[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: fluid
Target surface form: fluids
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and <t>fluids</t> (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=fluid%1:27:02:: | definition=a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure
2. sense_key=fluid%1:27:00:: | definition=continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes administering "fluids" to prevent dehydration during chemotherapy treatment. This refers to liquids (such as saline solutions or water) that patients receive intravenously or orally. Sense 2 provides the broader definition encompassing continuous matter that flows and conforms to its container (specifically including liquids), which is the standard medical usage. Sense 1 is more restrictive, specifying substances that are fluid at room temperature and pressure, whereas the general definition of fluid as flowing matter is more appropriate here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "fluid" is being used here.

The context is about medical treatment with Alimta (a chemotherapy drug). The sentence states: "an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

The two candidate senses are:
1. "a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure"
2. "continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas"

In the medical context, "fluids" are being given to prevent dehydration. This refers to liquids (typically water or IV solutions) that are administered to patients.

Sense 1 is more specific - it refers to substances that are fluid (liquid) at room temperature and pressure.

Sense 2 is broader - it includes both liquids and gases (any continuous amorphous matter that flows).

In the medical context, "fluids" specifically refers to liquids (like water or saline solutions) that are given intravenously or orally to prevent dehydration. This would be more accurately described by sense 1, which specifically refers to substances that are fluid at room temperature and pressure. However, sense 2 is the broader definition that encompasses liquids.

Actually, looking at the definitions more carefully:
- Sense 1: "a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure" - This is describing substances that have the property of being fluid (like water, oil, etc.)
- Sense 2: "continuous amorphous matter that tends to flow and to conform to the outline of its container: a liquid or a gas" - This is the more general definition of what a fluid is.

In medical contexts, when doctors talk about giving "fluids," they typically mean liquids (like IV solutions or water). Sense 2 seems to be the more general/standard definition that would include what doctors mean when they say "fluids" (liquids or other flowing substances).
Sense 2 is the broader definition that explicitly encompasses both liquids and gases, making it the standard definition used across contexts. While medical fluids are specifically liquids, sense 2 better captures the general meaning of the term.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: prevent
Target surface form: prevent
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to <t>prevent</t> dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project
2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "prevent" in "fluids (to prevent dehydration)" is being used to stop a medical condition (dehydration) from occurring. This aligns with sense 2, which focuses on stopping something from being in a certain state. The example "We must prevent the cancer from spreading" is particularly parallel to this usage—both are about preventing medical conditions or states. While sense 1 is also about preventing something from happening, sense 2's emphasis on "being in a certain state" is the more precise fit for this context.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "prevent" in the sentence "fluids (to prevent dehydration)".

The two candidate senses are:

1. sense_key=prevent%2:41:01:: | definition=keep from happening or arising; make impossible | synonyms=forestall, foreclose, preclude, forbid | examples=My sense of tact forbids an honest answer; Your role in the projects precludes your involvement in the competitive project

2. sense_key=prevent%2:41:00:: | definition=stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state | synonyms=keep | examples=We must prevent the cancer from spreading; His snoring kept me from falling asleep

In the context "fluids (to prevent dehydration)":
- The sentence is talking about giving fluids to stop dehydration from occurring
- This is about preventing an event (dehydration) from happening

Sense 1 is about "keep from happening or arising; make impossible" - this fits the idea of preventing an event/condition from happening. The examples show things being prevented (like involvement in a project being precluded). The synonym "forestall" means to prevent something from happening.

Sense 2 is about "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state" - this is more about stopping an agent from performing an action. The examples show preventing a subject (cancer, snoring/person) from doing something.

In "prevent dehydration", dehydration is a state/condition that needs to be prevented from happening. This is more aligned with sense 1, which talks about preventing something from "happening or arising."

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 2 says "stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state" - dehydration is "being in a certain state" (the state of being dehydrated). The examples support this: "prevent the cancer from spreading" and "His snoring kept me from falling asleep" - both are about preventing states or conditions.
The example "prevent the cancer from spreading" parallels "prevent dehydration" quite closely—both involve stopping a medical condition from progressing. Sense 2 better captures this usage since it explicitly addresses preventing something from being in a particular state, which is exactly what dehydration represents.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dehydration
Target surface form: dehydration
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent <t>dehydration</t>) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:00:: | definition=dryness resulting from the removal of water | synonyms=desiccation
2. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:01:: | definition=depletion of bodily fluids
3. sense_key=dehydration%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting moisture | synonyms=desiccation, drying up, evaporation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context is discussing medical side effects of chemotherapy treatment. Fluids are being given "to prevent dehydration" in the clinical setting, where dehydration refers to the medical condition of the body losing essential fluids - specifically "depletion of bodily fluids." This is the standard medical usage when discussing complications during cancer treatment.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for "dehydration".

Context: The passage discusses how Alimta (a chemotherapy drug) is used. It mentions that when Alimta is given with cisplatin, fluids should be given "to prevent dehydration".

In a medical/clinical context about chemotherapy treatment, dehydration in this sense refers to a condition where the body loses fluids, resulting in insufficient bodily water. This is clearly talking about a medical condition affecting the patient's body.

Let's look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:00:: | definition=dryness resulting from the removal of water | synonyms=desiccation
   - This is about dryness resulting from removal of water - more about a physical state

2. sense_key=dehydration%1:26:01:: | definition=depletion of bodily fluids
   - This is specifically about depletion of bodily fluids, which is a medical condition

3. sense_key=dehydration%1:22:00:: | definition=the process of extracting moisture | synonyms=desiccation, drying up, evaporation
   - This is about the process of extracting moisture, more about the action/process

In the medical context of preventing dehydration during chemotherapy, the intended meaning is that fluids are needed to prevent a state where the body loses its fluids (depletion of bodily fluids). This is sense 2 - "depletion of bodily fluids" - which is the medical condition that can occur as a side effect of chemotherapy.

