[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cool
Target surface form: cool
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this <t>cool</t> autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cool%3:00:01:: | definition=neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat | examples=a cool autumn day; a cool room
2. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:composed:00 | definition=marked by calm self-control (especially in trying circumstances); unemotional | synonyms=coolheaded, nerveless | examples=play it cool; keep cool
3. sense_key=cool%3:00:03:: | definition=(color) inducing the impression of coolness; used especially of greens and blues and violets | examples=cool greens and blues and violets
4. sense_key=cool%3:00:02:: | definition=psychologically cool and unenthusiastic; unfriendly or unresponsive or showing dislike | examples=relations were cool and polite; a cool reception
5. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:unqualified:02 | definition=(used of a number or sum) without exaggeration or qualification | examples=a cool million bucks
6. sense_key=cool%5:00:00:fashionable:00 | definition=fashionable and attractive at the time; often skilled or socially adept | examples=he's a cool dude; that's cool

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "cool" in "this cool autumn evening" refers to the physical temperature of the evening. The context describes an idyllic autumn scene at a church, where "cool" is used to characterize the pleasant, moderate temperature of the season. This matches sense 1, which defines cool as "neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat" with the directly parallel example "a cool autumn day."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "cool" in this passage about a church in England.

The sentence is: "...this cool autumn evening."

The context describes an autumn evening at a church in England. The passage is talking about the physical atmosphere and setting of an autumn evening.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat" - examples include "a cool autumn day; a cool room" - This refers to temperature and physical sensation.

2. "marked by calm self-control (especially in trying circumstances); unemotional" - examples include "play it cool; keep cool" - This refers to emotional composure.

3. "(color) inducing the impression of coolness; used especially of greens and blues and violets" - This refers to colors.

4. "psychologically cool and unemotional; unfriendly or unresponsive or showing dislike" - examples include "relations were cool and polite" - This refers to interpersonal relationships.

5. "(used of a number or sum) without exaggeration or qualification" - examples include "a cool million bucks" - This refers to amounts of money.

6. "fashionable and attractive at the time; often skilled or socially adept" - examples include "he's a cool dude; that's cool" - This refers to being fashionable/trendy.

In the context "this cool autumn evening," the word "cool" is describing the temperature or physical sensation of the evening. The passage is setting a pastoral, peaceful scene of a church service in autumn. An "cool autumn evening" refers to the temperature being comfortably cool (not warm, not cold).

This clearly matches sense 1: "neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat" with the example "a cool autumn day" which is nearly identical to our context.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn <t>evening</t>. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes "this cool autumn evening," referring to a specific time of day characterized by decreasing daylight in autumn. The passage also mentions "evening service," which is a religious service held during the latter part of the day. This clearly aligns with Sense 1, which defines evening as "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)." Sense 2 is metaphorical and inapplicable here, while Sense 3 refers to evening as a designated time period spent in a special activity, which is not the meaning intended in this context.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for "evening" in this passage.

The context is: "But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn <t>evening</t>."

And also later: "who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. **Sense 1**: "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)" - synonyms: eve, even, eventide - examples: "he enjoyed the evening light across the lake"

2. **Sense 2**: "a later concluding time period" - examples: "it was the evening of the Roman Empire" (this is metaphorical)

3. **Sense 3**: "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way" - examples: "an evening at the opera"

In the context, "this cool autumn evening" refers to a specific time of day - the latter part of the day when it's autumn and cool. The phrase "cool autumn evening" describes the physical time and weather conditions of late afternoon/early evening during autumn.

Also, the passage mentions "Sunday morning and evening service" - this is referring to religious services that occur in the evening (late afternoon/early evening).

The most natural interpretation is Sense 1 - the latter part of the day, the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall. This fits with "cool autumn evening" and with "evening service" (a service held in the evening time).

Sense 2 is metaphorical and wouldn't fit here.

Sense 3 is about an evening spent in a special way (like at the opera), but the context here is just describing a time of day, not an event or activity spent in a particular way.
Sense 1 is the correct answer.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: most
Target surface form: most
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like <t>most</t> of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=most%3:00:02:: | definition=(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number | examples=who has the most apples?; most people like eggs
2. sense_key=most%3:00:01:: | definition=the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree | examples=made the most money he could; what attracts the most attention?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows "most of the other 6,000 churches," where "most" is used with a count noun (churches) to indicate the greatest number. This matches sense 1, which explicitly handles "count nouns" and means "the greatest in number," as seen in the similar example "most people like eggs."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "most" in the context:

"Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band" of ringers..."

The word "most" here is being used as a quantifier. Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "(superlative of `many' used with count nouns and often preceded by `the') quantifier meaning the greatest in number"
   - Examples: "who has the most apples?"; "most people like eggs"

2. Sense 2: "the superlative of `much' that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by `the'; a quantifier meaning the greatest in amount or extent or degree"
   - Examples: "made the most money he could"; "what attracts the most attention?"

In the context: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches..."

The phrase "most of the other 6,000 churches" is referring to a plurality of count nouns (churches). The word "most" here means "the greatest number of" - we're talking about 6,000 churches, which is a countable noun.

