition: fuel that is burning and is used as a means for cooking. Not applicable to an auto paint shop fire.

8. sense_key=fire%1:11:01:: definition: a severe trial. Not literal fire.

9. sense_key=fire%1:10:00:: definition: intense adverse criticism. Not applicable.

Between sense 1 and 3, sense 1 explicitly says "the event of something burning (often destructive)" and gives an example "they lost everything in the fire". The context here is "the auto paint shop fire" – it's a specific fire event that sent smoke. Sense 3 is more the general phenomenon or process. In WordNet, sense 1 (fire%1:11:00::) is the most common sense for a destructive fire event. Sense 3 is more about the chemical reaction. So I'd go with sense 1.

But let's double-check: The phrase "the auto paint shop fire" means a fire that happened at the auto paint shop. It's an event. So sense 1 fits perfectly.

Thus, the answer should be sense index 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: DeepInfra


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: send
Target surface form: sent
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire <t>sent</t> an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=send%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to go somewhere | synonyms=direct | examples=The explosion sent the car flying in the air; She sent her children to camp
2. sense_key=send%2:35:00:: | definition=to cause or order to be taken, directed, or transmitted to another place | synonyms=send out | examples=He had sent the dispatches downtown to the proper people and had slept
3. sense_key=send%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to be directed or transmitted to another place | synonyms=mail, post | examples=send me your latest results; I'll mail you the paper when it's written
4. sense_key=send%2:38:00:: | definition=transport commercially | synonyms=transport, ship
5. sense_key=send%2:33:00:: | definition=assign to a station | synonyms=station, post, place
6. sense_key=send%2:32:02:: | definition=transfer | synonyms=get off, send off | examples=The spy sent the classified information off to Russia
7. sense_key=send%2:40:00:: | definition=cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution | synonyms=commit, institutionalize, institutionalise, charge | examples=After the second episode, she had to be committed; he was committed to prison
8. sense_key=send%2:32:03:: | definition=broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television | synonyms=air, broadcast, beam, transmit | examples=We cannot air this X-rated song

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "sent" in the given context. Let's analyze the context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air." The target word "sent" is used to describe what the fire did to the cloud of smoke. Specifically, it caused the cloud to go into the air.

Now, let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=send%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to go somewhere | synonyms=direct | examples=The explosion sent the car flying in the air; She sent her children to camp
   - This seems very fitting: "sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air" means the fire caused the smoke to go somewhere (into the air). The example "The explosion sent the car flying in the air" is similar.

2. sense_key=send%2:35:00:: | definition=to cause or order to be taken, directed, or transmitted to another place | synonyms=send out | examples=He had sent the dispatches downtown to the proper people and had slept
   - This sense is more about causing something to be taken or transmitted to another place, often with purpose or order. It might apply if someone intentionally sent the smoke, but the fire is not an agent that orders something; it just causes the smoke to go.

3. sense_key=send%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to be directed or transmitted to another place | synonyms=mail, post | examples=send me your latest results; I'll mail you the paper when it's written
   - This is specifically about mailing or posting, typically involving communication. Not applicable to smoke.

4. sense_key=send%2:38:00:: | definition=transport commercially | synonyms=transport, ship
   - This is about commercial transport. Not applicable.

5. sense_key=send%2:33:00:: | definition=assign to a station | synonyms=station, post, place
   - Not applicable.

6. sense_key=send%2:32:02:: | definition=transfer | synonyms=get off, send off | examples=The spy sent the classified information off to Russia
   - This is about transferring something, but the example is about information, not physical objects like smoke. Might be less direct.

7. sense_key=send%2:40:00:: | definition=cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution | synonyms=commit, institutionalize, institutionalise, charge | examples=After the second episode, she had to be committed; he was committed to prison
   - Not applicable.

8. sense_key=send%2:32:03:: | definition=broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television | synonyms=air, broadcast, beam, transmit | examples=We cannot air this X-rated song
   - Not applicable.

The closest is sense 1: "cause to go somewhere" with the example "The explosion sent the car flying in the air" which is very analogous to "fire sent a cloud of smoke into the air". The fire causes the smoke to go into the air. Sense 2 also is somewhat relevant, but sense 1 is more precise for this physical causation of movement. Sense 2 involves ordering or causing to be taken; while it could be used, the gloss for sense 1 explicitly says "cause to go somewhere" and the example is parallel.

Therefore, I'll select sense 1.

Output JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cloud
Target surface form: cloud
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking <t>cloud</t> of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cloud%1:19:01:: | definition=any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible
2. sense_key=cloud%1:17:00:: | definition=a visible mass of water or ice particles suspended at a considerable altitude
3. sense_key=cloud%1:26:01:: | definition=out of touch with reality | examples=his head was in the clouds
4. sense_key=cloud%1:26:02:: | definition=a cause of worry or gloom or trouble | examples=the only cloud on the horizon was the possibility of dissent by the French
5. sense_key=cloud%1:26:00:: | definition=suspicion affecting your reputation | examples=after that mistake he was under a cloud
6. sense_key=cloud%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of many things in the air or on the ground | synonyms=swarm | examples=a swarm of insects obscured the light; clouds of blossoms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need to choose the best indexed sense for "cloud" in the context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking <t>cloud</t> of black smoke into the air." The target surface form is "cloud". It's clearly about a visible mass of particles (smoke) from a fire. That's sense 1: "any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible". The context mentions "black smoke" and "cloud of black smoke". So it's a visible collection of smoke particles. Sense 2 is about water droplets, not applicable. Sense 3 is metaphorical head in clouds. Sense 4 is a cause of worry. Sense 5 is suspicion. Sense 6 is a group of many things in air or ground, like swarm of insects or clouds of blossoms. That could be possible, but the text specifically says "cloud of black smoke", which fits sense 1 better because it's particles (smoke). Sense 1 explicitly mentions smoke or dust. Sense 6 is more about a swarm or a large number of things, like insects or blossoms. While you could say "clouds of smoke" might be considered a group of many things, sense 1 is directly for collections of particles. The gloss of sense 6 includes "a group of many things in the air or on the ground" with examples "swarm of insects", "clouds of blossoms". That could fit, but the definition of sense 1 is specifically "any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible". Smoke is a collection of particles. So sense 1 is more precise. We'll choose sense_index 1.