The answer should be sense 2 (index 2).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: give
Target surface form: given
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be <t>given</t> before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=give%2:40:03:: | definition=cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense | examples=She gave him a black eye; The draft gave me a cold
2. sense_key=give%2:40:05:: | definition=be the cause or source of | synonyms=yield, afford | examples=He gave me a lot of trouble; Our meeting afforded much interesting information
3. sense_key=give%2:40:00:: | definition=transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody | examples=I gave her my money; can you give me lessons?
4. sense_key=give%2:40:07:: | definition=convey or reveal information | examples=Give one's name
5. sense_key=give%2:32:01:: | definition=convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.; bestow | synonyms=pay | examples=Don't pay him any mind; give the orders
6. sense_key=give%2:36:02:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, have, make | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
7. sense_key=give%2:32:00:: | definition=convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical gesture | synonyms=throw | examples=Throw a glance; She gave me a dirty look
8. sense_key=give%2:40:01:: | definition=give as a present; make a gift of | synonyms=gift, present | examples=What will you give her for her birthday?
9. sense_key=give%2:36:03:: | definition=cause to happen or be responsible for | synonyms=yield | examples=His two singles gave the team the victory
10. sense_key=give%2:31:02:: | definition=dedicate | synonyms=pay, devote | examples=give thought to; give priority to
11. sense_key=give%2:36:00:: | definition=give or supply | synonyms=render, yield, return, generate | examples=The cow brings in 5 liters of milk; This year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn
12. sense_key=give%2:40:09:: | definition=transmit (knowledge or skills) | synonyms=impart, leave, pass on | examples=give a secret to the Russians; leave your name and address here
13. sense_key=give%2:36:01:: | definition=bring about | synonyms=establish | examples=The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth
14. sense_key=give%2:40:02:: | definition=leave with; give temporarily | examples=Can I give you my keys while I go in the pool?; Can I give you the children for the weekend?
15. sense_key=give%2:41:00:: | definition=emit or utter | examples=Give a gulp; give a yelp
16. sense_key=give%2:40:10:: | definition=endure the loss of | synonyms=sacrifice | examples=He gave his life for his children; I gave two sons to the war
17. sense_key=give%2:40:06:: | definition=place into the hands or custody of | synonyms=pass, hand, reach, pass on, turn over | examples=hand me the spoon, please; Turn the files over to me, please
18. sense_key=give%2:32:03:: | definition=give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause | synonyms=dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote | examples=She committed herself to the work of God; give one's talents to a good cause
19. sense_key=give%2:40:13:: | definition=give (as medicine) | examples=I gave him the drug
20. sense_key=give%2:40:14:: | definition=give or convey physically | synonyms=apply | examples=She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose
21. sense_key=give%2:32:02:: | definition=bestow | synonyms=render | examples=give homage; render thanks
22. sense_key=give%2:40:11:: | definition=bestow, especially officially | synonyms=grant | examples=grant a degree; give a divorce
23. sense_key=give%2:38:00:: | definition=move in order to make room for someone for something | synonyms=move over, give way, ease up, yield | examples=The park gave way to a supermarket; `Move over,' he told the crowd
24. sense_key=give%2:34:00:: | definition=give food to | synonyms=feed | examples=Feed the starving children in India; don't give the child this tough meat
25. sense_key=give%2:40:08:: | definition=contribute to some cause | synonyms=contribute, chip in, kick in | examples=I gave at the office
26. sense_key=give%2:38:13:: | definition=break down, literally or metaphorically | synonyms=collapse, fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder | examples=The wall collapsed; The business collapsed
27. sense_key=give%2:31:00:: | definition=estimate the duration or outcome of something | examples=He gave the patient three months to live; I gave him a very good chance at success
28. sense_key=give%2:41:10:: | definition=execute and deliver | examples=Give bond
29. sense_key=give%2:40:12:: | definition=deliver in exchange or recompense | examples=I'll give you three books for four CDs
30. sense_key=give%2:40:15:: | definition=afford access to | synonyms=afford, open | examples=the door opens to the patio; The French doors give onto a terrace
31. sense_key=give%2:36:13:: | definition=present to view | examples=He gave the sign to start
32. sense_key=give%2:36:12:: | definition=perform for an audience | examples=Pollini is giving another concert in New York
33. sense_key=give%2:35:00:: | definition=be flexible under stress of physical force | synonyms=yield | examples=This material doesn't give
34. sense_key=give%2:34:10:: | definition=propose | examples=He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday party
35. sense_key=give%2:32:11:: | definition=accord by verdict | examples=give a decision for the plaintiff
36. sense_key=give%2:32:08:: | definition=manifest or show | examples=This student gives promise of real creativity; The office gave evidence of tampering
37. sense_key=give%2:32:15:: | definition=offer in good faith | examples=He gave her his word
38. sense_key=give%2:32:14:: | definition=submit for consideration, judgment, or use | examples=give one's opinion; give an excuse
39. sense_key=give%2:32:09:: | definition=guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion | examples=You gave me to think that you agreed with me
40. sense_key=give%2:32:07:: | definition=allow to have or take | examples=I give you two minutes to respond
41. sense_key=give%2:32:10:: | definition=inflict as a punishment | examples=She gave the boy a good spanking; The judge gave me 10 years
42. sense_key=give%2:30:13:: | definition=occur | examples=what gives?
43. sense_key=give%2:29:11:: | definition=consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man | examples=She gave herself to many men
44. sense_key=give%2:29:10:: | definition=proffer (a body part) | examples=She gave her hand to her little sister

