[User]
Which numbered sense of "big" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second <t>biggest</t> cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent | examples=a large city
2. definition=significant | examples=graduation was a big day in his life
3. definition=very intense | examples=a bad headache
4. definition=loud and firm | examples=a big voice
5. definition=conspicuous in position or importance | examples=a big figure in the movement
6. definition=prodigious | examples=big spender
7. definition=exhibiting self-importance | examples=big talk
8. definition=feeling self-importance | examples=too big for his britches
9. definition=(of animals) fully developed | examples=an adult animal
10. definition=marked by intense physical force | examples=a big wind
11. definition=generous and understanding and tolerant | examples=a heart big enough to hold no grudges
12. definition=given or giving freely | examples=was a big tipper
13. definition=in an advanced stage of pregnancy | examples=was big with child

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "big" is used in the sentence: "the second biggest cancer killer". The phrase "biggest cancer killer" refers to the cancer that kills the most people, i.e., the most significant in terms of mortality. That aligns with sense 5: "conspicuous in position or importance". Also sense 2 "significant" could fit, but sense 5 is more specific to importance/position. The example for sense 5: "a big figure in the movement" matches. Sense 1 is about size/number, but "cancer killer" is about impact, not physical size. So answer is 5.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "cancer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest <t>cancer</t> killer in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
2. definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22
5. definition=type genus of the family Cancridae

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content: We need to determine which numbered sense of "cancer" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest <t>cancer</t> killer in the U.S. after lung cancer." Here, "cancer" refers to the disease, not the zodiac sign or constellation or crab genus. Sense 1 is the medical definition. So answer is 1.

format: unknown

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: SiliconFlow

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "killer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer <t>killer</t> in the U.S. after lung cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=someone who causes the death of a person or animal
2. definition=the causal agent resulting in death | examples=heart disease is the biggest killer in the United States
3. definition=a difficulty that is hard to deal with | examples=that exam was a real killer
4. definition=predatory black-and-white toothed whale with large dorsal fin; common in cold seas

reasoning_content: We need to match the sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the U.S. after lung cancer." Here "killer" refers to cancer as a cause of death. Sense 2 is "the causal agent resulting in death" with example "heart disease is the biggest killer". That fits. Sense 1 is about a person or animal. Sense 3 is a difficulty. Sense 4 is whale. So answer is 2.

provider: GMICloud


[User]
Which numbered sense of "u.s." (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the <t>U.S.</t> after lung cancer.

Senses:
1. definition=the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States
2. definition=North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "U.S." is used in the sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein next turned his attention colon cancer, the second biggest cancer killer in the <t>U.S.</t> after lung cancer." This refers to the country as a whole, not just the federal government. Sense 2 describes the North American republic with 50 states. Sense 1 is about the federal government branches. The context is about cancer killers in the U.S., meaning the country, not the government. So sense 2 is correct. Return only the number.

provider: Wafer


[User]
Which numbered sense of "believe" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He <t>believed</t> colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=accept as true; take to be true | examples=I believed his report
2. definition=judge or regard; look upon; judge | examples=I think he is very smart
3. definition=be confident about something | examples=I believe that he will come back from the war
4. definition=follow a credo; have a faith; be a believer | examples=When you hear his sermons, you will be able to believe, too
5. definition=credit with veracity | examples=You cannot believe this man

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "believe" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages." This is about accepting a hypothesis or possibility as true, not about judging or regarding, not about confidence in future event, not about religious faith, and not about crediting someone's veracity. It's closer to sense 1: accept as true. But note: sense 1 examples: "I believed his report" - accepting a report as true. Here, he believed a scientific possibility. Sense 2: judge or regard, often with "think" - "I think he is very smart" - that's more of an opinion. Sense 3: be confident about something - often about future. Sense 4: religious faith. Sense 5: credit with veracity - believing someone's statement. The sentence is about believing that something might be the case, which is accepting a proposition as true. So sense 1 fits best. However, note that sense 1 says "accept as true; take to be true". Yes. So answer is 1.

provider: Baidu


[User]
Which numbered sense of "arise" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also <t>arise</t> from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country
2. definition=originate or come into being | examples=a question arose
3. definition=rise to one's feet | examples=The audience got up and applauded
4. definition=result or issue | examples=A slight unpleasantness arose from this discussion
5. definition=move upward | examples=The fog lifted
6. definition=take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance
7. definition=get up and out of bed | examples=I get up at 7 A.M. every day

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "arise" is used in the sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes". The sentence indicates that colon cancer originates or comes into being from multiple hits. This matches sense 2: "originate or come into being" with example "a question arose". Sense 1 is similar but focuses on "come into existence; take on form or shape" with example of religious movement. The distinction is subtle. Sense 4 is "result or issue" with example "A slight unpleasantness arose from this discussion". The sentence says "arise from" which is a result or issue. However, the meaning is that cancer originates from hits. Let's see: Sense 2 examples: "a question arose" – that is more like something comes up. Sense 4: "result or issue" – that is more about consequence. In the sentence, colon cancer arising from hits means the hits cause the cancer, so it's a result. But sense 2 also says "originate or come into being". Both could fit. However, the exact phrasing "arise from" is often used in sense 4. Let's look at the definitions: sense 2: "originate or come into being" – no preposition mentioned. sense 4: "result or issue" – example "arose from this discussion". So the sentence directly uses "arise from", which aligns with sense 4. Also, sense 1 is "come into existence" but example "originated in that country" not "from". Sense 2 example "a question arose" (no "from") but could be used with "from" as well? Typically "arise" meaning originate can be used with "from". But the dictionary might separate them. Given the numbered senses provided, sense 4 explicitly includes "result or issue" and the example uses "from". Therefore, the correct sense is 4.

provider: StreamLake


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cancer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on <t>cancer</t> suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division; it may spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system or the blood stream
2. definition=(astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Cancer
3. definition=a small zodiacal constellation in the northern hemisphere; between Leo and Gemini
4. definition=the fourth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about June 21 to July 22
5. definition=type genus of the family Cancridae

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "cancer" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages." The word "cancer" here refers to the disease, specifically colon cancer and cancer suppressor genes. That matches sense 1: any malignant growth or tumor. The other senses are astrological or zodiacal. So answer is 1.

provider: Cloudflare


[User]
Which numbered sense of "often" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it <t>often</t> seems to develop in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "often" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages." The word "often" here refers to the frequency of the phenomenon: it frequently or commonly seems to develop in stages. Sense 1: "many times at short intervals" implies repeated occurrences over time, but here it's about a general tendency or frequency. Sense 2: "frequently or in great quantities" with example "I don't drink much" seems more about quantity. Sense 3: "in many cases or instances" fits best because it's saying that in many cases, colon cancer develops in stages. So answer is 3.

provider: DeepInfra


[User]
Which numbered sense of "seem" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often <t>seems</t> to develop in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | examples=She seems to be sleeping
2. definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | examples=It seems that he is very gifted
3. definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now
4. definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone

reasoning_content:
We need to determine which sense of "seem" is used in the sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages."

