[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: always
Target surface form: always
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here <t>always</t> have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=always%4:02:00:: | definition=at all times; all the time and on every occasion | synonyms=ever, e'er | examples=I will always be there to help you; always arrives on time
2. sense_key=always%4:02:04:: | definition=without variation or change, in every case | synonyms=constantly, invariably | examples=constantly kind and gracious; he always arrives on time
3. sense_key=always%4:02:03:: | definition=without interruption | synonyms=constantly, forever, perpetually, incessantly | examples=the world is constantly changing
4. sense_key=always%4:02:02:: | definition=at any time or in any event | examples=you can always resign if you don't like it; you could always take a day off
5. sense_key=always%4:02:01:: | definition=forever; throughout all time | examples=we will always be friends; I shall treasure it always

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We need to choose the best sense for "always" in the context: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have." This means that members have historically and consistently done that. It implies at all times in the past, a habitual action. Let's examine the senses:

1. "at all times; all the time and on every occasion" - fits habitual action.
2. "without variation or change, in every case" - also fits, but more emphasis on invariability.
3. "without interruption" - suggests continuous, but here it's not about continuous action but repeated habitual action.
4. "at any time or in any event" - not relevant, as it's about possibility.
5. "forever; throughout all time" - more about eternal duration, not habitual past.

The context emphasizes that the parishioners have always done this (habitually). Sense 1 seems most fitting because it includes "all the time and on every occasion". Sense 2 is similar but more about invariability. The example "always arrives on time" for sense 1 matches the habitual nature. In contrast, sense 2's example "he always arrives on time" is similar, but sense 2's definition emphasizes "without variation or change". Both could work, but sense 1 is more general and directly matches the idea of "at all times". Also, note the context: "as members here always have" implies continuity of a tradition. Sense 3 "without interruption" could be interpreted as continuous, but the action of stopping to chat is not continuous; it's a repeated event. So sense 1 is best.

Thus sense index 1


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tower
Target surface form: tower
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the <t>tower</t>, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: | definition=anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon
3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: | definition=a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: We are given a context where "tower" refers to a part of a church from which bells are sounded. The sentence says: "the sound of bells cascading from its tower" and "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells..." This clearly refers to a structural part of a church building, a tower that houses bells. Sense 1 is "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building." This fits perfectly. Sense 2 is about a column or pillar shape, but it's metaphorical, like a tower of dust. Sense 3 is a boat (tugboat). So sense 1 is correct. Return {"sense_index": 1}.{"sense_index": 1}

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

native_finish_reason: stop

provider: Wafer

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tower
Target surface form: tower
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the <t>tower</t>, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: | definition=anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon
3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: | definition=a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

[Assistant] We are given a context where "tower" refers to a part of a church from which bells are sounded. The sentence says: "the sound of bells cascading from its tower" and "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells..." This clearly refers to a structural part of a church building, a tower that houses bells. Sense 1 is "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building." This fits perfectly. Sense 2 is about a column or pillar shape, but it's metaphorical, like a tower of dust. Sense 3 is a boat (tugboat). So sense 1 is correct. Return {"sense_index": 1}.{"sense_index": 1}

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3. Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}.

reasoning_content:
The user is indicating that my previous response was invalid, but I'm not sure why. Let me re-read the context carefully.

Context: "In the <t>tower</t>, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

Clearly, this "tower" is part of the church, a structure that houses bells. Sense 1: "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building." That matches perfectly.

Sense 2: "anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower" - this is for things like a tower of dust, a column of powder. Not applicable.

Sense 3: "a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships" - a tugboat. Not applicable.

Thus, sense 1 is the correct choice.

The user says "Your previous answer was invalid." Perhaps they expected the JSON to be exactly as specified. I had returned {"sense_index": 1} in my previous response. Wait, actually, in the previous message I wrote: Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}. But then in my response I wrote {"sense_index": 1}. That should be fine. However, the user says "Your previous answer was invalid." Possibly because they wanted the answer to be in the format exactly like {"sense_index": 1}? But that's what I did.