This clearly fits Sense 1, which is used with count nouns. The example "most people like eggs" is very similar in structure to our usage.

Sense 2 would be used with mass nouns like "money" or "attention," which are not countable in the same way.

So the answer is sense_index: 1


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the <t>other</t> 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows "other" being used to refer to churches that are not the one specifically mentioned (St. Michael and All Angels). The phrase "most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain" clearly means "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied," which directly matches sense 1. This is the standard contrastive use of "other" distinguishing additional items from those already discussed.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "other" appears:

"Like most of the <t>other</t> 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells..."

The sentence is referring to churches that are different from the one mentioned (St. Michael and All Angels). The phrase "most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain" clearly means the churches that are not the one specifically being discussed.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
   Examples: "today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works"
   This fits the context perfectly - "other churches" means churches that are not the one already mentioned.

2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past
   Examples: "the other evening"
   This doesn't fit - we're not talking about time here.

3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past
   This doesn't fit - not about distant past.

4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected
   This doesn't fit - we're not describing churches as unusual or strange.

The best fit is clearly sense 1, which refers to things "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." This is the standard use of "other" to refer to remaining items or different items from those already mentioned.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: churches
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 <t>churches</t> in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context refers to "6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells" in their towers. This is clearly referring to physical buildings with architectural features (towers, bells, doors) where Christian worship takes place. The passage describes "St. Michael and All Angels" as "an ancient stone church" with a tower containing bells. Sense 2 ("a place for public (especially Christian) worship") is the only sense that refers to the physical structures themselves, which matches the context perfectly.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "churches" is being used.

The sentence is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers..."

The passage is talking about physical buildings that have bells - "St. Michael and All Angels" is a physical stone church building described at the beginning. It's mentioning that there are 6,000 churches in Britain that have sets of bells, and these are buildings that can have ropes and bells in their towers.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: - "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship" - This refers to denominations or religious groups, not physical buildings.

2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: - "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" / "church building" - This is about the physical place/building where worship occurs. The example given is "the church was empty" which suggests a physical location.

3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: - "a service conducted in a house of worship" / "church service" - This refers to the service/event itself, not the building.

4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: - "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church" - This refers to the congregation/community of people.

The context clearly refers to physical buildings with bells and towers ("6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells", "St. Michael and All Angels" with a stone building, tower, and bells). This is clearly referring to the physical structures themselves.

The best answer is sense 2 - "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" which is defined as a "church building."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: set
Target surface form: sets
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with <t>sets</t> of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=set%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used | examples=a set of books; a set of golf clubs
2. sense_key=set%1:14:02:: | definition=(mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols | examples=the set of prime numbers is infinite
3. sense_key=set%1:04:00:: | definition=several exercises intended to be done in series | synonyms=exercise set | examples=he did four sets of the incline bench press
4. sense_key=set%1:06:00:: | definition=representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production | synonyms=stage set | examples=the sets were meticulously authentic
5. sense_key=set%1:14:01:: | definition=an unofficial association of people or groups | synonyms=circle, band, lot | examples=the smart set goes there; they were an angry lot
6. sense_key=set%1:09:01:: | definition=a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way | synonyms=bent | examples=the set of his mind was obvious
7. sense_key=set%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of putting something in position | examples=he gave a final set to his hat
8. sense_key=set%1:28:00:: | definition=a unit of play in tennis or squash | examples=they played two sets of tennis after dinner
9. sense_key=set%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization | synonyms=hardening, solidifying, solidification, curing | examples=the hardening of concrete; he tested the set of the glue
10. sense_key=set%1:18:00:: | definition=evil Egyptian god with the head of a beast that has high square ears and a long snout; brother and murderer of Osiris | synonyms=Seth
11. sense_key=set%1:11:00:: | definition=the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon | examples=before the set of sun
12. sense_key=set%1:09:00:: | definition=(psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way | synonyms=readiness | examples=the subjects' set led them to solve problems the familiar way and to overlook the simpler solution; his instructions deliberately gave them the wrong set
13. sense_key=set%1:06:01:: | definition=any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals | examples=the early sets ran on storage batteries

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "sets of bells" refers to collections of bells that belong together and are used together. This matches sense 1: "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used," with the example "a set of golf clubs" being directly analogous—multiple objects of the same type grouped and used as a unit. The context makes clear that each church has multiple bells (five at St. Michael) that are rung together as a unified collection.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

The target word is "sets" in the phrase "sets of bells."

Let me consider the candidate senses:

1. "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used" - examples: "a set of books; a set of golf clubs" - This fits well. Bells that belong together and are used together as a group.

2. "(mathematics) an abstract collection of numbers or symbols" - This is clearly not the right sense for bells.

3. "several exercises intended to be done in series" - Not about bells.

4. "representation consisting of the scenery and other properties used to identify the location of a dramatic production" - Not about bells.

5. "an unofficial association of people or groups" - Not about bells, this would be more like "a set of people."

6. "a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way" - Not about bells.

