[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Support for democracy has risen noticeably in several countries on the Pacific rim of South America (see table 1). For example in Peru, where economic growth has averaged 6% a year since 2002, support for democracy has risen from a low of 40% in 2005 to 61% this year. It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last <t>year</t> in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "year" in "the same as last year" refers to a specific 12-month period in a temporal sequence comparing survey data across different years (2001, 2003, and the previous year). This matches the core definition of a calendar year as "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days," which is the standard sense used when discussing time periods in temporal comparisons.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "year" appears. The sentence is:

"Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively)."

The target word "year" is used as "last year" - referring to the previous year in a temporal sequence. The context is comparing survey data from different time periods (2001, 2003, and "last year").

Let me consider the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=year%1:28:01:**: "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days" - This is the basic definition of a calendar year, a standard period of time. This fits the usage of "last year" to mean the previous 12-month period.

2. **sense_key=year%1:28:02:**: "a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity" - This would be referring to a school year or fiscal year or similar. The context doesn't suggest a particular activity-based year.

3. **sense_key=year%1:28:00:**: "the period of time that it takes for a planet to make a complete revolution around the sun" - This is about planetary years, not relevant to this context.

4. **sense_key=year%1:14:00:**: "a body of students who graduate together" - This is about a class/cohort, not relevant here.

The context clearly shows "last year" being used to refer to a previous calendar year in a time series of survey data. This is the standard sense of a calendar year (365/366 days), which is sense 1.

The answer should be sense_index: 1


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: case
Target surface form: cases
Context:
Support for democracy has risen noticeably in several countries on the Pacific rim of South America (see table 1). For example in Peru, where economic growth has averaged 6% a year since 2002, support for democracy has risen from a low of 40% in 2005 to 61% this year. It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both <t>cases</t> but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example | examples=it was a case of bad judgment; another instance occurred yesterday
2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event | examples=in that event, the first possibility is excluded; it may rain in which case the picnic will be canceled
3. sense_key=case%1:04:00:: | definition=a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy | synonyms=lawsuit, suit, cause, causa | examples=the family brought suit against the landlord
4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things | examples=that was not the case
5. sense_key=case%1:06:00:: | definition=a portable container for carrying several objects | examples=the musicians left their instrument cases backstage
6. sense_key=case%1:18:03:: | definition=a person requiring professional services | examples=a typical case was the suburban housewife described by a marriage counselor
7. sense_key=case%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who is subjected to experimental or other observational procedures; someone who is an object of investigation | synonyms=subject, guinea pig | examples=the subjects for this investigation were selected randomly; the cases that we studied were drawn from two different communities
8. sense_key=case%1:10:02:: | definition=a problem requiring investigation | examples=Perry Mason solved the case of the missing heir
9. sense_key=case%1:10:01:: | definition=a statement of facts and reasons used to support an argument | examples=he stated his case clearly
10. sense_key=case%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity contained in a case | synonyms=caseful
11. sense_key=case%1:10:00:: | definition=nouns or pronouns or adjectives (often marked by inflection) related in some way to other words in a sentence | synonyms=grammatical case
12. sense_key=case%1:26:02:: | definition=a specific state of mind that is temporary | examples=a case of the jitters
13. sense_key=case%1:18:04:: | definition=a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities) | synonyms=character, eccentric, type | examples=a real character; a strange character
14. sense_key=case%1:10:03:: | definition=a specific size and style of type within a type family | synonyms=font, fount, typeface, face
15. sense_key=case%1:08:00:: | definition=an enveloping structure or covering enclosing an animal or plant organ or part | synonyms=sheath
16. sense_key=case%1:06:06:: | definition=the housing or outer covering of something | synonyms=shell, casing | examples=the clock has a walnut case
17. sense_key=case%1:06:07:: | definition=the enclosing frame around a door or window opening | synonyms=casing | examples=the casings had rotted away and had to be replaced
18. sense_key=case%1:06:03:: | definition=(printing) the receptacle in which a compositor has his type, which is divided into compartments for the different letters, spaces, or numbers | synonyms=compositor's case, typesetter's case | examples=for English, a compositor will ordinarily have two such cases, the upper case containing the capitals and the lower case containing the small letters
19. sense_key=case%1:06:02:: | definition=bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow | synonyms=pillowcase, slip, pillow slip | examples=the burglar carried his loot in a pillowcase
20. sense_key=case%1:06:01:: | definition=a glass container used to store and display items in a shop or museum or home | synonyms=display case, showcase, vitrine

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "cases" here refers to the two distinct instances/occurrences mentioned in the preceding clause: (1) confidence in Congress and (2) confidence in government. The phrase "in both cases" means "in both of these instances." This matches sense 1, which defines "case" as "an occurrence of something" with the synonym "instance."

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of "cases" in this sentence:

"Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively)."

The word "cases" here is referring to the two situations/instances mentioned: (1) confidence in Congress, and (2) confidence in government. The phrase "in both cases" means "in both of these instances/situations."