The sentence says that colon cancer often seems to develop in stages. This is about giving an impression or appearance. Let's compare senses:

1. "give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect" - example: She seems to be sleeping. That's about appearance.
2. "seem to be true, probable, or apparent" - example: It seems that he is very gifted. This is more about likelihood or probability.
3. "appear to exist" - example: There seems no reason... This is about existence.
4. "appear to one's own mind or opinion" - example: I seem to be misunderstood. This is about personal perception.

In the given sentence, "it often seems to develop in stages" means that based on observation or evidence, it appears to develop in stages. It's not about personal opinion, but about an apparent truth or probability. Also, it's not just outward aspect (like sleeping) but rather a process that appears to be true. Sense 2 seems fitting: "seem to be true, probable, or apparent". The example "It seems that he is very gifted" is similar: it's a statement about a probability based on evidence.

Alternatively, sense 1 could also apply because "develop in stages" is an outward aspect? But sense 1 is more about immediate perception, e.g., seems to be sleeping. Sense 2 is more about a conclusion. I think sense 2 is correct.

Thus answer: 2.

provider: Alibaba


[User]
Which numbered sense of "develop" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to <t>develop</t> in stages.

Senses:
1. definition=make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation | examples=Her company developed a new kind of building material that withstands all kinds of weather
2. definition=work out | examples=We have developed a new theory of evolution
3. definition=gain through experience | examples=I acquired a strong aversion to television
4. definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | examples=He grew a beard
5. definition=come into existence; take on form or shape | examples=A new religious movement originated in that country
6. definition=change the use of and make available or usable | examples=develop land
7. definition=elaborate, as of theories and hypotheses | examples=Could you develop the ideas in your thesis
8. definition=create by training and teaching | examples=The old master is training world-class violinists
9. definition=be gradually disclosed or unfolded; become manifest | examples=The plot developed slowly
10. definition=grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment | examples=A flower developed on the branch
11. definition=become technologically advanced | examples=Many countries in Asia are now developing at a very fast pace
12. definition=cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development | examples=The perfect climate here develops the grain
13. definition=generate gradually | examples=We must develop more potential customers
14. definition=grow emotionally or mature | examples=The child developed beautifully in her new kindergarten
15. definition=make visible by means of chemical solutions | examples=Please develop this roll of film for me
16. definition=superimpose a three-dimensional surface on a plane without stretching, in geometry
17. definition=move one's pieces into strategically more advantageous positions | examples=Spassky developed quickly
18. definition=move into a strategically more advantageous position | examples=develop the rook
19. definition=elaborate by the unfolding of a musical idea and by the working out of the rhythmic and harmonic changes in the theme | examples=develop the melody and change the key
20. definition=happen | examples=Report the news as it develops
21. definition=expand in the form of a series | examples=Develop the function in the following form

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "develop" is used in the sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages." The context is about colon cancer developing in stages, meaning it progresses or evolves over time. This aligns with sense 10: "grow, progress, unfold, or evolve through a process of evolution, natural growth, differentiation, or a conducive environment" with example "A flower developed on the branch." Also sense 5 "come into existence; take on form or shape" might be similar, but sense 10 specifically mentions progress and evolution in stages. The sentence says "develop in stages" which is about progression. Sense 5 is more about originating, but "develop in stages" implies a process. Sense 10 is best. Also sense 20 "happen" could be considered, but "develop in stages" is more about gradual progression. So answer is 10

provider: DigitalOcean


[User]
Which numbered sense of "stage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple "hits "on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in <t>stages</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=any distinct time period in a sequence of events | examples=we are in a transitional stage in which many former ideas must be revised or rejected
2. definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness
3. definition=a large platform on which people can stand and can be seen by an audience | examples=he clambered up onto the stage and got the actors to help him into the box
4. definition=the theater as a profession (usually `the stage') | examples=an early movie simply showed a long kiss by two actors of the contemporary stage
5. definition=a large coach-and-four formerly used to carry passengers and mail on regular routes between towns | examples=we went out of town together by stage about ten or twelve miles
6. definition=a section or portion of a journey or course | examples=then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise
7. definition=any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something; --Shakespeare | examples=All the world's a stage
8. definition=a small platform on a microscope where the specimen is mounted for examination

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "stage" is used in the sentence: "He believed colon cancer might also arise from multiple 'hits' on cancer suppressor genes, because it often seems to develop in stages." The word "stages" here refers to distinct phases or steps in the development of colon cancer. This matches sense 1: "any distinct time period in a sequence of events" or sense 2: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process". Both are similar, but sense 1 explicitly mentions "sequence of events" and sense 2 mentions "continuum or series or especially in a process". The example for sense 1 is "we are in a transitional stage" which fits. Sense 2's example is "a remarkable degree of frankness" which doesn't seem to match. Actually, sense 2's definition is "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process" but the example given is odd. However, the sentence uses "stages" as multiple distinct time periods. Typically, "stages" in cancer development refers to phases. So sense 1 is most appropriate. But let's check other senses: 3 is a platform, 4 is theater profession, 5 is a coach, 6 is a section of a journey, 7 is a setting, 8 is microscope platform. None fit. So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "often" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It <t>often</t> is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

reasoning_content: We are given a sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel..." and three senses. We need to determine which numbered sense of "often" is used. Sense 1: many times at short intervals, sense 2: frequently or in great quantities (but example seems unrelated), sense 3: in many cases or instances. The sentence talks about a general medical fact: "It often is preceded by..." meaning in many cases, it is preceded. That aligns with sense 3. Sense 1 would imply repeated occurrences over short intervals, which doesn't fit because it's about a general tendency. Sense 2 seems odd with "I don't drink much" as example, maybe it's about frequency but the definition says "frequently or in great quantities" which is similar to sense 1? Actually sense 2 might be a misprint? Anyway, the correct sense is 3. Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "precede" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is <t>preceded</t> by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=be earlier in time; go back further | examples=Stone tools precede bronze tools
2. definition=come before | examples=Most English adjectives precede the noun they modify
3. definition=be the predecessor of | examples=Bill preceded John in the long line of Susan's husbands
4. definition=move ahead (of others) in time or space
5. definition=furnish with a preface or introduction | examples=She always precedes her lectures with a joke

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "precede" is used in the given sentence. The sentence says: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant..." So "it" (likely some condition or disease) is preceded by the development of polyps. That means polyps come before it in time. The sense is about temporal order. Look at options: 1 is "be earlier in time; go back further" with example "Stone tools precede bronze tools". That matches. 2 is about order in a sequence like adjectives before nouns, not temporal. 3 is about being predecessor in a line of people. 4 is "move ahead in time or space" but that is more active? The sentence uses passive voice: "is preceded", meaning something comes before. Sense 1 fits. 5 is about furnishing with a preface. So answer is 1.

provider: Venice


[User]
Which numbered sense of "development" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the <t>development</t> of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining | examples=he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency
2. definition=a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) | examples=the development of his ideas took many years
3. definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
4. definition=a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation | examples=recent developments in Iraq
5. definition=the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful | examples=the development of Alaskan resources
6. definition=a district that has been developed to serve some purpose | examples=such land is practical for small park developments
7. definition=a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess) | examples=after he saw the latest development he changed his mind and became a supporter
8. definition=processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible | examples=the development and printing of his pictures took only two hours
9. definition=(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated

raw_output:
We need to identify which sense of "development" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the <t>development</t> of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring."

