[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: study
Target surface form: studies
Context:
For the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma, Alimta has been studied in one main study in 456 patients who had not received chemotherapy for their disease before. The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: | definition=a detailed critical inspection | synonyms=survey
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: | definition=applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading) | synonyms=work | examples=mastering a second language requires a lot of work; no schools offer graduate study in interior design
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: | definition=a written document describing the findings of some individual or group | synonyms=report, written report | examples=this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: | definition=a state of deep mental absorption | examples=she is in a deep study
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: | definition=a room used for reading and writing and studying | examples=he knocked lightly on the closed door of the study
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: | definition=a branch of knowledge | synonyms=discipline, subject, subject area, subject field, field, field of study | examples=in what discipline is his doctorate?; teachers should be well trained in their subject
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: | definition=preliminary drawing for later elaboration | synonyms=sketch | examples=he made several studies before starting to paint
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: | definition=attentive consideration and meditation | synonyms=cogitation | examples=after much cogitation he rejected the offer
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who memorizes quickly and easily (as the lines for a part in a play) | examples=he is a quick study
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: | definition=a composition intended to develop one aspect of the performer's technique | examples=a study in spiccato bowing

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The target word "studies" refers to clinical research investigations that produced written reports documenting their findings on drug efficacy. This matches sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group," with the synonym "report." The example "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale" is parallel to the context here where multiple clinical studies are referenced as sources of documented evidence about Alimta's benefits.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "study" is being used here.

The target word "studies" appears in the question: "What benefit has Alimta shown during the <t>studies</t>?"

Looking at the context, the passage discusses:
- Clinical trials/experiments with Alimta for treating different types of cancer
- Multiple studies are mentioned: "one main study in 456 patients", "one study involving 571 patients", "a study involving 1,725 patients"
- These are research studies/trials investigating the effectiveness of a drug

The context clearly refers to clinical research studies - these are investigations/experiments designed to test the efficacy of the drug Alimta.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=study%1:04:00:: - "a detailed critical inspection" - Could fit, but not quite right
2. sense_key=study%1:09:03:: - "applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject" - Not the right sense
3. sense_key=study%1:10:00:: - "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" - This could work! Studies here refer to research reports
4. sense_key=study%1:09:04:: - "a state of deep mental absorption" - No
5. sense_key=study%1:06:00:: - "a room used for reading" - No
6. sense_key=study%1:09:02:: - "a branch of knowledge" - No
7. sense_key=study%1:06:01:: - "preliminary drawing" - No
8. sense_key=study%1:09:01:: - "attentive consideration" - No
9. sense_key=study%1:18:00:: - "someone who memorizes" - No
10. sense_key=study%1:10:01:: - "a musical composition" - No

The best fit is sense 3: "a written document describing the findings of some individual or group" with synonyms "report, written report". The example given is "this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale" which is very similar to the context here where we're talking about clinical studies that report findings on drug efficacy.

The answer should be index 3.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: increase
Target surface form: increased
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta <t>increased</t> the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The sentence "Alimta increased the survival time of patients" uses the transitive verb construction where Alimta (the drug) acts as an agent actively causing the survival time to become longer. This matches sense 2's definition "make bigger or more," similar to the provided examples like "The boss finally increased her salary." The active, causative nature of the verb in this context distinguishes it from sense 1, which represents the intransitive usage where something becomes bigger without an external agent.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the two candidate senses for "increased" in this medical text.

The sentence is: "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=increase%2:30:00:: | definition=become bigger or greater in amount | examples=The amount of work increased
   - This is the intransitive sense (passive), where something becomes larger on its own
   - Example: "The amount of work increased" - no agent is actively making it increase

2. sense_key=increase%2:30:02:: | definition=make bigger or more | examples=The boss finally increased her salary; The university increased the number of students it admitted
   - This is the transitive sense (active), where an agent actively causes something to become bigger
   - Examples show someone doing the action: "The boss increased" (agent), "The university increased" (agent)

In the context: "Alimta increased the survival time..."
- Alimta is the agent (the drug) actively causing the survival time to become longer
- This is a transitive construction where Alimta (the subject) is actively making/causing the survival time to increase
- The survival time didn't naturally increase on its own; Alimta caused it to increase

This clearly matches sense 2, which is the transitive verb sense where an agent "makes" something bigger/more. The examples in sense 2 also follow this pattern: "The boss increased her salary" (an agent actively increasing), "The University increased the number of students" (an agent actively increasing).

The answer should be sense 2.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the <t>survival</t> time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "survival" in this medical context refers to the state or condition of remaining alive. The passage explicitly measures "survival time" in months, indicating how long patients remain alive after treatment. This aligns with sense 1: "a state of surviving; remaining alive," rather than sense 2 (biological evolution) or sense 3 (something that survives as an object).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "survival" in this context.

