[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: range
Target surface form: range
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a <t>range</t> of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=range%1:07:00:: | definition=an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: | synonyms=scope, reach, orbit, compass, ambit | examples=the range of a supersonic jet; a piano has a greater range than the human voice
2. sense_key=range%1:15:01:: | definition=the limits within which something can be effective | synonyms=reach | examples=range of motion; he was beyond the reach of their fire
3. sense_key=range%1:15:02:: | definition=a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze | examples=they used to drive the cattle across the open range every spring; he dreamed of a home on the range
4. sense_key=range%1:17:00:: | definition=a series of hills or mountains | synonyms=mountain range, range of mountains, chain, mountain chain, chain of mountains | examples=the valley was between two ranges of hills; the plains lay just beyond the mountain range
5. sense_key=range%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds | examples=the army maintains a missile range in the desert; any good golf club will have a range where you can practice
6. sense_key=range%1:14:00:: | definition=a variety of different things or activities | examples=he answered a range of questions; he was impressed by the range and diversity of the collection
7. sense_key=range%1:14:01:: | definition=(mathematics) the set of values of the dependent variable for which a function is defined | synonyms=image, range of a function | examples=the image of f(x) = x^2 is the set of all non-negative real numbers if the domain of the function is the set of all real numbers
8. sense_key=range%1:09:00:: | definition=the limit of capability | synonyms=compass, reach, grasp | examples=within the compass of education
9. sense_key=range%1:06:01:: | definition=a kitchen appliance used for cooking food | synonyms=stove, kitchen stove, kitchen range, cooking stove | examples=dinner was already on the stove

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

The phrase "provides a range of options" refers to a variety of different possibilities or choices. This matches sense 6 ("a variety of different things or activities"), which is explicitly exemplified by "he answered a range of questions" - directly parallel to the context of providing multiple options for key questions.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to find the best sense for "range" in this sentence:

"And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

The sentence is talking about "a range of options" - meaning multiple different possibilities or varieties of options. The document provides various options (a variety of different things).

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense 1: an area in which something acts or operates - "the range of a supersonic jet" - doesn't fit
2. sense 2: the limits within which something can be effective - "range of motion" - doesn't fit
3. sense 3: a large tract of grassy land - doesn't fit
4. sense 4: a series of hills or mountains - doesn't fit
5. sense 5: a place for shooting projectiles - doesn't fit
6. sense 6: **a variety of different things or activities** - "he answered a range of questions; he was impressed by the range and diversity of the collection" - THIS FITS PERFECTLY
7. sense 7: mathematics definition - doesn't fit
8. sense 8: the limit of capability - doesn't fit
9. sense 9: a kitchen appliance - doesn't fit

The context clearly shows "range of options" which matches sense 6: "a variety of different things or activities". The example "he answered a range of questions" is very similar to the context where the document provides "a range of options".

The answer should be sense 6, which is index 6.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: option
Target surface form: options
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of <t>options</t> for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=option%1:21:00:: | definition=the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price; the right is purchased and if it is not exercised by a stated date the money is forfeited
2. sense_key=option%1:09:00:: | definition=one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen | synonyms=alternative, choice | examples=what option did I have?; there no other alternative
3. sense_key=option%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of choosing or selecting | synonyms=choice, selection, pick | examples=your choice of colors was unfortunate; you can take your pick

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "options" in this context refers to multiple alternatives or possible approaches available to policymakers regarding how to address climate change questions. The phrase "provides a range of options for the key questions" indicates these are alternative choices available to be selected from, which matches sense 2: "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen."

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "option" is being used.

The sentence is: "And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

Context clues:
- "range of options for the key questions"
- The options refer to different possible ways/approaches to address the questions
- These are alternatives or choices available to policymakers

Let me look at each candidate sense:

1. Sense 1 (option%1:21:00::): "the right to buy or sell property at an agreed price" - This is a financial/legal term. Clearly not relevant here since we're talking about climate policy options, not financial derivatives.

2. Sense 2 (option%1:09:00::): "one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen" - This fits well. The text "provides a range of options" where different approaches/alternatives can be selected. The synonyms are "alternative, choice" and the example "what option did I have?" matches the usage.

3. Sense 3 (option%1:04:00::): "the act of choosing or selecting" - This is about the act of choosing itself, not the things being chosen from. The context talks about "a range of options," which are the things to be chosen from, not the act of choosing.