7. "the act of putting something in position" - Not about bells.

8. "a unit of play in tennis or squash" - Not about bells.

9. "the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization" - Not about bells.

10. Egyptian god - Not relevant.

11. "the descent of a heavenly body below the horizon" - Not about bells.

12. "(psychology) being temporarily ready to respond in a particular way" - Not about bells.

13. "any electronic equipment that receives or transmits radio or tv signals" - Not about bells.

The best answer is sense 1: "a group of things of the same kind that belong together and are so used" - This perfectly describes "sets of bells" - a collection of bells that belong together and are used together to ring out from the church tower.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of <t>bells</t>, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to the physical bell objects themselves—"five bells that first sounded here in 1614" and "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells." These are the actual metal bells mounted in the church tower that produce sound when struck, fitting the definition "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The passage is about an ancient stone church in England where there are five bells in the tower that are being rung by five men and women pulling on ropes. The text mentions "the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong" and "the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."

The passage also mentions that "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

So what are these "bells"? Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - This is the physical bell object itself
2. "a push button at an outer door" - This is a doorbell, doesn't fit
3. "the sound of a bell being struck" - This is the sound/noise
4. "nautical time units" - This is ship's bells, doesn't fit
5. "the shape of a bell" - This is the shape, doesn't fit
6-8. Names of people - Don't fit
9. "percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells" - This is a chime/gong, similar concept but slightly different
10. "the flared opening of a tubular device" - This is a shape, doesn't fit

The context clearly refers to the physical bells themselves - "five bells that first sounded here in 1614" and "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells."

This is clearly referring to the physical metal bells that make a ringing sound when struck (sense 1). The bells are the objects themselves that are being rung, not the sound they produce.

So the answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: once
Target surface form: once
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael <t>once</t> had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The word "once" in this context means "at a previous time" or "formerly." The sentence states that St. Michael "once had its own band of ringers," contrasting the church's past with its present situation where "only one local ringer remains." This is clearly indicating a former state of affairs, which aligns with sense 3 (formerly, at one time).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "once" is being used.

The sentence is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

The key phrase is "St. Michael once had its own band of ringers" - this is describing something that happened in the past. The church used to have a band of ringers, but now it doesn't (as indicated by the next sentence: "Now, only one local ringer remains").

Let me look at the three senses:

1. sense_key=once%4:02:00:: | definition=on one occasion | synonyms=one time, in one case | examples=once I ran into her
   - This means "one time" in a single instance. Not the right meaning here.

2. sense_key=once%4:02:02:: | definition=as soon as | examples=once we are home, we can rest
   - This means "when" or "immediately when." Not the right meaning here.

3. sense_key=once%4:02:01:: | definition=at a previous time | synonyms=formerly, at one time, erstwhile, erst | examples=at one time he loved her; her erstwhile writing
   - This means "at a previous time" or "formerly." This matches perfectly! The church "at a previous time" had its own band of ringers.

The context clearly indicates that this is about something from the past - the church used to have ringers but now doesn't. This is a direct match with sense 3, which means "at a previous time" or "formerly."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of <t>ringers</t>, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "ringers" in this passage.

The context is about a church in Aslacton, England. The passage discusses:
- An ancient stone church with bells in its tower
- "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells"
- The passage states "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."
- "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

This is clearly talking about people who ring church bells. The passage explicitly mentions them pulling ropes attached to bells and heralding services, which is the traditional function of bell ringers in churches.

Let me check the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
   - This matches perfectly - people who ring church bells

2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
   - This doesn't fit - not about look-alikes

3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
   - This doesn't fit - not about fraudulent contestants

4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg
   - This doesn't fit - not about horseshoes

The answer is clearly sense 1, the person who rings church bells.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sunday
Target surface form: Sunday
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every <t>Sunday</t> morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sunday%1:28:00:: | definition=first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians | synonyms=Lord's Day, Dominicus, Sun
2. sense_key=sunday%1:18:00:: | definition=United States evangelist (1862-1935) | synonyms=Billy Sunday, William Ashley Sunday

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "sunday" and the surface form is "Sunday". I need to determine which sense of "Sunday" is being used in the context.

Let me analyze the context:
"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every <t>Sunday</t> morning and evening service."

The context is about church bells and church services. The phrase "every Sunday morning and evening service" clearly refers to the day of the week that is observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians. This is a temporal reference to the day of the week, not a reference to a person.