Maybe there is a misinterpretation: The user says "Choose one candidate index between 1 and 3." and "Return only valid JSON exactly like {"sense_index": 1}." So I must output that JSON.

I think my previous answer was actually correct. Perhaps the user is just repeating the instruction to ensure compliance. I'll respond with the same JSON.

Thus, I'll output: {"sense_index": 1}

format: unknown

provider: GMICloud


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: men
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five <t>men</t> and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "men" in the context. The context describes five men and women pulling ropes on bells. They are adult persons, male. Sense 1 is "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" and fits perfectly. Sense 2 (military) doesn't fit. Sense 3 (generic human) is too broad. Others don't fit. So sense_index 1.

provider: Alibaba


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: woman
Target surface form: women
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and <t>women</t> pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=woman%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | synonyms=adult female | examples=the woman kept house while the man hunted
2. sense_key=woman%1:18:01:: | definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man | examples=he was faithful to his woman
3. sense_key=woman%1:18:02:: | definition=a human female employed to do housework | synonyms=charwoman, char, cleaning woman, cleaning lady | examples=the char will clean the carpet; I have a woman who comes in four hours a day while I write
4. sense_key=woman%1:14:00:: | definition=women as a class | synonyms=womanhood, fair sex | examples=it's an insult to American womanhood; woman is the glory of creation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells". The context is about bell-ringing. The word "women" here is used in contrast to "men", meaning adult female persons. It's not about a particular role like wife or houseworker, nor is it about women as a class in an abstract sense. The phrase "five men and women" clearly indicates adult females. So sense 1 is best. Sense 1: an adult female person (as opposed to a man). Therefore sense_index = 1.

Return JSON: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Io Net


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pull
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women <t>pull</t> rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to move by pulling | synonyms=draw, force | examples=draw a wagon; pull a sled
2. sense_key=pull%2:35:02:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=attract, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
3. sense_key=pull%2:38:01:: | definition=move into a certain direction | examples=the car pulls to the right
4. sense_key=pull%2:35:04:: | definition=apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion | examples=Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you
5. sense_key=pull%2:41:00:: | definition=perform an act, usually with a negative connotation | synonyms=perpetrate, commit | examples=perpetrate a crime; pull a bank robbery
6. sense_key=pull%2:38:03:: | definition=bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover | synonyms=draw, pull out, get out, take out | examples=draw a weapon; pull out a gun
7. sense_key=pull%2:38:00:: | definition=steer into a certain direction | examples=pull one's horse to a stand; Pull the car over
8. sense_key=pull%2:29:00:: | definition=strain abnormally | synonyms=overstretch | examples=I pulled a muscle in my leg when I jumped up; The athlete pulled a tendon in the competition
9. sense_key=pull%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense | synonyms=draw | examples=A declining dollar pulled down the export figures for the last quarter
10. sense_key=pull%2:38:02:: | definition=operate when rowing a boat | examples=pull the oars
11. sense_key=pull%2:38:04:: | definition=rein in to keep from winning a race | examples=pull a horse
12. sense_key=pull%2:35:01:: | definition=tear or be torn violently | synonyms=rend, rip, rive | examples=The curtain ripped from top to bottom; pull the cooked chicken into strips
13. sense_key=pull%2:35:03:: | definition=hit in the direction that the player is facing when carrying through the swing | examples=pull the ball
14. sense_key=pull%2:35:05:: | definition=strip of feathers | synonyms=pluck, tear, deplume, deplumate, displume | examples=pull a chicken; pluck the capon
15. sense_key=pull%2:35:10:: | definition=remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense | synonyms=extract, pull out, pull up, take out, draw out | examples=pull weeds; extract a bad tooth
16. sense_key=pull%2:33:13:: | definition=take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for | synonyms=root for | examples=We all rooted for the home team; I'm pulling for the underdog
17. sense_key=pull%2:30:11:: | definition=take away | examples=pull the old soup cans from the supermarket shelf

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a target lemma "pull" in a sentence: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." The action is pulling ropes to ring bells. This is a physical pulling motion. Among the candidate senses, sense 1: "cause to move by pulling" with synonyms draw, force, example "draw a wagon; pull a sled." Sense 4: "apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion" with example "Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you." Sense 4 seems more directly applicable because it specifically mentions pulling a rope. Sense 1 is broader. Also, sense 9 is about causing to move in a direction but more abstract. Sense 4 is the most exact: "apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion" and the example is explicitly "Pull the rope". In the context, they are pulling on ropes to make bells move. So sense 4 is best.