The answer should be JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: black
Target surface form: black
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of <t>black</t> smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=black%3:00:01:: | definition=being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light | examples=black leather jackets; as black as coal
2. sense_key=black%3:00:02:: | definition=of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin; - Martin Luther King Jr. | examples=a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization
3. sense_key=black%5:00:00:angry:00 | definition=marked by anger or resentment or hostility | examples=black looks; black words
4. sense_key=black%5:00:00:hopeless:00 | definition=offering little or no hope; ; ; - J.M.Synge | synonyms=bleak, dim | examples=the future looked black; prospects were bleak
5. sense_key=black%5:00:00:evil:00 | definition=stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable; ; ; ; ; ; ; -Thomas Hardy | synonyms=dark, sinister | examples=black deeds; a black lie
6. sense_key=black%5:00:00:unfortunate:00 | definition=(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin; ; ; ; - Charles Darwin; - Douglas MacArthur | synonyms=calamitous, disastrous, fatal, fateful | examples=the stock market crashed on Black Friday; a calamitous defeat
7. sense_key=black%5:00:00:colored:00 | definition=(of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood | synonyms=blackened | examples=a face black with fury
8. sense_key=black%5:00:00:dark:01 | definition=extremely dark | synonyms=pitch-black, pitch-dark | examples=a black moonless night; through the pitch-black woods
9. sense_key=black%5:00:00:sarcastic:00 | definition=harshly ironic or sinister | synonyms=grim, mordant | examples=black humor; a grim joke
10. sense_key=black%5:00:00:covert:00 | definition=(of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading | examples=black propaganda
11. sense_key=black%5:00:00:illegal:00 | definition=distributed or sold illicitly | synonyms=bootleg, black-market, contraband, smuggled | examples=the black economy pays no taxes
12. sense_key=black%5:00:00:dishonorable:00 | definition=(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame; - Rachel Carson | synonyms=disgraceful, ignominious, inglorious, opprobrious, shameful | examples=Man...has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands; an ignominious retreat
13. sense_key=black%5:00:00:undiluted:00 | definition=(of coffee) without cream or sugar
14. sense_key=black%5:00:00:dirty:01 | definition=soiled with dirt or soot | synonyms=smutty | examples=with feet black from playing outdoors; his shirt was black within an hour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context." The target lemma is "black", surface form "black". We have a context: "12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of <t>black</t> smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m."

We need to interpret "black" in the context of "black smoke". The smoke is from an auto paint shop fire, described as "evil-looking". The word "black" here is directly describing the color of the smoke. It's achromatic, the color of maximum darkness. There's no indication it's about race (sense 2), anger (3), hopelessness (4), evil (5) despite "evil-looking", but that's the cloud looking evil, not the smoke's blackness being evil; the word is simply describing the color. It's not about events (6), face (7), dark as in lacking light (8) – though smoke could make it dark, but it's the color of the smoke. Not sarcastic (9), not covert ops (10), not illicit (11), not disgraceful (12), not coffee (13), not soiled with dirt (14). So sense 1 fits: being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness. "Black smoke" is a very common collocation for the color. Sense 8 is "extremely dark" like pitch-black, and that could apply to smoke making the surroundings dark, but the context says "cloud of black smoke", focusing on the smoke itself being black. The examples for sense 1: "black leather jackets; as black as coal" – so black as a color. So sense 1 is best.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: smoke
Target surface form: smoke
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black <t>smoke</t> into the air. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=smoke%1:19:00:: | definition=a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas | synonyms=fume
2. sense_key=smoke%1:22:00:: | definition=a hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon being produced by combustion | synonyms=smoking | examples=the fire produced a tower of black smoke that could be seen for miles
3. sense_key=smoke%1:10:00:: | definition=an indication of some hidden activity | examples=with all that smoke there must be a fire somewhere
4. sense_key=smoke%1:07:00:: | definition=something with no concrete substance | examples=his dreams all turned to smoke; it was just smoke and mirrors
5. sense_key=smoke%1:06:00:: | definition=tobacco leaves that have been made into a cylinder | synonyms=roll of tobacco
6. sense_key=smoke%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for marijuana | synonyms=pot, grass, green goddess, dope, weed, gage
7. sense_key=smoke%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of smoking tobacco or other substances | synonyms=smoking | examples=he went outside for a smoke; smoking stinks
8. sense_key=smoke%1:04:02:: | definition=(baseball) a pitch thrown with maximum velocity | synonyms=fastball, heater, hummer, bullet | examples=he swung late on the fastball; he showed batters nothing but smoke

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "smoke" and context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black <t>smoke</t> into the air." The context clearly describes a cloud of black smoke from a fire, specifically an auto paint shop fire. This is a physical, tangible smoke produced by combustion, containing fine particles. Let's evaluate the candidate senses:

1. sense_index 1: a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas. This is a general definition and could fit, but it's very broad.

2. sense_index 2: a hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon being produced by combustion. The example: "the fire produced a tower of black smoke that could be seen for miles" is almost exactly matching the context: fire, black smoke, cloud into the air. This seems more specific to smoke from a fire.

3. sense_index 3: an indication of some hidden activity. Doesn't fit.

4. sense_index 4: something with no concrete substance. Doesn't fit.

5. sense_index 5: tobacco leaves made into a cylinder (a cigarette). No.

6. sense_index 6: marijuana. No.

7. sense_index 7: the act of smoking. No.

8. sense_index 8: baseball pitch. No.

So between sense 1 and sense 2, sense 2 is more specific to the context of a fire producing black smoke, as it explicitly mentions combustion and carbon particles. The example matches perfectly. Thus, sense_index=2 is the best choice.

Output JSON: {"sense_index": 2}

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: air
Target surface form: air
Context:
12:06 a.m. HRH: I was in the Berkeley Main library when it hit. Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the <t>air</t>. 12:07 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=air%1:27:00:: | definition=a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of | examples=air pollution; a smell of chemicals in the air
2. sense_key=air%1:15:00:: | definition=the region above the ground | examples=her hand stopped in mid air; he threw the ball into the air
3. sense_key=air%1:07:00:: | definition=a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing | synonyms=aura, atmosphere | examples=an air of mystery; the house had a neglected air
4. sense_key=air%1:19:00:: | definition=a slight wind (usually refreshing) | synonyms=breeze, zephyr, gentle wind | examples=the breeze was cooled by the lake; as he waited he could feel the air on his neck
5. sense_key=air%1:15:01:: | definition=the mass of air surrounding the Earth | synonyms=atmosphere | examples=there was great heat as the comet entered the atmosphere; it was exposed to the air
6. sense_key=air%1:27:01:: | definition=once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)
7. sense_key=air%1:10:01:: | definition=a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence | synonyms=tune, melody, strain, melodic line, line, melodic phrase | examples=she was humming an air from Beethoven
8. sense_key=air%1:10:02:: | definition=medium for radio and television broadcasting | synonyms=airwave | examples=the program was on the air from 9 til midnight; the president used the airwaves to take his message to the people
9. sense_key=air%1:04:00:: | definition=travel via aircraft | synonyms=air travel, aviation | examples=air travel involves too much waiting in airports; if you've time to spare go by air

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target word "air" in a specific context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air." The target is in the phrase "into the air". We need to choose the best sense from the provided list.

