[User]
Which numbered sense of "young" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of <t>young</t> people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests.

Senses:
1. definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | examples=young people
2. definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | examples=new potatoes
3. definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | examples=he is young for his age
4. definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry
5. definition=not tried or tested by experience | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence and the context of how "young" is being used.

The sentence is: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests."

The phrase is "young people" - this is referring to people who are in an early period of their lives, early in their development.

Let me check each sense:

1. "(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | examples=young people" - This directly matches our usage. "Young people" refers to people in an early period of life.

2. "(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | examples=new potatoes" - This is about crops, not applicable here.

3. "suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | examples=he is young for his age" - This is more about appearing youthful or vigorous, not necessarily about actual age/development stage.

4. "being in its early stage | examples=a young industry" - This is about industries or things being in early stages, not about people.

5. "not tried or tested by experience | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers" - This is about lack of experience, not about age/development.

The correct answer is sense 1, as "young people" clearly refers to people in an early period of life or development, which is exactly what sense 1 defines.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[User]
Which numbered sense of "people" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young <t>people</t> in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests.

Senses:
1. definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively | examples=old people
2. definition=the body of citizens of a state or country | examples=the Spanish people
3. definition=members of a family line | examples=his people have been farmers for generations
4. definition=the common people generally | examples=separate the warriors from the mass

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence and the senses of "people" provided.

The sentence is: "And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young <t>people</t> in particular, well as to violate some cherished vested interests."

In this sentence, "young people" refers to young human beings - young children/youth. The context is discussing human nature of young people, suggesting a group of human beings, specifically young ones.

Let me check each sense:

1. "(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively" - This fits perfectly. "Young people" is a group of human beings (children/youth).

2. "the body of citizens of a state or country" - This is about nationality/state citizenship, which doesn't fit the context here.

3. "members of a family line" - This is about familial relations, which doesn't fit.

4. "the common people generally" - This is about the masses/common folk, which isn't what's being discussed here.

The sentence is clearly using sense 1, as it refers to young human beings collectively - a group of children/youth.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[User]
Which numbered sense of "violate" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: And the reason we do not want to is that effective education would require us to relinquish some cherished metaphysical beliefs about human nature in general and the human nature of young people in particular, well as to <t>violate</t> some cherished vested interests.

Senses:
1. definition=fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns | examples=This sentence violates the rules of syntax
2. definition=act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises | examples=offend all laws of humanity
3. definition=destroy | examples=Don't violate my garden
4. definition=violate the sacred character of a place or language | examples=desecrate a cemetery
5. definition=force (someone) to have sex against their will | examples=The woman was raped on her way home at night
6. definition=destroy and strip of its possession | examples=The soldiers raped the beautiful country

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "violate" is being used.

The sentence reads: "...well as to violate some cherished vested interests."

The context is about education requiring us to relinquish some beliefs and to "violate some cherished vested interests."

Let me examine each sense:

1. "fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns" - This could potentially fit, as "violating" vested interests could mean acting against them.

2. "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" - This fits the context. Violating vested interests means acting in disregard of those interests, which could be rules, arrangements, or agreements that benefit certain groups.

3. "destroy" - This could work in the sense of destroying vested interests, but it's a bit strong.

4. "violate the sacred character of a place or language" - This doesn't fit, as vested interests aren't sacred places or languages.

5. "force (someone) to have sex against their will" - This doesn't fit at all.

6. "destroy and strip of its possession" - This doesn't fit.

Looking at senses 1 and 2 more carefully:
- Sense 1: "fail to agree with; be in violation of" - this is about failing to conform to rules or patterns
- Sense 2: "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises" - this is about acting despite existing agreements/rules

The context suggests that violating vested interests means going against or disregarding the established interests of certain groups. This fits better with sense 2, which specifically mentions "act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises."

The answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "belief" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These <t>beliefs</t> so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=any cognitive content held as true
2. definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | examples=his impression of her was favorable

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "belief" is being used.

The sentence is: "These <t>beliefs</t> so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Let me look at the two senses:

1. "any cognitive content held as true" - This refers to things that are held as true, considered as true in someone's mind.

2. "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" - This refers to vague ideas that people have some confidence in, like "impression"

In the sentence, "beliefs" refers to things that dominate institutions and are so ingrained that challenging them seems blasphemous. These seem to be established ideas/principles that people hold to be true within society.

The first definition "any cognitive content held as true" seems more appropriate here. The beliefs are presented as established convictions that people hold to be true.

The second definition emphasizes "vague idea" and gives the example "impression" - these beliefs in the sentence don't seem vague; they seem to be established, strong convictions.

Therefore, the correct sense is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "so" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious
2. definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior
3. definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so
4. definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student
5. definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he
6. definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | examples=hold the brush so
7. definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand
8. definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | examples=then he left
9. definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | examples=therefore X must be true
10. definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "These beliefs <t>so</t> dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Looking at how "so" is used here, it appears to be modifying the verb "dominate" and the sentence structure shows "so...that", which indicates a cause-and-effect relationship.

Let me check each sense:

1. "to a very great extent or degree" - This could work, but it's not quite capturing the structure.

2. "in a manner that facilitates" - This doesn't fit.

3. "in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied" - This doesn't quite fit either.

4. "to a certain unspecified extent or degree" - This doesn't fit well.

5. "in the same way; also" - This doesn't apply here.

6. "in the way indicated" - This doesn't fit.

7. "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed" - This matches! The structure is "so dominate...that it seems almost blasphemous". This is the "so...that" construction where "so" indicates a degree that leads to a consequence.

8. "subsequently or soon afterward" - Doesn't fit.

9. "(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result" - This doesn't fit this usage.

10. "in truth (often tends to intensify)" - Doesn't fit.

The correct sense is 7, which explicitly mentions being "usually followed by 'that'" and the example "he was so tired he could hardly stand" shows the same pattern: "so [adjective/adverb] that [consequence]".

In our sentence: "so dominate...that it seems almost blasphemous" - this matches sense 7 perfectly.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "educational" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our <t>educational</t> establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=relating to the process of education | examples=educational psychology
2. definition=providing knowledge | examples=an educational film

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the usage of "educational" in the sentence:

"These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

Here, "educational establishment" refers to the institutions and systems related to education - schools, universities, educational institutions, etc.

Let me consider both senses:

1. "relating to the process of education" - This would mean relating to the educational process itself. "Educational establishment" would be the establishment/system that is involved in or related to education. This fits.

2. "providing knowledge" - This would mean something that provides knowledge or information. "Educational establishment" doesn't really mean it provides knowledge in the sense of being informative like a film would be. The establishment is the system itself, not something that provides knowledge in this direct way.