Thus, sense_index should be 4.

provider: Venice


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on <t>ropes</t> attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given a target lemma "rope" with surface form "ropes" in context. The context describes bell-ringing: "pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells". So the ropes are physical ropes used to pull bells. That matches sense 1: "a strong line". Sense 2 is slang for a drug. Clearly sense 1 is correct. So answer: {"sense_index": 1}.

provider: WandB


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the <t>same</t> five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "same" in the context: "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." The key aspect is identity: these are exactly the same physical bells, not just similar or equivalent. Sense 1 is "same in identity" with example "the same man I saw yesterday". That fits: the bells are identical in identity to the ones from 1614. Sense 2 is "closely similar or comparable" which would be for things that are alike but not identical. Sense 3 is "equal in amount or value" with synonyms like "like" - not fitting. Sense 4 is "unchanged in character or nature" which is close but the phrase "the same five bells" emphasizes identity of the objects, not just their character. The example for sense 4 is "the village stayed the same" which is about character, not identity. So sense 1 is best.

provider: Morph


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five <t>bells</t> that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to determine the correct sense of "bells" in the context. The context describes church bells ringing, the sound of bells cascading, and the peal of bells. The target surface form is "bells" (plural). The candidate senses include sense 1 (a hollow device that makes ringing sound), sense 3 (the sound of a bell being struck), sense 9 (a percussion instrument set of tuned bells), etc. The context: "the sound of bells cascading from its tower" and "the same five bells that first sounded here" and "enjoying the peal of bells". The bells are physical objects being rung. So the most appropriate sense is the physical object, sense 1. Sense 3 is the sound, but the word "bells" refers to the physical objects because they are being pulled on ropes, and they "sounded" (verb). The phrase "the sound of bells" uses "bells" as the source of the sound, but the referent is the physical device. Also "five bells" indicates objects. So sense 1 is correct.

provider: Baidu


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: first
Target surface form: first
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that <t>first</t> sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=first%4:02:00:: | definition=before anything else | synonyms=firstly, foremost, first of all, first off | examples=first we must consider the garter snake
2. sense_key=first%4:02:02:: | definition=the initial time | synonyms=for the first time | examples=when Felix first saw a garter snake
3. sense_key=first%4:02:03:: | definition=before another in time, space, or importance | examples=I was here first; let's do this job first
4. sense_key=first%4:02:01:: | definition=prominently forward | synonyms=foremost | examples=he put his best foot foremost

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "first" in the context: "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." Here "first" modifies the verb "sounded" indicating the initial time those bells sounded. Sense 2 is "the initial time" with synonyms "for the first time" and example "when Felix first saw a garter snake." That matches perfectly. Sense 1 is "before anything else" which is adverbial but not temporal in the same way; sense 3 is "before another in time, space, or importance" but that is more comparative; sense 4 is "prominently forward". The best is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sound
Target surface form: sounded
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sound%2:39:06:: | definition=appear in a certain way | examples=This sounds interesting
2. sense_key=sound%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=go | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
3. sense_key=sound%2:39:03:: | definition=give off a certain sound or sounds | examples=This record sounds scratchy
4. sense_key=sound%2:39:02:: | definition=announce by means of a sound | examples=sound the alarm
5. sense_key=sound%2:32:00:: | definition=utter with vibrating vocal chords | synonyms=voice, vocalize, vocalise
6. sense_key=sound%2:39:01:: | definition=cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note
7. sense_key=sound%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line | synonyms=fathom

