[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: options
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "option" with surface form "options" in the given context. We have three candidate senses. We need to choose the best indexed sense (1, 2, or 3) and return a JSON object with the sense index.

Let's read the context carefully. The target sentence: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate." The phrase "range of options" means a set of possible choices or alternatives. The document outlines various possibilities, not a single path. The sense here is about alternatives from which one can be chosen.

Now, evaluate the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition: the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited. This is financial options, like stock options. Not relevant here.

2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition: one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms: alternative, choice | examples: what option did I have?; there no other alternative. This matches "range of options": multiple alternatives for key questions.

3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition: the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms: choice, selection, pick | examples: your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick. This sense is about the act of choosing, not the thing chosen. In the context, "options" refers to the things themselves (alternatives), not the act.

Thus, sense 2 is correct.

Answer: {"sense_index": 2}


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: question
Target surface form: questions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=question%1:10:00:: | definition=an instance of questioning | synonyms=inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation | examples=there was a question about my training; we made inquiries of all those who were present
2. sense_key=question%1:10:01:: | definition=the subject matter at issue | synonyms=head | examples=the question of disease merits serious discussion; under the head of minor Roman poets
3. sense_key=question%1:10:03:: | definition=a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply | synonyms=interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence | examples=he asked a direct question; he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
4. sense_key=question%1:07:00:: | definition=uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something | synonyms=doubt, dubiousness, doubtfulness | examples=the dubiousness of his claim; there is no question about the validity of the enterprise
5. sense_key=question%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote | synonyms=motion | examples=he made a motion to adjourn; she called for the question
6. sense_key=question%1:10:04:: | definition=an informal reference to a marriage proposal | examples=he was ready to pop the question

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "question" and surface form "questions" in a context about a UN climate conference document outlining options for key issues. The context: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

Now, we need to pick the best sense from the candidates. Let's analyze each:

1. Sense 1: "an instance of questioning" - synonyms: inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation. Example: "there was a question about my training" - This implies an act of asking or a particular query. In our context, "questions" refers to topics or issues that need resolution, not acts of asking.

2. Sense 2: "the subject matter at issue" - synonyms: head. Example: "the question of disease merits serious discussion" - This fits well: the key "questions" are the matters at issue, i.e., the topics being negotiated: how economies cut carbon output, what's the temperature rise limit. This sense is about the subject under discussion or dispute.

3. Sense 3: "a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply" - This is a grammatical/linguistic sense, an interrogative sentence. The context is not about literal interrogative sentences but about issues.

4. Sense 4: "uncertainty about the truth or factuality" - synonyms: doubt, dubiousness. The context mentions "questions" as things that have options provided for them, not uncertainties. They are topics to be decided, not doubts about truth.

5. Sense 5: "a formal proposal for action" - synonyms: motion. This is about parliamentary procedure. Not the meaning here.

6. Sense 6: "an informal reference to a marriage proposal" - definitely not.

Therefore, sense 2, "the subject matter at issue," is the best fit. The context says "the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output..." These are topics or issues.

Thus, the answer is sense index 2.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Together

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: upper_limit
Target surface form: upper limit
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the <t>upper limit</t> of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Target lemma: upper_limit", but the target surface form is "upper limit". Context: "...what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate." We need to disambiguate between two senses:
1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

The context clearly refers to a maximum permissible temperature rise, i.e., the largest possible quantity (the maximum) that they would tolerate. So sense 1 fits perfectly. Sense 2 is about a spatial boundary (upper or northernmost side). So the answer is sense 1. Return {"sense_index":

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: temperature
Target surface form: temperature
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=temperature%1:07:00:: | definition=the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
2. sense_key=temperature%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation of cold or heat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target word "temperature" in the given context. The target surface form is "temperature". We have two candidate senses:

1. temperature%1:07:00:: : the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
2. temperature%1:09:00:: : the somatic sensation of cold or heat

The context is from a news article about climate change negotiations. The relevant sentence: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

Here, "global temperature rise" refers to the increase in the Earth's average temperature, i.e., global warming. This is clearly about the physical property of hotness or coldness, not a personal somatic sensation. So the correct sense is the first one: the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment.