Let me look at the relevant senses:

1. sense_key=case%1:11:00:: | definition=an occurrence of something | synonyms=instance, example
   - This means "instance" which fits perfectly with "both cases" = "both instances"

2. sense_key=case%1:26:00:: | definition=a special set of circumstances | synonyms=event
   - This could work but it's more about "special circumstances"

4. sense_key=case%1:09:00:: | definition=the actual state of things
   - This doesn't fit as well

The best match is sense 1 (case%1:11:00::), which defines "case" as "an occurrence of something" with synonyms "instance, example". In the context, "in both cases" means "in both instances" - referring to the two different things mentioned (Congress and government).

The answer should be sense index 1.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decade
Target surface form: decade
Context:
For example in Peru, where economic growth has averaged 6% a year since 2002, support for democracy has risen from a low of 40% in 2005 to 61% this year. It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A <t>decade</t> ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decade%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of 10 years | synonyms=decennary, decennium
2. sense_key=decade%1:23:00:: | definition=the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system | synonyms=ten, 10, X, tenner

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly uses "decade" to refer to a period of time ("A decade ago"), not the number itself. The phrase describes an event that occurred 10 years in the past, which corresponds to the temporal meaning of decade as "a period of 10 years."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze this context for the word "decade" in the sentence "A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy."

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=decade%1:28:00:: | definition=a period of 10 years | synonyms=decennary, decennium
2. sense_key=decade%1:23:00:: | definition=the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system | synonyms=ten, 10, X, tenner

In the context: "A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy."

Here, "decade" is being used as a measure of time - specifically referring to 10 years in the past. The phrase "A decade ago" means "10 years ago" - referring to a period of time.

Sense 1 defines "decade" as "a period of 10 years" - this is the temporal sense.
Sense 2 defines it as "the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one" - this is the numerical sense (the number 10).

In this context, we're not talking about the abstract number 10, we're talking about a span of time - a period of 10 years. Therefore, sense 1 is the correct choice.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: woe
Target surface form: woes
Context:
For example in Peru, where economic growth has averaged 6% a year since 2002, support for democracy has risen from a low of 40% in 2005 to 61% this year. It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic <t>woes</t> in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=woe%1:26:00:: | definition=misery resulting from affliction | synonyms=suffering
2. sense_key=woe%1:12:00:: | definition=intense mournfulness | synonyms=woefulness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is: "A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy."

The target word is "woes" and I need to choose between:
1. "misery resulting from affliction" with synonym "suffering"
2. "intense mournfulness" with synonym "woefulness"

Looking at the context:
- The passage is discussing economic conditions in Latin America
- It mentions "economic woes" - referring to economic problems or difficulties
- The context shows how economic problems ("woes") undermined support for democracy
- This is clearly about economic suffering/hardship, not about emotional mournfulness

The phrase "economic woes" refers to economic hardship, difficulties, or suffering - problems affecting the economy and people's lives. This is about misery/suffering resulting from affliction (in this case, economic affliction/hardship).

Sense 1 fits perfectly: "misery resulting from affliction" - the economic problems are causing misery/suffering in the region.

Sense 2 (intense mournfulness) is about deep sadness/grief, which doesn't fit the context of economic problems in a political/economic discussion.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: support
Target surface form: support
Context:
For example in Peru, where economic growth has averaged 6% a year since 2002, support for democracy has risen from a low of 40% in 2005 to 61% this year. It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined <t>support</t> for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: | definition=the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities | examples=his support kept the family together; they gave him emotional support during difficult times
2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: | definition=aiding the cause or policy or interests of | examples=the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support
3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: | definition=something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest | examples=the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed
4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: | definition=a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission | synonyms=reinforcement, reenforcement | examples=they called for artillery support
5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: | definition=documentary validation | synonyms=documentation | examples=his documentation of the results was excellent; the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones
6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: | definition=the financial means whereby one lives | synonyms=keep, livelihood, living, bread and butter, sustenance | examples=each child was expected to pay for their keep; he applied to the state for support
7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: | definition=supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation | examples=the statue stood on a marble support
8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening | synonyms=supporting | examples=he leaned against the wall for support
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: | definition=a musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts | synonyms=accompaniment, musical accompaniment, backup
10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: | definition=any device that bears the weight of another thing | examples=there was no place to attach supports for a shelf
11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: | definition=financial resources provided to make some project possible | synonyms=financial support, funding, backing, financial backing | examples=the foundation provided support for the experiment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The target word "support" in this context refers to public backing or approval for democracy. The sentence discusses how "economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy," meaning the public's endorsement of democratic systems weakened. This matches sense 3, which describes immaterial assistance provided to a cause or interest. The example "the policy found little public support" is particularly similar to the usage here, where we're measuring public support for democracy through polling data about satisfaction and confidence.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully. The sentence is:

"A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy."

Here, "support" is used in the context of public backing or approval for democratic systems. The passage discusses polling data about people's satisfaction with democracy and their status as "convinced democrats."

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=support%1:04:04:: - "the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities" - This is about financial/material support. Not applicable here.