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given: "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614". Here "sounded" means the bells made a sound, i.e., they produced a noise. This is sense 2: "make a certain noise or sound" (go). Also sense 6: "cause to sound" is about causing something to sound, but here the bells themselves are sounding, not being sounded by someone. The bells first sounded, meaning they rang. So sense 2 fits: "make a certain noise or sound". The example "The gun went 'bang'" is similar. Sense 3 is about giving off a certain sound (like "sounds scratchy"), but here it's more about the action of sounding. Sense 2 is the best.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded <t>here</t> in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target word "here" in the context of: "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." The context is about a church in Aslacton, England. The word "here" refers to the location: the place where the bells first sounded. The sentence says "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" meaning at this place (the church). So it is the locative sense. Among the senses, sense 1 is "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is". That matches. Sense 2 is in this circumstance, sense 3 is to this place (hither), sense 4 is at this time (now). The context clearly indicates location, not direction (sense 3) or time (sense 4) or circumstance. So sense index 1 is correct.

provider: Novita


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discordant
Target surface form: discordant
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a <t>discordant</t>, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discordant%3:00:00:: | definition=not in agreement or harmony | examples=views discordant with present-day ideas
2. sense_key=discordant%5:00:00:inharmonious:00 | definition=lacking in harmony | synonyms=disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: target lemma "discordant", surface form "discordant". Context: "But there is also a <t>discordant</t>, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening." The word "discordant" is used as an adjective modifying "note". It contrasts with the harmonious scene of church bells and rural England. The "modern note" is something that is not in harmony with the traditional setting. So it means not in agreement or harmony.

Two candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discordant%3:00:00:: | definition=not in agreement or harmony | examples=views discordant with present-day ideas
2. sense_key=discordant%5:00:00:inharmonious:00 | definition=lacking in harmony | synonyms=disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic

Both are similar. Sense 1 is the adjective sense meaning not in agreement or harmony. Sense 2 is a participial adjective or derived adjective meaning lacking in harmony. The example for sense 1 is "views discordant with present-day ideas" - that fits the context of a modern note that is discordant with the traditional scene. Sense 2 synonyms include dissonant, inharmonic. The context says "discordant, modern note" - it is a note that is out of harmony with the bells. But note that the word "discordant" is paired with "note" which could be metaphorical. However, both senses are very close. WordNet often distinguishes between "not in agreement or harmony" (sense 1) and "lacking in harmony" (sense 2). The context emphasizes a lack of harmony between the modern note and the traditional setting. So sense 2 might be more literal (lacking in harmony) but sense 1 also works. However, note that sense 1 has an example "views discordant with present-day ideas" which is about disagreement, not musical harmony. The context here is about a "note" that is "discordant" in a scene of bells. It could be metaphorical. But sense 2 has synonyms "dissonant, inharmonic" which are more musical. Since the context involves bells and sound, sense 2 might be more appropriate. But the word "note" is used metaphorically (a modern note meaning a modern element). Also, the sentence says "though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells" so it's not an actual sound, but a metaphorical note. So it's about disagreement or lack of harmony in a broader sense. I think sense 1 is more general: "not in agreement or harmony" - that fits. Sense 2 is specifically "lacking in harmony" which might be more about sound. But both are valid. The instruction says "choose the single best indexed sense". I need to decide. Given that the context uses "discordant modern note" as something that contrasts with the harmonious scene, sense 1 seems appropriate. But sense 2 also works. I'll look at the definitions more carefully: sense 1: "not in agreement or harmony" - that includes both interpersonal and aesthetic harmony. Sense 2: "lacking in harmony" - that is more about musical harmony. The example for sense 1 is about views. The context also describes a "note" that is "modern" and "cannot be heard", so it's not a sound. Thus, I lean towards sense 1 as the better match because it captures the idea of being out of agreement with the traditional scene. Also, sense 2 is a derived adjective (indicated by %5) which might be more specific. Often in WSD, the general sense is preferred unless context strongly suggests a specific domain. The context does not mention actual sound, but a metaphorical note. So sense 1 seems best.