Let's analyze the context: The smoke is sent "into the air". This suggests the physical space above the ground, where smoke rises. It's not about the gaseous mixture (though that is also part of it, but the phrase "into the air" typically refers to the sky or the atmosphere). The smoke is going upward into the air, meaning the region above the ground.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. air%1:27:00:: definition: a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of | examples: air pollution; a smell of chemicals in the air. This could work, but "into the air" often focuses on the spatial aspect, not the composition. The smoke goes into the atmosphere, not specifically into the gaseous mixture for breathing.

2. air%1:15:00:: definition: the region above the ground | examples: her hand stopped in mid air; he threw the ball into the air. This seems very fitting: "into the air" is exactly the phrase used in the example "he threw the ball into the air". The smoke is sent into the region above the ground.

3. air%1:07:00:: definition: a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing | synonyms: aura, atmosphere | examples: an air of mystery; the house had a neglected air. Not applicable.

4. air%1:19:00:: definition: a slight wind (usually refreshing) | synonyms: breeze, zephyr, gentle wind | examples: the breeze was cooled by the lake; as he waited he could feel the air on his neck. The context doesn't mention wind; it's about smoke going into the air, not a breeze.

5. air%1:15:01:: definition: the mass of air surrounding the Earth | synonyms: atmosphere | examples: there was great heat as the comet entered the atmosphere; it was exposed to the air. This could also work, as the smoke enters the atmosphere. But note that sense 2 is more general "region above the ground", while sense 5 is "the mass of air surrounding the Earth". The phrase "into the air" is more colloquially associated with sense 2. The example for sense 5 uses "atmosphere" explicitly. In the context, "into the air" is a common expression meaning upwards into the sky, so sense 2 is more direct.

6. air%1:27:01:: definition: once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles). Not applicable.

7. air%1:10:01:: definition: a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence (tune, melody). Not applicable.

8. air%1:10:02:: definition: medium for radio and television broadcasting (on the air). Not applicable.

9. air%1:04:00:: definition: travel via aircraft (by air). Not applicable.

The strongest candidates are sense 1 and sense 2 and sense 5. Sense 1 focuses on the gaseous mixture; "air pollution" is about the gases. But "into the air" is a spatial phrase. In the example for sense 1: "a smell of chemicals in the air" uses "in the air" which is similar, but that example is about a smell being present in the air (the gaseous medium). However, the phrase "sent a cloud of smoke into the air" emphasizes the upward movement into the sky, which aligns with sense 2's example "threw the ball into the air". Also, sense 2 specifically mentions "the region above the ground", which is exactly where the smoke goes. Sense 5 is more scientific, "the mass of air surrounding the Earth", but the context is a casual description of an event. Sense 2 is the most fitting.

Thus, I choose sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fine
Target surface form: fine
Context:
Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are <t>fine</t>. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:satisfactory:00 | definition=being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition | synonyms=all right, o.k., okay, hunky-dory | examples=an all-right movie; the passengers were shaken up but are all right
2. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:precise:00 | definition=minutely precise especially in differences in meaning | examples=a fine distinction
3. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:thin:01 | definition=thin in thickness or diameter | examples=a fine film of oil; fine hairs
4. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:elegant:00 | definition=characterized by elegance or refinement or accomplishment | examples=fine wine; looking fine in her Easter suit
5. sense_key=fine%3:00:00:: | definition=of textures that are smooth to the touch or substances consisting of relatively small particles | examples=wood with a fine grain; fine powdery snow
6. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:pure:02 | definition=free from impurities; having a high or specified degree of purity | examples=gold 21 carats fine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "fine" in the given context. The target surface form is "fine". Context: "My younger daughter and I are fine." The candidate senses are provided with definitions and examples. We need to pick the single best sense.

Let's analyze the context: The speaker says, "My younger daughter and I are fine." The preceding context describes an earthquake or some shaking event: "Endless seconds wondering if those huge windows would buckle and shower us with glass. Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger." So, after a traumatic event, the speaker reassures that they are okay, not injured or harmed. "Fine" here means in a satisfactory condition, safe, unharmed. It matches sense 1: "being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition", with synonyms "all right, o.k., okay, hunky-dory", and the example "the passengers were shaken up but are all right". That example is very close to the context: shaken up but all right.

Other senses: sense 2 (precise), sense 3 (thin), sense 4 (elegant), sense 5 (texture), sense 6 (pure) do not fit the context of someone stating they are fine after a scary event.

Thus, the best sense is index 1.

Now, output JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: building
Target surface form: building
Context:
Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This <t>building</t> shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=building%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place | synonyms=edifice | examples=there was a three-story building on the corner; it was an imposing edifice
2. sense_key=building%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of constructing something | synonyms=construction | examples=during the construction we had to take a detour; his hobby was the building of boats
3. sense_key=building%1:04:01:: | definition=the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones | synonyms=construction | examples=their main business is home construction; workers in the building trades
4. sense_key=building%1:14:00:: | definition=the occupants of a building | examples=the entire building complained about the noise

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "building" with surface form "building" in the given context. We have four candidate senses. The context: "Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful."

The target word appears in: "This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger." So "building" here is a physical structure that shook. Sense 1: "a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place" (edifice). Sense 2: "the act of constructing something" (construction). Sense 3: "commercial activity involved in repairing/constructing" (construction). Sense 4: "occupants of a building". In context, "This building shook" clearly refers to a physical structure shaking. So the correct sense is sense 1.

Thus, answer: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: shake
Target surface form: shook
Context:
Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building <t>shook</t> like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=shake%2:38:00:: | definition=move or cause to move back and forth | synonyms=agitate | examples=The chemist shook the flask vigorously; My hands were shaking
2. sense_key=shake%2:29:00:: | definition=move with or as if with a tremor | synonyms=didder | examples=his hands shook
3. sense_key=shake%2:38:01:: | definition=shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively | synonyms=judder | examples=The old engine was juddering
4. sense_key=shake%2:38:02:: | definition=move back and forth or sideways | synonyms=rock, sway | examples=the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed
5. sense_key=shake%2:30:00:: | definition=undermine or cause to waver | examples=my faith has been shaken; The bad news shook her hopes
6. sense_key=shake%2:37:00:: | definition=stir the feelings, emotions, or peace of | synonyms=stimulate, shake up, excite, stir | examples=These stories shook the community; the civil war shook the country
7. sense_key=shake%2:38:04:: | definition=get rid of | synonyms=shake off, throw off, escape from | examples=I couldn't shake the car that was following me
8. sense_key=shake%2:30:01:: | definition=bring to a specified condition by or as if by shaking | examples=He was shaken from his dreams; shake the salt out of the salt shaker
9. sense_key=shake%2:32:00:: | definition=shake (a body part) to communicate a greeting, feeling, or cognitive state | examples=shake one's head; She shook her finger at the naughty students

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "shook" in the context: "This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger." The target lemma is "shake". The candidate senses are listed with indices 1 through 9.