The correct sense is clearly #2, which refers to one of multiple alternatives or choices available. The text provides "a range of options" meaning multiple possible alternatives that can be chosen.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: question
Target surface form: questions
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=question%1:10:00:: | definition=an instance of questioning | synonyms=inquiry, enquiry, query, interrogation | examples=there was a question about my training; we made inquiries of all those who were present
2. sense_key=question%1:10:01:: | definition=the subject matter at issue | synonyms=head | examples=the question of disease merits serious discussion; under the head of minor Roman poets
3. sense_key=question%1:10:03:: | definition=a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply | synonyms=interrogation, interrogative, interrogative sentence | examples=he asked a direct question; he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
4. sense_key=question%1:07:00:: | definition=uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something | synonyms=doubt, dubiousness, doubtfulness | examples=the dubiousness of his claim; there is no question about the validity of the enterprise
5. sense_key=question%1:10:02:: | definition=a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote | synonyms=motion | examples=he made a motion to adjourn; she called for the question
6. sense_key=question%1:10:04:: | definition=an informal reference to a marriage proposal | examples=he was ready to pop the question

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 2
}
```

The context shows "questions" referring to key issues or subject matters that need to be addressed in the climate negotiations ("how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise"). This matches sense 2: "the subject matter at issue," as in "the question of disease merits serious discussion."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "questions" in this sentence:

"And it provides a range of options for the key <t>questions</t>, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

The sentence is talking about key issues or topics that need to be addressed in climate negotiations:
1. How developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output
2. What would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate

Let me examine each sense:

1. "an instance of questioning" - This refers to the act of questioning or inquiry. The example is "there was a question about my training; we made inquiries of all those who were present". This doesn't fit well because we're not talking about an act of questioning.

2. "the subject matter at issue" - This refers to the topic or issue being discussed. The example is "the question of disease merits serious discussion; under the head of minor Roman poets". This fits well! The "questions" in the context are issues/topics that need to be discussed and resolved in the climate negotiations.

3. "a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply" - This is a literal interrogative sentence or question. The examples show "he asked a direct question; he had trouble phrasing his interrogations". This doesn't fit because the text isn't providing actual interrogative sentences.

4. "uncertainty about the truth or factuality or existence of something" - This refers to doubt or uncertainty. The examples show "the dubiousness of his claim; there is no question about the validity of the enterprise". This doesn't fit the context well.

5. "a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote" - This is about formal motions. This doesn't fit the context.
The remaining senses—marriage proposals and others—don't apply here. Sense 2 clearly fits best: the "questions" are the substantive issues at stake in climate negotiations regarding emissions reductions and temperature thresholds.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: upper_limit
Target surface form: upper limit
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the <t>upper limit</t> of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context discusses the maximum acceptable level of global temperature rise that policymakers would tolerate. This is clearly referring to the largest possible quantity (sense 1: "the largest possible quantity"), not a geographical/spatial boundary (sense 2).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "upper limit" in this sentence.

The sentence reads: "...and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

In this context, "upper limit" refers to:
- The maximum amount of global temperature rise that is acceptable
- The largest possible quantity that policymakers would tolerate
- A threshold above which the temperature rise would be considered unacceptable

Looking at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=upper_limit%1:23:00:: | definition=the largest possible quantity | synonyms=maximum
   - This definition fits perfectly. The "upper limit of global temperature rise" is indeed the largest possible quantity (of temperature increase) that would be tolerated.

2. sense_key=upper_limit%1:15:00:: | definition=the limit on the upper (or northernmost) side of something
   - This definition refers to spatial/geographical limits (upper/northernmost side), which does not fit the context of global temperature rise.

The context clearly deals with a numerical/quantitative limit (how much temperature rise is acceptable), not a spatial/geographical limit. Therefore, sense 1 is the correct answer.

The sense index for sense 1 would be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: temperature
Target surface form: temperature
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=temperature%1:07:00:: | definition=the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
2. sense_key=temperature%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation of cold or heat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

The context refers to "the upper limit of global temperature rise" in a climate policy discussion. This clearly uses "temperature" as an objective physical measurement of the degree of hotness of Earth's atmosphere/environment, not as a subjective sensation. This matches sense 1, which defines temperature as "the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "temperature" in this sentence:

"And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global <t>temperature</t> rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

The context is about a U.N. climate conference discussing greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and climate policy. The text specifically discusses "the upper limit of global temperature rise" that policymakers would tolerate.

Now let's look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=temperature%1:07:00:: | definition=the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)
   - This refers to the physical property, the actual measurement/degree of hotness or coldness

2. sense_key=temperature%1:09:00:: | definition=the somatic sensation of cold or heat
   - This refers to the subjective sensation/feeling of being cold or hot

In the context of global temperature rise and climate policy, "temperature" clearly refers to the objective physical measurement of atmospheric temperature - the degree of hotness of the Earth's atmosphere/environment. This is not about anyone's sensation of feeling hot or cold, but rather the measurable degree of global warming/hotness.