Sense 1 is the better fit here. "Educational" is being used as an adjective to describe the type of establishment - one that relates to or is part of the educational process/system. It's describing what kind of establishment it is (an education-related one), rather than saying the establishment provides knowledge.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "establishment" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=the act of forming or establishing something | examples=the constitution of a PTA group last year
2. definition=an organization founded and united for a specific purpose
3. definition=the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something | examples=he claims that the present administration is corrupt
4. definition=a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence
5. definition=any large organization
6. definition=(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat
7. definition=the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational <t>establishment</t>, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

In this context, "establishment" is being used to refer to the educational system/institution as a whole - the institutions, organizations, and structures involved in education.

Let me go through each sense:

1. "the act of forming or establishing something" - This would be a verb form, not what's being used here.

2. "an organization founded and united for a specific purpose" - This could fit, but it's a bit narrow.

3. "the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something" - This is referring to the people/administration that run something. This could fit somewhat, but the example is about "administration" being corrupt, which is more about the people running it.

4. "a public or private structure (business or governmental or educational) including buildings and equipment for business or residence" - This could fit, as educational establishment would be schools, universities, etc.

5. "any large organization" - This is very broad and could fit.

6. "(ecology) the process by which a plant or animal becomes established in a new habitat" - This doesn't fit at all.

7. "the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof" - This doesn't fit.

Looking at the context, "educational establishment" refers to the educational institutions/organizations collectively - the system, the organizations, the infrastructure. This best matches sense 4, which specifically mentions "educational" in parentheses and includes buildings and equipment for the purpose. But it could also match sense 5 (any large organization) or sense 2 (organization founded for a specific purpose).

However, sense 4 is the most specific and includes "educational" as an example, making it the best match. The "establishment" here refers to the institutional structures that exist for education.
The phrase "educational establishment" commonly encompasses both the institutional infrastructure and the administrative personnel running it. While sense 3 captures the administrative component and sense 5 is broadly applicable, sense 4 stands out as the most precise fit since it explicitly lists "educational" as an example and encompasses the full scope of schools, universities, and their physical infrastructure.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "politician" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our <t>politicians</t>, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=a leader engaged in civil administration
2. definition=a person active in party politics
3. definition=a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways

reasoning_content:
Looking at the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

The sentence is listing things that are dominated by "these beliefs": educational establishment, media, politicians, and parents.

In this context, "politicians" refers to people who are engaged in government/politics as their primary role or profession. The sentence is saying that these shared beliefs dominate these institutions/groups.

Let me consider each sense:

1. "a leader engaged in civil administration" - This could fit. Politicians are leaders in civil administration (government).

2. "a person active in party politics" - This could also fit. Politicians are typically active in party politics.

3. "a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways" - This has a negative connotation that doesn't seem to be what's intended here. The sentence isn't making a judgment about politicians being schemers; it's just saying they are dominated by these beliefs.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate - it's referring to politicians as leaders in government/civil administration, which is the straightforward, non-pejorative use of the term. Sense 2 is also possible, but sense 1 is more general and comprehensive.

I think the answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "even" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and <t>even</t> our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected | examples=even an idiot knows that
2. definition=in spite of; notwithstanding | examples=even when he is sick, he works
3. definition=to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons | examples=looked sick and felt even worse
4. definition=to the full extent | examples=loyal even unto death

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence and the usage of "even" in it:

"These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

In this sentence, "even" is used to emphasize that the beliefs dominate not just the educational establishment, media, and politicians, but also extends to include parents - which might be considered unexpected or surprising because parents are traditionally thought to be independent from such institutions.

Let me check each sense:

1. "used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected" - This fits. The use of "even" here emphasizes that the beliefs extend to include "our parents," which is unexpected or notable. This is similar to the example "even an idiot knows that."

2. "in spite of; notwithstanding" - This doesn't fit the sentence. The sentence doesn't express a contrast in the sense of "despite" or "although."

3. "to a greater degree or extent; used with comparisons" - This doesn't fit. There's no comparison being made here.

4. "to the full extent" - This doesn't fit the sentence.

The correct answer is sense 1, as "even" is used as an intensive to indicate something unexpected or to emphasize the inclusion of "parents" in addition to other institutions.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "parent" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our <t>parents</t> that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our <t>parents</t> that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

In this sentence, "parents" refers to fathers and mothers - human guardians who raise children in an educational/family context. The sentence is listing institutions and people (educational establishment, media, politicians, parents) that influence or dominate certain beliefs.

Looking at the two definitions:
1. "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian" - This matches the usage in the sentence perfectly.

2. "an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained" - This would be a biological definition used in the context of reproduction of organisms in general (including plants and animals), not the human social role being referenced here.

The answer is clearly sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "seem" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it <t>seems</t> almost blasphemous to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect | examples=She seems to be sleeping
2. definition=seem to be true, probable, or apparent | examples=It seems that he is very gifted
3. definition=appear to exist | examples=There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now
4. definition=appear to one's own mind or opinion | examples=I seem to be misunderstood by everyone

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

The word "seems" is used here to mean "appears to be true" or "appears to be the case."

Let me examine each sense:

1. "give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect" - "She seems to be sleeping" - This is about how someone appears to be doing something.

2. "seem to be true, probable, or apparent" - "It seems that he is very gifted" - This is about something appearing to be true or probable.

3. "appear to exist" - "There seems no reason to go ahead with the project now" - This is about something appearing to exist.

4. "appear to one's own mind or opinion" - "I seem to be misunderstood by everyone" - This is about how something appears from one's own perspective.

In the sentence "it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them," the word "seems" means that it appears to be true or probable that challenging these beliefs would be blasphemous. This matches sense 2: "seem to be true, probable, or apparent."

The structure is similar to "It seems that he is very gifted" - both use "it seems" followed by an adjective or characteristic being attributed.

The answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "blasphemous" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost <t>blasphemous</t> to challenge them.

Senses:
1. definition=grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred | examples=blasphemous rites of a witches' Sabbath
2. definition=characterized by profanity or cursing | examples=foul-mouthed and blasphemous

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "blasphemous" is being used.

The sentence is: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

The two senses are:
1. "grossly irreverent toward what is held to be sacred" - with example "blasphemous rites of a witches' Sabbath"
2. "characterized by profanity or cursing" - with example "foul-mouthed and blasphemous"

In the sentence, "blasphemous" is used metaphorically to describe the act of challenging certain widely-held beliefs. The speaker is saying that these beliefs are so dominant and accepted that challenging them seems almost blasphemous - meaning it seems like a grave violation or irreverence toward something sacred.