2. sense_key=support%1:04:00:: - "aiding the cause or policy or interests of" with examples like "the president no longer has the support of his own party; they developed a scheme of mutual support" - This seems to fit. It's about backing a cause or policy.

3. sense_key=support%1:09:00:: - "something providing immaterial assistance to a person or cause or interest" with examples like "the policy found little public support; his faith was all the support he needed" - This also fits well. It's immaterial support for a cause (democracy), and the example "the policy found little public support" is very similar to our context.

4. sense_key=support%1:04:03:: - military operation - Not applicable.

5. sense_key=support%1:04:02:: - documentary validation - Not applicable.

6. sense_key=support%1:21:00:: - financial means/livelihood - Not applicable.

7. sense_key=support%1:06:01:: - supporting structure - Not applicable.

8. sense_key=support%1:04:01:: - act of bearing weight - Not applicable.
9. sense_key=support%1:10:01:: - musical part - Not applicable.

10. sense_key=support%1:06:00:: - device that bears weight - Not applicable.

11. sense_key=support%1:21:01:: - financial resources for a project - Not applicable.

Between senses 2 and 3, the distinction matters. Sense 2 focuses on the action of aiding or backing, while sense 3 emphasizes the immaterial nature of the assistance itself—the noun form representing public endorsement. Given the context of polling data measuring public sentiment toward democracy, sense 3 captures this better as it refers to the intangible backing people provide to a political system.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: countries
Context:
It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American <t>countries</t> suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context discusses Latin American countries experiencing economic conditions (recession and recovery) in relation to political systems (democracy, governance). This refers to countries as politically organized bodies of people under a single government, not merely territories or rural areas. The plural form "countries" is used in the same way as the synonym "nations" in the example "African nations."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine the correct sense of "countries" in the target sentence.

The target sentence is: "That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American <t>countries</t> suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery."

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations

2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries

3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation

4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country

5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

In the context, we're talking about "many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession" - this is clearly referring to politically organized entities (nations/states), not rural areas or geographical regions. The word "suffered" is used in the context of economic conditions, which is an attribute of a political entity.

This could be either sense 1 (a politically organized body of people under a single government) or sense 2 (the territory occupied by a nation).

Between these two, sense 1 better captures the meaning here since it emphasizes the political organization and governance structure that would have economic policies and experience recessions, whereas sense 2 focuses on the physical territory itself. The passage discusses nations as agents experiencing economic downturns, which aligns with viewing them as political entities rather than geographical spaces.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recession
Target surface form: recession
Context:
It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief <t>recession</t> and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recession%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year
2. sense_key=recession%1:25:00:: | definition=a small concavity | synonyms=recess, niche, corner
3. sense_key=recession%1:14:00:: | definition=the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service | synonyms=recessional
4. sense_key=recession%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of ceding back | synonyms=ceding back
5. sense_key=recession%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of becoming more distant | synonyms=receding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to an economic downturn. The passage discusses "the world financial crisis," mentions that countries "suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery," and contrasts this with earlier "economic woes in Latin America." This is unambiguously the economic sense of recession—a widespread decline in GDP, employment, and trade—which corresponds to sense 1.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "recession" is being used.

The sentence reads: "That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery."

The context is about:
- The world financial crisis
- Economic conditions in Latin American countries
- A comparison between economic woes (GDP/employment/trade decline) and recovery
- The text discusses how democracies held up despite economic challenges

Now let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=recession%1:26:00:: - "the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year"
   - This directly refers to an economic downturn

2. sense_key=recession%1:25:00:: - "a small concavity" with synonyms "recess, niche, corner"
   - This is about physical/spatial indentation - clearly not relevant

3. sense_key=recession%1:14:00:: - "the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service"
   - This is a religious/ceremonial meaning - not relevant

4. sense_key=recession%1:04:01:: - "the act of ceding back"
   - This is about territorial/property withdrawal - not relevant

5. sense_key=recession%1:04:00:: - "the act of becoming more distant"
   - This is about physical distancing/receding - not relevant

Given the context explicitly mentions "world financial crisis," "economy," "GDP," and discusses economic recovery, the word is clearly referring to an economic downturn. Sense 1 is the only one that fits this meaning, as it defines recession as "the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year."
The answer is sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recovery
Target surface form: recovery
Context:
It also rose in Mexico, where the economy has recovered after suffering a big drop in output last year. But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong <t>recovery</t>. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recovery%1:11:00:: | definition=return to an original state | examples=the recovery of the forest after the fire was surprisingly rapid
2. sense_key=recovery%1:22:00:: | definition=gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury | synonyms=convalescence, recuperation
3. sense_key=recovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost) | synonyms=retrieval

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes Latin American countries experiencing "a strong recovery" after "a brief recession." This refers to the economy returning to its previous state of health and growth after the disruption of recession. Sense 1 (return to an original state) best captures this meaning, as evidenced by the parallel example of forest recovery after fire. Sense 2 is specific to physical/medical healing and doesn't apply here. Sense 3, while possible, is less precise than the straightforward notion of returning to a normal economic state.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "recovery":

Context: "That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery."

This sentence is talking about economic recovery - after a recession, countries are experiencing recovery. This is clearly about economic recovery from a downturn.