This matches sense 1: the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity). In this case, the "environment" is the global atmosphere, and we're talking about the measurable degree of its hotness.

The answer should be sense_index: 1


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rise
Target surface form: rise
Context:
U.N. group drafts plan to reduce emissions The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rise%1:11:00:: | definition=a growth in strength or number or importance
2. sense_key=rise%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of changing location in an upward direction | synonyms=ascent, ascension, ascending
3. sense_key=rise%1:17:00:: | definition=an upward slope or grade (as in a road) | synonyms=ascent, acclivity, raise, climb, upgrade | examples=the car couldn't make it up the rise
4. sense_key=rise%1:11:02:: | definition=a movement upward | synonyms=rising, ascent, ascension | examples=they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon
5. sense_key=rise%1:07:02:: | definition=the amount a salary is increased | synonyms=raise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase | examples=he got a 3% raise; he got a wage hike
6. sense_key=rise%1:07:01:: | definition=the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises | synonyms=upgrade, rising slope
7. sense_key=rise%1:11:01:: | definition=a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground | synonyms=lift
8. sense_key=rise%1:11:03:: | definition=(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost | synonyms=emanation, procession | examples=the emanation of the Holy Spirit; the rising of the Holy Ghost
9. sense_key=rise%1:07:03:: | definition=an increase in cost | synonyms=boost, hike, cost increase | examples=they asked for a 10% rise in rates
10. sense_key=rise%1:04:01:: | definition=increase in price or value | synonyms=advance | examples=the news caused a general advance on the stock market

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "global temperature rise" in the context refers to an increase in the magnitude or amount of global temperature over time. Sense 1 ("a growth in strength or number or importance") best captures this meaning—an increase in a quantifiable measure. While "rise" can have spatial meanings (senses 2-4), in the context of climate science discussing temperature change, it refers to an abstract growth or increase in temperature values, not physical upward movement.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to find the best sense for "rise" in this sentence:

"...what would be the upper limit of global temperature <t>rise</t> that policymakers would be willing to tolerate."

The context is about climate change, global warming, and greenhouse gas emissions. The phrase "global temperature rise" refers to an increase in temperature - specifically, how much the global temperature could increase.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "a growth in strength or number or importance" - This could work for an abstract growth/increase
2. "the act of changing location in an upward direction" - Not about location/direction
3. "an upward slope or grade (as in a road)" - Not about a road
4. "a movement upward" - Could work for upward movement/increase
5. "the amount a salary is increased" - Not about salary
6. "the property possessed by a slope or surface that rises" - Not about a slope
7. "a wave that lifts the surface of the water or ground" - Not about waves
8. "the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost" - Not theology related
9. "an increase in cost" - Not about cost
10. "increase in price or value" - Could work for an increase

The key here is that "global temperature rise" means an increase or elevation in temperature. This is about something going up in magnitude/amount, not in spatial location.

Sense 1: "a growth in strength or number or importance" - This captures the idea of an increase in something abstract
Sense 9: "an increase in cost" - Similar structure but specific to cost
Sense 10: "increase in price or value" - Similar structure for economic value

For "global temperature rise," we need the sense that means an increase in a quantity. Sense 1 seems most general: "a growth in strength or number or importance" - temperature rise would be a growth in the amount/magnitude of temperature.

Sense 9 is specific to cost increase.
Sense 1 best describes what's happening here—a growth in temperature magnitude, which aligns with how we talk about temperature increasing in the climate context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: lot
Target surface form: lot
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a <t>lot</t> of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: | definition=a parcel of land having fixed boundaries | examples=he bought a lot on the lake
3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=set, circle, band | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: | definition=your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you) | synonyms=fortune, destiny, fate, luck, circumstances, portion | examples=whatever my fortune may be; deserved a better fate
5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: | definition=anything (straws or pebbles etc.) taken or chosen at random | synonyms=draw | examples=the luck of the draw; they drew lots for it
6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: | definition=any collection in its entirety | synonyms=bunch, caboodle | examples=she bought the whole caboodle
7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: | definition=(Old Testament) nephew of Abraham; God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah but chose to spare Lot and his family who were told to flee without looking back at the destruction

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "a lot of flexibility" means a large amount or extent of flexibility. This matches sense 1, which defines "lot" (often followed by "of") as "a large number or amount or extent." The structure and meaning parallels the given example "a deal of trouble," where both expressions indicate a significant quantity.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of "lot" in this sentence:

"It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."

The phrase "a lot of flexibility" means "a large number or amount or extent of flexibility". This is clearly indicating a large quantity or amount.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=lot%1:23:00:: - "a large number or amount or extent" with synonyms like batch, deal, flock, good deal, great deal. Examples include "a batch of letters; a deal of trouble"

2. sense_key=lot%1:15:00:: - "a parcel of land" - doesn't fit

3. sense_key=lot%1:14:00:: - "an unofficial association of people or groups" - doesn't fit

4. sense_key=lot%1:26:00:: - "your overall circumstances or condition in life" - doesn't fit

5. sense_key=lot%1:06:00:: - "anything taken or chosen at random" - doesn't fit

6. sense_key=lot%1:14:01:: - "any collection in its entirety" - could potentially fit but the primary meaning here is quantity/amount

7. sense_key=lot%1:18:00:: - The biblical figure Lot - doesn't fit

The phrase "a lot of flexibility" is idiomatically expressing a large amount. This matches sense 1 perfectly - "a large number or amount or extent" followed by "of". The phrase "a deal of trouble" in the example is very similar in structure to "a lot of flexibility".

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: flexibility
Target surface form: flexibility