The context is about medical treatment studies for cancer patients. The sentence says "Alimta increased the <t>survival</t> time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
   - This refers to the state or condition of surviving, being alive

2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
   - This is about biological evolution and natural selection, not relevant here

3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives
   - This refers to an object or thing that survives

In the medical context, "survival" refers to how long patients remain alive - it's about the duration of remaining alive. The phrase "survival time" clearly indicates it's measuring the length of time that patients remain alive/survive.

This is sense 1: "a state of surviving; remaining alive" with the synonym "endurance" - which is about the duration or length of remaining alive.

Sense 3 ("something that survives") doesn't fit because it's not referring to an object.

Sense 2 is clearly not about biological evolution in this context.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival <t>time</t> of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The phrase "survival time" refers to an indefinite period—specifically, the duration during which patients remain alive following treatment. This period is marked by the characteristic activity of survival, which matches sense 3's definition of "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "time" is used. The phrase is "Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

In this context, "survival time" refers to the period/duration that patients survive. It's measuring how long patients lived - the length of life after treatment.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: - an instance or single occasion for some event. Not applicable here.

2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: - a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something. Not quite right - this is about available time for action.

3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: - an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities). This could fit - "survival time" is a period marked by survival, the time during which someone is alive.

4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: - a suitable moment. Not applicable.

5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: - the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past. This is the abstract concept of time itself. Not right.

6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: - a person's experience on a particular occasion. Not applicable.

7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: - a reading of a point in time as given by a clock. Not right - we're not talking about clock time.

8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: - the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event. Too abstract/technical.

9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: - rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration. Not applicable.

10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: - the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned. Not applicable (different context).
Sense 3 (time%1:28:00::) is the strongest match here. "Survival time" describes a bounded interval characterized by the state of being alive following treatment, making it an indefinite period marked by specific conditions.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
The effects of Alimta in combination with cisplatin were compared with those of cisplatin alone. For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of <t>patients</t> with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

The context clearly refers to "patients" as actual people receiving medical care in clinical trials for cancer treatment (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer, etc.). This is the straightforward noun sense referring to a person requiring medical care, not the linguistic/grammatical semantic role sense.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "patients" in the context of a medical/pharmaceutical study about cancer treatments.

Let me analyze the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
   - This is the noun sense referring to a person receiving medical treatment

2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role
   - This is the grammatical/semantic role sense, referring to the patient case in linguistics

In the context provided, "patients" is clearly being used to refer to actual people receiving medical treatment in clinical trials. The text explicitly states "571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease" and "1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy" and "patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma."

This is clearly referring to the first sense - a person who requires medical care, specifically people enrolled in clinical trials testing cancer medicines.

The second sense is a grammatical/linguistic term for semantic roles, which is not what is meant here.

So the answer is sense 1, which would be sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: Patients
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. <t>Patients</t> receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context refers to actual people receiving medical treatment in clinical studies. The word "Patients" denotes real individuals who require medical care for cancer and whose survival outcomes are being measured. This corresponds to the concrete, referential sense of "a person who requires medical care," not the grammatical/semantic role sense.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the two candidate senses for "Patients" in this medical text.

The sentence in question: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Let me examine both senses:

1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
   - This is a concrete, noun sense referring to actual people receiving medical treatment

2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role
   - This is a linguistic/grammatical sense referring to the semantic role in a sentence

The context is clearly referring to actual people receiving Alimta and cisplatin in clinical studies. The sentence is literally about real patients who are undergoing treatment and whose survival times are being measured.

The first sense fits perfectly - these are people who require medical care (they're cancer patients in a clinical trial).

The second sense is about the grammatical/semantic role of a noun phrase in a clause, which is more of a linguistic concept than the actual referent.

The answer should be sense 1 (patient%1:18:00::), which is the first sense in the candidate list.

So the sense_index would be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survive
Target surface form: survived
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin <t>survived</t> for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context discusses cancer patients and measures their survival time following treatment. The sentence "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months" refers to how long the patients continued to exist after receiving treatment for cancer. This matches sense 2: "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - particularly because the example "He survived the cancer against all odds" directly parallels the medical context of the target sentence.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "survived" is being used.

The sentence is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

This is discussing cancer patients and how long they lived (survived) after treatment. The context is about measuring survival time - how long patients continued to live after receiving treatment.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: - "continue to live through hardship or adversity" with synonyms like last, live, live on, endure. Examples include surviving without water/food.

2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: - "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" with synonyms pull through, pull round, come through, make it. Example: "He survived the cancer against all odds"

3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: - "support oneself" with synonyms exist, live, subsist. Examples about living on low wages.