We need to choose the best indexed sense. The context describes a building that shook during an explosion (gas tank exploding) and the shaking kept getting stronger. This implies a physical movement, likely a back-and-forth or vibrating motion. The building itself is not a person, so senses related to emotions, faith, or getting rid of something (like 5, 6, 7) are unlikely. Sense 8 is about bringing to a condition by shaking, not applicable. Sense 9 is about shaking a body part to communicate, not relevant.

We focus on senses 1-4, which all involve physical shaking.
- Sense 1: move or cause to move back and forth. Synonyms: agitate. Examples: chemist shook flask, hands shaking.
- Sense 2: move with or as if with a tremor. Synonyms: didder. Examples: his hands shook.
- Sense 3: shake or vibrate rapidly and intensively. Synonyms: judder. Example: The old engine was juddering.
- Sense 4: move back and forth or sideways. Synonyms: rock, sway. Examples: the ship was rocking; the tall building swayed.

Sense 4 specifically mentions "the tall building swayed" as an example, which is very similar to "building shook". The building is shaking like hell, likely a swaying or rocking motion due to an explosion. Sense 1 is more general "move back and forth", which could also fit. Sense 2 is more about tremor, often hands or small movements. Sense 3 is rapid vibration (judder), which could be from an engine, but a building shaking from an explosion might be a slower swaying. However, "like hell" suggests strong shaking. The example for sense 4 explicitly includes a building swaying. Therefore, sense 4 seems the most specific and appropriate.

WordNet glosses:
- sense_key=shake%2:38:02:: with synonyms rock, sway, and example "the tall building swayed" is a perfect match.

Thus, choose index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: like_hell
Target surface form: like hell
Context:
Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook <t>like hell</t> and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=like_hell%4:02:00:: | definition=with great speed or effort or intensity | synonyms=like mad, like crazy, like sin, like thunder, like the devil | examples=drove like crazy; worked like hell to get the job done
2. sense_key=like_hell%4:02:01:: | definition=used ironically to indicate the opposite of what is stated | examples=says he'll help me? Like hell he will!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform Word Sense Disambiguation for the target word "like hell" in the given context. The target lemma is "like_hell", surface form "like hell". The context: "Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook <t>like hell</t> and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful."

The sentence: "This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger." Here, "like hell" modifies "shook", indicating the intensity or force of the shaking. It describes the building shaking violently or strongly, not ironically. The two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=like_hell%4:02:00:: | definition=with great speed or effort or intensity | synonyms=like mad, like crazy, like sin, like thunder, like the devil | examples=drove like crazy; worked like hell to get the job done

2. sense_key=like_hell%4:02:01:: | definition=used ironically to indicate the opposite of what is stated | examples=says he'll help me? Like hell he will!

The context clearly uses "like hell" to express intensity (the building shook violently), not an ironic reversal. So sense 1 is the correct one. The instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we need to output the index of the sense chosen. Sense 1 has index 1? Wait, the candidate senses are listed with numbers: 1. and 2. So the first sense is index 1, second is index 2. We choose sense 1. So the JSON should be {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: NextBit


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: keep
Target surface form: kept
Context:
Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it <t>kept</t> getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=keep%2:42:00:: | definition=keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., | synonyms=maintain, hold | examples=keep clean; hold in place
2. sense_key=keep%2:42:07:: | definition=continue a certain state, condition, or activity | synonyms=continue, go on, proceed, go along | examples=Keep on working!; We continued to work into the night
3. sense_key=keep%2:40:00:: | definition=retain possession of | synonyms=hold on | examples=Can I keep my old stuffed animals?; She kept her maiden name after she married
4. sense_key=keep%2:41:01:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=prevent | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep
5. sense_key=keep%2:41:03:: | definition=conform one's action or practice to | synonyms=observe | examples=keep appointments; she never keeps her promises
6. sense_key=keep%2:31:00:: | definition=stick to correctly or closely | synonyms=observe, maintain | examples=The pianist kept time with the metronome; keep count
7. sense_key=keep%2:40:01:: | definition=look after; be the keeper of; have charge of | examples=He keeps the shop when I am gone
8. sense_key=keep%2:32:00:: | definition=maintain by writing regular records | synonyms=maintain | examples=keep a diary; maintain a record
9. sense_key=keep%2:42:01:: | definition=supply with room and board | examples=He is keeping three women in the guest cottage; keep boarders
10. sense_key=keep%2:41:02:: | definition=allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature | synonyms=retain, continue, keep on | examples=We cannot continue several servants any longer; She retains a lawyer
11. sense_key=keep%2:34:00:: | definition=supply with necessities and support | synonyms=sustain, maintain | examples=She alone sustained her family; The money will sustain our good cause
12. sense_key=keep%2:42:03:: | definition=fail to spoil or rot | synonyms=stay fresh | examples=These potatoes keep for a long time
13. sense_key=keep%2:41:05:: | definition=behave as expected during of holidays or rites | synonyms=observe, celebrate | examples=Keep the commandments; celebrate Christmas
14. sense_key=keep%2:41:00:: | definition=keep under control; keep in check | synonyms=restrain, keep back, hold back | examples=suppress a smile; Keep your temper
15. sense_key=keep%2:42:02:: | definition=maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger | synonyms=preserve | examples=May God keep you
16. sense_key=keep%2:42:12:: | definition=raise | examples=She keeps a few chickens in the yard; he keeps bees
17. sense_key=keep%2:40:09:: | definition=retain rights to | synonyms=keep open, hold open, save | examples=keep my job for me while I give birth; keep my seat, please
18. sense_key=keep%2:40:13:: | definition=store or keep customarily | examples=Where do you keep your gardening tools?
19. sense_key=keep%2:40:12:: | definition=have as a supply | examples=I always keep batteries in the freezer; keep food for a week in the pantry
20. sense_key=keep%2:40:10:: | definition=maintain for use and service | synonyms=maintain | examples=I keep a car in the countryside; She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips
21. sense_key=keep%2:35:10:: | definition=hold and prevent from leaving | examples=The student was kept after school
22. sense_key=keep%2:30:10:: | definition=prevent (food) from rotting | synonyms=preserve | examples=preserved meats; keep potatoes fresh

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it <t>kept</t> getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful."

Target: "kept" as part of "it kept getting stronger". This is a construction "kept + verb-ing" indicating continuation. So sense 2: continue a certain state, condition, or activity. Synonyms: continue, go on, proceed, go along. Examples: "Keep on working!", "We continued to work into the night". This fits perfectly: "it kept getting stronger" means it continued getting stronger. So sense_index: 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: getting
Context:
Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept <t>getting</t> stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "get" with surface form "getting" in the given context. The context is: "Only a few books fell in the reading room. Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept <t>getting</t> stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful."