The context: medical, about polyps in the bowel, their development into malignant stages. This refers to a process of change, specifically a progression from less severe to deadly. This aligns with sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)". The example given: "the development of his ideas took many years" is similar but here it's about polyps becoming malignant. Also sense 3 is about biological unfolding of an organism, but that is more about growth of an individual organism, while here it's about a pathological process (polyps turning malignant). However, sense 2 is more general: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage". That fits. Sense 1 is about improving by expanding or refining, but here it's not about improvement, it's about becoming more malignant, which is not improvement. So sense 2 is likely correct.

Check other senses: 3 is biological organism growth, but polyps are not necessarily an individual organism; they are growths. Still could be considered, but the phrase "increasingly malignant" suggests a change in stage, not just organic growth. Sense 2 is broader. So answer is 2.

Thus return 2.2


[User]
Which numbered sense of "development" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the <t>development</t> of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining | examples=he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency
2. definition=a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage) | examples=the development of his ideas took many years
3. definition=(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level | examples=he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children
4. definition=a recent event that has some relevance for the present situation | examples=recent developments in Iraq
5. definition=the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful | examples=the development of Alaskan resources
6. definition=a district that has been developed to serve some purpose | examples=such land is practical for small park developments
7. definition=a state in which things are improving; the result of developing (as in the early part of a game of chess) | examples=after he saw the latest development he changed his mind and became a supporter
8. definition=processing a photosensitive material in order to make an image visible | examples=the development and printing of his pictures took only two hours
9. definition=(music) the section of a composition or movement (especially in sonata form) where the major musical themes are developed and elaborated

[Assistant]
We need to identify which sense of "development" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the <t>development</t> of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring."

The context: medical, about polyps in the bowel, their development into malignant stages. This refers to a process of change, specifically a progression from less severe to deadly. This aligns with sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)". The example given: "the development of his ideas took many years" is similar but here it's about polyps becoming malignant. Also sense 3 is about biological unfolding of an organism, but that is more about growth of an individual organism, while here it's about a pathological process (polyps turning malignant). However, sense 2 is more general: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage". That fits. Sense 1 is about improving by expanding or refining, but here it's not about improvement, it's about becoming more malignant, which is not improvement. So sense 2 is likely correct.

Check other senses: 3 is biological organism growth, but polyps are not necessarily an individual organism; they are growths. Still could be considered, but the phrase "increasingly malignant" suggests a change in stage, not just organic growth. Sense 2 is broader. So answer is 2.

Thus return 2.2

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 9. Return only the integer.

reasoning_content: We need to re-evaluate. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring." The word "development" here refers to the process of polyps forming and then progressing through stages. This is a process of change, not necessarily improvement. Sense 2: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)" fits well. Sense 3 is biological growth of an organism, but "polyps" are not individual organisms; they are growths. However, the phrase "development of polyps" could be seen as the organic growth of those polyps. But note that the sentence emphasizes the progression through stages of malignancy, which is a change in stage, not just growth. Sense 2 is more general. The previous answer was invalid? Possibly because the user expected a different answer. Let's think: Could it be sense 1? "act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining" - not improvement here. Sense 4: "a recent event" - no. Sense 5: land development - no. Sense 6: district - no. Sense 7: state in which things are improving - no. Sense 8: photo processing - no. Sense 9: music - no. So only 2 or 3 are plausible. But maybe the context of "polyps in the bowel" is a medical/biological context, so sense 3 might be more specific. However, sense 3 says "(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level". Polyps are not individual organisms; they are abnormal growths of tissue. But they do undergo a biological process of development. Still, the phrase "development of polyps" often refers to the formation and growth of polyps. Then the sentence says they become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages. That is a progression from benign to malignant, which is a change in stage. That aligns with sense 2's "passes by degrees to a different stage". The example for sense 2: "the development of his ideas took many years" – that's a process of change. So both could be argued. However, the instruction says "Choose one candidate index between 1 and 9. Return only the integer." The previous answer was 2 but was called invalid. Maybe the correct one is 3? Let's double-check the wording: "the development of polyps in the bowel" – this is a biological process of growth. Then "which in some cases become increasingly malignant" – that's a further development. But the word "development" itself refers to the initial formation? The sentence says "It often is preceded by the development of polyps" meaning the polyps themselves develop. That is a biological process. Sense 3 explicitly mentions "an individual organism growing organically". Polyps are not individual organisms, but they are biological structures. However, sometimes "development" in biology can refer to the growth of a tissue or tumor. But sense 3's example: "osseous development in children" refers to bone growth in a child (an organism). So it's about the organism itself. Here, it's the polyps developing. I think sense 2 fits better because it's a process of passing to different stages, which matches the subsequent description of stages. The phrase "development of polyps" could be interpreted as the process by which polyps form and then progress. But let's look at the list again. Sense 2 definition: "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage)". The example: "the development of his ideas took many years" – that's a change of ideas. For polyps, they start as benign and then become malignant, so that is a change of stage. So I still think 2 is correct. However, the user said "Your previous answer was invalid." Perhaps the system expects a different number. Could it be sense 1? No. Sense 3? Possibly because of the biological context. Alternatively, could it be sense 7? "a state in which things are improving" – not improving. So I'll go with sense 2 again? But the instruction says "Choose one candidate index between 1 and 9. Return only the integer." I'll provide 2. But given the feedback, maybe the correct answer is 3. Let's think about the phrase "development of polyps" – in medical terminology, "polyp development" is often referred to as a process. I recall that in such multiple-choice questions, often the answer is sense 2 because it's about stages. However, to be safe, I'll reconsider: The sentence describes a progression from less severe to deadly, which is a series of stages. That is exactly "a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage". That is sense 2. So I'll answer 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "polyp" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of <t>polyps</t> in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane
2. definition=one of two forms that coelenterates take (e.g. a hydra or coral): usually sedentary with a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth | examples=in some species of coelenterate, polyps are a phase in the life cycle that alternates with a medusoid phase

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "polyp" is used in the sentence. The sentence mentions "polyps in the bowel" that can become increasingly malignant. This refers to abnormal growths in the colon, which are small vascular growths on mucous membranes. Sense 1 fits: "a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane". Sense 2 is about coelenterates like hydra or coral, which is not relevant. So answer is 1.

provider: AtlasCloud


[User]
Which numbered sense of "case" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some <t>cases</t> become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=an occurrence of something | examples=it was a case of bad judgment
2. definition=a special set of circumstances | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded
3. definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly
8. definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. definition=the quantity contained in a case
11. definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence
12. definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | examples=a real character
14. definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family
15. definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part
16. definition=the housing or outer covering of something | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home

reasoning_content:
We need to identify which numbered sense of "case" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some <t>cases</t> become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages..."