4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: - "live longer than" with synonyms outlive, outlast. Example about outliving someone.

In the given sentence, the patients "survived for an average of 12.1 months" - this means they continued to live for that duration. They went through the hardship of cancer treatment and continued to live.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate - "continue to live through hardship or adversity". The patients are living through the adversity of cancer treatment, and the measurement is how long they continued to live.

Sense 2 is also plausible - "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - they continued to exist after the treatment/cancer.

Between 1 and 2, sense 1 ("continue to live through hardship or adversity") fits better because it emphasizes the duration of living through the adversity (the 12.1 months), whereas sense 2 is more about recovering or making it through a crisis.
Reconsidering the example provided for sense 2 - "He survived the cancer against all odds" - this directly parallels our medical context. The patients in the study survived cancer, and we're measuring how long they persisted after this adversity. Sense 2 captures this better than sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: average
Target surface form: average
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an <t>average</t> of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=average%1:09:00:: | definition=a statistic describing the location of a distribution | synonyms=norm | examples=it set the norm for American homes
2. sense_key=average%1:24:00:: | definition=(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities
3. sense_key=average%1:09:01:: | definition=an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual | examples=he is about average in height; the snowfall this month is below average

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes patients' survival times in a clinical study: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months." Here, "average" refers to a statistical measure—the mean survival time calculated across the patient population. This corresponds to sense 1, which defines average as "a statistic describing the location of a distribution." This is a standard usage of "average" in medical and scientific contexts to represent the arithmetic mean of a set of values.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "average" is being used.

The sentence in question is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=average%1:09:00:: | definition=a statistic describing the location of a distribution | synonyms=norm | examples=it set the norm for American homes

This sense refers to an average as a statistical measure - the arithmetic mean or a central tendency value. This would fit the context where we're talking about average survival time (12.1 months) as opposed to individual values. This is using "average" as a statistical concept.

2. sense_key=average%1:24:00:: | definition=(sports) the ratio of successful performances to opportunities

This is clearly specific to sports statistics (like batting average). This doesn't fit the medical context at all.

3. sense_key=average%1:09:01:: | definition=an intermediate scale value regarded as normal or usual | examples=he is about average in height; the snowfall this month is below average

This sense refers to something being typical or normal, like when we say someone is of "average height." This is about what is typical or normal on a scale.

In the context of the passage, "average of 12.1 months" is referring to the mean or typical survival time across the patients studied. This is a statistical measure - the central tendency or mean value of the distribution of survival times.

Sense 1 best fits this usage: "a statistic describing the location of a distribution" - this is exactly what an average (mean) is.

Sense 3 is about something being normal or typical in a qualitative way (like average height), whereas sense 1 is about the mathematical/statistical average (mean).
The medical context clearly points to sense 1, which captures the mathematical definition of average as a statistical measure of central tendency.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 <t>months</t>, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context uses "months" as a quantitative time measurement unit ("12.1 months," "9.3 months") to express duration of survival in a medical study. This is a measurement of an approximate 30-day period rather than a reference to calendar months, making sense 2 the correct choice.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "months" is being used.

Context: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The two candidate senses are:
1. Sense 1: "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year" - This refers to calendar months like January, February, etc.
2. Sense 2: "a time unit of approximately 30 days" - This is a unit of time measurement.

In the context provided, the text is discussing survival time measurement in a medical study. When it says "survived for an average of 12.1 months," it's using "months" as a measurement unit of time, not referring to calendar months. They're measuring a period of approximately 30 days per unit.

This is clearly sense 2 (month%1:28:00::) - "a time unit of approximately 30 days" - because:
1. It's being used as a quantitative measurement (12.1 months, 9.3 months)
2. It's in a medical/scientific context where precise time duration is being measured
3. It's not referring to specific calendar months (like "January" or "February")

The answer should be sense index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, <t>compared</t> with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "compared".

The sentence is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

The word "compared" is being used here to establish a relationship or contrast between two groups of patients - one receiving Alimta and cisplatin (12.1 months survival) versus those receiving cisplatin alone (9.3 months survival).

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: - "examine and note the similarities or differences of" - This involves examining two things and noting their differences or similarities. This seems relevant, but it's more about the act of examining/analyzing.

2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: - "be comparable" - This would mean "this can be compared" but in context, it doesn't fit well. The sentence isn't saying the survival times are comparable or not.

3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: - "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" - This means to treat things as similar or analogous. This could fit, but the context is more about contrasting the numbers.

4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: - "to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb" - This is about grammar forms, which doesn't apply here.