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 19}
```

The context describes administering medications and medical treatments (Alimta, cisplatin, anti-emetic medicine, fluids, vitamin B12). Sense 19 is specifically defined as "give (as medicine)" with the example "I gave him the drug," which directly matches the medical administration usage in this passage about drug treatment protocols.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "given" appears:

"When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

The context is about administering medicine/medication. The sentence is saying that the medicine (Alimta) should be given (administered) with cisplatin, and other medicines/fluids should also be given (administered).

Let me look at the relevant senses:

1. Sense 3: "transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to somebody" - This could work, as medicine is being transferred/administered.

11. Sense 11: "give or supply" with synonyms "render, yield, return, generate" - This could apply to supplying medicine.

19. Sense 19: "give (as medicine)" with examples "I gave him the drug" - This is explicitly about administering medicine!

20. Sense 20: "give or convey physically" with synonyms "apply" and examples "She gave him First Aid; I gave him a punch in the nose" - This could work for administering medicine.

Looking at sense 19 specifically: "give (as medicine) | examples: I gave him the drug" - This is the most direct and specific sense for the context of administering medication.

The context clearly shows medical administration (Alimta, cisplatin, anti-emetic medicine, fluids, vitamin B12 injections, etc.). Sense 19 is specifically defined for this type of "give" usage.

The answer should be sense 19.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: before
Target surface form: before
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given <t>before</t> or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=before%4:02:03:: | definition=earlier in time; previously | synonyms=earlier | examples=I had known her before; as I said before
2. sense_key=before%4:02:01:: | definition=at or in the front | synonyms=ahead, in front | examples=I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "before" appears:

"When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

In this sentence, "before" is being used to indicate a temporal relationship. It means that the anti-emetic medicine and fluids should be given at a time prior to when the cisplatin dose is given.

The two candidate senses are:
1. "earlier in time; previously" - synonyms: earlier | examples: "I had known her before; as I said before"
2. "at or in the front" - synonyms: ahead, in front | examples: "I see the lights of a town ahead; the road ahead is foggy"

In the given context, "before" is clearly being used in a temporal sense (earlier in time), not in a spatial sense (at or in the front). The phrase "before or after the cisplatin dose" is about timing - the medicine should be administered either before (earlier in time) or after (later in time) the cisplatin dose.

Therefore, the correct sense is sense 1: "earlier in time; previously"


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: after
Target surface form: after
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or <t>after</t> the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=after%4:02:01:: | definition=happening at a time subsequent to a reference time | synonyms=subsequently, later, afterwards, afterward, later on | examples=he apologized subsequently; he's going to the store but he'll be back here later
2. sense_key=after%4:02:00:: | definition=behind or in the rear | examples=and Jill came tumbling after

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "after" is being used.

The sentence is: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

Here, "after" is referring to a time relationship. The phrase "before or after the cisplatin dose" is comparing two possible temporal positions in relation to when the cisplatin dose is administered. This clearly indicates that "after" means "at a time subsequent to" the cisplatin dose.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=after%4:02:01:: | definition=happening at a time subsequent to a reference time | synonyms=subsequently, later, afterwards, afterward, later on | examples=he apologized subsequently; he's going to the store but he'll be back here later

2. sense_key=after%4:02:00:: | definition=behind or in the rear | examples=and Jill came tumbling after

The context clearly uses "after" to mean "subsequent to" or "at a later time than." This matches sense 1 perfectly. Sense 2 refers to spatial relationships (behind/in the rear), which doesn't fit the medical context.

The answer should be sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: dose
Context:
How is Alimta used? Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin <t>dose</t>. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes medication administration in a chemotherapy treatment protocol. The phrase "cisplatin dose" refers to a measured portion of medicine given at one time, which is the classic pharmaceutical usage. While sense 2 is also scientifically accurate for describing active agents, sense 1 is the most precise match as it specifically defines a "measured portion of medicine taken at any one time," which directly applies to the dosage of the chemotherapy drug cisplatin being administered in this medical setting.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "dose" in this medical passage.

The target word appears in: "When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose."

This is clearly a medical/pharmaceutical context discussing medication administration.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
   - This is about a measured portion of medicine taken at one time. This fits well with the context of "cisplatin dose" - the amount of medication given at one administration.

2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
   - This is broader and includes radiation. It's also about the quantity of an active agent taken/absorbed at one time. This could also fit, but it's more technical/scientific.

3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
   - This is about STDs - completely wrong context.

4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons
   - This is slang for LSD - completely wrong context.

Between senses 1 and 2, both are appropriate. Sense 1 is specifically about "medicine" while sense 2 is about "active agent" which could be medicine or radiation. In this medical context about chemotherapy drug administration, sense 1 seems most appropriate as it specifically mentions "medicine." However, sense 2 is also correct since cisplatin is indeed an active agent being absorbed.
Sense 1 (dose%1:06:00::) is the most fitting choice here since it directly references medicine rather than the broader scientific definition that encompasses radiation. The answer is sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: treatment
Target surface form: Treatment
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. <t>Treatment</t> should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse | examples=the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic; his treatment of the race question is badly biased

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to medical treatment with Alimta chemotherapy. The sentence "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced..." discusses the medical care and procedures being administered to patients. This matches sense 1, which defines treatment as "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)," with the synonym "intervention" being highly relevant to this medical context.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "Treatment" in this medical text.