Thus, the answer should be {"sense_index": 1} (since the numbering starts at 1).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: note
Target surface form: note
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern <t>note</t> in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=note%1:10:00:: | definition=a brief written record | examples=he made a note of the appointment
2. sense_key=note%1:10:03:: | definition=a short personal letter | synonyms=short letter, line, billet | examples=drop me a line when you get there
3. sense_key=note%1:10:04:: | definition=a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound | synonyms=musical note, tone | examples=the singer held the note too long
4. sense_key=note%1:10:05:: | definition=a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling | examples=there was a note of uncertainty in his voice
5. sense_key=note%1:07:00:: | definition=a characteristic emotional quality | examples=it ended on a sour note; there was a note of gaiety in her manner
6. sense_key=note%1:21:01:: | definition=a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank) | synonyms=bill, government note, bank bill, banker's bill, bank note, Federal Reserve note | examples=he peeled off five one-thousand-zloty notes
7. sense_key=note%1:10:02:: | definition=a comment or instruction (usually added) | synonyms=annotation, notation | examples=his notes were appended at the end of the article; he added a short notation to the address on the envelope
8. sense_key=note%1:26:00:: | definition=high status importance owing to marked superiority | synonyms=eminence, distinction, preeminence | examples=a scholar of great eminence
9. sense_key=note%1:21:00:: | definition=a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time | synonyms=promissory note, note of hand | examples=I had to co-sign his note at the bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target word "note" in the context: "But there is also a discordant, modern <t>note</t> in Aslacton". The phrase "discordant, modern note" suggests a figurative use, meaning a quality or characteristic that is out of place or contrasting. The word "note" here is used to describe a particular quality or feature that is noticeable. This aligns with sense 5: "a characteristic emotional quality" with examples like "it ended on a sour note". The context says "discordant, modern note", which is similar to "sour note". It's not a musical note (sense 3) because it's used metaphorically. It's not a tone of voice (sense 4) because it's about the overall atmosphere. So sense 5 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: enjoy
Target surface form: enjoying
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:00:: | definition=derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in | synonyms=bask, relish, savor, savour | examples=She relished her fame and basked in her glory
2. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:01:: | definition=have benefit from | examples=enjoy privileges
3. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:01:: | definition=get pleasure from | synonyms=love | examples=I love cooking
4. sense_key=enjoy%2:39:00:: | definition=have for one's benefit | examples=The industry enjoyed a boom
5. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:00:: | definition=take delight in | synonyms=delight, revel | examples=he delights in his granddaughter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "enjoy" in surface form "enjoying" in the context of church-goers enjoying the peal of bells. The context says: "the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells". This clearly indicates they are deriving pleasure from the sound. Among the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:00:: | definition=derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in | synonyms=bask, relish, savor, savour | examples=She relished her fame and basked in her glory
2. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:01:: | definition=have benefit from | examples=enjoy privileges
3. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:01:: | definition=get pleasure from | synonyms=love | examples=I love cooking
4. sense_key=enjoy%2:39:00:: | definition=have for one's benefit | examples=The industry enjoyed a boom
5. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:00:: | definition=take delight in | synonyms=delight, revel | examples=he delights in his granddaughter

Senses 2 and 4 are about benefiting or having something for one's benefit, which don't fit here because it's about pleasure. Sense 3 is "get pleasure from" with synonym "love", but sense 1 is "derive or receive pleasure from" with synonyms like "relish, savor". Both are similar. Sense 5 is "take delight in" with synonym "delight, revel". The context is about enjoying the peal of bells, which is a sensory pleasure. Looking at the examples, sense 1 has "She relished her fame and basked in her glory" which is more about savoring something. Sense 3 example is "I love cooking" which is a general love for an activity. Sense 5 example is "he delights in his granddaughter" which is about delight in a person. In the context of enjoying the sound of bells, "derive or receive pleasure from" (sense 1) seems most appropriate because it's about experiencing pleasure from a sensory event. Also, the synonyms "relish, savor" fit well with savoring the sound. Sense 3 is more like "love" which is a stronger emotional affection. But the phrase "enjoying the peal" is typical for deriving pleasure. I think sense 1 is the best fit. However, note that sense 1 and sense 3 are both in the same lexicographer file (37) but different sense numbers. I'll go with sense 1.