The target phrase is "it kept getting stronger." We need to match this use of "getting" to one of the 36 senses listed.

Let's look at the context: "This building shook like hell and it kept <t>getting</t> stronger." "It" likely refers to the shaking or the earthquake. The phrase "kept getting stronger" means the shaking became more intense over time. "Getting" here is a linking verb meaning "becoming." It is used to indicate a change of state: the shaking increased in strength.

Now, scan the candidate senses for the one that matches "become" or "enter/assume a certain state or condition." That is sense 2: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" with synonyms "become, go" and examples "He became annoyed... It must be getting more serious." The example "It must be getting more serious" is very similar to our "it kept getting stronger," where "getting" means "becoming."

Check other senses to be sure. Sense 12: "come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)" with synonyms "grow, develop, produce, acquire" and examples "He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains." This could be a candidate because "getting stronger" could be seen as developing a physical attribute. But "stronger" is an adjective, not a physical feature like a beard. Sense 2 is more direct for a predicative adjective. Sense 2 includes examples like "getting more serious," which parallels "getting stronger." So sense 2 is the best fit.

Thus, the answer should be sense_index: 2.

We output JSON: {"sense_index":


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: explode
Target surface form: exploding
Context:
Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service <t>exploding</t> and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=explode%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to burst with a violent release of energy | synonyms=detonate, blow up, set off | examples=We exploded the nuclear bomb
2. sense_key=explode%2:30:00:: | definition=burst outward, usually with noise | synonyms=burst | examples=The champagne bottle exploded
3. sense_key=explode%2:31:00:: | definition=show a violent emotional reaction | examples=The boss exploded when he heard of the resignation of the secretary
4. sense_key=explode%2:30:03:: | definition=be unleashed; emerge with violence or noise | synonyms=burst forth, break loose | examples=His anger exploded
5. sense_key=explode%2:35:00:: | definition=destroy by exploding | examples=The enemy exploded the bridge
6. sense_key=explode%2:32:02:: | definition=cause to burst as a result of air pressure; of stop consonants like /p/, /t/, and /k/
7. sense_key=explode%2:32:00:: | definition=drive from the stage by noisy disapproval
8. sense_key=explode%2:31:01:: | definition=show (a theory or claim) to be baseless, or refute and make obsolete
9. sense_key=explode%2:30:04:: | definition=burst and release energy as through a violent chemical or physical reaction | synonyms=detonate, blow up | examples=the bomb detonated at noon; The Molotov cocktail exploded
10. sense_key=explode%2:30:02:: | definition=increase rapidly and in an uncontrolled manner | synonyms=irrupt | examples=The population of India is exploding; The island's rodent population irrupted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service <t>exploding</t> and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off."

The target word is "exploding" (surface form) from lemma "explode". The context mentions a gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning. So it's a physical explosion of a gas tank, likely causing fire and shaking. This matches sense 9: "burst and release energy as through a violent chemical or physical reaction" with examples like "the bomb detonated at noon; The Molotov cocktail exploded". Synonyms: detonate, blow up. That seems like the most appropriate sense. Sense 2: "burst outward, usually with noise" is also possible, but it's more general, like a champagne bottle. Sense 9 specifically mentions chemical or physical reaction, which suits a gas tank. Also, the context says "exploding and burning", implying a violent release of energy. Sense 1: "cause to burst" is transitive, but here it's intransitive ("gas tank exploding"). So sense 9 is intransitive (burst and release energy). Sense 4: "be unleashed; emerge with violence or noise" could also maybe fit, but the examples are about anger or emotions; it might also be used for physical things like "His anger exploded", but typically for non-physical. Given the literal gas tank, sense 9 is best. Thus, I'll pick sense 9.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 9}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: burn
Target surface form: burning
Context:
Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and <t>burning</t> in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=burn%2:30:02:: | definition=destroy by fire | synonyms=fire, burn down | examples=They burned the house and his diaries
2. sense_key=burn%2:43:01:: | definition=shine intensely, as if with heat | synonyms=glow | examples=The coals were glowing in the dark; The candles were burning
3. sense_key=burn%2:30:00:: | definition=undergo combustion | synonyms=combust | examples=Maple wood burns well
4. sense_key=burn%2:39:00:: | definition=cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort | synonyms=bite, sting | examples=The sun burned his face
5. sense_key=burn%2:43:02:: | definition=cause to burn or combust | synonyms=combust | examples=The sun burned off the fog; We combust coal and other fossil fuels
6. sense_key=burn%2:37:00:: | definition=feel strong emotion, especially anger or passion | examples=She was burning with anger; He was burning to try out his new skies
7. sense_key=burn%2:30:01:: | definition=cause to undergo combustion | synonyms=incinerate | examples=burn garbage; The car burns only Diesel oil
8. sense_key=burn%2:41:00:: | definition=burn at the stake | examples=Witches were burned in Salem
9. sense_key=burn%2:40:01:: | definition=spend (significant amounts of money) | examples=He has money to burn
10. sense_key=burn%2:39:04:: | definition=feel hot or painful | examples=My eyes are burning
11. sense_key=burn%2:30:08:: | definition=burn, sear, or freeze (tissue) using a hot iron or electric current or a caustic agent | synonyms=cauterize, cauterise | examples=The surgeon cauterized the wart
12. sense_key=burn%2:29:00:: | definition=get a sunburn by overexposure to the sun | synonyms=sunburn
13. sense_key=burn%2:36:05:: | definition=create by duplicating data | synonyms=cut | examples=cut a disk; burn a CD
14. sense_key=burn%2:34:00:: | definition=use up (energy) | synonyms=burn off, burn up | examples=burn off calories through vigorous exercise
15. sense_key=burn%2:30:03:: | definition=burn with heat, fire, or radiation | examples=The iron burnt a hole in my dress