The sentence is: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=treatment%1:04:00:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=intervention
   - This refers to medical care/procedures aimed at relieving illness or injury

2. sense_key=treatment%1:04:01:: | definition=the management of someone or something | synonyms=handling | examples=the handling of prisoners; the treatment of water sewage
   - This is about managing or handling something in general

3. sense_key=treatment%1:07:00:: | definition=a manner of dealing with something artistically | examples=his treatment of space borrows from Italian architecture
   - This is about artistic treatment, not medical

4. sense_key=treatment%1:10:00:: | definition=an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic | synonyms=discussion, discourse
   - This is about a discussion or discourse on a topic

The context is clearly about medical treatment with Alimta (a chemotherapy drug). The passage discusses:
- The use of anticancer chemotherapy
- Dosing information
- Side effect management
- When treatment should be delayed, discontinued, or the dose reduced

In this context, "Treatment" refers to the medical procedures and care being provided to patients, specifically the chemotherapy treatment with Alimta. This clearly matches sense 1, which defines treatment as "care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)."
The answer is sense_index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: delay
Target surface form: delayed
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be <t>delayed</t> or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=delay%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to be slowed down or delayed | synonyms=detain, hold up | examples=Traffic was delayed by the bad weather; she delayed the work that she didn't want to perform
2. sense_key=delay%2:42:00:: | definition=act later than planned, scheduled, or required | examples=Don't delay your application to graduate school or else it won't be considered
3. sense_key=delay%2:30:01:: | definition=stop or halt | synonyms=stay, detain | examples=Please stay the bloodshed!
4. sense_key=delay%2:30:05:: | definition=slow the growth or development of | synonyms=check, retard | examples=The brain damage will retard the child's language development

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes a medical treatment protocol where "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued" in certain clinical situations. This refers to postponing the scheduled treatment to a later time, not immediately providing it as originally planned. Sense 2 ("act later than planned, scheduled, or required") directly captures this meaning - the treatment administration should occur at a later point in time than currently scheduled, pending improvement in the patient's blood counts or resolution of side effects.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "delayed" in this medical text.

The sentence is: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

This is in the context of cancer chemotherapy treatment. The phrase "treatment should be delayed or discontinued" suggests that the treatment should be postponed or put off - not given immediately.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=delay%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to be slowed down or delayed | synonyms=detain, hold up
   - This is about causing something to be slower or held up
   - Example: "Traffic was delayed by the bad weather"
   - This could fit - treatment is being slowed down or postponed

2. sense_key=delay%2:42:00:: | definition=act later than planned, scheduled, or required
   - This is about acting or doing something at a later time than planned
   - Example: "Don't delay your application to graduate school"
   - This fits - delaying treatment means doing it later than currently planned

3. sense_key=delay%2:30:01:: | definition=stop or halt | synonyms=stay, detain
   - This is about stopping or halting completely
   - Example: "Please stay the bloodshed!"
   - This seems less likely since "delayed or discontinued" suggests different actions

4. sense_key=delay%2:30:05:: | definition=slow the growth or development of | synonyms=check, retard
   - This is about slowing growth or development
   - This is used in a different context (like the child's language development)
   - Doesn't fit well here

The context says treatment should be "delayed or discontinued" - these are presented as alternatives. Discontinued means stopped, so delayed should mean something different - to postpone or put off.
Sense 2 most directly applies here. It explicitly describes performing an action at a later time than scheduled, which is precisely what delaying treatment entails—administering it after the originally planned timeframe rather than immediately.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discontinue
Target surface form: discontinued
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or <t>discontinued</t>, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
2. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:01:: | definition=come to or be at an end | examples=the support from our sponsoring agency will discontinue after March 31
3. sense_key=discontinue%2:30:00:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, stop | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes a medical decision to actively stop or terminate treatment ("Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced"). This aligns with sense 1, which defines "discontinue" as "put an end to a state or an activity" with synonyms like "stop" and "cease." The other senses don't fit as well: sense 2 implies a passive ending (something naturally comes to an end), and sense 3 focuses on preventing completion rather than actively ending an ongoing activity.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the three candidate senses for "discontinued" in this medical document about Alimta.

Context: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

The sentence is describing medical treatment protocol. "Discontinued" here means to stop or terminate the treatment.

Let me look at each sense:

1. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=stop, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
   - This sense means to intentionally stop or end something (an activity/state)
   - This fits well with the medical context where treatment needs to be stopped

2. sense_key=discontinue%2:42:01:: | definition=come to or be at an end | examples=the support from our sponsoring agency will discontinue after March 31
   - This sense suggests something naturally comes to an end, more passive
   - The example shows something expiring or ending naturally, not being actively stopped
   - This doesn't quite fit as well because the decision to discontinue is active

3. sense_key=discontinue%2:30:00:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, stop | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations
   - This focuses on preventing completion, which is somewhat different
   - While discontinuing treatment could prevent completion of a course, the primary sense here is stopping/ending, not specifically preventing completion

In the medical context, the treatment is being actively stopped/terminated by the doctor's decision. This is most consistent with sense 1, which means "put an end to a state or an activity" - the activity being the ongoing treatment.

Sense 2 seems more passive (something naturally comes to an end), while the context suggests an active decision to stop.