This is NOT about actual profanity or cursing (sense 2), but rather about showing disrespect toward something that is held sacred or deeply valued (sense 1). The beliefs themselves are treated as if they were sacred or inviolable, so challenging them would be "blasphemous" in the sense of being irreverent toward what is held sacred.

The answer is sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "challenge" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to <t>challenge</t> them.

Senses:
1. definition=take exception to | examples=She challenged his claims
2. definition=issue a challenge to | examples=Fischer challenged Spassky to a match
3. definition=ask for identification | examples=The illegal immigrant was challenged by the border guard
4. definition=raise a formal objection in a court of law

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "These beliefs so dominate our educational establishment, our media, our politicians, and even our parents that it seems almost blasphemous to challenge them."

In this context, "challenge" means to question or dispute something - in this case, the dominant beliefs. The person is saying it would be blasphemous to question or take exception to these beliefs.

Let me look at each sense:

1. "take exception to" - This means to object to, dispute, or disagree with something. In the sentence, challenging the beliefs means to question them or disagree with them. This fits perfectly.

2. "issue a challenge to" - This would mean to challenge someone to a duel, match, or competition. The sentence doesn't have this meaning.

3. "ask for identification" - This is about demanding proof of identity. The sentence doesn't fit this meaning.

4. "raise a formal objection in a court of law" - This is a legal term. The sentence is not about a legal proceeding.

The correct sense is #1 - "take exception to" - because the sentence means it would be blasphemous to question or dispute these beliefs.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "here" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: <t>Here</t> is an example.

Senses:
1. definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here
2. definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?
3. definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | examples=come here, please
4. definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

raw_output:
2

In the sentence "Here is an example," "here" is used to introduce or present something in this particular context or respect, which corresponds to sense 2 ("in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail").

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence "Here is an example."

In this sentence, "here" is introducing or presenting something. The speaker is saying that what follows (an example) is being presented or introduced in this context.

Let me check each sense:

1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - This would mean the example is physically at the location of the speaker. While technically one could interpret it this way, this doesn't seem to be the primary meaning here.

2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - This means in this matter, context, or respect. The example is being presented or introduced in this circumstance/context.

3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - This is about movement toward the speaker, which doesn't fit "Here is an example."

4. "at this time; now" - This is about temporal reference, which doesn't fit here.

The sentence "Here is an example" is using "here" in the sense of introducing or presenting something. Looking at sense 2 more carefully: "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" with the example "what do we have here?" - this seems similar in that it's referring to this particular matter or context.

Actually, sense 2 seems like it's about "what is the situation here?" or "in this respect/matter." The sentence "Here is an example" is similarly using "here" to mean "in this context" or "on this point" - presenting an example to illustrate a point.

I believe the answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "here" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: <t>Here</t> is an example.

Senses:
1. definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here
2. definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?
3. definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | examples=come here, please
4. definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

[Assistant]
2

In the sentence "Here is an example," "here" is used to introduce or present something in this particular context or respect, which corresponds to sense 2 ("in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail").

[User] Your previous answer was invalid. Choose one candidate index between 1 and 4. Return only the integer.

reasoning_content:
Let me reconsider the sentence "Here is an example."

Looking at the senses again:
1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - examples: I work here
2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - examples: what do we have here?
3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - examples: come here, please
4. "at this time; now" - examples: we'll adjourn here for lunch...

In "Here is an example," the word "here" is being used to present or point to something. It's similar to "what do we have here?" which is sense 2. However, let me think about this more carefully.

Actually, "Here is an example" is using "here" in a presentational sense - it's directing attention to what follows. This is most similar to sense 2, which is about "in this circumstance or respect" - like when you say "what do we have here?" you're pointing to something in a particular context.

But wait, the user said my previous answer of "2" was invalid. Let me reconsider.

Looking at sense 1: "in or at this place" - but "Here is an example" isn't necessarily about a physical place.

Actually, "Here is an example" could be interpreted as sense 1 in a more abstract way - "here" refers to this location in the discourse/document/conversation, which is still "where the speaker or writer is" in a broader sense.

Let me go with 1 as that seems like the most basic, direct use.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "example" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: Here is an <t>example</t>.

Senses:
1. definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome
2. definition=a representative form or pattern | examples=I profited from his example
3. definition=something to be imitated | examples=an exemplar of success
4. definition=punishment intended as a warning to others | examples=they decided to make an example of him
5. definition=an occurrence of something | examples=it was a case of bad judgment
6. definition=a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding | examples=you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence "Here is an example." to determine which sense of "example" is being used.

The sentence is very simple and generic - it's just presenting something as an example without giving much specific context. Let me think about what each sense means:

1. An item of information that is typical of a class or group - this could fit
2. A representative form or pattern - this could fit
3. Something to be imitated - this seems more specific, requires intention to imitate
4. Punishment intended as a warning - clearly doesn't fit this generic sentence
5. An occurrence of something - this could fit
6. A task performed to develop skill or understanding - this doesn't seem to fit unless they're about to show a textbook exercise

The sentence "Here is an example" is the most general, neutral use of the word "example." It's essentially saying "here is something that illustrates or demonstrates a point" - this is the most basic, typical use of the word.

Looking at the definitions:
- Sense 1 is about something being typical of a class or group
- Sense 6 is specifically about textbook exercises/problems

The most general and neutral meaning would be sense 1 - "an item of information that is typical of a class or group." This is the broadest definition and would cover the most basic use of "example."

Actually, thinking more carefully, all of these could work with such a generic sentence. But sense 1 seems to be the most basic and commonly used sense of "example" - something that illustrates or demonstrates what you're talking about by being typical of that thing.

I think the answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "ask" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to <t>ask</t> a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=inquire about | examples=I asked about their special today
2. definition=make a request or demand for something to somebody | examples=She asked him for a loan
3. definition=direct or put; seek an answer to | examples=ask a question
4. definition=consider obligatory; request and expect | examples=We require our secretary to be on time
5. definition=address a question to and expect an answer from | examples=Ask your teacher about trigonometry
6. definition=require as useful, just, or proper | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did
7. definition=require or ask for as a price or condition | examples=He is asking $200 for the table

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

In this sentence, "ask" is being used to mean: to direct or put a question to someone and expect an answer from them. The speaker is asking American parents a question.