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=sunday%1:28:00:: | definition=first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians | synonyms=Lord's Day, Dominicus, Sun
2. sense_key=sunday%1:18:00:: | definition=United States evangelist (1862-1935) | synonyms=Billy Sunday, William Ashley Sunday

Sense 1 is clearly the correct one. The context talks about "every Sunday morning and evening service" in a church, which is definitely referring to the day of the week, not to Billy Sunday the evangelist.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: morning
Target surface form: morning
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday <t>morning</t> and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=morning%1:28:00:: | definition=the time period between dawn and noon | synonyms=morn, morning time, forenoon | examples=I spent the morning running errands
2. sense_key=morning%1:10:00:: | definition=a conventional expression of greeting or farewell | synonyms=good morning
3. sense_key=morning%1:28:01:: | definition=the first light of day | synonyms=dawn, dawning, aurora, first light, daybreak, break of day | examples=we got up before dawn; they talked until morning
4. sense_key=morning%1:11:00:: | definition=the earliest period | synonyms=dawn | examples=the dawn of civilization; the morning of the world

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "morning" appears:

"...who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

The target word "morning" is used here to describe when church services would happen - specifically "Sunday morning service." This is a temporal reference to when services occur during the day.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "the time period between dawn and noon" - This is the period of the day from dawn until noon. In the context, "Sunday morning service" refers to a service that happens during this time period. This seems to fit well.

2. "a conventional expression of greeting or farewell" - This doesn't fit. The context isn't about greeting someone with "good morning."

3. "the first light of day" - This refers to dawn/daybreak. While technically morning starts around this time, the context is specifically about a service happening on Sunday morning, which would be at a specific time during the morning period, not necessarily at first light.

4. "the earliest period" - This is metaphorical (like "the morning of civilization") and doesn't fit the literal time of day reference in the context.

The most natural interpretation is sense 1: "the time period between dawn and noon" - this is the standard usage of morning as a time period during which services would be held on Sunday mornings.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evening
Target surface form: evening
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and <t>evening</t> service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evening%1:28:00:: | definition=the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall) | synonyms=eve, even, eventide | examples=he enjoyed the evening light across the lake
2. sense_key=evening%1:28:01:: | definition=a later concluding time period | examples=it was the evening of the Roman Empire
3. sense_key=evening%1:28:02:: | definition=the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way | examples=an evening at the opera

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "evening" in the phrase "every Sunday morning and evening service" refers to the latter part of the day as a time of day when services are held. This aligns with sense 1, which defines evening as "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)." The context reinforces this with the mention of "evensong" earlier in the passage, which is a traditional evening prayer service. Sense 2 is too abstract/metaphorical, and sense 3 refers to social activities rather than the time of day itself.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "evening" in this passage.

The target word appears in this context:
"...who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service."

The phrase is "evening service" - this is referring to a religious service that takes place in the evening, particularly an evensong or evening prayer service.

Let me consider each sense:

1. Sense 1: "the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)" - This refers to the time of day when daylight is fading. This would be an appropriate time for an evening service.

2. Sense 2: "a later concluding time period" - This is more metaphorical/abstract (like "the evening of the Roman Empire"), which doesn't fit here.

3. Sense 3: "the early part of night (from dinner until bedtime) spent in a special way" - This refers to evening as a time period for social activities/entertainment, like "an evening at the opera."

The context is about "evening service" - a religious service held in the evening. This is referring to the actual time of day when such a service would be held - the latter part of the day when it's getting dark. This aligns best with sense 1.

The passage even mentions "evensong" at the beginning, which is specifically an evening prayer service. The context is clearly about the time of day, not about social activities (sense 3) or metaphorical time periods (sense 2).

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: service
Target surface form: service
Context:
ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening <t>service</t>. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=service%1:04:08:: | definition=work done by one person or group that benefits another | examples=budget separately for goods and services
2. sense_key=service%1:04:00:: | definition=an act of help or assistance | examples=he did them a service
3. sense_key=service%1:04:01:: | definition=the act of public worship following prescribed rules | synonyms=religious service, divine service | examples=the Sunday service
4. sense_key=service%1:14:05:: | definition=a company or agency that performs a public service; subject to government regulation
5. sense_key=service%1:04:07:: | definition=employment in or work for another | examples=he retired after 30 years of service
6. sense_key=service%1:14:00:: | definition=a force that is a branch of the armed forces | synonyms=military service, armed service
7. sense_key=service%1:18:00:: | definition=Canadian writer (born in England) who wrote about life in the Yukon Territory (1874-1958) | synonyms=Robert William Service
8. sense_key=service%1:07:00:: | definition=a means of serving | synonyms=avail, help | examples=of no avail; there's no help for it
9. sense_key=service%1:06:00:: | definition=tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table | synonyms=table service
10. sense_key=service%1:04:03:: | definition=the act of mating by male animals | synonyms=servicing | examples=the bull was worth good money in servicing fees
11. sense_key=service%1:04:09:: | definition=(law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him
12. sense_key=service%1:04:02:: | definition=(sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play | synonyms=serve | examples=his powerful serves won the game
13. sense_key=service%1:04:04:: | definition=the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone | synonyms=serving, service of process | examples=he accepted service of the subpoena
14. sense_key=service%1:04:05:: | definition=periodic maintenance on a car or machine | synonyms=overhaul, inspection and repair | examples=it was time for an overhaul on the tractor
15. sense_key=service%1:04:06:: | definition=the performance of duties by a waiter or servant | examples=that restaurant has excellent service

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The context clearly refers to Sunday morning and evening religious worship services at the church. The passage mentions "calling the faithful to evensong" and bell ringers who "would herald every Sunday morning and evening service," which directly corresponds to sense 3 - "the act of public worship following prescribed rules" with the exact example "the Sunday service."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band" of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening <t>service</t>."