Thus, the sense index is 1.

The instruction says: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we should return {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: StreamLake


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "Target lemma: rise, Target surface form: rise" and a context about a U.N. climate conference. The specific phrase: "what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate." Here, "rise" refers to an increase in temperature. So we need to select the sense that best matches an increase, specifically a growth or a movement upward, but in an abstract sense of temperature increase.

Let's review the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
   This could apply: temperature rise is a growth in number (temperature measurement). And the example isn't given, but it's plausible.

2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
   This is about physical upward movement, not about temperature increase.

3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road)
   Not relevant.

4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
   Again physical upward movement.

5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase
   Specific to salary.

6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises
   Not relevant.

7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground
   Not relevant.

8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
   Not relevant.

9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
   This is about cost, but similar to a numerical increase. Could be metaphorically extended, but it's specifically cost.

10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market
    Also price/value specific.

The target is "global temperature rise", an increase in temperature. Among these, sense 1 "a growth in strength or number or importance" fits best because temperature is a number that grows. Sense 9 is about cost, sense 10 about price/value, but temperature isn't a price or cost. Sense 4 is physical movement, sense 2 is also physical. So sense 1 is the most general increase sense.

However, note that WordNet sense index: 1 is a particular synset. Let's map the given senses to indices: the list is numbered 1 to 10. So sense 1 corresponds to index 1. But the instruction says: "Do not answer with a WordNet sense key. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we need to output {"sense_index": 1} if sense 1 is best.

Double-check: Could there be a more specific sense? In WordNet, there is also a sense "a movement upward" but that's often literal. Temperature rise is a figurative extension of increase. Sense 1 explicitly mentions "growth in strength or number or importance". Temperature is a number (degrees), so it's a growth in number. So sense 1 is appropriate.

Thus, I'll choose sense_index 1.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lot
Target surface form: lot
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a <t>lot</t> of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: | definition=a parcel of land having fixed boundaries | examples=he bought a lot on the lake
3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, circle, band | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, fate, luck, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate
5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: | definition=anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random | synonyms=draw | examples=the luck of the draw; they drew lots for it
6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: | definition=any collection in its entirety | synonyms=bunch, caboodle | examples=she bought the whole caboodle
7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: | definition=(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate the word "lot" in the context: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..." The surface form is "lot", and in this context, "a lot of" indicates a large amount or quantity. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. lot%1:23:00:: (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent. Examples: a batch of letters; a deal of trouble. Synonyms: batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful.

That matches perfectly: "a lot of flexibility" means a large amount of flexibility.

2. parcel of land - no.
3. unofficial association - no.
4. circumstances/fortune - no.
5. random choice - no.
6. any collection in its entirety - possibly but not as good as sense 1, and the example "she bought the whole caboodle" suggests "the whole lot", not "a lot of". This sense is for "lot" as a noun meaning a collection, but "a lot of" is used as a quantifier.
7. Lot from Old Testament - no.

Thus, sense 1 is best.

The instruction: "Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}." So we return {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: flexibility
Target surface form: flexibility
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of <t>flexibility</t> to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped | synonyms=flexibleness
2. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being adaptable or variable | synonyms=flexibleness | examples=he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement
3. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:03:: | definition=the trait of being easily persuaded | synonyms=tractability, tractableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for "flexibility" in the context. The target lemma is "flexibility" and the surface form is "flexibility". We are given three candidate senses from WordNet, each with a sense_key, definition, synonyms, and examples.

Context: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..." So we need to figure out which sense of "flexibility" is meant here.

Sense 1: the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped (physical flexibility). Synonyms: flexibleness. No example given. This is the literal physical flexibility. Likely not the intended sense in this context about a political document providing flexibility.

Sense 2: the quality of being adaptable or variable. Synonyms: flexibleness. Example: "he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement". This is about adaptability or variability, the ability to change or be adapted. This seems very plausible in the context: the document gives a lot of flexibility to the process, meaning it allows adaptability, it's not rigid, it provides options.