Actually, looking more carefully at sense 1: "examine and note the similarities or differences of" - this is about examining two things and noting their similarities or differences. In the context, "compared with" is used to contrast 12.1 months with 9.3 months. This is exactly what comparing does - you examine two things and note their differences.

The phrase "compared with" is a standard way of making a contrast or showing the relationship between two quantities. This fits best with sense 1, which is about examining and noting similarities or differences.
Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
For the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the effects of Alimta were compared with those of docetaxel (another anticancer medicine) in one study involving 571 patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease who had received chemotherapy in the past. Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 <t>months</t> in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The target word "months" in this context refers to a duration of time used to measure patient survival (12.1 months, 9.3 months). This is a time unit measurement rather than a reference to calendar months. Sense 2, defined as "a time unit of approximately 30 days," is the appropriate sense for this medical/clinical measurement context.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "months" in the given context.

The sentence is: "Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone."

Now let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month

2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

In the context, "months" is used to measure how long patients survived. It's measuring a duration of time - 12.1 months, 9.3 months. This is a time measurement in medical/clinical context.

Sense 1 refers to "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year" - this is about calendar months as specific named periods (January, February, etc.).

Sense 2 refers to "a time unit of approximately 30 days" - this is about a month as a duration or period of time.

In the given context, we're measuring a duration of survival time (12.1 months, 9.3 months). This is clearly a time unit/duration measurement, not a reference to calendar months or specific named months.

Therefore, sense 2 (month%1:28:00::) is the correct choice - it's about a time unit of approximately 30 days used to measure duration.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: treatment
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the <t>treatment</t> of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "treatment" appears:

"In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."

In this context, the text is discussing medical care and procedures for lung cancer patients using Alimta (a chemotherapy drug). The word "treatment" refers to medical procedures or applications intended to relieve or manage illness.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. Sense 1: "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)" - This fits perfectly. The context is about medical procedures (chemotherapy with Alimta) for lung cancer patients.

2. Sense 2: "the management of someone or something" - This is more general management, like handling prisoners or treating water sewage. While it could apply, it's not as specific to medical treatment.

3. Sense 3: "a manner of dealing with something artistically" - This doesn't apply at all. The context is medical, not artistic.

4. Sense 4: "an extended communication dealing with some particular topic" - This refers to a discussion or discourse, which doesn't match the context.

The best fit is clearly Sense 1, which specifically mentions "medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury" - exactly what is being discussed with Alimta for cancer patients.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of <t>patients</t> with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 1}

The target word "patients" refers to people receiving medical treatment for lung cancer and mesothelioma in a clinical study context. This is the standard medical sense of "patient" as a person who requires medical care, not a linguistic semantic role.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "patients" is being used.

The target word is "patients" in the phrase "In the treatment of <t>patients</t> with non-small cell lung cancer..."

Looking at the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "a person who requires medical care" - This is the typical noun usage of "patient" referring to people receiving medical treatment. The example given is "the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly" which is similar to the context here.

2. Sense 2: "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" - This is a linguistic/grammatical sense related to semantic roles, specifically the "patient role" in linguistics.

In the context provided, "patients with non-small cell lung cancer" refers to actual people receiving medical treatment. The sentence is talking about a clinical study involving real people who have a medical condition. This is clearly referring to people who require medical care, not a linguistic semantic role.

The context is about:
- A clinical study with 1,725 patients
- Patients receiving treatments
- Patients surviving for certain periods
- Patients with specific medical conditions (malignant pleural mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer)

This is clearly the medical/healthcare sense, not the linguistic sense.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: cell
Target surface form: cell
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small <t>cell</t> lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: | definition=any small compartment | examples=the cells of a honeycomb
2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: | definition=(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: | definition=a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction | synonyms=electric cell
4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: | definition=a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement | synonyms=cadre
5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: | definition=a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver | synonyms=cellular telephone, cellular phone, cellphone, mobile phone
6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: | definition=small room in which a monk or nun lives | synonyms=cubicle
7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: | definition=a room where a prisoner is kept | synonyms=jail cell, prison cell

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 2}

The context discusses lung cancer treatment and refers to "non-small cell lung cancer," a medical classification based on the size and type of cancer cells. This is clearly referring to biological cells—the fundamental structural and functional units of organisms—rather than any other meaning of "cell." The medical context and reference to cell types in cancer classification make sense 2 (the biological definition) the only appropriate choice.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "cell" in this medical text.

The phrase in question is "non-small cell lung cancer" in the context of a medical study about Alimta (a cancer treatment).

In medical terminology, "non-small cell lung cancer" (NSCLC) is a specific type of lung cancer classification based on the size and appearance of cancer cells under a microscope. This refers to cancer cells - the biological units.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=cell%1:06:03:: "any small compartment" (honeycomb cells) - This is too general and not specific to biological cells.