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "Target lemma: burn" and "Target surface form: burning". Context: "Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and <t>burning</t> in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful." The target word is "burning" in the phrase "exploding and burning". The sentence describes a gas tank exploding and burning. So "burning" here means being on fire, undergoing combustion. It's intransitive: the gas tank is burning (i.e., it is on fire). We need to choose the best sense from the candidate list.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. burn%2:30:02:: destroy by fire (transitive: "They burned the house")
2. burn%2:43:01:: shine intensely, as if with heat (glow) – "The candles were burning" – could be a light, but here it's a gas tank, so it's on fire, not just glowing.
3. burn%2:30:00:: undergo combustion (combust) – "Maple wood burns well" – intransitive, means to be on fire, undergo combustion. This seems perfect: the gas tank is burning (i.e., combusting).
4. burn%2:39:00:: cause a sharp or stinging pain or discomfort (bite, sting) – "The sun burned his face" – not relevant.
5. burn%2:43:02:: cause to burn or combust (combust, transitive) – "The sun burned off the fog" – transitive, not matching intransitive use.
6. burn%2:37:00:: feel strong emotion – "She was burning with anger" – not relevant.
7. burn%2:30:01:: cause to undergo combustion (incinerate) – transitive: "burn garbage" – not intransitive.
8. burn%2:41:00:: burn at the stake – not relevant.
9. burn%2:40:01:: spend money – not relevant.
10. burn%2:39:04:: feel hot or painful – "My eyes are burning" – could be a sensation, but not about a gas tank.
11. burn%2:30:08:: cauterize – not relevant.
12. burn%2:29:00:: get a sunburn – not relevant.
13. burn%2:36:05:: create by duplicating data (burn a CD) – not relevant.
14. burn%2:34:00:: use up energy (burn off calories) – not relevant.
15. burn%2:30:03:: burn with heat, fire, or radiation, transitive: "The iron burnt a hole in my dress" – not intransitive.

The context: "the gas tank ... exploding and burning". The gas tank is burning. It is undergoing combustion. So sense 3, "undergo combustion", is the best fit. Sense 2 is "shine intensely, as if with heat", but the gas tank is on fire, not just glowing. The phrase "exploding and burning" clearly indicates it's on fire. Thus, sense 3 is correct.

We need to return JSON: {"sense_index": 3}

provider: AtlasCloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: thing
Target surface form: things
Context:
Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, <t>things</t> here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=thing%1:26:00:: | definition=a special situation | examples=this thing has got to end; it is a remarkable thing
2. sense_key=thing%1:04:00:: | definition=an action | examples=how could you do such a thing?
3. sense_key=thing%1:09:00:: | definition=a special abstraction | examples=a thing of the spirit; things of the heart
4. sense_key=thing%1:06:00:: | definition=an artifact | examples=how does this thing work?
5. sense_key=thing%1:11:00:: | definition=an event | examples=a funny thing happened on the way to the...
6. sense_key=thing%1:09:02:: | definition=a vaguely specified concern | synonyms=matter, affair | examples=several matters to attend to; it is none of your affair
7. sense_key=thing%1:10:00:: | definition=a statement regarded as an object | examples=to say the same thing in other terms; how can you say such a thing?
8. sense_key=thing%1:06:01:: | definition=an entity that is not named specifically | examples=I couldn't tell what the thing was
9. sense_key=thing%1:07:00:: | definition=any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence | examples=the thing I like about her is ...
10. sense_key=thing%1:09:01:: | definition=a special objective | examples=the thing is to stay in bounds
11. sense_key=thing%1:12:00:: | definition=a persistent illogical feeling of desire or aversion | examples=he has a thing about seafood; she has a thing about him
12. sense_key=thing%1:03:00:: | definition=a separate and self-contained entity

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the context: "Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, <t>things</t> here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off."

Target lemma: thing, surface form: things. The target is in the phrase: "Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful."

We need to choose the best sense from the 12 candidate senses.

Let's analyze the context: The speaker is saying that despite the explosion and fire (the gas tank exploding and burning), otherwise "things here are quite peaceful." "Things" here refers to the general situation or state of affairs. It's a broad reference to the circumstances. The speaker is contrasting the specific alarming event (the explosion) with the overall situation being peaceful.

Look at the definitions:
1. a special situation: examples: "this thing has got to end; it is a remarkable thing" — This seems plausible, as "things" could mean the situation.
2. an action: examples "how could you do such a thing?" — Not fitting here; it's not an action.
3. a special abstraction: "a thing of the spirit; things of the heart" — Not fitting; not about abstractions.
4. an artifact: "how does this thing work?" — Not fitting; not a physical object.
5. an event: "a funny thing happened on the way to the..." — Could be, but "things are quite peaceful" is about overall state, not a single event.
6. a vaguely specified concern: synonyms matter, affair; examples "several matters to attend to; it is none of your affair" — This is often used for "things" in a general sense, like "things to do", but here "things are peaceful" is more about the general situation.
7. a statement regarded as an object: "to say the same thing in other terms" — Not fitting.
8. an entity that is not named specifically: "I couldn't tell what the thing was" — This is usually singular, referring to an unidentified object. Not for a plural "things" meaning the overall state.
9. any attribute or quality considered as having its own existence: "the thing I like about her is ..." — Not fitting.
10. a special objective: "the thing is to stay in bounds" — Not fitting.
11. a persistent illogical feeling: "he has a thing about seafood" — Not fitting.
12. a separate and self-contained entity — This is a very general sense, but "things" here doesn't refer to discrete entities.

The best fit is sense 1: "a special situation". The example "this thing has got to end" uses "thing" to refer to a situation. In "things here are quite peaceful", "things" refers to the general situation or set of circumstances. It's like saying "the situation here is quite peaceful." That matches sense 1 well.

Sense 6: "a vaguely specified concern" (matter, affair) is often used in phrases like "How are things?" but that is more about personal affairs or matters. In this context, it's more about the overall state of the environment after a fire and explosion, so sense 1 (situation) is more accurate.

We'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: peaceful
Target surface form: peaceful
Context:
Then the auto paint shop fire sent an evil-looking cloud of black smoke into the air. 12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite <t>peaceful</t>. A lot of car alarms went off.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=peaceful%3:00:00:: | definition=not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war | synonyms=peaceable | examples=a peaceful nation; peaceful times
2. sense_key=peaceful%5:00:00:nonviolent:00 | definition=peacefully resistant in response to injustice | synonyms=passive | examples=passive resistance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "peaceful" and two candidate senses. Context: "Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off." The candidate senses: sense 1: not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war (examples: a peaceful nation; peaceful times). sense 2: peacefully resistant in response to injustice (synonym: passive; example: passive resistance).

In the context, the speaker says "except for the gas tank exploding... things here are quite peaceful." The explosion is not a strife or turmoil of war type, but a local incident. The word "peaceful" contrasts with the explosion and car alarms, meaning calm, not disturbed. Sense 1 fits: not disturbed by strife or turmoil. Sense 2 is about passive resistance, which is unrelated. So sense 1 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lot
Target surface form: lot
Context:
12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A <t>lot</t> of car alarms went off. The cats are fine, although nervous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: | definition=a parcel of land having fixed boundaries | examples=he bought a lot on the lake
3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, circle, band | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, fate, luck, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate
5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: | definition=anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random | synonyms=draw | examples=the luck of the draw; they drew lots for it
6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: | definition=any collection in its entirety | synonyms=bunch, caboodle | examples=she bought the whole caboodle
7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: | definition=(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "lot" in the context: "A <t>lot</t> of car alarms went off." The target surface form is "lot". The candidate senses are provided. We need to pick the single best indexed sense.