Sense 3: the trait of being easily persuaded. Synonyms: tractability, tractableness. This is about being easily influenced or persuaded. Example not given. This might not fit because the document is not a person; it's giving flexibility to a process, meaning the process becomes flexible, not that someone is easily persuaded.

In the context, the document outlines a range of options and is silent on certain key issues, leaving things open. So it provides flexibility in the sense of adaptability, variability, not rigidity. Sense 2 fits best: the quality of being adaptable or variable. The phrase "flexibility to the process" suggests the process can adapt or vary. So sense 2.

Thus, answer: sense_index:


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

native_finish_reason: error

provider: Wafer


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 6. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the lemma "process" in the given context. The target surface form is "process" in the sentence: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..." Let's examine the context. The whole passage is about a U.N.-sponsored climate conference, a document outlining greenhouse-gas reductions, negotiations, etc. The phrase "the process" refers back to the negotiation or the conference process. The sentence: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt..." So "process" here refers to the ongoing negotiation or the procedure of the conference. Looking at the candidate senses:

1. process%1:04:00:: a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; synonyms: procedure. Examples: the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error. This fits well: the negotiation process is a course of action intended to achieve a result (a climate deal).

2. process%1:09:00:: (psychology) cognitive process. Not relevant.

3. process%1:10:00:: a writ issued by authority of law; summons. Not relevant.

4. process%1:09:01:: unconscious mental process. Not relevant.

5. process%1:08:00:: a natural prolongation or projection from an organism; outgrowth. Not relevant.

6. process%1:03:00:: a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states; physical process. Examples: events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls. This sense is more about natural or physical processes, not human-made procedures. The context is about a negotiation, a deliberate activity, not a natural phenomenon.

Thus, sense 1 is the best match. The phrase "gives a lot of flexibility to the process" means flexibility to the negotiation procedure. So the answer is {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: Fireworks


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: washington
Target surface form: Washington
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior <t>Washington</t> representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=washington%1:15:01:: | definition=the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791 | synonyms=Washington D.C., American capital, capital of the United States
2. sense_key=washington%1:15:00:: | definition=a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific | synonyms=Evergreen State, WA
3. sense_key=washington%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Capital
4. sense_key=washington%1:18:00:: | definition=1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799) | synonyms=George Washington, President Washington
5. sense_key=washington%1:18:01:: | definition=United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915) | synonyms=Booker T. Washington, Booker Taliaferro Washington

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked: "Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context." The target lemma is "washington", surface form "Washington". Context: "...said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club." The candidate senses are numbered 1 to 5. We need to pick the index number that best matches the usage.

In the context, "senior Washington representative" likely refers to a representative based in Washington D.C., representing the Sierra Club in the nation's capital, dealing with federal government matters. So sense 1: Washington D.C. (the capital) or sense 3: the federal government. Common usage: "Washington representative" typically means a lobbyist or advocate in Washington D.C., often engaging with the federal government. Both senses 1 and 3 could apply, but sense 1 is the physical city, sense 3 is the federal government. The phrase "Washington representative" often means someone who represents an organization in Washington D.C., dealing with lawmakers and agencies. It is metonymy: Washington stands for the government. Given the climate conference context, the representative is likely involved in policy advocacy. Which sense is more precise? WordNet sense 3: "the federal government of the United States" (synonyms: Capital). That seems more abstract. But is "Washington representative" a representative of Washington (the state)? No, the Sierra Club is a national environmental organization; their Washington representative is their advocate in the capital. So it's not the state (sense 2). Not a person (sense 4 or 5). So between sense 1 and 3, the phrase typically implies the government hub. Often, "Washington" in news contexts refers to the U.S. government. For example, "Washington's response" means the government's response. So here, "senior Washington representative" likely means the Sierra Club's senior representative dealing with the federal government in Washington. So sense 3 is the best fit: the federal government. However, note that the definition of sense 3 is "the federal government of the United States", with synonym "Capital". That matches the metonymic use. Sense 1 is the city itself, which could also be metonymic for the government, but sense 3 explicitly captures the government meaning. I think sense 3 is more appropriate. Let's double-check: The Sierra Club is a national organization; they would have a representative in Washington D.C. who lobbies the government. So "Washington representative" = representative to the federal government. So sense 3.