2. sense_key=cell%1:03:00:: "(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms" - This is the biological definition of cells. This makes sense in the context of "non-small cell lung cancer" where it's referring to cancer cells as biological units.

3. sense_key=cell%1:06:00:: "a device that delivers an electric current" - Not relevant to cancer treatment.

4. sense_key=cell%1:14:00:: "a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement" - Not relevant to medical context.

5. sense_key=cell%1:06:04:: "a hand-held mobile radiotelephone" - Not relevant.

6. sense_key=cell%1:06:02:: "small room in which a monk or nun lives" - Not relevant.

7. sense_key=cell%1:06:01:: "a room where a prisoner is kept" - Not relevant.

The correct sense is clearly sense 2, which refers to the biological cell - the basic structural and functional unit of organisms. In "non-small cell lung cancer," the term refers to cancer cells that are not small-cell types.
The answer is {"sense_index": 2}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: effective
Target surface form: effective
Context:
Alimta was also compared with gemcitabine (another anticancer medicine), both in combination with cisplatin, in a study involving 1,725 patients who had not received chemotherapy for lung cancer in the past. In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as <t>effective</t> as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=effective%3:00:00:: | definition=producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect; -LewisMumford | synonyms=effectual, efficacious | examples=an air-cooled motor was more effective than a witch's broomstick for rapid long-distance transportation; effective teaching methods
2. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:competent:00 | definition=able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively; -G.B.Shaw | synonyms=efficient | examples=people who will do nothing unless they get something out of it for themselves are often highly effective persons...; effective personnel
3. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:efficacious:00 | definition=works well as a means or remedy | examples=an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat
4. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operative:00 | definition=exerting force or influence | synonyms=good, in effect, in force | examples=the law is effective immediately; a warranty good for two years
5. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:actual:00 | definition=existing in fact; not theoretical; real | examples=a decline in the effective demand; confused increased equipment and expenditure with the quantity of effective work done
6. sense_key=effective%5:00:00:operational:00 | definition=ready for service | examples=the fort was held by about 100 effective soldiers

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

In this context, "effective" describes whether Alimta produces the intended therapeutic result—i.e., treats non-small cell lung cancer. The sentence is stating that Alimta was as successful as comparator drugs at achieving its therapeutic purpose. This aligns with sense 1's definition: "producing or capable of producing an intended result," which is the core, most general meaning of effective used in evaluating medical treatments.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for "effective" in the given sentence:

"In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators."

The context is about medical treatment effectiveness - specifically how well Alimta performs compared to other cancer treatments (gemcitabine and cisplatin, docetaxel).

Let me examine each sense:

1. **Sense 1**: "producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect" - This is about producing intended results. In the medical context, this would mean the drug successfully produces the therapeutic result intended. This fits well.

2. **Sense 2**: "able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively" - This is about ability to accomplish purposes. This could fit but is more about competence/capability in general.

3. **Sense 3**: "works well as a means or remedy" - This is specifically about remedies and therapeutic effects. The examples include "an effective reprimand; a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat" - this is about medical/therapeutic effectiveness.

4. **Sense 4**: "exerting force or influence" - This is about being in effect/operative. Not quite right for this context.

5. **Sense 5**: "existing in fact; not theoretical; real" - This is about actual/real vs theoretical. Doesn't fit well here.

6. **Sense 6**: "ready for service" - This is about operational readiness. Doesn't fit.

The context is specifically about how well a medicine works as a treatment. Senses 1, 2, and 3 all seem plausible, but sense 3 "works well as a means or remedy" seems most specifically tailored to medical/therapeutic effectiveness, which is what we're discussing here. The example "a lotion that is effective in cases of prickly heat" is particularly similar to using a medicine for treatment.
Sense 1 is the foundational definition—producing an intended result—and that's what matters here. The drug's effectiveness comes down to whether it achieves the therapeutic outcome intended, making sense 1 the most appropriate choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In <t>patients</t> who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "patients" refers to actual people receiving medical treatment for cancer in clinical studies. This is the concrete, literal sense of "a person who requires medical care," as evidenced by the entire medical context discussing treatment outcomes, survival times, and chemotherapy administration. Sense 2 is a linguistic/grammatical sense about semantic roles, which is not relevant in this context.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "patients" in context.

The context is from a medical study about a drug called Alimta. The sentence reads: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

Now let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly

2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

In the context provided, "patients" refers to people undergoing medical treatment for lung cancer or mesothelioma. They are receiving chemotherapy and being studied for their survival outcomes.

Sense 1 defines "patient" as "a person who requires medical care" - this is the literal, everyday meaning referring to actual people receiving medical treatment.