Let me examine the three candidate senses:

1. sense_key=recovery%1:11:00:: | definition=return to an original state | examples=the recovery of the forest after the fire was surprisingly rapid
   - This is about returning to an original state, like a forest recovering from fire. This could apply to economic recovery as well - returning to the original economic state before the recession.

2. sense_key=recovery%1:22:00:: | definition=gradual healing (through rest) after sickness or injury | synonyms=convalescence, recuperation
   - This is specifically about medical/physical recovery from illness or injury. This doesn't fit the economic context.

3. sense_key=recovery%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost) | synonyms=retrieval
   - This is about regaining something lost. In the context of economics, after a recession, countries are regaining their economic strength/output that was lost during the recession.

Between senses 1 and 3:
- Sense 1: "return to an original state" - emphasizes the end result/state
- Sense 3: "the act of regaining or saving something lost" - emphasizes the action of getting back what was lost

In the context, "enjoyed a strong recovery" suggests the process/result of bouncing back from recession. Both could work, but sense 1 seems more general (return to original state) while sense 3 is more specific about the act of regaining what was lost.

Actually, sense 1 with "return to an original state" fits well here - the economy is returning to its original state before the recession. The example given (forest recovery after fire) is a perfect parallel to economic recovery after a recession.
Sense 1 captures the essence best—it describes how economies bounce back to their pre-recession state after disruption, which aligns perfectly with what "strong recovery" conveys in this economic context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: safety_net
Target surface form: safety net
Context:
But only around half of respondents in Mexico and Brazil, the region's two most populous countries, are convinced democrats, which drags down the regional average (see chart 2). Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social <t>safety net</t> has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB-

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=safety_net%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee of professional or financial security
2. sense_key=safety_net%1:06:00:: | definition=a large strong net to catch circus acrobats who fall or jump from a trapeze

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly indicates a metaphorical usage of "safety net" referring to social and financial protection measures ("a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor"). This corresponds to the figurative sense of a guarantee of professional or financial security, not the literal circus acrobat net.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for "safety net" in this passage.

The text is discussing economic indicators and social support in Latin America. The sentence reads: "In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor."

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=safety_net%1:10:00:: | definition=a guarantee of professional or financial security
2. sense_key=safety_net%1:06:00:: | definition=a large strong net to catch circus acrobats who fall or jump from a trapeze

In this context, "safety net" is clearly being used metaphorically to refer to social/financial protection for vulnerable people. The passage discusses:
- Democracy and economic conditions
- A strong recovery from the financial crisis
- Social support helping to shield the poor
- Statistics about poverty rates

The phrase "a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor" clearly refers to social programs and financial security measures designed to protect vulnerable populations from poverty and economic hardship.

This corresponds to sense 1: "a guarantee of professional or financial security" - which is the figurative/abstract sense of a safety net as a protective mechanism for people's economic wellbeing.

Sense 2 is the literal, physical sense referring to the circus trapeze net, which is clearly not what's being discussed here.

The answer is sense 1, which would be sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: week
Target surface form: week
Context:
Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this <t>week</t> that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=week%1:28:00:: | definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week
2. sense_key=week%1:28:01:: | definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
3. sense_key=week%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "week" is being used.

The sentence is: "The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%."

The phrase "this week" is referring to the current week when the report was made. It's being used as a time reference - meaning some period of seven consecutive days that includes the present time (when the article was written).

Let me examine the three senses:

1. sense_key=week%1:28:00:: | definition=any period of seven consecutive days | synonyms=hebdomad | examples=it rained for a week
   - This is a general sense meaning any seven-day period

2. sense_key=week%1:28:01:: | definition=hours or days of work in a calendar week | synonyms=workweek | examples=they worked a 40-hour week
   - This is specifically about work hours/days in a calendar week

3. sense_key=week%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday | synonyms=calendar week
   - This is a specific period of seven consecutive days starting on Sunday

The phrase "this week" is used to denote a recent time period. In the context "reported this week," it means the report was made sometime during the current or most recent seven-day period. This is a general reference to a seven-day period.

Sense 1 (any period of seven consecutive days) is the most general and fits this usage perfectly. It's not specifically about work hours (sense 2) and not necessarily specific to a Sunday-to-Saturday calendar week (sense 3).

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: proportion
Target surface form: proportion
Context:
Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the <t>proportion</t> of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=proportion%1:24:00:: | definition=the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole
2. sense_key=proportion%1:07:00:: | definition=magnitude or extent | synonyms=dimension | examples=a building of vast proportions
3. sense_key=proportion%1:25:00:: | definition=balance among the parts of something | synonyms=symmetry
4. sense_key=proportion%1:24:01:: | definition=the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree | synonyms=ratio | examples=an inordinate proportion of the book is given over to quotations; a dry martini has a large proportion of gin
5. sense_key=proportion%1:07:01:: | definition=harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design); - John Ruskin | synonyms=proportionality, balance | examples=in all perfectly beautiful objects there is found the opposition of one part to another and a reciprocal balance

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

In this context, "proportion" refers to the percentage of Latin Americans living in poverty (expressed as 32%). This is precisely a quotient obtained by dividing the magnitude of a part (those living in poverty) by the magnitude of the whole (total Latin American population). This aligns with sense 1, which defines proportion as "the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "proportion" in the given context.