provider: SiliconFlow


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of <t>bells</t> this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "bells" in the context. The context describes an ancient church with five bells that are rung by pullers. The sound of bells cascading from the tower. The phrase "the sound of bells" suggests the sound. Also, the idiom "enjoying the peal of bells" refers to the sound. Sense 3 is "the sound of a bell being struck" with synonym "toll" and example "she heard the distant toll of church bells". That matches. Sense 1 is the metal device, but the context is about the sound, not the physical objects? Actually, "the same five bells" are physical objects, but the phrase "the sound of bells" and "peal of bells" is the sound. Sense 1 would be the physical device. However, the best sense here is likely the sound because the context emphasizes the auditory experience. But check: "the sound of bells cascading from its tower" – that's the sound. "enjoying the peal of bells" – also sound. So sense 3 is appropriate. Also sense 9 is a percussion instrument set of tuned bells, but that's more like orchestral chimes. The church bells are typically large metal bells. Sense 1 is the device, but the context is about the sound they make. Both 1 and 3 are plausible. But the examples for sense 3 include "she heard the distant toll of church bells" which directly matches. So I'll go with sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cool
Target surface form: cool
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this <t>cool</t> autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cool%3:00:01:: | definition=neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat | examples=a cool autumn day; a cool room
2. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:composed:00 | definition=marked by calm self-control (especially in trying circumstances); unemotional | synonyms=coolheaded, nerveless | examples=play it cool; keep cool
3. sense_key=cool%3:00:03:: | definition=(color) inducing the impression of coolness; used especially of greens and blues and violets | examples=cool greens and blues and violets
4. sense_key=cool%3:00:02:: | definition=psychologically cool and unenthusiastic; unfriendly or unresponsive or showing dislike | examples=relations were cool and polite; a cool reception
5. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:unqualified:02 | definition=(used of a number or sum) without exaggeration or qualification | examples=a cool million bucks
6. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:fashionable:00 | definition=fashionable and attractive at the time; often skilled or socially adept | examples=he's a cool dude; that's cool

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "cool" in the context: "this cool autumn evening". The word modifies "autumn evening", describing temperature. The candidate sense 1 is "neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat" with example "a cool autumn day". That matches perfectly. Sense 2 is about calm self-control, not relevant. Sense 3 is about color, not relevant. Sense 4 is about unfriendly, not relevant. Sense 5 is about unqualified number, not relevant. Sense 6 is about fashionable, not relevant. So sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn <t>evening</t>. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output: We are given the context: "enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening". This refers to a specific time, late afternoon/early evening, after the sun has set? Actually, it's "cool autumn evening", which is likely the time after daylight but before night, when the bells are rung. The context also mentions "evensong" which is a church service in the evening. So it's the time of day. Sense 1 is "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)". That fits. Sense 2 is metaphorical "a later concluding time period" (like evening of the Roman Empire) - not applicable. Sense 3 is "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way" - like "an evening at the opera". But the context is a cool autumn evening, not specifically the early part of night after dinner. It's more general. So sense 1 is best.{"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like <t>most</t> of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%3:00:02:: | definition=(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number | examples=who has the most apples?; most people like eggs
2. sense_key=most%3:00:01:: | definition=the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree | examples=made the most money he could; what attracts the most attention?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given: "Like <t>most</t> of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."

The target word is "most". It is used as a quantifier meaning "the majority of" or "the greatest number of". The context: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches..." Here, "most" is used with a plural count noun ("churches"). It is the superlative of "many" (many churches, more churches, most churches). So it fits sense 1: "(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number". The example "most people like eggs" matches this usage. Sense 2 is for mass nouns (e.g., "most money"). Here "churches" is a count noun. So sense 1 is correct.