But wait, the context says "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club." That could just indicate location: their representative based in Washington D.C. In that case, sense 1 would be the city. However, in journalistic style, such phrasing almost always means the person represents the organization before the federal government, not just that they are located there. WordNet sense 3 is explicitly the federal government, so that's a perfect fit.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 3.

We must output JSON: {"sense_index": 3}.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representative
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "representative" in the given context. The target surface form is "representative". The context: "John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club." So the word "representative" refers to a person who represents an organization, in this case the Sierra Club, in an official capacity, likely advocating for policies. The candidate senses:

1. general person who represents others.
2. an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose; synonyms: spokesperson, interpreter, voice. Example: the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government.
3. a member of the United States House of Representatives (congressman/congresswoman).
4. an item of information that is typical of a class or group (example, illustration, instance).

Given the context, John Coequyt is a senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. That is a role where he advocates for the Sierra Club's policies. He is not a member of the US House of Representatives, so sense 3 is wrong. He is not an example or illustration, so sense 4 is wrong. Between sense 1 and sense 2, sense 2 is more specific: an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose. Sense 1 is very broad: a person who represents others. Sense 2 includes the idea of advocating policy, which fits a representative of an organization like the Sierra Club, who likely speaks on their behalf. The gloss for sense 2 says "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose", and the synonyms include "spokesperson". The context says "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club" — in Washington, such a person typically advocates for the organization's interests and policies. So sense 2 is the best fit. Sense 1 is too general; while true, sense 2 provides a more precise meaning. So we select sense 2.

Now output JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page <t>document</t>, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to choose the best sense for "document" in the context. The target is "the six-page document" that was drafted, boiling down a negotiation text. It refers to a physical or written text that is an official draft of a climate deal. Let's check the candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)" with synonyms "written document, papers". This fits well: it's a six-page written text, likely official.

2. Sense 2: "anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks". This is very broad, could be any representation, like a drawing or something. Not as specific. The context is clearly a written official text, so sense 1 is better.

3. Sense 3: "a written account of ownership or obligation". This is too specific, like a deed or a contract of ownership. Not this context.

4. Sense 4: "(computer science) a computer file that contains text..." This is about a digital file, but the context mentions "six-page document" and it's likely a printed or written document, not a computer file per se. It could be digital, but the sense is specifically about a computer file, and the synonym is "text file". The context doesn't imply a computer file explicitly; it's a U.N. working group text that was drafted. So sense 1 is more appropriate.

Thus, the best sense is 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: negotiation
Target surface form: negotiation
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=negotiation%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue
2. sense_key=negotiation%1:04:00:: | definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "negotiation" in a specific context. The candidate senses are:

1. sense_index 1: "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" (synonyms: dialogue, talks; examples: "the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue")
2. sense_index 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms"

The context: "it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time... Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official..."

Here, "negotiation" refers to the process of discussion aimed at reaching an agreement, specifically the climate change negotiations. The phrase "a negotiation that is running out of time" suggests an ongoing discussion process. The "negotiation text" is a document used in those discussions. Sense 1 is "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" which fits perfectly. Sense 2 is "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms" which also seems close, but the example for sense 1 explicitly uses "the buyout negotiation lasted several days," showing that "negotiation" as a countable noun meaning a specific discussion or series of talks. In context, "a negotiation" is singular and refers to a specific negotiation event (the Copenhagen climate talks). Sense 2 is more about the general activity or business, often uncountable. For instance, "negotiation is an art" would be sense 2. Here, "a negotiation" indicates a specific instance, so sense 1 is more appropriate.