The context discusses statistics about Latin America:
"...the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%."

Here, "proportion" refers to a part of a whole - specifically the portion or percentage of Latin Americans living in poverty out of the total population of Latin Americans.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=proportion%1:24:00:: | definition=the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole
   - This fits well - it's a mathematical ratio of a part to the whole (the number of people in poverty divided by total population)

2. sense_key=proportion%1:07:00:: | definition=magnitude or extent
   - This is about size/extent. While the proportion has extent, that's not the primary meaning here.

3. sense_key=proportion%1:25:00:: | definition=balance among the parts of something
   - This is about aesthetic/structural balance, not relevant to the statistical context.

4. sense_key=proportion%1:24:01:: | definition=the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree
   - This also fits - it's about the relation between the part (poverty) and the whole.

5. sense_key=proportion%1:07:01:: | definition=harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole
   - This is about artistic/design harmony, not relevant here.

Between senses 1 and 4:
- Sense 1 specifically mentions "quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole" - this is exactly what's being discussed (a mathematical ratio/percentage)
- Sense 4 mentions "relation between things with respect to their comparative quantity" and has the example "a dry martini has a large proportion of gin" which is similar
- Since the context explicitly presents a percentage statistic (32%), sense 1 is the most precise match—it directly describes the mathematical operation of dividing a part by the whole, which is what the 32% figure represents.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Some 44% of respondents across the region pronounced themselves satisfied with how their country's democracy works in practice, the same figure as last year but a big increase on the 25% in 2001 (chart 3). Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this <t>year</t>, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "this year" in the context refers to the current calendar year as a 12-month period. The passage discusses statistics across different time periods (2001, 2003, 2009, and the present), comparing them to show changes in poverty rates. "This year" is clearly a reference to a complete calendar year cycle of 365 (or 366) days, which is the standard definition of "year" when discussing specific time periods in temporal comparisons.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context around the target word "year" in the passage.

The sentence is: "The proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%."

In this context, "year" is clearly referring to the current year at the time the article was written. It's contrasted with specific years like "2009" and "2001" and "2003". The article discusses statistics from different time periods, and "this year" refers to the present year at the time of writing.

Let me consider each sense:

1. **sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | "a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days"** - This is the most common meaning of "year" as a complete calendar year (12 months, approximately 365 days). The examples "she is 4 years old; in the year 1920" support this.

2. **sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | "a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity"** - This refers to a specific activity-based period (like "school year"). The context doesn't suggest this specific usage.

3. **sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | "the period of time that it takes for a planet to make a complete revolution around the sun"** - This is an astronomical term. Not relevant here.

4. **sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | "a body of students who graduate together"** - This refers to a cohort/class of students. Not relevant here.

In the context, "this year" clearly means the current calendar year (the 12-month period). The passage discusses statistics comparing different years, and when it says "has fallen again this year," it's referring to the current calendar year. This is sense 1.
The correct sense is index 1 - the standard definition of a calendar year spanning 365 or 366 days.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: mood
Target surface form: mood
Context:
Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the <t>mood</t> varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=mood%1:12:00:: | definition=a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling | synonyms=temper, humor, humour | examples=whether he praised or cursed me depended on his temper at the time; he was in a bad humor
2. sense_key=mood%1:26:00:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=climate | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election
3. sense_key=mood%1:24:00:: | definition=verb inflections that express how the action or state is conceived by the speaker | synonyms=mode, modality

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The passage discusses how "the mood varies widely from country to country," referring to the collective psychological state or prevailing emotional attitude across different Latin American nations regarding their government and economic conditions. This usage aligns with sense 2, "the prevailing psychological state," which encompasses broader, societal-level sentiments. The synonym "climate" (as in climate of opinion) and the example about "national mood" directly parallel this context. Sense 1 refers to individual emotional states, and sense 3 is a grammatical term—neither applies here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "mood" appears:

"But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

The text is discussing the psychological/emotional state across different Latin American countries regarding their confidence in government and democracy. The passage talks about economic conditions, confidence levels, and "a widely shared sense of progress" - these are collective attitudes and emotional states of populations.

Let me evaluate the three candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling" - This refers to an individual's emotional state (temper, humor). The examples given are about personal temperament. While "mood" can refer to individual feelings, in this context it's clearly referring to a collective state, not an individual's emotional state.

2. Sense 2: "the prevailing psychological state" - This matches perfectly. The definition includes "prevailing" which suggests a widespread or collective state. The synonym "climate" (as in "climate of opinion") is used in the example. The example "the national mood had changed radically since the last election" is very similar to the context here where we're discussing the mood of countries regarding government and democracy. This is clearly about collective psychological/emotional states.

3. Sense 3: "verb inflections that express how the action or state is conceived by the speaker" - This is a grammatical/linguistic term referring to mood as a grammatical category. This doesn't apply here at all.