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of <t>flexibility</t> to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:02:: | definition=the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped | synonyms=flexibleness
2. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of being adaptable or variable | synonyms=flexibleness | examples=he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement
3. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:03:: | definition=the trait of being easily persuaded | synonyms=tractability, tractableness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context indicates that the document "gives a lot of flexibility to the process" by providing "a range of options for the key questions" rather than prescribing rigid, fixed requirements. This reflects the quality of being adaptable and variable—allowing different approaches and possibilities in the negotiation—rather than physical flexibility (sense 1) or ease of persuasion (sense 3).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "flexibility" is being used.

The sentence is: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."

The context is about a U.N. climate conference negotiation. The document provides:
- A range of options for key questions
- How developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output
- What would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate

The "flexibility" here refers to the fact that the document provides multiple options and doesn't lock in specific numbers or rigid requirements. It allows different approaches and possibilities.

Let me examine the three senses:

1. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:02:: - "the property of being flexible; easily bent or shaped" - This is a physical property. Not applicable here.

2. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:01:: - "the quality of being adaptable or variable" with example "he enjoyed the flexibility of his working arrangement" - This is about being able to adapt, change, or vary. In the context, the document gives options and doesn't lock things in, allowing for adaptation and variability in approaches. This seems very applicable.

3. sense_key=flexibility%1:07:03:: - "the trait of being easily persuaded" - This doesn't fit the context. The document giving flexibility to the process doesn't mean it's about being easily persuaded.

The correct sense is #2 - the quality of being adaptable or variable. The document provides multiple options and allows different approaches to be taken, which is the essence of adaptability and variability.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: process
Target surface form: process
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the <t>process</t>, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: | definition=a particular course of action intended to achieve a result | synonyms=procedure | examples=the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents | synonyms=cognitive process, mental process, operation, cognitive operation | examples=the process of thinking; the cognitive operation of remembering
3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: | definition=a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant | synonyms=summons
4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: | definition=a mental process that you are not directly aware of | synonyms=unconscious process | examples=the process of denial
5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: | definition=a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant | synonyms=outgrowth, appendage | examples=a bony process
6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: | definition=a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states | synonyms=physical process | examples=events now in process; the process of calcification begins later for boys than for girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context discusses a U.N.-sponsored climate negotiation where flexibility is being given to "the process." Here, "process" refers to the negotiation procedure—a particular course of action (the steps and approaches) intended to achieve a climate agreement. This aligns directly with sense 1, which defines process as "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" and synonymizes it with "procedure."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "process" in this sentence:

"It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."

The context is about climate negotiations and discussions about a U.N.-sponsored climate conference. The "process" refers to the negotiation process or the procedure/course of action being taken to reach a climate agreement.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=process%1:04:00:: - "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" | synonyms: procedure | examples: the procedure of obtaining a driver's license; it was a process of trial and error
   - This fits well. The negotiation is a course of action intended to achieve a result (climate agreement).

2. sense_key=process%1:09:00:: - "(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity" - This is about mental processes, not relevant here.

3. sense_key=process%1:10:00:: - "a writ issued by authority of law" - This is a legal sense, not relevant here.

4. sense_key=process%1:09:01:: - "a mental process that you are not directly aware of" - This is about unconscious processes, not relevant.

5. sense_key=process%1:08:00:: - "a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism" - This is a biological sense, not relevant.

6. sense_key=process%1:03:00:: - "a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states" | synonyms: physical process | examples: events now in process; the process of calcification

The sentence talks about giving flexibility to "the process" in the context of negotiations. This is clearly referring to the negotiation process as a course of action or procedure. Sense 1 is the best fit, as it refers to "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result" with "procedure" as a synonym.
The first sense is the correct answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: washington
Target surface form: Washington
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior <t>Washington</t> representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=washington%1:15:01:: | definition=the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791 | synonyms=Washington D.C., American capital, capital of the United States
2. sense_key=washington%1:15:00:: | definition=a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific | synonyms=Evergreen State, WA
3. sense_key=washington%1:14:00:: | definition=the federal government of the United States | synonyms=Capital
4. sense_key=washington%1:18:00:: | definition=1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799) | synonyms=George Washington, President Washington
5. sense_key=washington%1:18:01:: | definition=United States educator who was born a slave but became educated and founded a college at Tuskegee in Alabama (1856-1915) | synonyms=Booker T. Washington, Booker Taliaferro Washington

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "Washington" is being used here.

The context mentions "John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."