Thus, I choose sense index 1.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: text
Target surface form: text
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=text%1:10:00:: | definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. sense_key=text%1:10:03:: | definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. sense_key=text%1:10:02:: | definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. sense_key=text%1:10:01:: | definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation on the word "text" in the given context. Let's read the context carefully. The target word appears in the sentence: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'" So "text" here refers to a negotiation document (a written document about climate negotiations). It is a written document containing words. Let's check the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=text%1:10:00:: | definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. sense_key=text%1:10:03:: | definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. sense_key=text%1:10:02:: | definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. sense_key=text%1:10:01:: | definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

The context clearly refers to a negotiation text, a document. Sense 1 is general: "the words of something written". Sense 2 is religious, not applicable. Sense 3 is a textbook, not applicable. Sense 4 is the main body as opposed to illustrations etc., but here it's a negotiation text, not specifically contrasting with other elements. However, sense 1 might be most direct: the words of something written. In the sentence, "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text", it means the content of that document. So sense 1 seems best.

Check: Sense 4 might be considered, but it says "the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)". There's no mention of illustrations or footnotes in this context; it's just the text as a whole document. Sense 1 is broader and more fitting. So I choose sense 1.

Thus, sense_index: 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top <t>climate</t> official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to do Word Sense Disambiguation for "climate" in the given context. The target lemma is "climate", surface form is "climate". Context: "...U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'" The two candidate senses are:

1. climate%1:26:00:: (the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time) synonyms: clime. Examples: the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter.
2. climate%1:26:01:: (the prevailing psychological state) synonyms: mood. Examples: the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election.

In the context, "climate official" refers to an official dealing with climate change, i.e., the meteorological sense. Yvo de Boer is the UN's top climate official, specifically Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The entire text is about negotiating greenhouse gas regulations. So clearly, the intended sense is the first one, related to weather patterns. The second sense is about a prevailing psychological state, which doesn't fit.

Thus, the best indexed sense is 1. Return JSON with sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: official
Target surface form: official
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate <t>official</t>, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=official%1:18:01:: | definition=a worker who holds or is invested with an office | synonyms=functionary
2. sense_key=official%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who administers the rules of a game or sport | examples=the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to disambiguate "official" in this context: "U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer". The target is "official", a noun. There are two WordNet senses provided.

Sense 1: "a worker who holds or is invested with an office" (synonym: functionary). This is someone who holds a position of authority or responsibility in an organization, typically in government, bureaucracy, or a formal institution. The example of "functionary" fits someone who is an office-holder.

Sense 2: "someone who administers the rules of a game or sport". Example: "the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling". This sense is about sports officials, referees, umpires, etc.

In this context, Yvo de Boer is described as the U.N.'s top climate official. He is not a sports official but a high-ranking person in the United Nations working on climate negotiations. He holds an office or position in the U.N. bureaucracy. So Sense 1 fits perfectly. Sense 2 is completely irrelevant.

Therefore, the sense_index should be 0 (or maybe 1 if the options are 1-indexed). The instruction says "Choose the single best indexed sense." The senses are listed with keys: official%1:18:01:: and official%1:18:00::. In the list, they are numbered 1 and 2 in the candidate senses. So I need to return a JSON object with the sense_index corresponding to the number of the sense in the list. Sense 1 is the correct one. So {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: picture
Target surface form: picture
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big <t>picture</t>." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=picture%1:06:00:: | definition=a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface | synonyms=image, icon, ikon | examples=they showed us the pictures of their wedding; a movie is a series of images projected so rapidly that the eye integrates them
2. sense_key=picture%1:06:01:: | definition=graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface | synonyms=painting | examples=a small painting by Picasso; he bought the painting as an investment
3. sense_key=picture%1:09:00:: | definition=a clear and telling mental image | synonyms=mental picture, impression | examples=he described his mental picture of his assailant; he had no clear picture of himself or his world
4. sense_key=picture%1:26:00:: | definition=a situation treated as an observable object | synonyms=scene | examples=the political picture is favorable; the religious scene in England has changed in the last century
5. sense_key=picture%1:10:00:: | definition=illustrations used to decorate or explain a text | synonyms=pictorial matter | examples=the dictionary had many pictures
6. sense_key=picture%1:10:02:: | definition=a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement | synonyms=movie, film, moving picture, moving-picture show, motion picture, motion-picture show | examples=they went to a movie every Saturday night; the film was shot on location
7. sense_key=picture%1:10:01:: | definition=the visible part of a television transmission | synonyms=video | examples=they could still receive the sound but the picture was gone
8. sense_key=picture%1:10:03:: | definition=a graphic or vivid verbal description | synonyms=word picture, word-painting, delineation, depiction, characterization, characterisation | examples=too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures; the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland
9. sense_key=picture%1:09:01:: | definition=a typical example of some state or quality | examples=the very picture of a modern general; she was the picture of despair
10. sense_key=picture%1:06:02:: | definition=a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material | synonyms=photograph, photo, exposure, pic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "picture" in the context "the big picture". The phrase "the big picture" is an idiomatic expression meaning the overall perspective or the broad view of a situation, not a literal picture. Looking at the candidate senses:

Senses:
1. Visual representation (image, icon) - literal picture
2. Painting - literal artwork
3. Mental image - a clear mental picture
4. Situation as an observable object - "the political picture", "scene" - could fit "big picture" as in overall situation
5. Illustrations in text - literal pictures
6. Movie - literal film
7. Television picture - literal video
8. Verbal description - a word picture, depiction
9. Typical example - "the picture of despair" - idiomatic but not "big picture"
10. Photograph - literal photo

The phrase "the big picture" is an idiom meaning the overall situation or comprehensive perspective. Sense 4 is "a situation treated as an observable object" with synonyms "scene" and example "the political picture is favorable". That fits the metaphorical use in "the big picture", where picture means the overall situation or scene. The context says: "Yvo de Boer described as 'the big picture.'" He was boiling down a negotiation text to focus on the big picture, meaning the overall situation or framework. So sense 4 is the best match.

Thus, the answer is sense index 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: outline
Target surface form: outlines
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the <t>outlines</t> for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=outline%1:15:00:: | definition=the line that appears to bound an object | synonyms=lineation
2. sense_key=outline%1:10:00:: | definition=a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory | synonyms=synopsis, abstract, precis
3. sense_key=outline%1:09:00:: | definition=a schematic or preliminary plan | synonyms=schema, scheme

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target lemma "outline" with surface form "outlines" in the given context. We need to choose the best indexed sense among the three candidates. The candidate senses are:
1. outline as line that bounds an object (lineation)
2. outline as a sketchy summary of main points (synopsis, abstract, precis)
3. outline as a schematic or preliminary plan (schema, scheme)

The context: The text shows the "outlines for a possible deal" in a negotiation about climate change. The document is described as boiling down a 180-page text to focus on "the big picture," providing a range of options. It says "It shows the outlines for a possible deal." This suggests it is presenting the main structure or key points of a potential agreement, not the literal bounding lines, nor a summary in the sense of an abstract. It's a preliminary plan or framework. The phrase "outlines for a possible deal" fits best with sense 3: a schematic or preliminary plan. Sense 2 is "a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory," but the context emphasizes a deal, a plan, with options and flexibility. Sense 3 explicitly mentions "plan." So sense 3 is most appropriate.

Thus, we return {"sense_index": 3}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deal
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible <t>deal</t>, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the word "deal" in the given context. The context is about climate negotiations, discussing a "possible deal" where industrial nations and developing countries would cut emissions. The word "deal" here refers to an agreement or arrangement between parties. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

The context: "It shows the outlines for a possible <t>deal</t>, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions..." This is clearly about an agreement between nations, a negotiated pact. Sense 2 matches perfectly: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each." The examples mention "bargain" and "deals" in the context of agreements. Sense 1 is about buying or selling, which is not the primary meaning here (though you could argue a deal might involve trade, the context is about emissions cuts, not a commercial transaction). Sense 7 is about treatment received, not fitting. Other senses are about wood, cards, distribution, or quantity. So sense 2 is correct.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: emission
Target surface form: emissions
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their <t>emissions</t> by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=emission%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of emitting; causing to flow forth | synonyms=emanation
2. sense_key=emission%1:27:00:: | definition=a substance that is emitted or released | synonyms=discharge
3. sense_key=emission%1:22:00:: | definition=the release of electrons from parent atoms
4. sense_key=emission%1:22:01:: | definition=any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body | synonyms=discharge, expelling | examples=the discharge of pus
5. sense_key=emission%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are asked to perform word sense disambiguation for the target "emissions" in the given context. The target lemma is "emission" but surface form is "emissions" (plural). The context is about climate change negotiations, cutting carbon emissions. The candidate senses are given with indices 1 through 5. We need to choose the best indexed sense.