The word "cases" here refers to instances or occurrences of polyps developing into malignancy. The phrase "in some cases" means "in some instances" or "sometimes". This aligns with sense 1: "an occurrence of something" with example "it was a case of bad judgment". Sense 2: "a special set of circumstances" is similar but more specific? Actually sense 2 definition is "a special set of circumstances", examples: "in that event, the first possibility is excluded". That might also fit, but typically "in some cases" is directly sense 1. Sense 1 explicitly says "an occurrence of something". So answer is 1.

Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "become" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases <t>become</t> increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news
2. definition=undergo a change or development | examples=The water turned into ice
3. definition=come into existence | examples=What becomes has duration
4. definition=enhance the appearance of | examples=Mourning becomes Electra

reasoning_content: We need to read the sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages..." The word 'become' here is used in the sense of "enter or assume a certain state or condition" or "undergo a change or development"? The phrase "become increasingly malignant" means they change into a more malignant state. So it's about changing state. Sense 1: "enter or assume a certain state or condition" fits, as in "He became annoyed" – that's entering a state. Sense 2: "undergo a change or development" – like water turning into ice, that's a change. But both are similar. However, the example for sense 1 is "He became annoyed" which is a change of state. The example for sense 2 is "The water turned into ice" which is also a change. Actually, the definitions are subtly different: sense 1 is about entering a state, sense 2 is about undergoing a change. In the sentence, "become increasingly malignant" is about becoming more malignant, which is a change in degree, but also entering a state of being more malignant. I think sense 1 is more about 'become' as a linking verb meaning 'come to be' (e.g., become annoyed). Sense 2 is about 'turn into' (e.g., water becomes ice). But 'increasingly malignant' is a property, not a transformation into a different thing. So it's more like 'enter a state'. The phrase "in identifiable stages" suggests a progression. So I'd say sense 1. However, let's check the other senses: 3 is "come into existence", not relevant. 4 is "enhance the appearance of" like "Mourning becomes Electra" (meaning suits), not here. So the answer is 1 or 2. Often in such lists, 'become' as a copula is sense 1. The example for sense 2 is 'The water turned into ice' which is a physical transformation. The sentence is about polyps becoming increasingly malignant, which is a change in their nature, but they are still polyps. So it's a state change. I'll go with sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "stage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable <t>stages</t> -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=any distinct time period in a sequence of events | examples=we are in a transitional stage in which many former ideas must be revised or rejected
2. definition=a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process | examples=a remarkable degree of frankness
3. definition=a large platform on which people can stand and can be seen by an audience | examples=he clambered up onto the stage and got the actors to help him into the box
4. definition=the theater as a profession (usually `the stage') | examples=an early movie simply showed a long kiss by two actors of the contemporary stage
5. definition=a large coach-and-four formerly used to carry passengers and mail on regular routes between towns | examples=we went out of town together by stage about ten or twelve miles
6. definition=a section or portion of a journey or course | examples=then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise
7. definition=any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something; --Shakespeare | examples=All the world's a stage
8. definition=a small platform on a microscope where the specimen is mounted for examination

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "stage" is used in the sentence. The sentence describes polyps in the bowel becoming increasingly malignant in identifiable "stages" progressing from less severe to deadly. This refers to distinct phases or steps in a process. Sense 1: "any distinct time period in a sequence of events" fits. Sense 2: "a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series" also fits, but note the examples: "a remarkable degree of frankness" is odd, but the definition is similar. However, sense 1 explicitly mentions "sequence of events" and "time period", while sense 2 mentions "continuum or series or especially in a process". Both could apply, but we need to pick the best. The sentence uses "stages" as steps in a progression of disease, which is a sequence of events. Sense 1 has example: "we are in a transitional stage..." which is similar. Sense 2's example is unrelated. Typically, in medical contexts, "stages" refer to phases of disease progression, which is sense 1 or 2. But since we have to return the number, and sense 1 says "any distinct time period in a sequence of events", that matches well. Sense 2 is more about position in a continuum. I think sense 1 is more appropriate. Let's double-check the definitions: sense 1: distinct time period; sense 2: specific identifiable position. The progression from less severe to deadly suggests time periods. So answer is 1.

provider: WandB


[User]
Which numbered sense of "progress" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- <t>progressing</t> from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=develop in a positive way | examples=He progressed well in school
2. definition=move forward, also in the metaphorical sense | examples=Time marches on
3. definition=form or accumulate steadily | examples=Resistance to the manager's plan built up quickly

reasoning_content:
We need to identify the sense of "progressing" in the given sentence. The sentence says: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring." The word "progressing" here means moving from one stage to another, specifically from less severe to deadly. This is not about positive development (sense 1) nor about forming/accumulating steadily (sense 3). It's about moving forward in a sequence, metaphorical sense. So sense 2: "move forward, also in the metaphorical sense" fits.

Return only the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "less" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from <t>less</t> severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs | examples=less interesting
2. definition=comparative of little | examples=she walks less than she should

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "less" is used in the sentence: "less severe" is a comparative of the adjective "severe". The phrase "less severe" means "not as severe". This matches sense 1: used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs. Sense 2 is comparative of little (quantity), e.g., "less money" or "she walks less". Here it's an adjective modifier. So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "severe" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less <t>severe</t> to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality | examples=severe pain
2. definition=very strong or vigorous | examples=strong winds
3. definition=severely simple | examples=a stark interior
4. definition=unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment; - H.G.Wells | examples=a parent severe to the pitch of hostility
5. definition=causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm | examples=a dangerous operation
6. definition=very bad in degree or extent | examples=a severe worldwide depression

reasoning_content:
We need to identify which sense of "severe" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less <t>severe</t> to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring."