The best sense is clearly sense 2 - "the prevailing psychological state" - because:
- It refers to a collective state (countries' moods vary)
- It's about how people collectively feel about their government and economic situation
- It matches the synonym "climate" which is exactly what would describe the "mood" of different countries
- The example about "national mood" directly parallels the usage here
- The answer is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: country
Context:
Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from <t>country</t> to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "the mood varies widely from country to country" refers to how different nations, as politically organized entities, have varying levels of confidence in their governments and different economic/political moods. This is discussing countries as political units with their own governments, which aligns with sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government." The context emphasizes comparing different political entities (like Brazil vs. other Latin American nations) rather than rural areas, territories, or populations in isolation.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "country" is being used.

The sentence is: "But the mood varies widely from <t>country</t> to country (see chart 4)."

This is discussing how different countries have varying moods/confidence in their government. The context mentions Brazil as an example, and the broader discussion is about Latin American nations and their political/economic situations.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - This refers to the nation as a political entity. The phrase "from country to country" in the context of discussing different nations' moods about their government suggests comparing different political entities.

2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: "the territory occupied by a nation" - This could work if we're talking about the physical/geographical aspect, but the focus is on the political/governmental mood, not territory.

3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: "the people who live in a nation or country" - This emphasizes the people, and "the mood varies widely from country to country" could refer to different populations' moods. This seems plausible.

4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: "an area outside of cities and towns" - This is rural area, which doesn't fit the context at all.

5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: "a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary" - This doesn't fit the political context.

Between senses 1, 2, and 3:
- The context is about "the mood" which relates to people's attitudes toward government
- The phrase "from country to country" is comparing different political entities
- Both sense 1 (political body) and sense 3 (the people) could work
- However, sense 1 as "a politically organized body of people under a single government" is the standard usage when discussing nations and their governments. The phrase "from country to country" compares different political entities, and this primary meaning best captures how the text discusses countries as distinct governmental units. Sense 3 emphasizes the population specifically, which is also reasonable given the focus on "mood," but sense 1 remains the most direct fit for the political context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: country
Target surface form: country
Context:
Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to <t>country</t> (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=country%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, nation, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=country%1:15:00:: | definition=the territory occupied by a nation | synonyms=state, land | examples=he returned to the land of his birth; he visited several European countries
3. sense_key=country%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=nation, land | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
4. sense_key=country%1:15:01:: | definition=an area outside of cities and towns | synonyms=rural area | examples=his poetry celebrated the slower pace of life in the country
5. sense_key=country%1:15:02:: | definition=a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography) | synonyms=area | examples=it was a mountainous area; Bible country

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to distinct nation-states ("the mood varies widely from country to country") with political governments and economies. The passage discusses countries' confidence in their governments and their economic performances. This usage aligns with sense 1—"a politically organized body of people under a single government"—which is the primary meaning when referring to nations like Brazil and other Latin American countries as distinct political entities.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "country" in the phrase "the mood varies widely from country to country."

Looking at the sentence: "But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

The context discusses:
- Latin American countries' confidence in government
- Economic situations varying across different nations
- Brazil being one example where there's a sense of progress
- The text explicitly contrasts different nations/countries in Latin America

This usage clearly refers to different nation-states with governments, territories, and distinct economic performances. Let me evaluate each sense:

1. **Sense 1** (country%1:14:00::): "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - This fits well. The context discusses countries' confidence in their governments, economies, and political situations.

2. **Sense 2** (country%1:15:00::): "the territory occupied by a nation" - This could fit but is more about the geographic territory specifically.

3. **Sense 3** (country%1:14:01::): "the people who live in a nation or country" - This could fit, emphasizing the people/population aspect.

4. **Sense 4** (country%1:15:01::): "an area outside of cities and towns" - This doesn't fit at all. The context is not about rural vs urban areas.

5. **Sense 5** (country%1:15:02::): "a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary" - This is too vague and doesn't fit the political context.

The phrase "from country to country" refers to different nation-states. The primary meaning here is the political entity - a nation governed as a single unit. Sense 1 (a politically organized body of people under a single government) is the most appropriate because:
- The political and governmental dimensions are central to the passage
- References to states and nations align with how the text frames these distinct entities
- The focus on government confidence and economic/political performance reinforces this interpretation

Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: chart
Target surface form: chart
Context:
Some 34% said they had confidence in their country's Congress and 45% in their government, the same as last year in both cases but up sharply from 2003 (17% and 24% respectively). A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see <t>chart</t> 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=chart%1:10:00:: | definition=a visual display of information
2. sense_key=chart%1:06:00:: | definition=a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly indicates that "chart 4" refers to a visual display of comparative data showing how the mood/sentiment varies across different Latin American countries. This is a common usage in academic and journalistic writing where charts (graphs, diagrams, or visual representations) are referenced to illustrate statistical information. This matches the definition "a visual display of information" rather than a navigational map.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "chart" in this passage.

The sentence in question is: "But the mood varies widely from country to country (see <t>chart</t> 4)."