Sense 3 emphasizes interrupting a process rather than the core meaning needed here. Sense 1 is the correct match—it captures the active termination of treatment that the clinical guidance requires.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: dose
Target surface form: dose
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the <t>dose</t> reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact | synonyms=venereal disease, VD, venereal infection, social disease, Cupid's itch, Cupid's disease
4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide | synonyms=acid, back breaker, battery-acid, dot, Elvis, loony toons

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context is clearly about chemotherapy medication dosing. The passage repeatedly discusses "the recommended dose of Alimta" (500 mg), reducing "the dose," and the "cisplatin dose." This refers to a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time, which matches sense 1 perfectly. Sense 2, while also possible, is more general (including substances and radiation), whereas sense 1 is specifically about medicine, which is the direct context here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "dose" in this medical passage about the chemotherapy drug Alimta.

The passage discusses:
- "The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area"
- "the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal"
- "before or after the cisplatin dose"

In all these contexts, "dose" refers to a measured quantity of a medicine/drug taken at any one time.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=dose%1:06:00:: | definition=a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time | synonyms=dosage
   - This fits perfectly. It's talking about the measured amount of Alimta given to patients.

2. sense_key=dose%1:23:00:: | definition=the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation) taken in or absorbed at any one time | synonyms=dosage
   - This is very similar to sense 1, but it's broader - "the quantity of an active agent (substance or radiation)" rather than specifically "medicine"

3. sense_key=dose%1:26:00:: | definition=a communicable infection transmitted by sexual intercourse or genital contact
   - This is clearly not relevant. This is a slang meaning of "dose" related to venereal disease.

4. sense_key=dose%1:06:01:: | definition=street name for lysergic acid diethylamide
   - This is also clearly not relevant. This is slang for LSD.

Both sense 1 and sense 2 are reasonable, but sense 1 is more specific to medicine/pharmaceuticals, which is the exact context here. The passage is explicitly about chemotherapy medicine doses. Sense 1 specifically says "a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time," which is the most directly applicable.
Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: reduce
Target surface form: reduced
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose <t>reduced</t>, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=reduce%2:30:00:: | definition=cut down on; make a reduction in | synonyms=cut down, cut back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut | examples=reduce your daily fat intake; The employer wants to cut back health benefits
2. sense_key=reduce%2:30:06:: | definition=make less complex | examples=reduce a problem to a single question
3. sense_key=reduce%2:41:00:: | definition=bring to humbler or weaker state or condition | examples=He reduced the population to slavery
4. sense_key=reduce%2:40:04:: | definition=simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
5. sense_key=reduce%2:37:00:: | definition=lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation | examples=She reduced her niece to a servant
6. sense_key=reduce%2:30:11:: | definition=be the essential element | synonyms=come down, boil down | examples=The proposal boils down to a compromise
7. sense_key=reduce%2:30:05:: | definition=reduce in size; reduce physically | synonyms=shrink | examples=Hot water will shrink the sweater; Can you shrink this image?
8. sense_key=reduce%2:40:00:: | definition=lessen and make more modest | examples=reduce one's standard of living
9. sense_key=reduce%2:30:04:: | definition=make smaller | synonyms=scale down | examples=reduce an image
10. sense_key=reduce%2:30:03:: | definition=to remove oxygen from a compound, or cause to react with hydrogen or form a hydride, or to undergo an increase in the number of electrons | synonyms=deoxidize, deoxidise
11. sense_key=reduce%2:30:01:: | definition=narrow or limit | synonyms=tighten | examples=reduce the influx of foreigners
12. sense_key=reduce%2:41:03:: | definition=put down by force or intimidation | synonyms=repress, quash, keep down, subdue, subjugate | examples=The government quashes any attempt of an uprising; China keeps down her dissidents very efficiently
13. sense_key=reduce%2:35:00:: | definition=undergo meiosis | examples=The cells reduce
14. sense_key=reduce%2:35:01:: | definition=reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
15. sense_key=reduce%2:30:12:: | definition=destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
16. sense_key=reduce%2:30:08:: | definition=reduce in scope while retaining essential elements | synonyms=abridge, foreshorten, abbreviate, shorten, cut, contract | examples=The manuscript must be shortened
17. sense_key=reduce%2:30:10:: | definition=be cooked until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, decoct, concentrate | examples=The sauce should reduce to one cup
18. sense_key=reduce%2:30:02:: | definition=cook until very little liquid is left | synonyms=boil down, concentrate | examples=The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time
19. sense_key=reduce%2:30:09:: | definition=lessen the strength or flavor of a solution or mixture | synonyms=dilute, thin, thin out, cut | examples=cut bourbon
20. sense_key=reduce%2:29:00:: | definition=take off weight | synonyms=melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

In this medical context, "reduced" means to lower the dose (amount of medication) given to patients. This matches sense 1 ("cut down on; make a reduction in"), which refers to decreasing the quantity or amount of something. The example "reduce your daily fat intake" parallels the semantic usage here—both involve cutting back on the amount of a substance being administered or consumed.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "reduced" is used:

"Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

In this medical context, "reduced" refers to lowering the dose (amount) of a medication. The sentence is saying that the dose should be made smaller/lower.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "cut down on; make a reduction in" - This is about reducing the amount of something. Example: "reduce your daily fat intake". This seems relevant - reducing the dose is similar to reducing intake.

2. "make less complex" - Not relevant here

3. "bring to humbler or weaker state" - Not relevant

4. "simplify mathematical equation" - Not relevant

5. "lower in grade or rank" - Not relevant

6. "be the essential element" - Not relevant

7. "reduce in size; reduce physically" - Could fit, but this is more about shrinking something

8. "lessen and make more modest" - Could fit

9. "make smaller" - This could fit - reducing the dose makes it smaller

10. "to remove oxygen from a compound" - Not relevant

11. "narrow or limit" - Could fit - limiting the dose

12. "put down by force" - Not relevant

13. "undergo meiosis" - Not relevant

14. "reposition a broken bone" - Not relevant

15. "destress sound" - Not relevant

16. "reduce in scope while retaining essential elements" - Not relevant

17. "be cooked until very little liquid is left" - Not relevant