Here "severe" is used in the context of the stages of malignancy, from less severe to deadly. So it refers to the degree of badness or seriousness of the condition. Sense 1: "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality" – that fits. Sense 2: very strong or vigorous (not about winds). Sense 3: severely simple (not about a stark interior). Sense 4: unsparing and uncompromising (about discipline). Sense 5: causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm (dangerous operation – similar but more about threat; but "severe" here is about degree). Sense 6: very bad in degree or extent (similar to sense 1). Actually sense 1 and 6 are very similar; sense 6 says "very bad in degree or extent". The examples: sense 1: severe pain; sense 6: a severe worldwide depression. Both could apply. But we need to pick the numbered sense. Typically, "severe" in medical context like "less severe to deadly" means degree of badness, so sense 1 or 6. But let's check the wording: "progressing from less severe to deadly" – "severe" here means not deadly but still serious. The definition for sense 1 includes "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality" which matches. Sense 6 is "very bad in degree or extent" also matches. However, the list has distinct numbers. Which one is more appropriate? Possibly sense 1 because it's about quality. But let's read the sentence: "progressing from less severe to deadly" – here "severe" is being compared to deadly, so it's a matter of degree. I'd say sense 1 is about "intensely or extremely bad" which is exactly the degree. Sense 6 is also about degree. But note the examples: sense 1: severe pain; sense 6: a severe worldwide depression. Both are degree. However, the wording "less severe" indicates a comparative degree, so both fit. But the question expects one number. Perhaps look at the exact phrasing: "from less severe to deadly" – deadly is the most severe, so "severe" here means bad but not deadly. The definition of sense 1 includes "extremely bad" but not necessarily life-threatening? Actually severe pain can be life-threatening indirectly. But I think sense 1 is more general. Sense 6 is similar. However, note that sense 5: "causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm" – that could also apply because cancer stages threaten great harm. But "severe" here is used in a comparative: less severe to deadly, so it's about the degree of harm, not necessarily the threat. The word "severe" modifies the malignancy stage. Typically in medical contexts, "severe" is used for degree of disease. I'd go with sense 1 because it's the most common. But let's see the list: there are 6 senses. The sentence uses "severe" as an adjective describing the stage. It's not about strong winds or simple interior or discipline. So between 1,5,6: 5 is "causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm" – that is more about the emotional impact, like a dangerous operation. The sentence is describing the progression of malignancy, not the fear it causes. So 1 or 6. Sense 6 is "very bad in degree or extent" which is essentially the same as 1? Possibly sense 1 is more about quality and 6 about quantity. The sentence says "less severe" – that is degree. I think sense 6 is specifically "very bad in degree or extent" and sense 1 is "intensely or extremely bad in degree or quality". The nuance: sense 1 includes "unpleasant" which might be subjective, while sense 6 is more objective. In medical context, "severe" is often used as "severe disease" meaning bad in degree. I'd lean towards sense 6 because of the phrase "very bad in degree or extent". However, the example for sense 6 is "a severe worldwide depression" which is a bad economic condition. For sense 1, "severe pain" is also bad. They overlap. But note that the definitions are distinct as per the source. Possibly the intended sense is 1 because it's the first and generic. Alternatively, let's see if any other sense fits better: sense 5? "causing fear or anxiety" – that might be a stretch. The sentence says "become increasingly malignant" – that is about the nature of the polyps, not about causing fear. So not 5. So between 1 and 6. Since the instruction says "Return only the number of the correct sense", and given that both could be argued, we need to pick the one that is most precise. Notice that the definition for sense 1 includes "intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality" – and the word "unpleasant" might be less applicable because it's more about medical severity. Sense 6 is "very bad in degree or extent" – that's straightforward. I think sense 6 is more accurate. However, many dictionaries list "severe" as having multiple senses. The list provided likely comes from a specific source. Without further context, I'll choose sense 1 because it's the first and most common. But let's think: In the sentence, "less severe" contrasts with "deadly". So "severe" is a degree that is less than deadly. That is exactly "very bad in degree" but not extremely bad? Actually "deadly" is extremely bad. So "severe" is less than deadly but still bad. Sense 1 says "extremely bad" – that would conflict because "extremely bad" might be equivalent to deadly? But "extremely bad" can be a spectrum. It's ambiguous. Sense 6 says "very bad" which is a bit less than extremely. I think sense 6 is better. Also note the example: "a severe worldwide depression" is a very bad event, but not necessarily deadly (though it can cause deaths). So I'll go with 6.

But wait, the sentence says "progressing from less severe to deadly" – so "severe" here is a comparative adjective: less severe. That means the stage is not as bad as deadly. So "severe" itself is a level of badness. Sense 6 defines "very bad in degree or extent" which fits that level. Sense 1 defines "intensely or extremely bad" which might be too strong for a stage that is not deadly? But "extremely bad" could still be less than deadly. Actually, deadly is the extreme. So "severe" could be a high degree but not the highest. Both are plausible.

I recall that in medical terminology, "severe" is often used as a grade: mild, moderate, severe. Here it's "less severe" meaning not as bad as severe? Actually it says "from less severe to deadly" – implying that "severe" is a stage, and "less severe" is a lower stage. So "severe" itself is a level. That aligns with sense 6: "very bad in degree". "Deadly" is even worse. So "severe" is a specific degree. Sense 1's "extremely bad" might be synonymous but I think sense 6 is more precise.

Given the wording "progressing from less severe to deadly", it's clearly about the degree of badness. I'll answer 6.

However, let's double-check the list: sense 5 is "causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm" – that could also be interpreted because the polyps become malignant and threaten harm, but the word "severe" is modifying the stage, not describing the threat. So no.

Thus I'll go with 6.

But the answer format: Return only the number. So I'll output "6".


[User]
Which numbered sense of "deadly" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to <t>deadly</t> -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=causing or capable of causing death | examples=a fatal accident
2. definition=of an instrument of certain death | examples=deadly poisons
3. definition=extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom | examples=venomous snakes
4. definition=involving loss of divine grace or spiritual death | examples=the seven deadly sins
5. definition=exceedingly harmful
6. definition=(of a disease) having a rapid course and violent effect

reasoning_content:
We need to determine which sense of "deadly" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring."

Here, "deadly" is used to describe the progression of polyps becoming malignant, from less severe to deadly. The context is about cancer progression. The sense likely refers to causing death or being extremely harmful. The options: 1. causing or capable of causing death (a fatal accident), 2. of an instrument of certain death (deadly poisons), 3. extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom (venomous snakes), 4. involving loss of divine grace or spiritual death (seven deadly sins), 5. exceedingly harmful, 6. (of a disease) having a rapid course and violent effect.

In medical context, "deadly" often means causing death. But note sense 6 specifically says "(of a disease) having a rapid course and violent effect". That might fit a cancer that progresses to a deadly stage. However, the phrase "progressing from less severe to deadly" suggests the condition becomes fatal. Sense 1 is broad: causing or capable of causing death. Sense 5 is "exceedingly harmful" which is less specific. Sense 6 is specific to diseases. The sentence mentions "malignant" and "cascade of genetic damage", so it's about cancer becoming deadly. Sense 1 seems appropriate because it's about causing death. But sense 6 might be more precise for a disease. However, the definition for sense 6 says "having a rapid course and violent effect" – that might be more like a fulminant disease. The sentence doesn't necessarily imply rapid course, just that it becomes deadly. Also, note the examples: sense 1 example is "a fatal accident", which is about causing death. Sense 5 example? No example given. The sentence doesn't specify rapid course, just that it progresses to deadly. I'd lean towards sense 1 as the primary meaning. But let's check the senses again: The numbered list given: 1. definition=causing or capable of causing death | examples=a fatal accident; 2. definition=of an instrument of certain death | examples=deadly poisons; 3. definition=extremely poisonous or injurious; producing venom | examples=venomous snakes; 4. definition=involving loss of divine grace or spiritual death | examples=the seven deadly sins; 5. definition=exceedingly harmful; 6. definition=(of a disease) having a rapid course and violent effect. Sense 5 is "exceedingly harmful" which is broader. In this context, "deadly" likely means causing death, so sense 1 is the most direct. However, sense 6 is specifically for diseases, but the definition includes "rapid course and violent effect", which may not be implied. The sentence says "progressing from less severe to deadly" – it's about the stage of malignancy, so it's a disease. But does it imply rapid course? Not necessarily. The progression might be slow. The word "deadly" in common usage often just means fatal. So I think sense 1 is correct. But note that sense 1's example is "a fatal accident", which is not a disease. Still, the definition is "causing or capable of causing death". That fits.