The context here is discussing statistical and economic data about Latin American countries - specifically about confidence levels in government and Congress, poverty rates, and economic performance across different countries.

The passage is referring the reader to "chart 4" for more information about how the mood/sentiment varies from country to country. This is clearly a reference to a visual representation of data - likely a graph, table, or visual display showing comparative information across different countries.

Let me examine the two candidate senses:

1. "chart%1:10:00:: | definition=a visual display of information" - This refers to a chart as a visual display of information, like a graph, diagram, or visual representation of data.

2. "chart%1:06:00:: | definition=a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea" - This refers to a navigational map for ships or aircraft.

In the context of this passage, "chart 4" clearly refers to a visual display showing statistical/comparative information about different Latin American countries. It's not referring to a navigational map.

Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1: "a visual display of information"

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: brazil
Target surface form: Brazil
Context:
A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). <t>Brazil</t>'s strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress. That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the recession was more severe and violent crime has worsened.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=brazil%1:15:00:: | definition=the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter | synonyms=Federative Republic of Brazil, Brasil
2. sense_key=brazil%1:13:00:: | definition=three-sided tropical American nut with white oily meat and hard brown shell | synonyms=brazil nut

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to Brazil as a country, discussing its economic performance, its president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, and its position within Latin America. This is the geographic/political entity sense, not the brazil nut sense.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "Brazil" and I need to determine which sense is being used in the context.

Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: brazil%1:15:00:: - This refers to "the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter" with synonyms "Federative Republic of Brazil, Brasil". This is the country Brazil.

2. Sense 2: brazil%1:13:00:: - This refers to "three-sided tropical American nut with white oily meat and hard brown shell" with synonyms "brazil nut". This is the brazil nut.

Looking at the context:
"<t>Brazil</t>'s strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

The context is clearly talking about Brazil as a country - it mentions "Brazil's strong economic performance" and references its "outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva" (who was the president of Brazil). The context is discussing Latin American countries and democracy.

This is clearly referring to Brazil the country, not Brazil the nut.

So the answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing <t>president</t>, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress. That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the recession was more severe and violent crime has worsened.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The context refers to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva as Brazil's "outgoing president." Brazil is a republic, and the president serves as the chief executive of that republic. Sense 3 ("the chief executive of a republic") is the most appropriate match, as it applies to the president of any republic, not just the United States. Sense 2 is specifically limited to the US President, and the other senses refer to corporate officers, university administrators, or organizational chairs.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "president" is being used here.

The sentence is: "Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

Key information:
- This is referring to the president of Brazil
- Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was the President of Brazil
- This is clearly the head of state/chief executive of a country (Brazil)

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: - "an executive officer of a firm or corporation" - Not applicable, this is about a country, not a firm
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: - "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government" - This is specifically about the US President, not Brazil's president
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: - "the chief executive of a republic" - This matches! The president of Brazil is the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: - "the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization" - Not applicable, this is about a country's leader
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: - "the head administrative officer of a college or university" - Not applicable
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: - "the office of the United States head of state" - This is about the office of the US President, not Brazil's president

The best match is sense 3: "the chief executive of a republic" - because:
- Brazil is a republic
- Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva was the chief executive/head of state of Brazil
- This is the most general and appropriate sense for a president of a country (not specifically limited to the US)
The answer is sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sense
Target surface form: sense
Context:
A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared <t>sense</t> of progress. That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the recession was more severe and violent crime has worsened.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sense%1:09:05:: | definition=a general conscious awareness | examples=a sense of security; a sense of happiness
2. sense_key=sense%1:10:00:: | definition=the meaning of a word or expression; the way in which a word or expression or situation can be interpreted | synonyms=signified | examples=the dictionary gave several senses for the word; in the best sense charity is really a duty
3. sense_key=sense%1:09:02:: | definition=the faculty through which the external world is apprehended | synonyms=sensation, sentience, sentiency, sensory faculty | examples=in the dark he had to depend on touch and on his senses of smell and hearing
4. sense_key=sense%1:09:04:: | definition=sound practical judgment | synonyms=common sense, good sense, gumption, horse sense, mother wit | examples=Common sense is not so common; he hasn't got the sense God gave little green apples
5. sense_key=sense%1:09:06:: | definition=a natural appreciation or ability | examples=a keen musical sense; a good sense of timing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "sense" in "a widely shared sense of progress" refers to a general conscious awareness or feeling. This is sense #1, which captures the meaning of a collective perception or feeling of advancement. The phrase structure "sense of [abstract noun]" (similar to the examples "sense of security" and "sense of happiness") directly matches this definition.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "sense" is being used.

The sentence is: "Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

The phrase "sense of progress" means a feeling or perception of advancement. Let me examine each candidate:

1. sense%1:09:05:: - "a general conscious awareness" with examples like "a sense of security; a sense of happiness". This fits well - "sense of progress" is a general conscious awareness or feeling of progress.

2. sense%1:10:00:: - "the meaning of a word or expression" - This is clearly not about linguistic meaning here.

3. sense%1:09:02:: - "the faculty through which the external world is apprehended" - This is about sensory faculties (touch, smell, hearing), not applicable here.