18. "cook until very little liquid is left" - Not relevant

19. "lessen the strength or flavor of a solution" - Not relevant

20. "take off weight" - Not relevant

The best fit seems to be sense 1: "cut down on; make a reduction in" - this is about making a reduction in the amount or quantity of something. In the context, the dose should be reduced (made smaller in quantity).
Sense 9 could work too, but sense 1 more directly captures the idea of cutting back on a quantity rather than just making something physically smaller. I'll go with sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: patient
Target surface form: patients
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in <t>patients</t> whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=patient%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who requires medical care | examples=the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly
2. sense_key=patient%1:10:00:: | definition=the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause | synonyms=affected role, patient role

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "patients" in this medical context refers to actual people receiving medical care and treatment with Alimta. The passage discusses how patients should be managed during this chemotherapy treatment - what medications they should take, what conditions require dose modifications, and contraindications. This clearly aligns with sense 1: "a person who requires medical care," rather than the linguistic/semantic role sense in sense 2.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "patients" in the context of a medical document about Alimta (a chemotherapy drug).

Let me examine the two candidate senses:

1. **Sense 1** (patient%1:18:00::): "a person who requires medical care" - definition about a person receiving medical care. The example is "the number of emergency patients has grown rapidly" which directly refers to people receiving medical care.

2. **Sense 2** (patient%1:10:00::): "the semantic role of an entity that is not the agent but is directly involved in or affected by the happening denoted by the verb in the clause" - this is a linguistic/grammatical sense about the semantic role of a patient in a sentence.

Looking at the context:
- "patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid"
- "in patients whose blood counts are abnormal"
- "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems"

In all these instances, "patients" refers to actual people receiving the medical treatment described. These are people who require medical care in relation to Alimta treatment.

This is clearly sense 1 - the noun sense referring to actual people who require medical care, not the linguistic/semantic role sense.

Sense 1 is indexed as the best match for this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: blood_count
Target surface form: blood counts
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose <t>blood counts</t> are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=blood_count%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
2. sense_key=blood_count%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context indicates that "blood counts" refers to the actual numerical values of red and white blood cells, not the process of counting them. The phrase "patients whose blood counts are abnormal" clearly describes the results themselves (the numbers/values) being abnormal, not the act of measurement. This corresponds to sense 1: "the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "blood counts" is being used.

The target word is "blood counts" in this context: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=blood_count%1:23:00:: | definition=the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample
2. sense_key=blood_count%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample

Let me think about which makes more sense:

In the sentence, it says "patients whose blood counts are abnormal" - this is referring to the actual VALUES/NUMBERS of the blood cells, not the act or process of counting them. If the blood counts are abnormal, it means the actual numbers/values of red and white blood cells are abnormal.

Sense 1 refers to "the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample" - this is the actual numerical result/data.

Sense 2 refers to "the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample" - this is the process/action of counting.

The phrase "blood counts are abnormal" clearly refers to the RESULT (the numbers themselves), not the ACT of counting. You wouldn't say "the act of estimating is abnormal" - you would say "the numbers are abnormal."

Therefore, sense 1 (blood_count%1:23:00::) is the correct answer.

The sense index would be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: abnormal
Target surface form: abnormal
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are <t>abnormal</t> or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:00:: | definition=not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm | synonyms=unnatural | examples=abnormal powers of concentration; abnormal amounts of rain
2. sense_key=abnormal%3:00:03:: | definition=departing from the normal in e.g. intelligence and development | examples=they were heartbroken when they learned their child was abnormal; an abnormal personality
3. sense_key=abnormal%5:00:00:immoderate:00 | definition=much greater than the normal | examples=abnormal profits; abnormal ambition

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context describes a medical scenario where "abnormal" refers to blood counts that deviate from normal clinical ranges. This requires treatment adjustments regardless of whether counts are elevated or decreased. Sense 1's definition of "not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm" best fits this general medical usage, whereas Sense 2 is specific to developmental/personality disorders and Sense 3 is restrictively about exceeding normal (when blood counts could be abnormally low).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "abnormal" is being used.

The sentence is: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

In this medical context, "abnormal" is describing blood counts. The sentence is saying that if blood counts are abnormal (not within normal ranges), treatment decisions need to be made.

Let me look at each sense:

1. Sense 1: "not normal; not typical or usual or regular or conforming to a norm" with examples like "abnormal powers of concentration; abnormal amounts of rain"
   - This is a general definition of abnormal meaning not conforming to a norm
   - This fits the medical context where blood counts that are not in the normal range would require treatment adjustments

2. Sense 2: "departing from the normal in e.g. intelligence and development" with examples "they were heartbroken when they learned their child was abnormal; an abnormal personality"
   - This is specifically about developmental or personality disorders
   - This doesn't fit the medical/clinical context of blood counts

3. Sense 3: "much greater than the normal" with examples "abnormal profits; abnormal ambition"
   - This specifically means "much greater" rather than just "not normal"
   - In the medical context, blood counts could be abnormally high OR abnormally low, not just high
   - This is too restrictive

The most appropriate sense is Sense 1, which is the general meaning of "not normal; not typical or usual" - this applies to blood counts that fall outside the normal range, which is the clinical meaning in this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who <t>have</t> certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 12}
```