Let me look at each sense:

1. "inquire about" - This would be like "I asked about their special today" - not quite the same, this is more general inquiry
2. "make a request or demand for something to somebody" - This is requesting something, not asking a question
3. "direct or put; seek an answer to" - This seems to fit. The speaker is directing a question to the parents and seeking an answer
4. "consider obligatory; request and expect" - This doesn't fit
5. "address a question to and expect an answer from" - This also seems to fit. The speaker is addressing a question to American parents
6. "require as useful, just, or proper" - This doesn't fit
7. "require or ask for as a price or condition" - This doesn't fit

Between 3 and 5, they're very similar. Looking at the examples:
- Sense 3: "ask a question" - This is exactly what's happening in the sentence
- Sense 5: "Ask your teacher about trigonometry" - This is also asking a question of someone

Both 3 and 5 seem applicable. However, sense 3 is more directly about asking a question ("ask a question" is the example), while sense 5 is about addressing a question to someone specifically.

Given the sentence structure "ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish...?'" - this is both asking a question (sense 3) and addressing it to specific people (sense 5).

Looking more carefully at the definitions and examples, sense 5 "address a question to and expect an answer from" with example "Ask your teacher about trigonometry" seems most appropriate because it involves addressing the question to specific people and expecting an answer, which is exactly what's happening in the sentence.
Reconsidering the examples more directly, sense 3 with "ask a question" as its example is the most straightforward match since that's precisely the action occurring in the sentence.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "sample" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a <t>sample</t> of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=a small part of something intended as representative of the whole
2. definition=items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population
3. definition=all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "sample" is being used.

The sentence is: "If I were to ask a <t>sample</t> of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

Let me look at each sense:

1. "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole" - This means a small group or portion that represents the larger group. In the sentence, "a sample of American parents" refers to a small group of American parents selected to represent all American parents.

2. "items selected at random from a population and used to test hypotheses about the population" - This is more specific and technical, referring to a statistically selected group used in research/testing.

3. "all or part of a natural object that is collected and preserved as an example of its class" - This refers to physical specimens, like a rock sample or blood sample.

In the sentence, the author is talking about asking a group of American parents (not a random statistical sample necessarily, but a representative group) about their views. The phrase "a sample of American parents" means a small group of parents that would be representative of American parents in general.

This fits best with sense 1: "a small part of something intended as representative of the whole." While it could also fit sense 2 (statistically selected), sense 1 is the more general definition that encompasses this usage.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "american" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a sample of <t>American</t> parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture | examples=American citizens
2. definition=of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas | examples=the American hemisphere

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this sentence to determine which sense of "American" is being used.

The sentence reads: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents..."

In this context, "American parents" refers to parents from the United States of America. The sentence is talking about parents within the US context, discussing their views on elementary schools (which in American context refers to US schools).

Let me check the two definitions:

1. "of or relating to the United States of America or its people or language or culture" - This fits because the parents are from the US, and the context is about US elementary schools and US culture regarding education.

2. "of or relating to or characteristic of the continents and islands of the Americas" - This is broader and refers to the Americas in general (North and South America, Caribbean, etc.). This doesn't fit because the sentence is specifically about the United States.

The answer is clearly sense 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "parent" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a sample of American <t>parents</t>, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

reasoning_content:
The sentence is asking about American "parents" and their wishes regarding elementary schools encouraging creativity in their children.

In this context, "parents" refers to fathers and mothers - people who are raising children. This is clearly sense 1, which defines a parent as "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian."

Sense 2 is about organisms (plants or animals) that produce younger ones, which is not the intended meaning in this sentence.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "encourage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to <t>encourage</t> creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=contribute to the progress or growth of | examples=I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom
2. definition=inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
3. definition=spur on | examples=His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "encourage" is being used:

"If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to <t>encourage</t> creativity in your children?' the near-unanimous answer would be, 'Yes, of course.'"

The sentence is asking about schools encouraging creativity in children. This means fostering, promoting, or contributing to the development of creativity.

Let me check each sense:

1. "contribute to the progress or growth of" - This fits well. The schools would be contributing to the progress/growth of creativity in the children.

2. "inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to" - This could potentially fit if we interpret it as giving children confidence to be creative, but it's not the primary meaning in this context.

3. "spur on" - This is similar to sense 1, meaning to motivate or prompt toward something. It could fit as well.

Looking more carefully at the definition:
- Sense 1: "contribute to the progress or growth of" - This is about fostering development of something (creativity)
- Sense 3: "spur on" - This is about motivating someone to do something or pursue something

The example for sense 1 is "I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom" - which is about encouraging/promoting a practice or skill.

The example for sense 3 is "His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife" - which is about being motivated to pursue a goal.

In the sentence, schools are being asked to encourage (foster, promote) creativity - the skill itself. This aligns best with sense 1: "contribute to the progress or growth of."

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "child" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your <t>children</t>? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=a young person of either sex | examples=she writes books for children
2. definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | examples=they had three children
3. definition=an immature childish person | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived
4. definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "child" is being used.

The sentence is: "If I were to ask a sample of American parents, 'Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?'"

The context is:
- We're talking about elementary schools
- Parents are being asked about encouraging creativity
- They're referring to "your children" in the context of elementary school

Let me look at each sense:

1. "a young person of either sex" - This typically refers to young people, and the example "she writes books for children" suggests young people. The context of elementary schools would fit this sense.

2. "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - This is about the parent-child relationship regardless of age. The example "they had three children" could be at any age.

3. "an immature childish person" - This doesn't fit the context at all.

4. "a member of a clan or tribe" - This doesn't fit the context.

Looking at the context more carefully: "elementary schools" strongly suggests young children. The parents are being asked about what the elementary schools should encourage in their children. This would typically refer to young children attending elementary school.

Sense 1 is about "young person" which fits the context of elementary schools.
Sense 2 is about "human offspring" which could be any age, but would typically be used more generally for biological relationships.

Given that the sentence is specifically about elementary schools, the children being referred to would be young children. Sense 1 seems most appropriate.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "answer" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous <t>answer</t> would be, "Yes, of course. "

Senses:
1. definition=a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation | examples=I waited several days for his answer
2. definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution
3. definition=the speech act of replying to a question
4. definition=the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint; in criminal law it consists of the defendant's plea of `guilty' or `not guilty' (or nolo contendere); in civil law it must contain denials of all allegations in the plaintiff's complaint that the defendant hopes to controvert and it can contain affirmative defenses or counterclaims
5. definition=a nonverbal reaction | examples=his answer to any problem was to get drunk

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to understand which sense of "answer" is being used:

"If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children?" the near-unanimous <t>answer</t> would be, "Yes, of course.""

Here, the "answer" refers to what the parents would say in response to the question about whether they want schools to encourage creativity.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation" - This fits perfectly. The parents' "Yes, of course" is a statement made to reply to the question asked.