The context is about:
- A church (St. Michael and All Angels)
- Church bells
- Sunday morning and evening services
- Bell ringers who would herald/announce the service

The word "service" here clearly refers to a religious service - specifically, the Sunday morning and evening worship services at the church. This is consistent with the opening paragraph mentioning "calling the faithful to evensong" (evensong is an evening church service).

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. Work done by one person or group that benefits another - No, doesn't fit
2. An act of help or assistance - No, too general
3. "The act of public worship following prescribed rules" with synonyms "religious service, divine service" and example "the Sunday service" - YES, this fits perfectly!
4. A company or agency that performs a public service - No, not applicable
5. Employment in or work for another - No
6. A branch of the armed forces - No
7. Canadian writer - No
8. A means of serving - Too vague
9. Tableware - No
10. Mating by animals - No
11. Feudal tenant duties - No
12. Sports stroke - No
13. Legal act of delivering - No
14. Maintenance on a car - No
15. Performance of duties by waiter or servant - No

The answer is clearly sense 3, which is explicitly about "the act of public worship following prescribed rules" with the example "the Sunday service" which matches exactly what we have in the context - Sunday morning and evening services at a church.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: now
Target surface form: Now
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. <t>Now</t>, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=now%4:02:05:: | definition=in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events | examples=President Kennedy now calls in the National Guard; Washington now decides to cross the Delaware
2. sense_key=now%4:02:00:: | definition=in these times; - Nancy Mitford | synonyms=nowadays, today | examples=it is solely by their language that the upper classes nowadays are distinguished; we now rarely see horse-drawn vehicles on city streets
3. sense_key=now%4:02:02:: | definition=used to preface a command or reproof or request | examples=now hear this!; now pay attention
4. sense_key=now%4:02:04:: | definition=at the present moment | synonyms=at present | examples=goods now on sale; the now-aging dictator
5. sense_key=now%4:02:01:: | definition=without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening | synonyms=immediately, instantly, straightaway, straight off, directly, right away | examples=he answered immediately; found an answer straightaway
6. sense_key=now%4:02:07:: | definition=(prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity | examples=Now the next problem is...
7. sense_key=now%4:02:06:: | definition=in the immediate past | examples=told me just now