The Sierra Club is an environmental organization. John Coequyt is described as a "Washington representative" for the Sierra Club. This is a common term in politics and advocacy - a "Washington representative" typically refers to someone who represents an organization in Washington, D.C., where the federal government is headquartered.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. Washington D.C. - the capital of the United States
2. Washington state - a state in northwestern United States
3. "the federal government of the United States" - synonyms: Capital
4. George Washington - 1st President of the United States
5. Booker T. Washington - United States educator

The phrase "Washington representative" is a standard term referring to someone who works in Washington, D.C. to represent an organization before the federal government. This could mean:
- Sense 1: The city of Washington D.C.
- Sense 3: The federal government of the United States (since "Washington" is often used metonymically to refer to the federal government)

In this context, "Washington representative" is an idiomatic expression meaning a representative working in/for the federal government in Washington, D.C. This sense is closest to sense 3, which defines Washington as "the federal government of the United States" with synonyms including "Capital."

Actually, sense 3 seems like the best fit because "Washington representative" is a way of referring to someone who represents organizations before the federal government. When we say "Washington representative," we're often referring to the seat of federal government power.

I'll go with sense 3.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representative
Context:
The U.N.-sponsored climate conference -- characterized so far by unruly posturing and mutual recriminations -- gained renewed focus Friday with the release of a document outlining ambitious greenhouse-gas reductions over the next 40 years, with industrialized nations shouldering most of the burden in the near term. The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington <t>representative</t> for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context shows John Coequyt as a "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club," indicating he speaks on behalf of the organization's policies and positions regarding climate change. This matches sense 2, which defines a representative as an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose, with synonyms like "spokesperson."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "representative" in this sentence.

The sentence is: "It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club."

Looking at the context:
- John Coequyt is described as a "senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club"
- He is speaking about a climate negotiation document
- The Sierra Club is an environmental organization

Now let me examine each candidate sense:

1. Sense 1: "a person who represents others" - This is very general
2. Sense 2: "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" | synonyms: spokesperson, interpreter, voice - This is about someone who advocates or speaks for an organization or cause
3. Sense 3: "a member of the United States House of Representatives" - This is specifically about U.S. Congress members
4. Sense 4: "an item of information that is typical of a class or group" - This is about examples/illustrations, not a person

Given the context, John Coequyt is a representative FOR the Sierra Club (an environmental organization), not a U.S. congressman. He's someone who advocates for or speaks on behalf of the Sierra Club's policies regarding climate change.

This best matches sense 2, which defines a representative as "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" with synonyms including "spokesperson" and "voice." This fits perfectly with someone being a "representative for" an organization.

The answer should be sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: document
Target surface form: document
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page <t>document</t>, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: | definition=writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature) | synonyms=written document, papers
2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: | definition=anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks
3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: | definition=a written account of ownership or obligation
4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: | definition=(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters | synonyms=text file

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word refers to a six-page written text created through official U.N. negotiations that provides official information about climate policy. This matches sense 1: "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)." The context emphasizes that this is a formal, official document produced by a U.N. ad-hoc working group containing policy information about emissions reductions and climate goals.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine the correct sense for "document" here.

The context describes: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"

The document being discussed is:
- A six-page text
- Created by drafting (composing)
- A condensed version of a 180-page negotiation text
- Contains outlines for a possible international climate deal
- Contains official information about climate policy

Now let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=document%1:10:00:: - "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)" with synonyms "written document, papers"
   - This fits well: the document provides official information about climate negotiations and policy.

2. sense_key=document%1:06:00:: - "anything serving as a representation of a person's thinking by means of symbolic marks"
   - This is too abstract/general

3. sense_key=document%1:21:00:: - "a written account of ownership or obligation"
   - This is about property/legal ownership, doesn't fit the context

4. sense_key=document%1:10:01:: - "(computer science) a computer file that contains text (and possibly formatting instructions) using seven-bit ASCII characters"
   - While the document might exist as a computer file, this sense is specifically about computer science/ASCII files, which isn't emphasized in the context

The best fit is sense 1: "writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)". The document is an official U.N. working group text containing official information about climate policy negotiations.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: negotiation
Target surface form: negotiation
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page <t>negotiation</t> text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=negotiation%1:10:00:: | definition=a discussion intended to produce an agreement | synonyms=dialogue, talks | examples=the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue
2. sense_key=negotiation%1:04:00:: | definition=the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "negotiation" in context refers to an ongoing discussion and dialogue between nations about climate change policy. The phrase "a negotiation that is running out of time" and "a 180-page negotiation text" indicates a structured discussion process intended to produce an international agreement. This aligns best with sense 1, which defines negotiation as "a discussion intended to produce an agreement," emphasizing the conversational and dialogical nature of the climate talks referenced throughout the passage.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the two candidate senses for "negotiation":