The context describes patients experiencing medical side effects. Sense 12 ("suffer from; be ill with") is the most appropriate, as it's specifically used for medical conditions and aligns with the example "She has arthritis." In medical discourse, when patients "have" side effects, it means they are suffering from or experiencing those adverse effects.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of the sentence where "have" appears:

"Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

The subject is "patients" and "have" means they possess or experience certain side effects. Let me consider the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" - This could fit.
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | "have as a feature" - Could work, like side effects are a feature.
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" - This could fit well - patients experience side effects.
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | "have ownership or possession of" - This could fit, but less natural.
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | "suffer from; be ill with" - This is very appropriate for medical context. Patients "have" (suffer from) side effects.
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)" - Similar to #12.

In medical language, when we say a patient "has" a side effect, we typically mean they are experiencing or suffering from it. The most appropriate sense would be either:
- #3: "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" with synonym "experience"
- #12: "suffer from; be ill with"
- #16: "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)"

Looking at the examples:
- #3: "get an idea; experience vertigo" - "experience" is a direct synonym
- #12: "She has arthritis" - This is very similar to "patients have side effects"
- #16: "She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock" - Very medical context
- #12 is the most fitting choice since it's specifically designed for medical conditions and adverse effects, making it the clearest match for how "have" functions in this clinical context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: certain
Target surface form: certain
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have <t>certain</t> other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:definite:00 | definition=definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week; to a certain degree
2. sense_key=certain%3:00:02:: | definition=having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured | synonyms=sure | examples=felt certain of success; was sure (or certain) she had seen it
3. sense_key=certain%3:00:01:: | definition=established beyond doubt or question; definitely known | examples=what is certain is that every effect must have a cause; it is certain that they were on the bus
4. sense_key=certain%3:00:03:: | definition=certain to occur; destined or inevitable; ; ; - Benjamin Franklin | synonyms=sure | examples=he was certain to fail; his fate is certain
5. sense_key=certain%3:00:05:: | definition=established irrevocably | synonyms=sealed | examples=his fate is sealed
6. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:reliable:00 | definition=reliable in operation or effect | synonyms=sure | examples=a quick and certain remedy; a sure way to distinguish the two
7. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance | synonyms=sure | examples=be certain to disconnect the iron when you are through; be sure to lock the doors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

In this medical context, "certain other side effects" refers to specific side effects that are definite and particular, but not explicitly named or identified in the text. This matches sense 1: "definite but not specified or identified," which is exemplified by phrases like "set aside a certain sum each week." The word indicates a particular but unnamed category of adverse effects that would warrant treatment delay, discontinuation, or dose reduction.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "certain" in the given medical text.

The sentence in context is:
"Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

Here, "certain" is being used to refer to "certain other side effects" - it's describing a group of side effects that are not specifically named but are being referred to as a particular group.

Let me look at each sense:

1. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:definite:00 | definition=definite but not specified or identified | examples=set aside a certain sum each week; to a certain degree
   - This fits! The examples match perfectly - "set aside a certain sum" is similar to "certain other side effects" - both refer to something definite but not specifically identified.

2. sense_key=certain%3:00:02:: | definition=having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured
   - This doesn't fit. The word is not describing a feeling or state of confidence.

3. sense_key=certain%3:00:01:: | definition=established beyond doubt or question; definitely known
   - This doesn't fit. The side effects are not "established beyond doubt" - they're just not specifically named.

4. sense_key=certain%3:00:03:: | definition=certain to occur; destined or inevitable
   - This doesn't fit. The side effects are not being described as inevitable.

5. sense_key=certain%3:00:05:: | definition=established irrevocably
   - This doesn't fit.

6. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:reliable:00 | definition=reliable in operation or effect
   - This doesn't fit. This is about reliability.

7. sense_key=certain%5:00:00:careful:00 | definition=exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance
   - This doesn't fit either. The remaining senses don't apply to this usage.

Sense 1 is the clear match—"certain" here means something definite but unspecified, just as "a certain sum" refers to a specific amount without naming it. In this medical context, "certain other side effects" identifies particular adverse effects without listing them explicitly. The answer is sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: other
Target surface form: other
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain <t>other</t> side effects. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: | definition=not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; - the White Queen | examples=today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works
2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 | definition=recently past | examples=the other evening
3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 | definition=belonging to the distant past | synonyms=early, former | examples=the early inhabitants of Europe; former generations
4. sense_key=other%5:00:00:strange:00 | definition=very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; - Lance Morrow | examples=a strange, other dimension...where his powers seemed to fail

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "other" in this context refers to side effects that are "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied." The sentence discusses abnormal blood counts as one specific side effect, then uses "other side effects" to refer to additional, different side effects beyond what was explicitly mentioned. This matches sense 1 perfectly, which defines "other" as referring to different items not previously mentioned.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "other" in the given context:

Context: "Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects."

In this sentence, "other" refers to side effects that are not the specific ones already mentioned (abnormal blood counts). It means "additional" or "different" side effects beyond what has already been discussed.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=other%3:00:00:: - "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied" with examples like "today isn't any other day; the construction of highways and other public works". This perfectly fits the context. "Other side effects" means side effects not already mentioned/implied.

2. sense_key=other%5:00:00:past:00 - "recently past" with example "the other evening". This doesn't fit - the context is not about time or the past.

3. sense_key=other%5:00:02:past:00 - "belonging to the distant past" with synonyms "early, former". This is clearly not about the distant past - it's about side effects.