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 6}
```

The word "Now" in this context functions as a transitional marker indicating a shift from describing the historical past situation (when St. Michael had its own band of ringers) to the current present-day reality (only one local ringer remains). This prefatory/transitional use introducing a change in the narrative focus matches sense 6 best, similar to how "Now the next problem is..." introduces a new topic.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "Now" is being used.

The sentence is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

Looking at the context:
- The passage is describing the history and current state of bell ringers at a church
- It discusses how "St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers" (past tense)
- Then it says "Now, only one local ringer remains" (present contrast to the past)

This "Now" is being used to contrast the present situation with the past situation that was just described. It's indicating the current state of affairs, specifically marking a shift from the past description to the present reality.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. sense_key=now%4:02:05:: - "in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events" - This is used when narrating past events as if they're happening in the present. The context isn't really narrating past events in present tense here.

2. sense_key=now%4:02:00:: - "in these times" (nowadays, today) - This refers to the present time in general, modern times. The example "we now rarely see horse-drawn vehicles on city streets" shows this sense describing the current state of things. This could fit.

3. sense_key=now%4:02:02:: - "used to preface a command or reproof or request" - Examples: "now hear this!" This is clearly not a command or reproof.

4. sense_key=now%4:02:04:: - "at the present moment" - This refers to the current state at this moment. The example "goods now on sale" shows present-moment availability.

5. sense_key=now%4:02:01:: - "without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening" - This is about immediacy/urgency. Not applicable here.
6. sense_key=now%4:02:07:: - "(prefatory or transitional) indicates a change of subject or activity" - Examples: "Now the next problem is..." This could fit as it marks a transition. 7. sense_key=now%4:02:06:: - "in the immediate past" - Examples: "told me just now" - This is about the recent past, not applicable.

The most likely candidates are sense 2 (describing the current state of things in modern times), sense 4 (the present moment), or sense 7 (transitional marker signaling a shift). Given that the word introduces a contrast between what the church once had and what remains today, it's functioning both as a temporal marker for the present state and as a transitional device moving from historical context to current reality. 2 and 4 both capture temporal aspects, but sense 6's transitional function—introducing a new point about the present situation after discussing the past—aligns better with how "Now" operates here. The structure mirrors the example "Now the next problem is..." where it marks a shift in focus rather than simply indicating a time point.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: only
Target surface form: only
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, <t>only</t> one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=only%4:02:02:: | definition=and nothing more | synonyms=merely, simply, just, but | examples=I was merely asking; it is simply a matter of time
2. sense_key=only%4:02:01:: | definition=without any others being included or involved | synonyms=entirely, exclusively, solely, alone | examples=was entirely to blame; a school devoted entirely to the needs of problem children
3. sense_key=only%4:02:00:: | definition=with nevertheless the final result | examples=He arrived only to find his wife dead; We won only to lose again in the next round
4. sense_key=only%4:02:04:: | definition=in the final outcome | examples=These news will only make you more upset
5. sense_key=only%4:02:06:: | definition=except that | examples=It was the same story; only this time she came out better
6. sense_key=only%4:02:03:: | definition=never except when | synonyms=only if, only when | examples=call me only if your cold gets worse
7. sense_key=only%4:02:05:: | definition=as recently as | examples=I spoke to him only an hour ago

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

In this context, "only one local ringer remains" means that exactly one local ringer exists—no others. This uses "only" to express exclusivity and singularity (exclusively one, without any others being included). This aligns with sense 2's definition of "without any others being included or involved" with synonyms like "exclusively," "solely," and "alone."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context around "only" in this sentence:

"Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

The context is explaining that St. Michael once had multiple ringers, but now there is just one local ringer. The word "only" here means "and nothing more" or "solely" - it indicates that just one ringer is left, exclusively.

Let me consider each sense:

1. "and nothing more" (merely, simply, just, but) - This could fit as it means "just one"
2. "without any others being included or involved" (entirely, exclusively, solely, alone) - This fits well - it means only one (exclusively one, no others)
3. "with nevertheless the final result" - Doesn't fit this context
4. "in the final outcome" - Doesn't fit
5. "except that" - Doesn't fit
6. "never except when" - Doesn't fit
7. "as recently as" - Doesn't fit

Between senses 1 and 2:
- Sense 1: "and nothing more" - implies "just, merely, simply"
- Sense 2: "without any others being included or involved" - implies "exclusively, solely, entirely, alone"

In the context "only one local ringer remains," the sense is that exclusively one ringer remains (no others remain). This is more about exclusivity than about "merely" or "simply".

Looking at the examples:
- Sense 1: "I was merely asking" - this is about degree or manner
- Sense 2: "was entirely to blame" - this is about exclusivity/entirety

The sentence "only one local ringer remains" is closer in meaning to "solely one local ringer remains" or "exclusively one local ringer remains" rather than "merely one local ringer remains."
Sense 2 captures the exclusivity better—it's emphasizing that one and only one ringer is left, with no others involved. While both senses technically apply to "only one," the emphasis here is on the exclusive number rather than a simple or mere quality.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: local
Target surface form: local
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one <t>local</t> ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=local%3:00:01:: | definition=relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area | examples=local taxes; local authorities
2. sense_key=local%3:01:01:: | definition=of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood | examples=local customs; local schools
3. sense_key=local%3:00:02:: | definition=affecting only a restricted part or area of the body | examples=local anesthesia

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "local" in this context refers to Derek Hammond being a bell ringer from the particular locality or neighborhood of Aslacton. This is supported by the contrasting statement "The others here today live elsewhere," which emphasizes that Derek is from the local area. Sense 2 ("of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood") is the best fit, as it indicates someone who belongs to or is characteristic of the specific place being discussed.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "local" in this sentence:

"Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

The context is about St. Michael and All Angels church in Aslacton. The text discusses how the church once had its own "band" of ringers (bell ringers), but now only one local ringer remains.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area" - This is about local government/administration (local taxes, local authorities). This doesn't fit the context about bell ringers.

2. "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood" - This means someone/something from or belonging to a specific place or area. In this context, "local ringer" would mean a bell ringer from the local area/community of Aslacton, as opposed to someone from elsewhere. This fits perfectly given that the text mentions "The others here today live elsewhere" - implying Derek Hammond is from the local area.