Looking at the context: "A lot of car alarms went off." This is a common phrase meaning a large number or amount of car alarms. So it's sense 1: "lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent". The examples include "a batch of letters; a deal of trouble", and synonyms like batch, deal, flock, etc. This directly matches the usage.

No other sense fits: sense 2 is a parcel of land; sense 3 is an association of people; sense 4 is one's fortune or destiny; sense 5 is random choice; sense 6 is any collection in its entirety (like "the whole lot"), but here it's "a lot of car alarms" implying a large number, not the entirety; sense 7 is the biblical figure Lot. So sense 1 is clearly correct.

Thus, the answer is sense index 1.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: car
Target surface form: car
Context:
12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of <t>car</t> alarms went off. The cats are fine, although nervous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=car%1:06:00:: | definition=a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine | synonyms=auto, automobile, machine, motorcar | examples=he needs a car to get to work
2. sense_key=car%1:06:01:: | definition=a wheeled vehicle adapted to the rails of railroad | synonyms=railcar, railway car, railroad car | examples=three cars had jumped the rails
3. sense_key=car%1:06:03:: | definition=the compartment that is suspended from an airship and that carries personnel and the cargo and the power plant | synonyms=gondola
4. sense_key=car%1:06:02:: | definition=where passengers ride up and down | synonyms=elevator car | examples=the car was on the top floor
5. sense_key=car%1:06:04:: | definition=a conveyance for passengers or freight on a cable railway | synonyms=cable car | examples=they took a cable car to the top of the mountain

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the lemma "car" in the given context. The context is a message about an event, mentioning "car alarms went off". The target is "car" in "car alarms". We need to choose the best sense among five provided.

Candidate senses:
1. automobile (motor vehicle with four wheels)
2. railroad car
3. gondola of an airship
4. elevator car
5. cable car

The context: "A lot of car alarms went off." This is a common phrase referring to alarms on automobiles. In a downtown area, it's typical that cars (automobiles) have alarms that might go off due to shaking or explosions. The other senses are less likely: railroad cars don't typically have alarms that go off in a city; airship gondolas are rare; elevator cars don't have alarms in the same sense; cable cars might have alarms but the phrase "car alarms" almost always refers to automobile security alarms.

Thus, sense 1 is the clear choice. Return JSON with sense_index:


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: alarm
Target surface form: alarms
Context:
12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car <t>alarms</t> went off. The cats are fine, although nervous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=alarm%1:12:00:: | definition=fear resulting from the awareness of danger | synonyms=dismay, consternation
2. sense_key=alarm%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event | synonyms=warning device, alarm system
3. sense_key=alarm%1:10:00:: | definition=an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger | synonyms=alert, warning signal, alarum
4. sense_key=alarm%1:06:01:: | definition=a clock that wakes a sleeper at some preset time | synonyms=alarm clock

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Target lemma: alarm" "Target surface form: alarms" "Context: ... A lot of car <t>alarms</t> went off. ..."

The candidate senses:
1. fear resulting from the awareness of danger
2. a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event
3. an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger
4. a clock that wakes a sleeper at some preset time

In the context: "car alarms went off" – a car alarm is a device on a car that makes a sound when triggered. So sense 2 (a device) or 3 (the signal/sound)? The phrase "car alarms went off" suggests the alarms were activated, so the devices emitted their warning sounds. But it's referring to the alarms themselves going off. Typically, "car alarm" refers to the device. But check the definitions: sense 2 is "a device that signals the occurrence of some undesirable event" with synonyms "warning device, alarm system". Sense 3 is "an automatic signal (usually a sound) warning of danger" with synonyms "alert, warning signal, alarum". In "car alarms went off," it's the device that goes off, meaning it emits a signal. However, the noun phrase "car alarms" here most likely refers to the devices themselves. Common usage: "my car alarm went off" – the device is making noise. The WordNet example for sense 2 might include "car alarm" as a hyponym. For sense 3, the signal is abstract. But in the context, "A lot of car alarms went off" means many car alarm devices were triggered. So I'd lean toward sense 2. But let's check: sense 2 is a device, sense 3 is the signal. When we say "the alarm went off," we mean the device produced its signal. The noun phrase "car alarms" in "car alarms went off" is the subject, and it is the thing that goes off. Usually, we say "the alarm went off" meaning the alarm device sounded. So it's the device. So sense 2 is the best fit.

Thus, choose sense_index 2.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: go_off
Target surface form: went off
Context:
12:07 a.m. ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms <t>went off</t>. The cats are fine, although nervous.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=go_off%2:38:00:: | definition=run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along | synonyms=abscond, bolt, absquatulate, decamp, run off, make off | examples=The thief made off with our silver; the accountant absconded with the cash from the safe
2. sense_key=go_off%2:30:00:: | definition=be discharged or activated | examples=the explosive devices went off
3. sense_key=go_off%2:33:00:: | definition=go off or discharge | synonyms=fire, discharge | examples=The gun fired
4. sense_key=go_off%2:35:00:: | definition=stop running, functioning, or operating | examples=Our power went off during the hurricane
5. sense_key=go_off%2:30:01:: | definition=happen in a particular manner | synonyms=come off, go over | examples=how did your talk go over?
6. sense_key=go_off%2:30:02:: | definition=burst inward | synonyms=implode | examples=The bottle imploded

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: target lemma "go_off", target surface form "went off". Context: "A lot of car alarms <t>went off</t>." The sense we need is the one where car alarms are activated or sound.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. run away (abscond) – not for alarms.
2. be discharged or activated; examples: "the explosive devices went off" – this fits car alarms going off (being activated).
3. go off or discharge (like a gun firing) – similar but more specific to firing a gun.
4. stop running, functioning – opposite: going off means stopping, but car alarms went off means they started sounding, so not this.
5. happen in a particular manner – not applicable.
6. burst inward – not applicable.