Thus answer: {"sense_index": 1}

provider: Cloudflare


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the <t>other</t> 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target word "other" in the context: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."

The word "other" here is used to refer to churches that are not St. Michael but are similar. It means "different from the one already mentioned; the remaining ones." That corresponds to sense 1: "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." The example given: "the construction of highways and other public works" shows similar usage.

Senses 2 and 3 refer to time: "recently past" or "belonging to the distant past." That doesn't fit here; "other" is not modifying a time word. Sense 4 means "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected." That also doesn't fit because it's just referring to other churches, not strange ones.

Thus, the best sense is sense 1.

provider: DeepInfra


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: churches
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 <t>churches</t> in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "churches" in the context. The sentence: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..." Here, "churches" refers to buildings or places of worship that have sets of bells. The context is about physical churches (buildings) that have bell towers. Sense 2 is "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" with synonym "church building". That fits. Sense 1 is about groups of Christians, sense 3 is about a service, sense 4 is about the body of people. The phrase "in Britain with sets of bells" indicates physical structures. So sense 2 is correct.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: set
Target surface form: sets
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with <t>sets</t> of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=set%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used | examples=a set of books; a set of golf clubs
2. sense_key=set%1:14:02:: | definition=(mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols | examples=the set of prime numbers is infinite
3. sense_key=set%1:04:00:: | definition=several exercises intended to be done in series | synonyms=exercise set | examples=he did four sets of the incline bench press
4. sense_key=set%1:06:00:: | definition=representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production | synonyms=stage set | examples=the sets were meticulously authentic
5. sense_key=set%1:14:01:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=circle, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
6. sense_key=set%1:09:01:: | definition=a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way | synonyms=bent | examples=the set of his mind was obvious
7. sense_key=set%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting something in position | examples=he gave a final set to his hat
8. sense_key=set%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of play in tennis or squash | examples=they played two sets of tennis after dinner
9. sense_key=set%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization | synonyms=hardening, solidifying, solidification, curing | examples=the hardening of concrete; he tested the set of the glue
10. sense_key=set%1:18:00:: | definition=evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris | synonyms=Seth
11. sense_key=set%1:11:00:: | definition=the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon | examples=before the set of sun
12. sense_key=set%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way | synonyms=readiness | examples=the subjects' set led them to solve problems the familiar way and to overlook the simpler solution; his instructions deliberately gave them the wrong set
13. sense_key=set%1:06:01:: | definition=any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals | examples=the early sets ran on storage batteries

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target lemma "set" with surface form "sets" in the context: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with <t>sets</t> of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..." The word "sets" here refers to groups of bells. The context is about churches having sets of bells. The candidate senses include sense 1: "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used" with examples like "a set of books; a set of golf clubs". This fits perfectly: a set of bells is a group of bells that belong together. Other senses like mathematical set (2), exercise set (3), stage set (4), association of people (5), inclination (6), putting in position (7), tennis set (8), hardening (9), Egyptian god (10), descent (11), psychological readiness (12), electronic equipment (13) are not relevant. So the best sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of <t>bells</t>, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given a context about church bells in Aslacton, England. The target word is "bells" (plural of bell). The context describes the sound of bells cascading from a tower, calling the faithful to evensong. It mentions five bells that first sounded in 1614, and a peal of bells. The target appears in the phrase "sets of bells" and later "the same five bells". The sense should be the physical object that makes a ringing sound, not the sound itself, but note that sense 3 is "the sound of a bell being struck". However, the context uses "bells" as objects: "the sound of bells cascading", "the same five bells", "sets of bells". So it's referring to the physical bells. Sense 1 is "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck". That fits perfectly. Sense 3 is the sound, but the word "bells" here refers to the objects, not the sound. The examples for sense 3 include "she heard the distant toll of church bells" which uses "bells" as the source of sound, but the definition is the sound itself. In the context, "bells" are being pulled, they are physical objects. So sense 1 is correct. Also sense 9 is a set of tuned bells used as an orchestral instrument, but these are church bells, not orchestral. So sense 1 is best.