2. "a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem" - This doesn't fit. "Yes, of course" isn't solving a problem; it's just responding to a question.

3. "the speech act of replying to a question" - This is the act of replying itself, more abstract. While related, sense 1 is more specific about what the answer IS (a statement).

4. "the principal pleading by the defendant in response to plaintiff's complaint..." - This is legal terminology and doesn't apply here.

5. "a nonverbal reaction" - The answer given is verbal ("Yes, of course"), not nonverbal.

The best fit is sense 1, which describes a statement made in reply to a question.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "mean" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: But what do we <t>mean</t>, specifically, by "creativity "?

Senses:
1. definition=mean or intend to express or convey | examples=You never understand what I mean!
2. definition=have as a logical consequence | examples=The water shortage means that we have to stop taking long showers
3. definition=denote or connote | examples=`maison' means `house' in French
4. definition=have in mind as a purpose | examples=I mean no harm
5. definition=have a specified degree of importance | examples=My ex-husband means nothing to me
6. definition=intend to refer to | examples=I'm thinking of good food when I talk about France
7. definition=destine or designate for a certain purpose | examples=These flowers were meant for you

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "But what do we <t>mean</t>, specifically, by "creativity"?"

The question is asking what the speaker/writer intends to express or convey by the word "creativity". It's asking for clarification about what is meant by that term.

Let me look at each sense:

1. "mean or intend to express or convey" - This seems to fit. The speaker is asking what they mean/intend to express by "creativity".

2. "have as a logical consequence" - No, this doesn't fit the context.

3. "denote or connote" - This could potentially work, as they're asking what "creativity" denotes or means, but this is more about linguistic meaning.

4. "have in mind as a purpose" - Not really, the question isn't about purpose.

5. "have a specified degree of importance" - No, this doesn't fit.

6. "intend to refer to" - This could also fit, asking what they intend to refer to when using the word "creativity".

7. "destine or designate for a certain purpose" - No, this doesn't fit.

The core meaning here is about expressing or conveying - "what do we mean by this term" is asking for clarification of expression. This matches sense 1 best: "mean or intend to express or convey" with the example "You never understand what I mean!"

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "one" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: No <t>one</t> can say.

Senses:
1. definition=the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number | examples=he has the one but will need a two and three to go with it
2. definition=a single person or thing | examples=he is the best one

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence "No one can say" to determine which sense of "one" is being used.

In this sentence, "one" is part of the phrase "no one," which means "nobody" or "not a single person."

Let me check each sense:

1. "the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number" - This would be referring to the number 1, as in counting. The example shows "he has the one but will need a two and three" - this is clearly the numeral meaning.

2. "a single person or thing" - This means one individual person or thing. In the phrase "no one," it means "no single person" or "nobody."

In the sentence "No one can say," the "one" is used to mean "a single person" - it's saying that no single person can say (it). This matches sense 2.

The answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "equate" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In practice, it ends up being <t>equated</t> with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "

Senses:
1. definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans
2. definition=be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics
3. definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence and match it with the correct sense of "equate."

The sentence is: "In practice, it ends up being equated with a 'self-expression' that encourages the youngsters' 'self-esteem.'"

Let me break down what's happening here:
- Something is "being equated with" something else
- It's being equated with "self-expression"
- This suggests treating one thing as similar or the same as another

Now let's look at the senses:

1. "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" - This is about treating things as similar or equal. The example "We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans" shows comparing/treating as analogous.

2. "be equivalent or parallel, in mathematics" - This is specifically about mathematics.

3. "make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching" - This is about making things equal or corresponding.

In the sentence, something is being equated with "self-expression." This means it's being treated as equivalent to or considered as the same as "self-expression." This matches sense 1 - considering or describing as similar, equal, or analogous. The usage "equated with" clearly shows treating one thing as equivalent to another.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "encourage" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that <t>encourages</t> the youngsters' "self-esteem. "

Senses:
1. definition=contribute to the progress or growth of | examples=I am promoting the use of computers in the classroom
2. definition=inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to
3. definition=spur on | examples=His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence and the senses of "encourage" provided.

Sentence: "In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that <t>encourages</t> the youngsters' "self-esteem. ""

The context is that self-expression encourages (or promotes/fosters) the youngsters' self-esteem.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "contribute to the progress or growth of" - This is about promoting growth or development. This could fit because encouraging self-esteem could be seen as contributing to its growth/development.

2. "inspire with confidence; give hope or courage to" - This is more about giving someone confidence or courage. While related, this would be more directly about encouraging the youngsters themselves, not their self-esteem.

3. "spur on" - This means to urge forward or motivate. The example shows "His financial success encouraged him to look for a wife" - meaning it prompted/motivated him to do something.

Looking at the sentence more carefully: self-expression "encourages" self-esteem.

Sense 1 talks about "contribute to the progress or growth of" - this seems to fit best because self-expression is contributing to the growth/development of the youngsters' self-esteem.

Sense 3 "spur on" could also work - self-expression spurs on self-esteem.

But sense 1 seems more appropriate because it's about contributing to growth, which is what encouraging self-esteem would mean.

I think the answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "result" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The <t>result</t> is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon | examples=the magnetic effect was greater when the rod was lengthwise
2. definition=a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem | examples=they were trying to find a peaceful solution
3. definition=something that results | examples=he listened for the results on the radio
4. definition=the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

I need to determine what "result" means in this context. Let me look at each sense:

1. "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" - This means something that is caused by or follows from something else. In the sentence, "result" refers to something that came about as a consequence of something (some previous event/phenomenon mentioned earlier in the discourse).

2. "a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem" - This is about a solution to a problem. The sentence doesn't present the result as explaining how to solve something.

3. "something that results" - This is a more general definition meaning something that is produced or comes about as a consequence.

4. "the semantic role of the noun phrase whose referent exists only by virtue of the activity denoted by the verb in the clause" - This is a very specific linguistic/grammatical definition that doesn't apply here.

In the sentence, "result" means something that came about or was produced as a consequence of something preceding it. The "generation of young people" is presented as what resulted from some previous cause.

This best matches sense 1 - "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon" - as it emphasizes the causal relationship and that something follows from something else.

Alternatively, sense 3 "something that results" is also close, but sense 1 is more specific in capturing the causal nature of what a result is.

I think sense 1 is the most appropriate answer.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "generation" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a <t>generation</t> of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age
2. definition=group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent
3. definition=the normal time between successive generations | examples=they had to wait a generation for that prejudice to fade
4. definition=a stage of technological development or innovation | examples=the third generation of computers
5. definition=a coming into being
6. definition=the production of heat or electricity | examples=dams were built for the generation of electricity
7. definition=the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "generation" is being used:

"The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

In this context, "generation" refers to a group of young people who are roughly the same age living at the same time. The phrase "generation of young people" describes a cohort of people defined by their age/era.