Let's examine the context: "industrial nations would collectively cut their <t>emissions</t> by 2020..." and later "the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050." Clearly, it's about cutting greenhouse gas emissions, i.e., substances released into the atmosphere.

Now, let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=emission%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of emitting; causing to flow forth | synonyms=emanation
2. sense_key=emission%1:27:00:: | definition=a substance that is emitted or released | synonyms=discharge
3. sense_key=emission%1:22:00:: | definition=the release of electrons from parent atoms
4. sense_key=emission%1:22:01:: | definition=any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body | synonyms=discharge, expelling | examples=the discharge of pus
5. sense_key=emission%1:11:00:: | definition=the occurrence of a flow of water (as from a pipe)

Sense 2 matches perfectly: "a substance that is emitted or released." In the climate change context, carbon emissions are substances (carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases) that are released into the atmosphere. The synonym "discharge" also fits. Sense 1 is the act of emitting, but here "cut their emissions" refers to the amount of substances emitted, not the act. The text says "cut their emissions by 25 to 45 percent" – that's a quantity of the substance, not the act. If it were the act, it would be like "cut the act of emitting by 25%" which is odd. So sense 2 is the correct meaning.

We must return JSON: {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: level
Target surface form: levels
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 <t>levels</t>, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=level%1:07:00:: | definition=a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality | synonyms=degree, grade | examples=a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required
2. sense_key=level%1:26:01:: | definition=a relative position or degree of value in a graded group | synonyms=grade, tier | examples=lumber of the highest grade
3. sense_key=level%1:26:00:: | definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | synonyms=degree, stage, point | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness; at what stage are the social sciences?
4. sense_key=level%1:07:01:: | definition=height above ground | examples=the water reached ankle level; the pictures were at the same level
5. sense_key=level%1:06:00:: | definition=indicator that establishes the horizontal when a bubble is centered in a tube of liquid | synonyms=spirit level
6. sense_key=level%1:06:03:: | definition=a flat surface at right angles to a plumb line | synonyms=horizontal surface | examples=park the car on the level
7. sense_key=level%1:09:00:: | definition=an abstract place usually conceived as having depth | synonyms=layer, stratum | examples=a good actor communicates on several levels; a simile has at least two layers of meaning
8. sense_key=level%1:06:01:: | definition=a structure consisting of a room or set of rooms at a single position along a vertical scale | synonyms=floor, storey, story | examples=what level is the office on?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "level" and the target surface form "levels" in the context: "while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050." Wait, the full context includes: "It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent."

So "1990 levels" refers to the amount of emissions in 1990. That is a specific quantity, a point on a scale of amount. The phrase "compared with 1990 levels" means comparing the emission amounts to the amounts that existed in 1990. So "levels" here indicates a value on a scale of measurement (emission levels). That aligns with sense 1: "a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality" with synonyms degree, grade. Example: "a moderate grade of intelligence; a high level of care is required". In this context, "1990 levels" means the degree or amount of emissions in 1990.

Sense 2 is "a relative position or degree of value in a graded group" like lumber grade. Not about emission amounts.

Sense 3 is "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" like stage or point. That could be temporal, but here "1990 levels" is not a stage in a process; it's an amount.

Sense 4: height above ground. Not applicable.

Sense 5: spirit level. No.

Sense 6: horizontal surface. No.

Sense 7: abstract place with depth, layer. Not about emissions amounts.

Sense 8: floor/story. No.

Thus, sense 1 is the best match.

So answer: {"sense_index":