Context analysis:
The sentence mentions "a 180-page negotiation text" - Michael Zammit Cutajar "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official...described as 'the big picture.'"

This is referring to a document/text that contains negotiation material. The word is being used to describe the content or substance of the negotiation process.

Looking at the two senses:

Sense 1: "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" with synonyms "dialogue, talks" and examples like "the buyout negotiation lasted several days; they disagreed but kept an open dialogue"

Sense 2: "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms"

The context talks about "a negotiation that is running out of time" and "a 180-page negotiation text."

When they say "a 180-page negotiation text," they're referring to the document that was created as part of the ongoing negotiation process. The negotiation itself is described as "running out of time" - this suggests the negotiation as a process/activity.

Earlier in the text: "it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time" - this talks about negotiation as an ongoing activity/process.

Sense 1 emphasizes "a discussion intended to produce an agreement" - focusing on the dialogue/talks aspect.
Sense 2 emphasizes "the activity or business of negotiating an agreement" - focusing on the process/activity aspect.

Given the context "a negotiation that is running out of time" and "a 180-page negotiation text," both could work, but Sense 2 seems more precise because it emphasizes the activity and process of negotiation, which is what's being referenced here. The "negotiation" is described as an ongoing activity that has time constraints.
Sense 1's example "the buyout negotiation lasted several days" also captures this temporal dimension of an extended process. However, the "180-page negotiation text" points more toward the overall undertaking and its formal documentation rather than just the discussion itself, making Sense 2 the stronger match for how the term functions in this passage.

Actually, reconsidering once more—the text is fundamentally a record of the dialogue between nations on climate matters. That discussion-based meaning aligns with Sense 1 after all.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: text
Target surface form: text
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation <t>text</t> to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=text%1:10:00:: | definition=the words of something written | synonyms=textual matter | examples=there were more than a thousand words of text; they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech
2. sense_key=text%1:10:03:: | definition=a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon | examples=the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
3. sense_key=text%1:10:02:: | definition=a book prepared for use in schools or colleges | synonyms=textbook, text edition, schoolbook, school text | examples=his economics textbook is in its tenth edition; the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
4. sense_key=text%1:10:01:: | definition=the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) | examples=pictures made the text easier to understand

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "text" in this context refers to a written document (the climate negotiation draft). The passage uses "text" to describe the formal written material being negotiated—"the text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal" and "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text." This matches sense 1, which defines text as "the words of something written" and refers to written material in general, as shown in the example "they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "text" in this passage.

The passage is discussing a document that was drafted during climate negotiations. Specifically, it mentions:
- "the text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal"
- "the text is silent on how much money"
- "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on..."

In this context, "text" refers to a written document/document. Let me consider each sense:

1. **sense_key=text%1:10:00::**: "the words of something written" - this is a general sense referring to written material/words. Example: "there were more than a thousand words of text"

2. **sense_key=text%1:10:03::**: "a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon" - This is clearly not relevant as the context has nothing to do with the Bible or sermons.

3. **sense_key=text%1:10:02::**: "a book prepared for use in schools or colleges" - This doesn't fit. The document in question is not a textbook.

4. **sense_key=text%1:10:01::**: "the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.)" - This refers to the body of a written work, as opposed to other elements like footnotes or illustrations.

The context is discussing a formal written document (a political negotiation document). The passage refers to "text" as:
- A draft document that was boiled down
- A written work that is being negotiated

Between sense 1 and sense 4, sense 1 ("the words of something written") seems to be the best fit. It's the most general and applies to any written material. Sense 4 is more specifically about the main body as distinct from other elements like illustrations or footnotes, which isn't particularly emphasized in this context.
Sense 1 is the broadest interpretation—simply written words or material—and aligns perfectly with how the negotiation document is being referenced throughout the passage.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: climate
Target surface form: climate
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top <t>climate</t> official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=climate%1:26:00:: | definition=the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time | synonyms=clime | examples=the dank climate of southern Wales; plants from a cold clime travel best in winter
2. sense_key=climate%1:26:01:: | definition=the prevailing psychological state | synonyms=mood | examples=the climate of opinion; the national mood had changed radically since the last election

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "climate" is used in the context of global warming, greenhouse gases, carbon emissions, and temperature rise. The passage discusses "the U.N.'s top climate official" who deals with environmental and atmospheric conditions, clearly referring to the meteorological meaning of climate - the weather patterns in a location averaged over a long period of time. This is sense 1, not the psychological/mood sense (sense 2).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "climate" is being used.

The text is about:
- Global warming and greenhouse gas regulation
- Climate negotiations
- Carbon emissions and temperature rise
- Environmental policy

Looking at the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1 (climate%1:26:00::): "the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time" - This is the meteorological/environmental meaning of climate.

2. Sense 2 (climate%1:26:01::): "the prevailing psychological state" - This refers to mood or psychological atmosphere, as in "climate of opinion."

In this context, the passage repeatedly mentions:
- "global warming"
- "greenhouse gases"
- "carbon output"
- "global temperature rise"
- "climate official" (referring to someone in charge of climate matters)