Sense 2 is a linguistic/grammatical sense referring to the semantic role of an entity in a sentence - this is the patient role in argument structure (like in the sentence "John ate an apple," the apple is the patient/affected entity).

In the given context, "patients" is clearly being used in the literal medical sense - referring to actual people undergoing cancer treatment. These are real people who require medical care, not a discussion of grammatical roles.

Therefore, the best sense is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the <t>past</t>, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%1:28:00:: | definition=the time that has elapsed | synonyms=past times, yesteryear | examples=forget the past
2. sense_key=past%1:28:01:: | definition=a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret) | examples=reporters dug into the candidate's past
3. sense_key=past%1:10:00:: | definition=a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past | synonyms=past tense

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "past" in the phrase "in the past" refers to the time that has elapsed before the present moment—when these patients had previously received chemotherapy. This matches sense 1: "the time that has elapsed" with synonyms like "past times, yesteryear." The context is discussing a temporal reference point in medical history, not a secret personal history (sense 2) or a grammatical tense (sense 3).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "past" appears in the sentence:

"In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

The word "past" is being used to refer to a time period before the present moment. It's talking about patients who had received chemotherapy before (in a previous time period).

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. "past%1:28:00::" - "the time that has elapsed" with synonyms "past times, yesteryear" and examples "forget the past"
   - This refers to elapsed time in general, historical time
   - The phrase "in the past" means "at some earlier time"

2. "past%1:28:01::" - "a earlier period in someone's life (especially one that they have reason to keep secret)"
   - This is more specific to personal history/biography
   - The example "reporters dug into the candidate's past" shows it's about personal history one might want to hide
   - This doesn't fit the context - it's not about a secret history, it's just about a prior medical treatment

3. "past%1:10:00::" - "a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the past"
   - This is about grammar/grammar tense
   - Doesn't apply here

The context is clearly using "past" to mean "earlier time period" or "time that has already happened." The phrase "in the past" is used to indicate that chemotherapy was received at an earlier time.

Sense 1 ("the time that has elapsed") is the best fit. It's a general reference to elapsed time, a previous time period. The synonyms "past times, yesteryear" support this, and "forget the past" as an example shows the same usage pattern as "in the past."

Sense 2 is too specific - it emphasizes a personal history someone might want to keep secret, which doesn't apply here.
Sense 1 is the correct answer since it captures the general meaning of a prior time period without the connotation of secrecy that sense 2 carries.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: average
Target surface form: average
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the <t>average</t> survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=average%5:00:02:normal:01 | definition=approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value | synonyms=mean | examples=the average income in New England is below that of the nation; of average height for his age
2. sense_key=average%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered | synonyms=ordinary | examples=average people; the ordinary (or common) man in the street
3. sense_key=average%5:00:00:ordinary:00 | definition=lacking exceptional quality or ability | synonyms=fair, mediocre, middling | examples=a novel of average merit; only a fair performance of the sonata
4. sense_key=average%5:00:00:moderate:00 | definition=around the middle of a scale of evaluation | synonyms=intermediate, medium | examples=an orange of average size; intermediate capacity
5. sense_key=average%5:00:03:normal:01 | definition=relating to or constituting the most frequent value in a distribution | synonyms=modal | examples=the modal age at which American novelists reach their peak is 30
6. sense_key=average%5:00:01:normal:01 | definition=relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set of values (or the average of the middle two in a set with an even number of values) | synonyms=median | examples=the median value of 17, 20, and 36 is 20; the median income for the year was $15,000

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "average" is being used.

The sentence is: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

In this context, "average" is being used to describe a statistical measure - the mean survival time. The text is presenting data from medical studies where they're reporting on typical/mean survival times for patients receiving different treatments.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. "approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value" - This is about the mean/statistical average. The examples "the average income in New England" and "of average height for his age" both use "average" in the statistical sense of the typical/mean value.

2. "lacking special distinction, rank, or status; commonly encountered" - This is about something being ordinary or common. This doesn't fit - the text isn't saying the survival time is unremarkable or common in quality.

3. "lacking exceptional quality or ability" - This is also about mediocre quality. Doesn't apply here.

4. "around the middle of a scale of evaluation" - This could potentially apply but it's more about qualitative assessment.

5. "relating to or constituting the most frequent value in a distribution" - This is about the mode (most frequent value), not what's being used here.

6. "relating to or constituting the middle value of an ordered set" - This is about the median, not what's being used here.