Let's see if there's any clue: The sentence describes the polyps becoming increasingly malignant, and then "deadly" is the final stage. So the polyps become deadly, meaning they can cause death. So sense 1.

I'll answer 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "genetic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of <t>genetic</t> damage might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | examples=an inherited disease
2. definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | examples=genic combinations
3. definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | examples=genetic research

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "genetic" is used in the sentence. The sentence talks about "genetic damage" in the context of polyps becoming malignant. This refers to damage to genes (i.e., mutations). That aligns with sense 2: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene". Sense 1 is about heredity, but here it's about damage to genes, not inheritance. Sense 3 is about origin, not applicable. Sense 4 is about the science, but the phrase "genetic damage" is about actual genes. So answer is 2


[User]
Which numbered sense of "damage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic <t>damage</t> might be occurring.

Senses:
1. definition=the occurrence of a change for the worse
2. definition=loss of military equipment
3. definition=the act of damaging something or someone
4. definition=the amount of money needed to purchase something | examples=the price of gasoline
5. definition=any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right

reasoning_content: We need to match the usage of "damage" in the sentence with the correct numbered sense. The sentence talks about genetic damage, meaning a change for the worse in genetic material. Sense 1 is "the occurrence of a change for the worse." That fits. Sense 2 is military equipment loss, not relevant. Sense 3 is the act of damaging, but here it's the result or occurrence. Sense 4 is price, no. Sense 5 is legal harm, no. So answer is 1.

provider: Parasail


[User]
Which numbered sense of "occur" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: It often is preceded by the development of polyps in the bowel, which in some cases become increasingly malignant in identifiable stages -- progressing from less severe to deadly -- as though a cascade of genetic damage might be <t>occurring</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=come to pass | examples=What is happening?
2. definition=come to one's mind; suggest itself | examples=It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary
3. definition=to be found to exist | examples=sexism occurs in many workplaces

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "occur" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "as though a cascade of genetic damage might be occurring." The context is about genetic damage happening or taking place. Sense 1: "come to pass" meaning happen. Sense 2: come to mind. Sense 3: to be found to exist. Here, "occurring" means happening, so sense 1. Return only the number


[User]
Which numbered sense of "student" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral <t>student</t>, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution
2. definition=a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "student" is used in the given sentence. The sentence says: "Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious..." The phrase "doctoral student" indicates that Eric Fearon is a learner enrolled in a doctoral program at an educational institution. Sense 1 is "a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution". Sense 2 is "a learned person... someone who by long study has gained mastery". While a doctoral student might be knowledgeable, the context emphasizes that they are a student in a program, not necessarily a master. The word "doctoral" specifies the level of study. So sense 1 fits best. Answer: 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "begin" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, <t>began</t> months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | examples=We began working at dawn
2. definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill
3. definition=set in motion, cause to start | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East
4. definition=begin to speak or say;  he began | examples=Now listen, friends,
5. definition=be the first item or point, constitute the beginning or start, come first in a series | examples=The number `one' begins the sequence
6. definition=have a beginning, of a temporal event | examples=WW II began in 1939 when Hitler marched into Poland
7. definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | examples=The novel begins with a murder
8. definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | examples=begin a cigar
9. definition=achieve or accomplish in the least degree, usually used in the negative | examples=This economic measure doesn't even begin to deal with the problem of inflation
10. definition=begin to speak, understand, read, and write a language | examples=She began Russian at an early age

reasoning_content:
We need to determine which numbered sense of "begin" is used in the given sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage."

The phrase "began months of tedious and often frustrating probing" means they started the activity of probing, which lasted months. This aligns with sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" with example "We began working at dawn". Also sense 3: "set in motion, cause to start" might be close, but sense 1 is more direct: taking the first step in an action. The sentence describes the initiation of a process (probing). So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "month" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began <t>months</t> of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "month" is used in the sentence. The sentence says "months of tedious and often frustrating probing" – it refers to a duration of time, a period of several months. Sense 2 defines "a time unit of approximately 30 days", which is about duration. Sense 1 is about a specific calendar division. The phrase "months of" indicates a period, not specific calendar months. So answer is 2


[User]
Which numbered sense of "tedious" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of <t>tedious</t> and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness; ; ; ; ; ; - Edmund Burke; ; - Mark Twain | examples=a boring evening with uninteresting people
2. definition=using or containing too many words | examples=long-winded (or windy) speakers

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "tedious" is used in the sentence. The sentence describes "months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes." This implies the work was long, repetitive, and boring due to lack of interest or excitement, causing mental weariness. Sense 1 is about lacking interest causing mental weariness. Sense 2 is about using too many words, which doesn't apply. So sense 1 is correct


[User]
Which numbered sense of "often" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and <t>often</t> frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=many times at short intervals | examples=we often met over a cup of coffee
2. definition=frequently or in great quantities | examples=I don't drink much
3. definition=in many cases or instances

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "often" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing..." Here "often" modifies "frustrating", meaning that the probing was frequently frustrating. It indicates that in many instances, it was frustrating. Sense 1: "many times at short intervals" suggests frequent repetition over time. Sense 2: "frequently or in great quantities" but with example "I don't drink much" seems off. Sense 3: "in many cases or instances" seems appropriate. The probing was often frustrating, meaning that in many cases it was frustrating. So sense 3.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "search" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes <t>searching</t> for signs of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of | examples=The police are searching for clues
2. definition=search or seek | examples=We looked all day and finally found the child in the forest
3. definition=inquire into | examples=the students had to research the history of the Second World War for their history project
4. definition=subject to a search | examples=The police searched the suspect

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "search" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage." The word "searching" here means trying to find signs of genetic damage. Sense 1: "try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of" matches that. Sense 2 is similar but emphasizes seeking, but the example is "We looked all day and finally found the child" which is more about finding something physical. Sense 3 is "inquire into" like research. Sense 4 is "subject to a search" like a physical search. The context is scientific probing to discover genetic damage, so sense 1 fits best. Return the number.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "sign" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for <t>signs</t> of genetic damage.