Sense 2: definition=be discharged or activated | examples=the explosive devices went off. Car alarms are activated, so this matches. Sense 3 is "go off or discharge" with examples "The gun fired." That's more about a weapon firing, but could be metaphorical. However, sense 2 explicitly says "be discharged or activated", which fits alarms better. Sense 2 is indexed as 2. Sense 3 is indexed as 3. The best is sense 2.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cat
Target surface form: cats
Context:
ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off. The <t>cats</t> are fine, although nervous. 12:15 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cat%1:05:00:: | definition=feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats | synonyms=true cat
2. sense_key=cat%1:18:01:: | definition=an informal term for a youth or man | synonyms=guy, hombre, bozo | examples=a nice guy; the guy's only doing it for some doll
3. sense_key=cat%1:18:00:: | definition=a spiteful woman gossip | examples=what a cat she is!
4. sense_key=cat%1:06:02:: | definition=the leaves of the shrub Catha edulis which are chewed like tobacco or used to make tea; has the effect of a euphoric stimulant | synonyms=kat, khat, qat, quat, Arabian tea, African tea | examples=in Yemen kat is used daily by 85% of adults
5. sense_key=cat%1:06:00:: | definition=a whip with nine knotted cords | synonyms=cat-o'-nine-tails | examples=British sailors feared the cat
6. sense_key=cat%1:06:01:: | definition=a large tracked vehicle that is propelled by two endless metal belts; frequently used for moving earth in construction and farm work | synonyms=Caterpillar
7. sense_key=cat%1:05:02:: | definition=any of several large cats typically able to roar and living in the wild | synonyms=big cat
8. sense_key=cat%1:04:00:: | definition=a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis | synonyms=computerized tomography, computed tomography, CT, computerized axial tomography, computed axial tomography

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best indexed sense for "cats" in the given context. The context is a narrative about an earthquake or similar event. The relevant sentence: "The cats are fine, although nervous." This clearly refers to animals, specifically domestic felines. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=cat%1:05:00:: definition=feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats; wildcats | synonyms=true cat
This matches domestic cats, which are common pets. The context says "cats" are fine, likely referring to pets.

Other senses are for different meanings: a guy (2), a spiteful woman (3), a plant (4), a whip (5), a vehicle (6), big cats (7), and a medical procedure (8). None of these fit the context. Sense 7 (big cat) might be possible if the context were about lions, but it says "cats are fine" in a home setting, so domestic cats is the clear meaning.

Thus, sense index 1 is correct.

Output format: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fine
Target surface form: fine
Context:
ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off. The cats are <t>fine</t>, although nervous. 12:15 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:satisfactory:00 | definition=being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition | synonyms=all right, o.k., okay, hunky-dory | examples=an all-right movie; the passengers were shaken up but are all right
2. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:precise:00 | definition=minutely precise especially in differences in meaning | examples=a fine distinction
3. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:thin:01 | definition=thin in thickness or diameter | examples=a fine film of oil; fine hairs
4. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:elegant:00 | definition=characterized by elegance or refinement or accomplishment | examples=fine wine; looking fine in her Easter suit
5. sense_key=fine%3:00:00:: | definition=of textures that are smooth to the touch or substances consisting of relatively small particles | examples=wood with a fine grain; fine powdery snow
6. sense_key=fine%5:00:00:pure:02 | definition=free from impurities; having a high or specified degree of purity | examples=gold 21 carats fine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are asked: "Target lemma: fine. Target surface form: fine. Context: ... The cats are <t>fine</t>, although nervous. ..." So we need to pick the best sense from the 6 candidate senses. Sense 1: "being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition" with synonyms "all right, o.k., okay, hunky-dory" and example "the passengers were shaken up but are all right". That fits perfectly: the cats are fine although nervous, meaning they are okay, not harmed. Sense 2: "minutely precise" doesn't fit. Sense 3: "thin in thickness or diameter" doesn't fit. Sense 4: "characterized by elegance or refinement" doesn't fit. Sense 5: "of textures that are smooth to the touch..." doesn't fit. Sense 6: "free from impurities" doesn't fit. So sense 1 is correct. Return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nervous
Target surface form: nervous
Context:
ONEZIE: My younger daughter and I are fine. This building shook like hell and it kept getting stronger. Except for the gas tank at Hustead's Towing Service exploding and burning in downtown Berkeley, things here are quite peaceful. A lot of car alarms went off. The cats are fine, although <t>nervous</t>. 12:15 a.m.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:tense:03 | definition=easily agitated | examples=a nervous addict; a nervous thoroughbred
2. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:troubled:00 | definition=causing or fraught with or showing anxiety | synonyms=anxious, queasy, uneasy, unquiet | examples=spent an anxious night waiting for the test results; cast anxious glances behind her
3. sense_key=nervous%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the nervous system | synonyms=neural | examples=nervous disease; neural disorder
4. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:excited:00 | definition=excited in anticipation | synonyms=aflutter
5. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:excitable:00 | definition=unpredictably excitable (especially of horses) | synonyms=skittish, flighty, spooky

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "nervous" in the given context. The context: "The cats are fine, although nervous." The sentence describes cats after an earthquake-like event (building shook, car alarms, explosion). Cats are fine but nervous. So they are showing anxiety or agitation.

Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:tense:03 | definition=easily agitated | examples=a nervous addict; a nervous thoroughbred. This sense emphasizes being easily agitated, which fits an animal's temperament.

2. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:troubled:00 | definition=causing or fraught with or showing anxiety | synonyms=anxious, queasy, uneasy, unquiet | examples=spent an anxious night waiting for the test results; cast anxious glances behind her. This sense focuses on anxiety, often with a cognitive component of worry. Cats might be anxious, but "nervous" for animals often means skittish, jittery.

3. sense_key=nervous%3:01:00:: | definition=of or relating to the nervous system | synonyms=neural | examples=nervous disease; neural disorder. Not applicable.

4. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:excited:00 | definition=excited in anticipation | synonyms=aflutter. That would be positive anticipation, not the case here.

5. sense_key=nervous%5:00:00:excitable:00 | definition=unpredictably excitable (especially of horses) | synonyms=skittish, flighty, spooky. This is specifically for horses, but "skittish" is a good description for cats after a scare. Note: "especially of horses" does not limit it to horses only. It says "unpredictably excitable" with synonyms skittish, flighty, spooky. This fits cats after an earthquake: they are spooked, skittish.

We need to choose between sense 1 (easily agitated) and sense 2 (showing anxiety) and sense 5 (skittish). Sense 1: "easily agitated" suggests a trait. The cats are described as fine but nervous now, so it's a temporary state, not a permanent trait. However, "nervous" can be used for temporary state too. Sense 2: "showing anxiety" – anxiety in animals can be seen as restlessness, but "anxious" might imply worry about something future. The cats are reacting to the earthquake that just happened. Sense 5: "unpredictably excitable (especially of horses)" – the synonyms "skittish, flighty, spooky" perfectly match a cat's behavior after a traumatic event. Cats are known to be spooked after loud noises. So sense 5 seems most appropriate.

Let's check: sense 5 is indexed as 5. The context: "The cats are fine, although nervous." They are fine (not injured) but nervous (skittish). So sense 5: skittish, flighty, spooky. That seems the best fit.

Sense 1: easily agitated – that's more about a personality trait. It could work, but sense 5 is more specific to the temporary state of being spooked.

Sense 2: anxious – could work, but "nervous" for animals in such contexts usually means they are jumpy, not necessarily worrying.

Given the examples: "spooky" is a synonym for sense 5. The cats might be spooked.

Thus, I'll go with sense 5.

But we must output JSON: {"sense_index": 5}.

provider: Fireworks