The context clearly shows that "average" refers to a statistical measure of central tendency - specifically the mean survival time. This matches sense 1 best, which defines it as "approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value" with the synonym "mean" and examples about average income and average height.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survival
Target surface form: survival
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average <t>survival</t> time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survival%1:26:00:: | definition=a state of surviving; remaining alive | synonyms=endurance
2. sense_key=survival%1:22:00:: | definition=a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
3. sense_key=survival%1:04:00:: | definition=something that survives

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly indicates that "survival" refers to the state or period of remaining alive, as evidenced by phrases like "survival time" and comparisons of how long patients lived with different treatments. This matches sense 1: "a state of surviving; remaining alive." The medical context is measuring patient longevity and the duration they remained alive after treatment, not evolutionary processes (sense 2) or physical objects (sense 3).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "survival" in this medical text about cancer treatment.

The context discusses:
- "how long the patients survived"
- "Alimta increased the survival time of patients"
- "average of 12.1 months" compared to "9.3 months"
- "average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta"

In this medical context, "survival time" refers to the duration or period during which patients remain alive after treatment. This is clearly about the state or condition of remaining alive.

Let me evaluate the candidate senses:

1. **sense_key=survival%1:26:00::** - "a state of surviving; remaining alive" | synonyms=endurance
   - This matches the context perfectly. The text is measuring how long patients remain alive (their state of surviving). This is about the duration/period of remaining alive.

2. **sense_key=survival%1:22:00::** - "a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment" | synonyms=survival of the fittest, natural selection, selection
   - This is about evolutionary biology and natural selection, which is not relevant to the medical treatment context here.

3. **sense_key=survival%1:04:00::** - "something that survives"
   - This would mean an object or thing that survives, which is not the meaning here. We're not talking about something that survives; we're talking about the state of surviving (the time period).

The correct answer is sense 1, as the text is clearly discussing the duration/period of patients remaining alive following cancer treatment.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: time
Target surface form: time
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival <t>time</t> was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: | definition=an instance or single occasion for some event | synonyms=clip | examples=this time he succeeded; he called four times
2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: | definition=a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something | examples=take time to smell the roses; I didn't have time to finish
3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: | definition=an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities) | examples=he waited a long time; the time of year for planting
4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: | definition=a suitable moment | examples=it is time to go
5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: | definition=the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past
6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: | definition=a person's experience on a particular occasion | examples=he had a time holding back the tears; they had a good time together
7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: | definition=a reading of a point in time as given by a clock | synonyms=clock time | examples=do you know what time it is?; the time is 10 o'clock
8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: | definition=the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event | synonyms=fourth dimension
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: | definition=rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration | synonyms=meter, metre
10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: | definition=the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned | synonyms=prison term, sentence | examples=he served a prison term of 15 months; his sentence was 5 to 10 years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The target word "time" in "the average survival time was 8.3 months" refers to an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities). Here, the period is specifically marked by the attribute of survival duration following cancer treatment. The "survival time" is a measurable duration marked by the particular activity/condition of patients surviving after receiving Alimta or other treatments.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "time" in this medical/pharmaceutical text.

The target phrase is "the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=time%1:11:00:: - "an instance or single occasion for some event" - This refers to a specific occurrence, not applicable here.

2. sense_key=time%1:28:05:: - "a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something" - This is about time as a controllable resource, not quite right.

3. sense_key=time%1:28:00:: - "an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities)" - This refers to a period of time with specific attributes. In this context, "survival time" is a period of time marked by survival duration until death. This seems relevant.

4. sense_key=time%1:28:06:: - "a suitable moment" - Not applicable here.

5. sense_key=time%1:03:00:: - "the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past" - Too abstract/philosophical.

6. sense_key=time%1:11:01:: - "a person's experience on a particular occasion" - Not applicable here.

7. sense_key=time%1:28:03:: - "a reading of a point in time as given by a clock" - This is about clock time, not applicable.

8. sense_key=time%1:28:04:: - "the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event" - Too technical/scientific, not the right meaning here.
9. sense_key=time%1:07:01:: - "rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration" - Not applicable.

10. sense_key=time%1:28:01:: - "the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned" - Specific to prison context, not applicable.

The phrase "survival time" measures a duration—the span from treatment initiation to death or study endpoint. This aligns with sense 3, which captures a period marked by specific characteristics, in this case the survival activity following treatment. "Survival time" is fundamentally a measurable duration, a quantifiable span of time.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 <t>months</t> with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context uses "months" as a unit of time measurement for survival duration (e.g., "8.3 months," "9.3 months," "12.1 months"). This is a measurement of elapsed time in approximately 30-day intervals, not a reference to specific calendar months. Sense 2 ("a time unit of approximately 30 days") is the appropriate fit for this medical data context.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "month" is being used.