Senses:
1. definition=a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened) | examples=he showed signs of strain
2. definition=a public display of a message | examples=he posted signs in all the shop windows
3. definition=any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message | examples=signals from the boat suddenly stopped
4. definition=structure displaying a board on which advertisements can be posted | examples=the highway was lined with signboards
5. definition=(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided
6. definition=(medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease | examples=there were no signs of asphyxiation
7. definition=having an indicated pole (as the distinction between positive and negative electric charges) | examples=he got the polarity of the battery reversed
8. definition=an event that is experienced as indicating important things to come | examples=he hoped it was an augury
9. definition=a gesture that is part of a sign language
10. definition=a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; --de Saussure | examples=The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary
11. definition=a character indicating a relation between quantities | examples=don't forget the minus sign

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "sign" is used in the sentence: "searching for signs of genetic damage." The context is medical/scientific: looking for evidence of genetic damage. Sense 1: "a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent" fits. Sense 6: "(medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease" also fits, but note that "genetic damage" is not necessarily a disorder or disease, but it's a condition. However, sense 1 is broader. The sentence says "signs of genetic damage" - that is an indication. Both 1 and 6 could apply, but sense 6 is specifically medical. The sentence is from a medical research context (Dr. Vogelstein is a cancer researcher). The word "signs" here is used as evidence of damage. Sense 1 is more general, but sense 6 is more specific to medicine. However, the definition of sense 6 says "any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease" - genetic damage might be considered a disorder? Possibly. But the example for sense 1 includes "he showed signs of strain" which is similar. The sentence is about searching for signs, so it's a perceptible indication. I think sense 1 is the most direct. But let's check the other senses: 2 is public display, 3 is gesture, 4 is structure, 5 astrology, 7 polarity, 8 omen, 9 sign language, 10 linguistic, 11 mathematical. None fit. So between 1 and 6, which one is more appropriate? The sentence does not mention a disease or disorder explicitly; it's genetic damage. In medical terminology, "sign" is often used for objective evidence of disease, but here it's damage. I'd lean towards sense 1 because it's broader. However, the instruction says "Return only the number of the correct sense." We need to pick one. Often in such exercises, the context of "signs of genetic damage" is similar to "signs of strain" - a perceptible indication. So I'll go with 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "genetic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of <t>genetic</t> damage.

Senses:
1. definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | examples=an inherited disease
2. definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | examples=genic combinations
3. definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | examples=genetic research

reasoning_content: We need to determine which numbered sense of "genetic" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic damage." The phrase "genetic damage" refers to damage to genes or DNA, i.e., damage to the genetic material. This is related to the science of genetics, but more directly it refers to damage to genes themselves. Sense 2: "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene" fits well. Sense 4: "of or relating to the science of genetics" is broader; "genetic damage" is damage to genes, not just research. Usually, "genetic damage" means damage to the genetic material. So sense 2 is most appropriate. Sense 1 is about heredity, but damage isn't necessarily inherited. Sense 3 is about origin. So answer is 2


[User]
Which numbered sense of "damage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Dr. Vogelstein and a doctoral student, Eric Fearon, began months of tedious and often frustrating probing of the chromosomes searching for signs of genetic <t>damage</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=the occurrence of a change for the worse
2. definition=loss of military equipment
3. definition=the act of damaging something or someone
4. definition=the amount of money needed to purchase something | examples=the price of gasoline
5. definition=any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right

reasoning_content: We need to determine which numbered sense of "damage" is used in the sentence. The context: "searching for signs of genetic <t>damage</t>." It refers to genetic damage, which is a change for the worse in genetic material. Sense 1: "the occurrence of a change for the worse" fits. Other senses: loss of military equipment (no), act of damaging (not an act, but signs of damage), money (no), legal harm (no). So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "begin" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They <t>began</t> uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | examples=We began working at dawn
2. definition=have a beginning, in a temporal, spatial, or evaluative sense | examples=The DMZ begins right over the hill
3. definition=set in motion, cause to start | examples=The U.S. started a war in the Middle East
4. definition=begin to speak or say;  he began | examples=Now listen, friends,
5. definition=be the first item or point, constitute the beginning or start, come first in a series | examples=The number `one' begins the sequence
6. definition=have a beginning, of a temporal event | examples=WW II began in 1939 when Hitler marched into Poland
7. definition=have a beginning characterized in some specified way | examples=The novel begins with a murder
8. definition=begin an event that is implied and limited by the nature or inherent function of the direct object | examples=begin a cigar
9. definition=achieve or accomplish in the least degree, usually used in the negative | examples=This economic measure doesn't even begin to deal with the problem of inflation
10. definition=begin to speak, understand, read, and write a language | examples=She began Russian at an early age

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "begin" is used in the sentence: "They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions..." The verb "began" is followed by a gerund ("uncovering"), indicating the start of an action. This matches sense 1: "take the first step or steps in carrying out an action" with example "We began working at dawn". The other senses are about spatial/temporal beginnings, speaking, etc. So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "confusing" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a <t>confusing</t> variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=causing confusion or disorientation | examples=a confusing jumble of road signs
2. definition=lacking clarity of meaning; causing confusion or perplexity | examples=sent confusing signals to Iraq

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "confusing" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "They began uncovering a <t>confusing</t> variety of genetic deletions..." The word describes a variety that is confusing. Which sense? Sense 1: causing confusion or disorientation, example "a confusing jumble of road signs". Sense 2: lacking clarity of meaning; causing confusion or perplexity, example "sent confusing signals to Iraq". The context: genetic deletions, variety that is confusing because it's complex, not necessarily disorienting. But sense 1 says "causing confusion or disorientation" while sense 2 emphasizes "lacking clarity of meaning". The variety is not meaning-lacking, it's just a complex mixture that is hard to understand. Possibly sense 1 fits better because it's a jumble-like variety. However, both overlap. Usually "confusing variety" means it's bewildering, causing confusion. Sense 2 is more about communication signals. I think sense 1 is appropriate. But let's read carefully: The example for sense 1 is "a confusing jumble of road signs" which is similar to "a confusing variety". The example for sense 2 is "sent confusing signals" which is about meaning. So I'd pick sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "variety" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing <t>variety</t> of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=a collection containing a variety of sorts of things | examples=a great assortment of cars was on display
2. definition=noticeable heterogeneity | examples=a diversity of possibilities
3. definition=(biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics | examples=varieties are frequently recognized in botany
4. definition=a show consisting of a series of short unrelated performances
5. definition=a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality | examples=sculpture is a form of art
6. definition=a difference that is usually pleasant | examples=he goes to France for variety

reasoning_content: We need to match the use of "variety" in the sentence to one of the given senses. The sentence: "They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells." Here, "variety" refers to a range or assortment of different genetic deletions. Sense 1: "a collection containing a variety of sorts of things" fits. Sense 2: "noticeable heterogeneity" also fits, but sense 1 is more directly about a collection. However, sense 1 specifically says "a collection containing a variety of sorts of things" and examples "a great assortment". The phrase "a confusing variety of genetic deletions" indicates a collection of different types. Sense 2 is about heterogeneity, which is a characteristic, but the usage is "a variety of" meaning many different kinds. Typically, "a variety of" is sense 1. Also, sense 5 is "a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic" which doesn't fit because it's about a type, not an assortment. So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "genetic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of <t>genetic</t> deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=occurring among members of a family usually by heredity | examples=an inherited disease
2. definition=of or relating to or produced by or being a gene | examples=genic combinations
3. definition=pertaining to or referring to origin | examples=genetic history reconstructs the origins of a literary work
4. definition=of or relating to the science of genetics | examples=genetic research