Let me check each definition:

1. "all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age" - This fits perfectly. The sentence is talking about a group of young people living at the same time.

2. "group of genetically related organisms constituting a single step in the line of descent" - This is biological/genealogical, doesn't fit.

3. "the normal time between successive generations" - This is about time duration, doesn't fit.

4. "a stage of technological development or innovation" - This is about technology, doesn't fit.

5. "a coming into being" - Too vague and doesn't fit the context.

6. "the production of heat or electricity" - This is about energy production, doesn't fit.

7. "the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production" - This is about reproduction, doesn't fit.

The answer is clearly 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "young" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of <t>young</t> people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth | examples=young people
2. definition=(of crops) harvested at an early stage of development; before complete maturity | examples=new potatoes
3. definition=suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh | examples=he is young for his age
4. definition=being in its early stage | examples=a young industry
5. definition=not tried or tested by experience | examples=unseasoned artillery volunteers

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

The key phrase is "young people" - the sentence is describing people in an early period of life or development.

Let me check each sense:

1. "used of living things especially persons in an early period of life or development or growth" with example "young people" - This matches perfectly. The sentence uses "young people" and sense 1 has this exact example.

2. "of crops harvested at an early stage of development" - Not applicable, we're talking about people, not crops.

3. "suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh" - Not the primary meaning here. The sentence is not saying these people are vigorous or fresh; it's describing them as being in an early period of life.

4. "being in its early stage" - This could apply to something that is developing, but the sentence explicitly says "young people," not "a young thing" or "a young entity."

5. "not tried or tested by experience" - This could be implied by "ignorance" but it's not the primary sense being used.

The correct answer is sense 1, as it specifically describes people in an early period of life and even has "young people" as an example.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "people" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young <t>people</t> whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively | examples=old people
2. definition=the body of citizens of a state or country | examples=the Spanish people
3. definition=members of a family line | examples=his people have been farmers for generations
4. definition=the common people generally | examples=separate the warriors from the mass

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young <t>people</t> whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

The sentence is referring to a group of young human beings collectively - specifically a generation of them. It's not referring to:
- A state or country's citizens (sense 2)
- Members of a family line (sense 3)
- The common people/masses in contrast to elites (sense 4)

It's simply referring to a collective group of young human beings. This matches sense 1: "definition=(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively" with the example "old people" showing how "people" is used to refer to a group.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "incompetence" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual <t>incompetence</t> is matched only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=lack of physical or intellectual ability or qualifications
2. definition=inability of a part or organ to function properly

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "incompetence" is being used.

The sentence is: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual <t>incompetence</t> is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

The context here is discussing young people's "ignorance and intellectual incompetence" - this is clearly referring to a lack of intellectual ability or qualifications. The phrase "ignorance and intellectual incompetence" is describing their mental/intellectual shortcomings.

Let me check the two senses:
1. "lack of physical or intellectual ability or qualifications" - This matches the usage in the sentence. The sentence is talking about intellectual incompetence as a lack of intellectual ability.

2. "inability of a part or organ to function properly" - This is a medical/physiological sense, referring to body parts or organs not functioning correctly. This doesn't apply to the sentence since we're not talking about a body part or organ.

The correct sense is #1, which refers to lack of intellectual ability, and that's exactly what's being discussed in the sentence about young people's intellectual incompetence.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "match" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is <t>matched</t> only by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics | examples=The two stories don't agree in many details
2. definition=provide funds complementary to | examples=The company matched the employees' contributions
3. definition=bring two objects, ideas, or people together | examples=This fact is coupled to the other one
4. definition=be equal to in quality or ability | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability
5. definition=make correspond or harmonize | examples=Match my sweater
6. definition=satisfy or fulfill | examples=meet a need
7. definition=give or join in marriage
8. definition=set into opposition or rivalry | examples=let them match their best athletes against ours
9. definition=be equal or harmonize | examples=The two pieces match
10. definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves."

This sentence is saying that their ignorance and intellectual incompetence is equaled only by their good opinion of themselves. In other words, their good opinion of themselves is as great/substantial as their ignorance and incompetence.

Let me look at the senses:

1. be compatible, similar or consistent - not quite right
2. provide funds complementary to - not relevant
3. bring two objects, ideas, or people together - not quite
4. be equal to in quality or ability - this could work, as "matched only by" means "equaled only by"
5. make correspond or harmonize - not quite
6. satisfy or fulfill - no
7. give or join in marriage - no
8. set into opposition or rivalry - not quite
9. be equal or harmonize - this could work, similar to 4
10. make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching - this could work

The phrase "matched only by" means "equaled only by" - it's expressing that their good opinion of themselves is the only thing that equals their ignorance and incompetence in magnitude.

This is closest to sense 4: "be equal to in quality or ability" with the example "Nothing can rival cotton for durability" - which means nothing equals cotton for durability.

Or sense 9: "be equal or harmonize" with example "The two pieces match" - but this is more about physical matching.

Actually, sense 4 seems most appropriate: "be equal to in quality or ability" - the good opinion matches (equals) the ignorance in degree.

I think the answer is 4.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "only" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched <t>only</t> by their good opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=and nothing more | examples=I was merely asking
2. definition=without any others being included or involved | examples=was entirely to blame
3. definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead
4. definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. definition=never except when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched <t>only</t> by their good opinion of themselves."

The word "only" here means that the ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched by nothing except their good opinion of themselves. In other words, their good opinion of themselves is the sole thing that matches their ignorance and incompetence.

Let me check each sense:

1. "and nothing more" - This doesn't quite fit. "only" is not used as "and nothing more" here.

2. "without any others being included or involved" - This fits! The ignorance and incompetence is matched by their good opinion of themselves ONLY, meaning no other factors are equally significant. Only their good opinion matches it.

3. "with nevertheless the final result" - This doesn't fit. This is about a result that occurs contrary to expectation.

4. "in the final outcome" - This doesn't fit. There's no final outcome meaning here.

5. "except that" - This doesn't fit contextually.

6. "never except when" - This doesn't fit. There's no conditional meaning.

7. "as recently as" - This doesn't fit. There's no time reference.