4. sense_key=other%5:00:04:strange:00 - "very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected". While "other" could mean unusual in some contexts, this doesn't fit here. The text is about side effects that aren't specifically mentioned yet, not about them being strange or unusual.

The best fit is sense 1 - "not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied". This is the standard meaning of "other" when referring to additional items in the same category (side effects in this case).

So the sense_index should be 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: side_effect
Target surface form: side effects
Context:
Alimta should only be given under the supervision of a doctor who is qualified in the use of anticancer chemotherapy. The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other <t>side effects</t>. Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=side_effect%1:26:00:: | definition=a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy | examples=severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
2. sense_key=side_effect%1:19:00:: | definition=any adverse and unwanted secondary effect | synonyms=fallout | examples=a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context is clearly medical/pharmaceutical, discussing side effects of a chemotherapy drug (Alimta). Sense 1 specifically defines side effects as secondary adverse effects of a drug or therapy, with an example directly related to drug effects. Sense 2 is more general and its example (accounting scandal fallout) is irrelevant to the medical context presented here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the target word "side effects" in context.

The context is a medical text about Alimta (a chemotherapy drug). The passage discusses:
1. How to administer the drug
2. Measures to reduce side effects (taking corticosteroid, folic acid, vitamin B12)
3. Treatment adjustments based on side effects

Looking at the two candidate senses:

Sense 1: "a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy"
- Definition explicitly mentions "drug or therapy"
- Example: "severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug"
- This is clearly medical/pharmaceutical context

Sense 2: "any adverse and unwanted secondary effect"
- More general definition
- Synonym: "fallout"
- Example relates to an accounting scandal, not medical context

In the given context, we're clearly talking about side effects in the medical/pharmaceutical sense. The passage mentions:
- Taking measures "to reduce side effects"
- "patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects"
- This is in the context of a chemotherapy drug (Alimta)

Sense 1 is the best fit because:
1. It specifically addresses drug/therapy context
2. The example about headaches from a drug is directly analogous to the medical context
3. The definition mentions "secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy" which perfectly matches the context

Therefore, the answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: use
Target surface form: use
Context:
The recommended dose of Alimta is 500 mg per square metre of body surface area (calculated using the patient s height and weight). It is given once every three weeks as an intravenous infusion lasting 10 minutes. To reduce side effects, patients should take a corticosteroid and folic acid (a type of vitamin), and receive injections of vitamin B12 during treatment with Alimta. When Alimta is given with cisplatin, an anti-emetic medicine (to prevent vomiting) and fluids (to prevent dehydration) should also be given before or after the cisplatin dose. Treatment should be delayed or discontinued, or the dose reduced, in patients whose blood counts are abnormal or who have certain other side effects. Alimta is not recommended for <t>use</t> in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems. For more information, see the Summary of Product Characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=use%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of using | synonyms=usage, utilization, utilisation, employment, exercise | examples=he warned against the use of narcotic drugs; skilled in the utilization of computers
2. sense_key=use%1:07:00:: | definition=what something is used for | synonyms=function, purpose, role | examples=the function of an auger is to bore holes; ballet is beautiful but what use is it?
3. sense_key=use%1:07:02:: | definition=a particular service | examples=he put his knowledge to good use; patrons have their uses
4. sense_key=use%1:22:00:: | definition=(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing | synonyms=consumption, economic consumption, usance, use of goods and services | examples=the consumption of energy has increased steadily
5. sense_key=use%1:04:01:: | definition=(psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition | synonyms=habit | examples=owls have nocturnal habits; she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair
6. sense_key=use%1:04:02:: | definition=exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage | synonyms=manipulation | examples=his manipulation of his friends was scandalous
7. sense_key=use%1:07:03:: | definition=(law) the exercise of the legal right to enjoy the benefits of owning property | synonyms=enjoyment | examples=we were given the use of his boat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "use" in the phrase "not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems" refers to the act of administering or applying the medication. This matches sense 1, which defines "use" as "the act of using" with examples like "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs," where "use" similarly refers to the action of employing a substance. The phrase describes that Alimta should not be applied/administered to patients with kidney problems.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the target word "use" to determine which sense is most appropriate.

Context: "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems."

In this sentence, "use" refers to what the medication is used for - it's referring to the application or employment of Alimta in treating patients with kidney problems.

Let me examine each sense:

1. Sense 1 (use%1:04:00::): "the act of using" - This refers to the action of using something. The examples include "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs" which shows using is the action.

2. Sense 2 (use%1:07:00::): "what something is used for" - This refers to the purpose or function. Example: "ballet is beautiful but what use is it?" - asking about the purpose/function.

3. Sense 3 (use%1:07:02::): "a particular service" - Examples: "he put his knowledge to good use; patrons have their uses"

4. Sense 4 (use%1:22:00::): "(economics) the utilization of economic goods" - This is specific to economic context.

5. Sense 5 (use%1:04:01::): A psychological term about habits.

6. Sense 6 (use%1:04:02::): About manipulation.

7. Sense 7 (use%1:07:03::): Legal term about property rights.

In the sentence "Alimta is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney problems," the word "use" refers to the application/administration of the medication. This could mean either:
- The action of using it (sense 1)
- What it's used for/its purpose (sense 2)

Looking at the context more carefully: "not recommended for use in patients with..." - this is saying the medication should not be used in/administered to patients with kidney problems.

The phrase is fundamentally about the action of administering or applying the drug to this patient population, which corresponds to sense 1 "the act of using." This is the most fitting interpretation.