Thus answer: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael <t>once</t> had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "once" in a context. The context describes St. Michael's church in Aslacton, and says: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael <t>once</t> had its own 'band' of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains..."

The word "once" here indicates that in the past, the church had its own band of ringers, but now it does not. This matches sense 3: "at a previous time" with synonyms "formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst". The example "at one time he loved her" fits the past meaning.

Sense 1 means "on one occasion" (one time), but here it's not about a single occasion but about a past state. Sense 2 means "as soon as", which doesn't fit.

Thus the correct sense index is 3.

provider: DigitalOcean


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of <t>ringers</t>, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "ringers" in the context. The context describes people who ring church bells. The target word is "ringers" and it says "its own 'band' of ringers" and later "only one local ringer remains". This clearly refers to people who ring church bells. Sense 1 is "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)" with synonyms toller, bell ringer. That matches perfectly. Other senses are about clones, false pretenses in competitions, or horseshoes. So sense index 1.

provider: AkashML


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sunday
Target surface form: Sunday
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every <t>Sunday</t> morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sunday%1:28:00:: | definition=first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians | synonyms=Lord's Day, Dominicus, Sun
2. sense_key=sunday%1:18:00:: | definition=United States evangelist (1862-1935) | synonyms=Billy Sunday, William Ashley Sunday

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target lemma "sunday" with surface form "Sunday" in context. The context describes a church scene with bells ringing for Sunday morning and evening service. The two candidate senses are: sense 1: first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians; and sense 2: United States evangelist (1862-1935). Clearly, the context is about a day of the week, specifically referring to Sunday services. So sense 1 is correct. The JSON should have sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: morning
Target surface form: morning
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday <t>morning</t> and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=morning%1:28:00:: | definition=the time period between dawn and noon | synonyms=morn, morning time, forenoon | examples=I spent the morning running errands
2. sense_key=morning%1:10:00:: | definition=a conventional expression of greeting or farewell | synonyms=good morning
3. sense_key=morning%1:28:01:: | definition=the first light of day | synonyms=dawn, dawning, aurora, first light, daybreak, break of day | examples=we got up before dawn; they talked until morning
4. sense_key=morning%1:11:00:: | definition=the earliest period | synonyms=dawn | examples=the dawn of civilization; the morning of the world

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
We are given the target lemma "morning" in context. The context is about church services: "who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service." Here "Sunday morning" refers to the time period of the morning, specifically the time between dawn and noon. The word "morning" is used to denote the time of day for the service. Let's examine the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: "the time period between dawn and noon" - this fits perfectly. The context mentions "Sunday morning service", which is a service held in the morning time.

2. sense 2: "a conventional expression of greeting or farewell" - clearly not, as it's not used as a greeting.

3. sense 3: "the first light of day" - this is more about dawn specifically, not the whole morning period. The context refers to a service that likely takes place later in the morning, not just at dawn.

4. sense 4: "the earliest period" - this is metaphorical, like "the morning of the world". Not applicable here.

Thus, the best sense is sense 1. So the answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and <t>evening</t> service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We need to choose the best sense for "evening" in the context: "this cool autumn evening" and "every Sunday morning and evening service". The context refers to the time of day, specifically the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall. Sense 1 is "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)" with synonyms eve, even, eventide. Sense 2 is metaphorical (a later concluding time period). Sense 3 is "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way" like "an evening at the opera". The context is about a church service, which is a regular time of day, not a special event. Also "cool autumn evening" refers to the time of day. So sense 1 is most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening <t>service</t>. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content: We are given the target word "service" in context: "who would herald every Sunday morning and evening <t>service</t>." The context is about church bells ringing for church services. The phrase "Sunday morning and evening service" clearly refers to religious worship services. Candidate sense 3 is: "the act of public worship following prescribed rules" with synonyms "religious service, divine service" and examples "the Sunday service." That matches perfectly. Other senses like work, help, military, etc., are not relevant. So the best sense is index 3.