The correct sense is #2: "without any others being included or involved" - meaning their good opinion of themselves is the only thing that matches their ignorance and incompetence.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "good" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their <t>good</t> opinion of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified | examples=good news from the hospital
2. definition=having the normally expected amount | examples=gives full measure
3. definition=morally admirable
4. definition=deserving of esteem and respect | examples=all respectable companies give guarantees
5. definition=promoting or enhancing well-being | examples=an arms limitation agreement beneficial to all countries
6. definition=agreeable or pleasing | examples=we all had a good time
7. definition=of moral excellence | examples=a genuinely good person
8. definition=having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude | examples=adept in handicrafts
9. definition=thorough | examples=had a good workout
10. definition=with or in a close or intimate relationship | examples=a good friend
11. definition=financially sound | examples=a good investment
12. definition=most suitable or right for a particular purpose | examples=a good time to plant tomatoes
13. definition=resulting favorably | examples=it's a good thing that I wasn't there
14. definition=exerting force or influence | examples=the law is effective immediately
15. definition=capable of pleasing | examples=good looks
16. definition=appealing to the mind | examples=good music
17. definition=in excellent physical condition | examples=good teeth
18. definition=tending to promote physical well-being; beneficial to health | examples=beneficial effects of a balanced diet
19. definition=not forged | examples=a good dollar bill
20. definition=not left to spoil | examples=the meat is still good
21. definition=generally admired | examples=good taste

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their <t>good</t> opinion of themselves."

The context here is describing young people who have ignorance and intellectual incompetence, but have a "good" opinion of themselves. This is being used ironically or sarcastically - the "good" opinion is negative in the context (they have an inflated, unwarranted sense of themselves despite their incompetence).

Let me look at what "good opinion of themselves" means:
- It's referring to a favorable/positive assessment they have of themselves
- Despite being ignorant and incompetent, they think highly of themselves
- This is a positive self-regard or favorable view

Looking at the senses:
1. desirable/positive qualities - could fit
3. morally admirable - doesn't fit
4. deserving of esteem and respect - doesn't fit exactly
5. promoting well-being - doesn't fit
6. agreeable or pleasing - doesn't fit
7. moral excellence - doesn't fit
8. having knowledge and skill - doesn't fit
10. close relationship - doesn't fit
13. resulting favorably - doesn't fit
15. capable of pleasing - doesn't fit
21. generally admired - this could fit

The phrase "good opinion of themselves" means they have a favorable or positive view of themselves. This fits with sense 1 "having desirable or positive qualities" or sense 4 "deserving of esteem and respect" - in the sense that they view themselves as worthy of respect/esteem.

Actually, "good opinion" typically means a favorable assessment. Sense 4 says "deserving of esteem and respect" which matches - they have a good (favorable/deserving) opinion of themselves.

But looking more carefully, sense 1 about "having desirable or positive qualities" - when we say someone has a "good opinion of themselves," we mean they view themselves as having positive qualities.
Sense 4 fits best here—they regard themselves as worthy of esteem and respect, even though their incompetence contradicts this self-assessment.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "opinion" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good <t>opinion</t> of themselves.

Senses:
1. definition=a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty | examples=my opinion differs from yours
2. definition=a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof | examples=his opinions appeared frequently on the editorial page
3. definition=a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people | examples=he asked for a poll of public opinion
4. definition=the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision | examples=opinions are usually written by a single judge
5. definition=the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself)
6. definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | examples=his impression of her was favorable

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence: "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good <t>opinion</t> of themselves."

Here, "good opinion of themselves" refers to a favorable view or positive belief they have about themselves. It's a personal belief or judgment about themselves.

Let me check each sense:

1. "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty" - This fits. They have a positive belief/judgment about themselves that is not based on proof (since the sentence says their ignorance and incompetence contradicts this good opinion).

2. "a message expressing a belief about something; the expression of a belief that is held with confidence but not substantiated by positive knowledge or proof" - This is more about expressing or communicating a belief, not just holding one.

3. "a belief or sentiment shared by most people; the voice of the people" - This is about collective opinion, not a personal one. Doesn't fit.

4. "the legal document stating the reasons for a judicial decision" - Clearly not relevant.

5. "the reason for a court's judgment" - Not relevant.

6. "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" - This could work, but sense 1 is more direct.

The sentence is using "opinion" in the sense of a personal belief or judgment they hold about themselves. Sense 1 is the best match: "a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty" - which perfectly describes their inflated view of themselves that is contradicted by their actual incompetence.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "whole" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The <t>whole</t> notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete | examples=gave his whole attention
2. definition=(of siblings) having the same parents | examples=whole brothers and sisters
3. definition=not injured
4. definition=exhibiting or restored to vigorous good health | examples=hale and hearty
5. definition=acting together as a single undiversified whole | examples=a solid voting bloc

reasoning_content:
The sentence uses "whole" in the phrase "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education..."

Let me analyze what "whole" means here:
- It's describing the notion of creativity in education
- It means the entire, complete notion, including all aspects of it
- It's not about siblings (sense 2)
- It's not about physical injury (sense 3)
- It's not about health (sense 4)
- It's not about acting together as a single unit (sense 5)

The meaning here is "including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete"

This matches sense 1: "including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete" with the example "gave his whole attention"

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "notion" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole <t>notion</t> of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=a vague idea in which some confidence is placed | examples=his impression of her was favorable
2. definition=a general inclusive concept
3. definition=an odd or fanciful or capricious idea | examples=the theatrical notion of disguise is associated with disaster in his stories
4. definition=(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items | examples=buttons and needles are notions

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the usage of "notion" in the sentence.

The sentence reads: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction..."

Now let me examine what "notion" means here:

1. "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed" - This seems close. The sentence is talking about the idea/concept of creativity in education, and the speaker is expressing confidence in discussing it as part of the romantic rebellion.

2. "a general inclusive concept" - This could also fit, as "creativity in education" is indeed a general concept being discussed.

3. "an odd or fanciful or capricious idea" - This could partially fit given the context about "romantic rebellion," but it's not the primary meaning being used.

4. "small personal articles" - This doesn't fit at all in this context.

The key is to determine if "notion" here means:
- A vague idea with some confidence (sense 1)
- A general concept (sense 2)
- An odd/fanciful idea (sense 3)

In the sentence, "notion" refers to the concept/idea of "creativity in education" - it's the topic being discussed. The speaker is treating this as a general concept that emerged as part of romantic rebellion.

Given the context, sense 2 (a general inclusive concept) seems most appropriate, as "creativity in education" is being presented as a general concept/idea that was part of a broader movement.

However, sense 1 could also work since it describes "a vague idea in which some confidence is placed."

I think sense 1 is more likely the intended answer, as it captures both the "vagueness" of the concept and the confidence with which the speaker discusses it as part of the romantic rebellion against authoritarian instruction.