The target surface form is "months" (plural of "month") and it appears in the context: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 <t>months</t> with Alimta, compared with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

The context is about medical data - specifically survival times measured in months. The two candidate senses are:

1. "one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year" - this refers to months as calendar divisions (January, February, etc.)
2. "a time unit of approximately 30 days" - this is a general measurement of time, not necessarily tied to calendar months

In the context given, "months" is used as a unit of time measurement for survival duration (8.3 months, 7.9 months, 9.3 months, 10.3 months, 12.1 months). These are measurements of duration/time periods, not references to specific calendar months.

When someone says "patients survived for 8.3 months," they're using "month" as a time unit of approximately 30 days, not as one of the twelve calendar divisions. This is clearly sense 2.

The first sense would be used if the text said something like "he paid the bill last month" (referring to a specific calendar month), but here it's being used as a duration measurement.

So the best answer is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: compare
Target surface form: compared
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, <t>compared</t> with 7.9 months with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=compare%2:31:00:: | definition=examine and note the similarities or differences of | examples=John compared his haircut to his friend's; We compared notes after we had both seen the movie
2. sense_key=compare%2:42:00:: | definition=be comparable | examples=This car does not compare with our line of Mercedes
3. sense_key=compare%2:31:01:: | definition=consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous | synonyms=liken, equate | examples=We can compare the Han dynasty to the Romans; You cannot equate success in financial matters with greed
4. sense_key=compare%2:32:00:: | definition=to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context uses "compared with" to examine and note the differences between two survival times (8.3 months vs. 7.9 months). This is a straightforward comparative examination of two medical outcomes, directly matching sense 1: "examine and note the similarities or differences of."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the target word "compared" to determine the best sense.

The sentence is: "In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, <t>compared</t> with 7.9 months with docetaxel."

The word "compared" here is being used to set up a contrast or comparison between two values: 8.3 months with Alimta versus 7.9 months with docetaxel. The purpose is to examine the similarities or differences between these two treatment outcomes.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "examine and note the similarities or differences of" - This fits well. The text is examining the survival times of two different treatments and noting the difference (8.3 vs 7.9 months).

2. "be comparable" - This would mean "the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta is comparable with 7.9 months with docetaxel." This doesn't quite fit the structure.

3. "consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous" - This is about describing things as similar or equal, but in the context, the text is primarily noting they are different (8.3 vs 7.9), not describing them as equal.

4. "to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb" - This is about grammar, which doesn't apply here.

The phrase "compared with" in this context is being used to examine and note the differences between the survival times. This matches sense 1 perfectly. The example "John compared his haircut to his friend's" shows a similar structure - examining two things side by side to note similarities or differences.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: month
Target surface form: months
Context:
In all three studies, the main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived. What benefit has Alimta shown during the studies? Alimta increased the survival time of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Patients receiving Alimta and cisplatin survived for an average of 12.1 months, compared with 9.3 months in those receiving cisplatin alone. In the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, Alimta was as effective as the comparators. In patients who had received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta, compared with 7.9 <t>months</t> with docetaxel. In patients who had not received chemotherapy in the past, the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month
2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context refers to survival time measurements in medical studies (e.g., "7.9 months with docetaxel"). This represents a duration or elapsed time period, not specific calendar month divisions. The phrase describes a time unit of approximately 30 days used to measure the length of survival, which aligns with sense 2.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "month" is being used.

The target word appears in the context: "the average survival time was 7.9 <t>months</t> with docetaxel"

Looking at the two senses:

1. sense_key=month%1:28:01:: | definition=one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year | synonyms=calendar month | examples=he paid the bill last month

2. sense_key=month%1:28:00:: | definition=a time unit of approximately 30 days | examples=he was given a month to pay the bill

In the context, we're talking about survival time in medical studies. The text mentions:
- "patients survived for an average of 12.1 months"
- "the average survival time was 8.3 months with Alimta"
- "the average survival time was 10.3 months in both groups"

These are measurements of duration/time periods. The key question is: are these referring to calendar months (divisions of the calendar year) or time units of approximately 30 days?

In medical contexts, when referring to survival time or treatment duration, "months" typically refers to a time period of approximately 30 days, not specific calendar months. This is a duration measurement, not a reference to specific calendar divisions.

For example, if a patient survives "12.1 months," this means approximately 12.1 × 30 days, not January through December. This is a time unit used for measuring duration.

Therefore, sense 2 (a time unit of approximately 30 days) is the correct answer.

The sense index for sense 2 would be 2 (or 0 if it's zero-indexed, but given the format shows sense_key with %1:28:00:: and %1:28:01::, these are likely indexed as 1 and 2 or 0 and 1).
Looking at the sense_key pattern, the :00:: suffix corresponds to the first sense and :01:: to the second, so the time unit definition maps to sense index 2.