The term "climate" here is clearly being used in the sense of weather/environmental patterns, not in the sense of a "psychological state" or "mood."

The phrase "U.N.'s top climate official" makes it clear this is about climate in the environmental/meteorological sense. The whole passage is about regulating greenhouse gases and managing global warming, which are climate issues in sense 1.

Therefore, the answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: official
Target surface form: official
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate <t>official</t>, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=official%1:18:01:: | definition=a worker who holds or is invested with an office | synonyms=functionary
2. sense_key=official%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who administers the rules of a game or sport | examples=the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes Yvo de Boer as "the U.N.'s top climate official," referring to someone who holds a high-ranking position in an organization. This clearly aligns with sense 1 ("a worker who holds or is invested with an office"), rather than sense 2 which refers to someone who administers rules in sports or games.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "official" is being used.

From the sentence: "Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate <t>official</t>, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"

The context indicates that Yvo de Boer is referred to as "the U.N.'s top climate official." This person is clearly a high-ranking person in the UN who holds a position/office related to climate matters.

Looking at the two senses:

1. sense_key=official%1:18:01:: - "a worker who holds or is invested with an office" | synonyms: functionary
   This refers to someone who holds an official position or office.

2. sense_key=official%1:18:00:: - "someone who administers the rules of a game or sport" | examples: the golfer asked for an official who could give him a ruling
   This refers to someone who enforces rules in sports/games.

In the context, Yvo de Boer is clearly a UN official (person in an official position), not someone administering sports rules. This clearly fits sense 1, which describes "a worker who holds or is invested with an office."

The answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: picture
Target surface form: picture
Context:
The text, which could provide the basis for a final political deal to regulate greenhouse gases, highlighted the remaining obstacles as much as it illuminated a path forward. But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big <t>picture</t>." It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=picture%1:06:00:: | definition=a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface | synonyms=image, icon, ikon | examples=they showed us the pictures of their wedding; a movie is a series of images projected so rapidly that the eye integrates them
2. sense_key=picture%1:06:01:: | definition=graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface | synonyms=painting | examples=a small painting by Picasso; he bought the painting as an investment
3. sense_key=picture%1:09:00:: | definition=a clear and telling mental image | synonyms=mental picture, impression | examples=he described his mental picture of his assailant; he had no clear picture of himself or his world
4. sense_key=picture%1:26:00:: | definition=a situation treated as an observable object | synonyms=scene | examples=the political picture is favorable; the religious scene in England has changed in the last century
5. sense_key=picture%1:10:00:: | definition=illustrations used to decorate or explain a text | synonyms=pictorial matter | examples=the dictionary had many pictures
6. sense_key=picture%1:10:02:: | definition=a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement | synonyms=movie, film, moving picture, moving-picture show, motion picture, motion-picture show | examples=they went to a movie every Saturday night; the film was shot on location
7. sense_key=picture%1:10:01:: | definition=the visible part of a television transmission | synonyms=video | examples=they could still receive the sound but the picture was gone
8. sense_key=picture%1:10:03:: | definition=a graphic or vivid verbal description | synonyms=word picture, word-painting, delineation, depiction, characterization, characterisation | examples=too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures; the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland
9. sense_key=picture%1:09:01:: | definition=a typical example of some state or quality | examples=the very picture of a modern general; she was the picture of despair
10. sense_key=picture%1:06:02:: | definition=a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material | synonyms=photograph, photo, exposure, pic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

The phrase "the big picture" in context refers to the overall situation, scope, and general outline of the negotiation and political scenario regarding climate change. This matches sense 4: "a situation treated as an observable object," which includes the synonym "scene" and examples like "the political picture is favorable." The context emphasizes that Cutajar boiled down a 180-page text to focus on the broad strokes and outlines of a possible deal—the overview of the situation, not a literal visual representation.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense for "picture" in this passage.

The phrase in question is: "the big picture."

Looking at the context, it's used by Yvo de Boer, the U.N.'s top climate official, to describe what Michael Zammit Cutajar focused on when he "boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as 'the big picture.'"

The text then explains: "It shows the outlines for a possible deal..." - so "the big picture" refers to the overall situation, the broad view of what's being negotiated.

Let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. A visual representation - No, this is about a physical image
2. Graphic art/painting - No, not about visual art
3. A clear and telling mental image - This could work - mental picture, but it's more specific about "mental"
4. A situation treated as an observable object - YES! This matches "the big picture" which refers to the overall political/negotiation situation
5. Illustrations in text - No, not about decorative images
6. A form of entertainment (movies) - No
7. Television transmission visible part - No
8. A graphic or vivid verbal description - Possibly, but less likely than 4
9. A typical example of some state or quality - No
10. A photograph/visual record - No

Sense 4 is the best fit: "a situation treated as an observable object" with synonym "scene" and examples like "the political picture is favorable." This perfectly matches the usage "the big picture" referring to the overall negotiation situation and political context.

The answer is sense 4.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: outline
Target surface form: outlines
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the <t>outlines</t> for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=outline%1:15:00:: | definition=the line that appears to bound an object | synonyms=lineation
2. sense_key=outline%1:10:00:: | definition=a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory | synonyms=synopsis, abstract, precis
3. sense_key=outline%1:09:00:: | definition=a schematic or preliminary plan | synonyms=schema, scheme