Actually, re-reading more carefully, sense 2 "a general inclusive concept" fits best - the sentence is discussing creativity in education as a general concept/idea.
The distinction comes down to whether "notion" emphasizes the vagueness and personal conviction behind the idea, or its status as a broad, overarching concept. Given how the speaker presents "creativity in education" as an established movement rather than a personal whim, sense 1 better captures the intended meaning—a somewhat indefinite idea held with conviction.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "education" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in <t>education</t> was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | examples=he received no formal education
2. definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life
4. definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "education" is being used.

The sentence reads: "The whole notion of 'creativity' in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

The context here is discussing:
- The concept of creativity in education
- A romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction
- How authoritarian instruction was seen as repressing talents and potentialities in children

This is clearly talking about education as the activities, practices, and systems of teaching and learning. The sentence is discussing the philosophy and approach to education - specifically how creativity fits into the educational process and philosophy.

Let me check each sense:

1. "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - This fits well. The sentence is talking about education as the system of activities and instruction.

2. "knowledge acquired by learning and instruction" - This could fit but less directly

3. "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" - This could fit

4. "the profession of teaching" - Not the focus here

5. "the result of good upbringing" - Not the focus here

6. "the United States federal department..." - Clearly not

The most precise match is sense 1, as the sentence is discussing education in terms of the activities and practices of instructing, particularly in the context of how creativity relates to instruction and teaching methods.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "romantic" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a <t>romantic</t> rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | examples=romantic poetry
2. definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | examples=her amatory affairs
3. definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "romantic" is being used.

The sentence discusses "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" - characterizing this rebellion as rejecting "authoritarian" approaches and instead emphasizing the unleashing of children's "latent talents" and "potentialities."

Let me look at each sense:

1. "belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts" - This relates to the historical Romantic Movement, which emphasized emotion, nature, individualism, and imagination over reason and discipline. The rebellion against "disciplined instruction" in favor of unleashing children's potential talents does align with Romantic Movement principles.

2. "expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance" - This is clearly not about romantic love or sexual relations, so this doesn't fit.

3. "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic" - This could potentially fit as the sentence describes an idealistic view about education that may not be practical, but it's more about being unrealistic in general rather than the Romantic sense.

The context strongly suggests sense 1, as this is discussing the Romantic Movement's influence on educational philosophy - the rebellion against strict, disciplined instruction in favor of nurturing individual potential is a hallmark of Romantic thought and the Romantic Movement's philosophy.

The answer is 1.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "rebellion" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic <t>rebellion</t> against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=refusal to accept some authority or code or convention | examples=each generation must have its own rebellion
2. definition=organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "rebellion" is being used.

The sentence reads: "The whole notion of "creativity" in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian," a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."

Let me examine each sense:

1. "refusal to accept some authority or code or convention" - This refers to a general refusal or resistance to accepting established rules, customs, or authority.

2. "organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another" - This refers to a formal, organized uprising or conflict where groups actively fight for control.

In the sentence, "rebellion against disciplined instruction" appears to be describing a resistance or opposition to conventional educational methods. The context suggests this is about philosophical resistance to "authoritarian" teaching methods and an embrace of "creativity" instead.

This seems more aligned with sense 1 - a refusal to accept the conventional code or convention of disciplined instruction. It's not describing an organized armed conflict (sense 2), but rather a philosophical stance or movement that refuses to accept the existing educational conventions.

The answer should be: 1


[User]
Which numbered sense of "disciplined" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against <t>disciplined</t> instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=obeying the rules
2. definition=trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise | examples=the beautiful coordination of his disciplined muscles

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "disciplined" is being used.

The sentence reads: "The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against <t>disciplined</t> instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."

The context suggests that "disciplined instruction" is being contrasted with creativity and is being criticized as:
- authoritarian
- a repression
- a frustration of latent talents

So "disciplined instruction" refers to instruction that follows rules and structure, adheres to strict rules and order. This is instruction that demands obedience to rules and methods.

Sense 1: "obeying the rules" - This fits because disciplined instruction would be instruction that follows rules, requires adherence to rules and structure.

Sense 2: "trained mentally or physically by instruction or exercise" - This would mean the instruction itself is trained/developed, which doesn't quite fit the context.

The sentence is talking about instruction that is based on following rules and structure (as opposed to allowing for creative freedom). So sense 1 "obeying the rules" is the correct answer.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "instruction" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined <t>instruction</t>, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=a message describing how something is to be done | examples=he gave directions faster than she could follow them
2. definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | examples=he received no formal education
3. definition=the profession of a teacher | examples=he prepared for teaching while still in college
4. definition=(computer science) a line of code written as part of a computer program

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the sentence to determine which sense of "instruction" is being used.

The sentence is talking about "disciplined instruction" in the context of education and creativity. It's discussing how creativity in education was seen as a rebellion against "disciplined instruction," which was regarded as "authoritarian."

Let me look at each sense:

1. "a message describing how something is to be done" - This is about directions/how-to instructions
2. "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - This is about teaching and education
3. "the profession of a teacher" - This is about being a teacher as a profession
4. "a line of code written as part of a computer program" - This is about programming

In the context of the sentence, "disciplined instruction" is being discussed as part of education, in contrast with creativity. The passage is talking about how instruction (as a method of teaching/educating) was seen as repressive.

This clearly matches sense 2: "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - because it's talking about instruction as an educational method/activity, not as directions, not as a profession, and definitely not as computer code.

The answer is 2.


[User]
Which numbered sense of "authoritarian" (marked with <t></t>) is used in the sentence below? Return only the number of the correct sense.

Sentence: The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "<t>authoritarian</t>, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children.

Senses:
1. definition=characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty | examples=an authoritarian regime
2. definition=expecting unquestioning obedience | examples=the timid child of authoritarian parents

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the usage of "authoritarian" in the sentence.

The sentence reads: "disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as 'authoritarian,' a repression and frustration of the latent talents..."

The context suggests that "disciplined instruction" is being called "authoritarian" because it is seen as:
- A repression and frustration of talents
- Opposed to a "romantic rebellion"
- Restrictive and demanding obedience rather than fostering creativity

Let me look at both senses:

1. "characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty" - This is more about a form of government or absolute authority structure (like a regime).

2. "expecting unquestioning obedience" - This is about a manner of governance or treatment that demands obedience without question. This fits the description of "disciplined instruction" that represses talents and is opposed to creative freedom.

The "authoritarian" in this sentence is describing an approach to instruction that expects obedience rather than encouraging creative thinking. It's not referring to absolute sovereign rule, but rather to an oppressive teaching method that demands compliance.

This clearly matches sense 2: "expecting unquestioning obedience" - as applied to the authoritarian parents example and here to authoritarian instruction.