3. "affecting only a restricted part or area of the body" - This is about medical anesthesia and body parts. This clearly doesn't apply to bell ringers.

The best fit is sense 2: "of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood". The "local ringer" is someone from the local community/area, as opposed to the others who live elsewhere.

The answer should be {"sense_index": 2}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringer
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local <t>ringer</t> remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly describes church bell ringers - people who pull ropes attached to bells to ring them for Sunday services and evensong. Derek Hammond is described as "one local ringer" in a church setting where "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells." This matches the definition of someone who rings church bells to summon the congregation.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "ringer" in this passage.

The context is about church bells in England. The passage discusses:
- A church with bells in its tower
- Members pulling ropes attached to bells
- The church once had a "band of ringers"
- Now only one local "ringer" remains: Derek Hammond

The passage explicitly states "members here today...pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells" and refers to these people as "ringers." The context is clearly about people who ring church bells.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)" - This matches perfectly with the context. The passage discusses bells ringing for church services (Sunday morning and evening services, evensong) and people pulling ropes attached to bells.

2. "a person who is almost identical to another" (dead ringer, clone) - This does not fit the context at all.

3. "a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses" - This does not fit the context.

4. "(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg" - This is about the game of horseshoes, not church bells.

The clear answer is sense 1 - a person who rings church bells.

The instruction asks me to return only a JSON object with sense_index. So I need to return the index number for sense 1.

Looking at the candidate senses list, sense 1 is the first one listed, so the sense_index would be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: remain
Target surface form: remains
Context:
Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer <t>remains</t>: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=remain%2:30:00:: | definition=stay the same; remain in a certain state | synonyms=stay, rest | examples=The dress remained wet after repeated attempts to dry it; rest assured
2. sense_key=remain%2:42:03:: | definition=continue in a place, position, or situation | synonyms=stay, stay on, continue | examples=After graduation, she stayed on in Cambridge as a student adviser; Stay with me, please
3. sense_key=remain%2:42:05:: | definition=be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc. | examples=There remains the question of who pulled the trigger; Carter remains the only President in recent history under whose Presidency the U.S. did not fight a war
4. sense_key=remain%2:42:01:: | definition=stay behind | synonyms=persist, stay | examples=The smell stayed in the room; The hostility remained long after they made up

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The sentence "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond" uses "remains" in the sense of "be left"—indicating that Derek Hammond is the only local ringer left, as the others have moved away ("The others here today live elsewhere"). The context emphasizes what has been left behind after the band of ringers has diminished, which directly parallels the example "There remains the question of who pulled the trigger."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "remains" in the given sentence.

The sentence is: "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond."

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=remain%2:30:00:: - "stay the same; remain in a certain state" - This means something stays in the same condition. Examples: "The dress remained wet", "rest assured". This doesn't fit well because the sentence is not about Derek Hammond staying in a condition, but rather about his continued existence or presence.

2. sense_key=remain%2:42:03:: - "continue in a place, position, or situation" - This means to stay in a particular place or position. Examples: "she stayed on in Cambridge", "Stay with me, please". This could fit - Derek Hammond continues to be a local ringer (he's still in that position/role).

3. sense_key=remain%2:42:05:: - "be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc." - This means something is left over or surviving. Examples: "There remains the question", "Carter remains the only President...". This fits well - Derek Hammond is the only one left as a local ringer. The others have left/moved elsewhere.

4. sense_key=remain%2:42:01:: - "stay behind" - This means something persists or stays behind. Examples: "The smell stayed in the room", "The hostility remained". This could fit - Derek Hammond stayed behind as a local ringer while others left.

The key context is: "Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band" of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere."

This indicates that the band of ringers has dwindled - only one is left. The sentence emphasizes that while others have left or moved away, Derek Hammond is the only one remaining locally.
Sense 3 best captures the meaning here—Derek Hammond is the sole survivor of the original band, with the parallel construction "There remains the question" showing how this sense conveys what's left after others have departed. While sense 4 could work, sense 3 more directly expresses the notion of being left behind.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others <t>here</t> today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 1}

The word "here" in "The others here today live elsewhere" refers to the location at St. Michael and All Angels church where the ringers have gathered. It indicates the specific place where the speaker/writer is referring to - the ringers who are present at this place (the church). This matches sense 1: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "here" in "The others here today live elsewhere."

Looking at the sentence: "The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers..."

The word "here" refers to the location/place in question - specifically at St. Michael and All Angels church, or the ringers at this church. The speaker is saying "the other [ringers] here [at this church] today live elsewhere."

Let me examine each sense:

1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - This fits. "Here" means at this place (the church, or the location where the ringers currently are).

2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - This is about a circumstance or respect, not really about location.

3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - This refers to movement toward, not presence at a location. The example "come here, please" shows movement. But in the context, "here" is not indicating movement - it's indicating presence.

4. "at this time; now" - This means at the current time, but in the context, "here" is not primarily about time.

The most appropriate sense is sense 1: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - the ringers are "here" meaning at this location (at the church), despite living elsewhere.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: today
Target surface form: today
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here <t>today</t> live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=today%1:28:00:: | definition=the present time or age | examples=the world of today; today we have computers
2. sense_key=today%1:28:01:: | definition=the day that includes the present moment (as opposed to yesterday or tomorrow) | examples=Today is beautiful; did you see today's newspaper?

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "today" in the context "The others here today live elsewhere" refers to the specific current day when the ringers are gathering at the church for Sunday service. This matches sense 2, which defines "today" as the day that includes the present moment (as opposed to yesterday or tomorrow). The context emphasizes a particular autumn evening when these ringers have assembled, making it about the specific calendar day rather than the general present age or era.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "today" in the sentence:

"The others here today live elsewhere."

I need to determine whether "today" refers to:
1. The present time or age (general present period)
2. The specific day that includes the present moment (the current calendar day)

Looking at the context:
- The sentence is talking about ringers who are currently present at the church
- "The others here today" means the other ringers who are physically present at this moment
- It's referring to a specific point in time (during this particular church visit)

The context mentions "this cool autumn evening" which indicates a specific day/time period. The word "today" in "The others here today" is being used to indicate the current/present day - the day on which these ringers are gathered.

This is referring to a specific calendar day (opposed to yesterday or tomorrow), not the general "present age" or "present time period."

Sense 2 (the day that includes the present moment) is the better fit because:
- It's referring to a specific day
- The examples "Today is beautiful" and "did you see today's newspaper?" show similar usage
- The context implies a particular day/date when these events are happening

The answer should be sense_index: 2


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: live
Target surface form: live
Context:
The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today <t>live</t> elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=live%2:42:08:: | definition=inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of | synonyms=populate, dwell, inhabit | examples=People lived in Africa millions of years ago; The people inhabited the islands that are now deserted
2. sense_key=live%2:42:06:: | definition=lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style | examples=we had to live frugally after the war
3. sense_key=live%2:42:04:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=survive, last, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
4. sense_key=live%2:42:01:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, survive, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
5. sense_key=live%2:42:00:: | definition=have life, be alive | synonyms=be | examples=Our great leader is no more; My grandfather lived until the end of war
6. sense_key=live%2:31:00:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=know, experience | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
7. sense_key=live%2:42:07:: | definition=pursue a positive and satisfying existence | examples=You must accept yourself and others if you really want to live

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine the best sense for "live" in this sentence.

The sentence is: "The others here today live elsewhere."

Context: The passage is about church bell ringers in East Anglia. Derek Hammond is the only local ringer who remains. The other 15 ringers "live elsewhere" - meaning they live in different locations, not where the church is, but they drive to the church every Sunday.

So the meaning here is: "The others live in a different place/location" - they are inhabitants of other places.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. "inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of" - This is about dwelling/inhabiting a place. "They live elsewhere" means they are inhabitants of other places. This fits well.

2. "lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style" - This is about how one lives (lifestyle), not where. Doesn't fit.

3. "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - This is about surviving difficulties. Doesn't fit.

4. "support oneself" - This is about financial survival. Doesn't fit.

5. "have life, be alive" - This is the basic existence sense. Could fit but is too general/basic.

6. "have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations" - This is about experiencing something. Doesn't fit.

7. "pursue a positive and satisfying existence" - This is about living well/satisfying life. Doesn't fit.

The best fit is sense 1: "inhabit or live in; be an inhabitant of" because "live elsewhere" means they inhabit/dwell in other locations. This is the most specific and contextually appropriate meaning.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: group
Target surface form: group
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a <t>group</t> of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=group%1:03:00:: | definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
2. sense_key=group%1:27:00:: | definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
3. sense_key=group%1:09:00:: | definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes 15 bell ringers organized together as a unified entity: "They belong to a group of 15 ringers...who drive every Sunday from church to church." This is a social collection of individuals considered as a single unit for a common purpose, which matches the definition "any number of entities (members) considered as a unit."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of "group" in this passage.

The sentence reads: "They belong to a group of 15 ringers -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia."

The word "group" here refers to a collection of 15 ringers (bell ringers). They are:
- 15 people total
- Organized as a unit for the purpose of ringing church bells
- They work together and travel together

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=group%1:03:00:: | definition=any number of entities (members) considered as a unit | synonyms=grouping
   - This refers to any collection of members/entities as a single unit
   - This fits perfectly - the 15 ringers are considered as a unit

2. sense_key=group%1:27:00:: | definition=(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule | synonyms=radical, chemical group
   - This is about chemistry, atoms and molecules
   - Not applicable here

3. sense_key=group%1:09:00:: | definition=a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse | synonyms=mathematical group
   - This is a mathematical definition (group theory)
   - Not applicable here

The correct answer is clearly sense 1, as the passage describes 15 ringers organized together as a unit - a social group of people.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: ringer
Target surface form: ringers
Context:
In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service. Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond. The others here today live elsewhere. They belong to a group of 15 <t>ringers</t> -- including two octogenarians and four youngsters in training -- who drive every Sunday from church to church in a sometimes-exhausting effort to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries of East Anglia. "To ring for even one service at this tower, we have to scrape, "says Mr. Hammond, a retired water-authority worker. "

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=ringer%1:18:02:: | definition=a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation) | synonyms=toller, bell ringer
2. sense_key=ringer%1:18:01:: | definition=a person who is almost identical to another | synonyms=dead ringer, clone
3. sense_key=ringer%1:18:00:: | definition=a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses
4. sense_key=ringer%1:04:00:: | definition=(horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context makes clear that "ringers" refers to people who ring church bells. The passage describes a group of 15 people who drive from church to church every Sunday pulling ropes attached to bells in the belfries of East Anglia. This matches sense 1: "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)." The synonyms "toller" and "bell ringer" further confirm this interpretation.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "ringer" is being used here.

The sentence is discussing bell ringing in churches. The context mentions:
- "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to...five bells"
- "St. Michael once had its own 'band' of ringers"
- "Now, only one local ringer remains: 64-year-old Derek Hammond"
- "They belong to a group of 15 ringers...who drive every Sunday from church to church...to keep the bells sounding in the many belfries"

This is clearly about people who ring church bells. The definition matches perfectly with sense 1: "a person who rings church bells (as for summoning the congregation)".

Let me verify against the other senses:
- Sense 2: "a person who is almost identical to another" - Not relevant here
- Sense 3: "a contestant entered in a competition under false pretenses" - Not relevant here
- Sense 4: "(horseshoes) the successful throw" - Not relevant here

The answer is clearly sense 1, which is indexed as sense_index 1 (the first option in the list).