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The word "outlines" in this context refers to the basic framework or schematic structure of a proposed climate deal. The passage describes how a complex 180-page document was "boiled down" to show "the big picture" - a preliminary plan showing how emissions cuts would be structured. This aligns with sense 3's definition of "a schematic or preliminary plan" rather than sense 2 (a summary of existing arguments) or sense 1 (physical boundaries).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "outlines" in context.

The sentence is: "It shows the <t>outlines</t> for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent."

The context is about a negotiation document that shows the basic structure or plan for a climate change deal. The word "outlines" here refers to the main points or sketch of what this deal would involve.

Let me check the three candidate senses:

1. sense_key=outline%1:15:00:: | definition=the line that appears to bound an object | synonyms=lineation
   - This is about physical boundaries/edges. Not relevant here.

2. sense_key=outline%1:10:00:: | definition=a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theory | synonyms=synopsis, abstract, precis
   - This is about a summary of main points. The context says "It shows the outlines for a possible deal" - presenting the main points/structure of what the deal would entail.

3. sense_key=outline%1:09:00:: | definition=a schematic or preliminary plan | synonyms=schema, scheme
   - This is about a preliminary plan. The context mentions "shows the outlines for a possible deal" which could mean the preliminary framework.

Both 2 and 3 seem plausible, but I need to distinguish:
- Sense 2 is about a "sketchy summary of main points" - more about summarizing what already exists
- Sense 3 is about a "schematic or preliminary plan" - more about the structure/framework of what will be

Given the context "shows the outlines for a possible deal," it seems like it's showing the basic framework/plan of what the deal would involve, rather than summarizing existing points. However, it could also be interpreted as showing a summary of the main points of the proposed deal.
The fuller context about condensing a 180-page document to present the essential structure and framework points toward sense 3—a schematic or preliminary plan—rather than sense 2's summary of existing points. This fits better with how the passage describes extracting the core framework from a larger negotiation text.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: deal
Target surface form: deal
Context:
But it was seen as an important advance in a negotiation that is running out of time, with more than 100 world leaders arriving in Copenhagen next week. Forged by a U.N. ad-hoc working group, the text is silent on how much money rich countries would give poor ones to cope with global warming over the short and long term. And it provides a range of options for the key questions, including how developed and major emerging economies would cut their carbon output, and what would be the upper limit of global temperature rise that policymakers would be willing to tolerate. It gives a lot of flexibility to the process, said John Coequyt, senior Washington representative for the Sierra Club. Michael Zammit Cutajar, who drafted the six-page document, boiled down a 180-page negotiation text to focus on what the U.N.'s top climate official, Yvo de Boer, described as "the big picture." It shows the outlines for a possible <t>deal</t>, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020 by 25 to 45 percent compared with 1990 levels, while major developing countries would reduce theirs during the same period by 15 to 30 percent. Together, the countries would cut emissions between 50 and 95 percent by 2050.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: | definition=a particular instance of buying or selling | synonyms=trade, business deal | examples=it was a package deal; I had no further trade with him
2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: | definition=an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each | synonyms=bargain | examples=he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: | definition=(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent | synonyms=batch, flock, good deal, great deal, hatful, heap | examples=a batch of letters; a deal of trouble
4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: | definition=a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: | definition=wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir) | synonyms=softwood
6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: | definition=the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time | synonyms=hand | examples=I didn't hold a good hand all evening; he kept trying to see my hand
7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: | definition=the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement) | examples=he got a good deal on his car
8. sense_key=deal%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of distributing playing cards | examples=the deal was passed around the table clockwise
9. sense_key=deal%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of apportioning or distributing something | examples=the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes an international climate negotiation where "a possible deal" refers to a formal agreement between industrial nations and developing countries, with each committing to specific obligations regarding emissions reductions. This matches sense 2: "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "deal" in this passage.

The target word is "deal" used in: "It shows the outlines for a possible deal, in which industrial nations would collectively cut their emissions by 2020..."

Looking at the context, this is clearly about a formal agreement in international climate negotiations. The text discusses:
- A negotiation running out of time
- U.N. ad-hoc working group
- "the outlines for a possible deal"
- Industrial nations and developing countries agreeing to cut emissions by certain percentages

This is referring to an agreement between parties - specifically an international agreement about climate change and emissions cuts.

Now let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=deal%1:04:02:: - "a particular instance of buying or selling" - This is about transactions/commerce, not relevant here.

2. sense_key=deal%1:10:00:: - "an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each" with synonyms "bargain" and examples like "he made a bargain with the devil; he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals" - This fits perfectly! It's about an agreement between parties with fixed obligations (the emissions cuts).

3. sense_key=deal%1:23:00:: - "a large number or amount or extent" - Not applicable here.

4. sense_key=deal%1:27:00:: - "a plank of softwood" - Completely irrelevant.

5. sense_key=deal%1:27:01:: - "wood that is easy to saw" - Completely irrelevant.

6. sense_key=deal%1:14:00:: - "the cards held in a card game" - Not relevant.

7. sense_key=deal%1:11:00:: - "the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement)" - This could work but it's more about the treatment/terms received, not the agreement itself.
The remaining senses—distributing playing cards and apportioning things—don't apply to this context. The climate agreement clearly matches sense 2, which captures an accord between parties with defined obligations regarding emissions reductions. The answer is index 2.