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "genetic" is used in the sentence. The sentence talks about "genetic deletions" in benign polyps and malignant cells. This refers to deletions in genes, so it relates to genes themselves. Sense 2 is "of or relating to or produced by or being a gene". Sense 1 is about hereditary disease, but here it's about deletions in cells, not necessarily inherited. Sense 3 is about origin, not relevant. Sense 4 is about the science of genetics, but the phrase "genetic deletions" directly refers to gene deletions. So sense 2 is correct.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "exist" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some <t>existing</t> only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=have an existence, be extant | examples=Is there a God?
2. definition=support oneself | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "exist" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells." Here "existing" means being present or occurring in those locations. It's about existence in the sense of being found or having a presence. Sense 1: "have an existence, be extant" fits. Sense 2: "support oneself" does not fit. So answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "only" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing <t>only</t> in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=and nothing more | examples=I was merely asking
2. definition=without any others being included or involved | examples=was entirely to blame
3. definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead
4. definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. definition=never except when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "only" is used in the sentence. The sentence: "They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells." The word "only" here modifies "in benign polyps" meaning that those deletions exist solely in benign polyps and not elsewhere. That matches sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" (e.g., "was entirely to blame" is not a perfect example but the definition fits). Sense 1 is "and nothing more" which could also be similar but sense 2 is explicitly about exclusion of others. The phrase "only in benign polyps" means exclusively in those polyps. So answer is 2.

provider: Fireworks


[User]
Which numbered sense of "polyp" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign <t>polyps</t>, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane
2. definition=one of two forms that coelenterates take (e.g. a hydra or coral): usually sedentary with a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth | examples=in some species of coelenterate, polyps are a phase in the life cycle that alternates with a medusoid phase

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "polyp" is used in the sentence. The sentence talks about genetic deletions in benign polyps and malignant cells, and mentions polyps in the context of medical/biological conditions. Sense 1 refers to a small vascular growth on a mucous membrane, which is a medical term for a growth often found in the colon, etc. Sense 2 refers to the zoological term for a form of coelenterates like hydra or coral. The sentence clearly discusses benign and malignant cells, indicating a medical context. Therefore, sense 1 is correct.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cell" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant <t>cells</t> and many in both polyps and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction
4. definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement
5. definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver
6. definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives
7. definition=a room where a prisoner is kept

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "cell" is used in the sentence. The sentence talks about "malignant <t>cells</t>" and "benign polyps" and "malignant cells". This is clearly biological context: cells as the basic structural and functional unit of organisms. So sense 2. Return only the number.

provider: Io Net


[User]
Which numbered sense of "polyp" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both <t>polyps</t> and malignant cells.

Senses:
1. definition=a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane
2. definition=one of two forms that coelenterates take (e.g. a hydra or coral): usually sedentary with a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth | examples=in some species of coelenterate, polyps are a phase in the life cycle that alternates with a medusoid phase

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "polyp" is used in the given sentence. The sentence talks about "benign polyps" and "malignant cells", and "genetic deletions" in polyps. This context is medical: polyps in the context of growths on mucous membranes, often precancerous or benign growths. Sense 1 is medical: "a small vascular growth on the surface of a mucous membrane". Sense 2 is zoological: referring to cnidarian polyps. The sentence mentions "benign polyps" and "malignant cells", clearly referring to medical polyps, not animal forms. So answer is 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "cell" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: They began uncovering a confusing variety of genetic deletions, some existing only in benign polyps, others in malignant cells and many in both polyps and malignant <t>cells</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction
4. definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement
5. definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver
6. definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives
7. definition=a room where a prisoner is kept

reasoning_content: We need to identify which sense of "cell" is used in the sentence. The sentence talks about "malignant cells" and "benign polyps" - biological context. So it's the biological definition: the basic structural and functional unit of organisms. That is sense 2.

provider: Morph


[User]
Which numbered sense of "coherent" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Gradually, a <t>coherent</t> picture of cancer development emerged.

Senses:
1. definition=marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts | examples=a coherent argument
2. definition=capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner | examples=a lucid thinker
3. definition=(physics) of waves having a constant phase relation
4. definition=sticking together | examples=two coherent sheets

reasoning_content:
We need to determine which sense of "coherent" is used in the sentence: "Gradually, a coherent picture of cancer development emerged." The senses are:

1. marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts (e.g., a coherent argument)
2. capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner (e.g., a lucid thinker)
3. (physics) of waves having a constant phase relation
4. sticking together (e.g., two coherent sheets)

The sentence describes a "coherent picture" that emerged gradually. This means the picture is logically consistent and orderly, not that the picture itself is thinking or sticking together. So sense 1 fits best. Sense 2 is about a person's thinking. Sense 3 is physics-specific. Sense 4 is physical sticking.

Thus, answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "picture" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Gradually, a coherent <t>picture</t> of cancer development emerged.

Senses:
1. definition=a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface | examples=they showed us the pictures of their wedding
2. definition=graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface | examples=a small painting by Picasso
3. definition=a clear and telling mental image | examples=he described his mental picture of his assailant
4. definition=a situation treated as an observable object | examples=the political picture is favorable
5. definition=illustrations used to decorate or explain a text | examples=the dictionary had many pictures
6. definition=a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement | examples=they went to a movie every Saturday night
7. definition=the visible part of a television transmission | examples=they could still receive the sound but the picture was gone
8. definition=a graphic or vivid verbal description | examples=too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures
9. definition=a typical example of some state or quality | examples=the very picture of a modern general
10. definition=a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material

reasoning_content: We need to determine which sense of "picture" is used in the sentence: "Gradually, a coherent picture of cancer development emerged." The word "picture" here refers to an overall understanding or conceptualization of how cancer develops. It's not a visual representation, painting, mental image (though close), situation, illustration, movie, TV, description, or example. Sense 4 says "a situation treated as an observable object" with example "the political picture is favorable." That fits: a coherent picture of cancer development means the overall situation or understanding of cancer development. Sense 3 is "a clear and telling mental image" but that is more about a mental picture of a specific thing, like an assailant. Here it's abstract. Sense 4 is about situation/observable object. So answer is 4.