4. sense%1:09:04:: - "sound practical judgment" - This is about common sense/judgment, not applicable here.

5. sense%1:09:06:: - "a natural appreciation or ability" - This could potentially fit, but it's more about a skill or talent.

The best fit is clearly sense #1 - "a general conscious awareness". The phrase "sense of progress" describes a widespread feeling or awareness of progress among Brazilians. This is exactly what the definition "a general conscious awareness" captures, and the examples "a sense of security; a sense of happiness" follow the same pattern as "a sense of progress".

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: progress
Target surface form: progress
Context:
A decade ago economic woes in Latin America undermined support for democracy. That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of <t>progress</t>. That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the recession was more severe and violent crime has worsened.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=progress%1:04:01:: | definition=gradual improvement or growth or development | synonyms=advancement | examples=advancement of knowledge; great progress in the arts
2. sense_key=progress%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of moving forward (as toward a goal) | synonyms=progression, procession, advance, advancement, forward motion, onward motion
3. sense_key=progress%1:11:00:: | definition=a movement forward | synonyms=progression, advance | examples=he listened for the progress of the troops

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes a "widely shared sense of progress" in Brazil, reflecting strong economic performance and positive public sentiment. This refers to gradual improvement and development in economic conditions and national advancement—not merely physical movement forward. Sense 1 (gradual improvement or growth or development) best captures this meaning, particularly with its example of "advancement of knowledge; great progress in the arts," which parallels the sense of societal and economic improvement implied in the passage.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for "progress" in this passage.

The sentence is: "Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress."

Looking at the three candidate senses:

1. sense_key=progress%1:04:01:: | definition=gradual improvement or growth or development | synonyms=advancement | examples=advancement of knowledge; great progress in the arts
   - This is about improvement or development over time

2. sense_key=progress%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of moving forward (as toward a goal) | synonyms=progression, procession, advance, advancement, forward motion, onward motion
   - This is about the act of moving forward

3. sense_key=progress%1:11:00:: | definition=a movement forward | synonyms=progression, advance | examples=he listened for the progress of the troops
   - This is about a physical movement forward (troops moving)

In the context, "progress" refers to a sense of improvement and development in Brazil - they have strong economic performance and the population has a positive outlook about the country's advancement and improvement. This is clearly about improvement/development, not physical movement forward.

Sense 1 (gradual improvement or growth or development) is the best fit. The context is about Brazil's economic success leading to a shared sense of progress - meaning progress in economic conditions and overall development.

Sense 3 is clearly about physical movement (troops), which doesn't apply here.

Sense 2 is more general about "moving forward toward a goal" which could apply, but sense 1 is more specific about improvement/growth/development which is what the context is indicating.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: recession
Target surface form: recession
Context:
That it has held up during the world financial crisis is probably because many Latin American countries suffered only a brief recession and have enjoyed a strong recovery. In addition, a stronger social safety net has helped to shield the poor. (The United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America reported this week that the proportion of Latin Americans living in poverty rose only marginally in 2009 and has fallen again this year, to 32%. -RRB- But the mood varies widely from country to country (see chart 4). Brazil's strong economic performance and the popularity of its outgoing president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, is reflected in a widely shared sense of progress. That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the <t>recession</t> was more severe and violent crime has worsened. For only the second time since the polls began, more respondents across Latin America as a whole cite crime, rather than unemployment, as the most important problem facing their country (see chart 5).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=recession%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year
2. sense_key=recession%1:25:00:: | definition=a small concavity | synonyms=recess, niche, corner
3. sense_key=recession%1:14:00:: | definition=the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service | synonyms=recessional
4. sense_key=recession%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of ceding back | synonyms=ceding back
5. sense_key=recession%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of becoming more distant | synonyms=receding

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to an economic recession in the discussion of Latin America's experience during the "world financial crisis," with mentions of "economic performance," "strong recovery," and comparison of recession severity across different countries. This matches the definition of sense 1, which describes a widespread decline in GDP, employment, and trade.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "recession" is being used.

The target word is "recession" in the context: "That is scarcer in Mexico and Central America, where the recession was more severe and violent crime has worsened."

The full context discusses:
- A world financial crisis
- Latin American countries suffering a brief recession
- Economic performance and recovery
- Brazil's strong economic performance
- Mexico and Central America where "the recession was more severe"

This is clearly talking about an economic recession - a decline in economic activity, GDP, employment, and trade.

Let me review the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=recession%1:26:00:: - "the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year" - This is clearly an economic recession, which matches the context perfectly.

2. sense_key=recession%1:25:00:: - "a small concavity" with synonyms recess, niche, corner - This is a physical/architectural term, not applicable here.

3. sense_key=recession%1:14:00:: - "the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service" - This is a religious ceremony term, not applicable.

4. sense_key=recession%1:04:01:: - "the act of ceding back" - This is about giving something back, not applicable.

5. sense_key=recession%1:04:00:: - "the act of becoming more distant" or "receding" - This is about physical movement or withdrawal, not the economic sense.

The correct answer is clearly sense 1, which is the economic sense of recession.