[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one <t>presidential</t> election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "presidential election year" in the context refers to an election year related to the presidency itself - specifically, a year in which a president is elected. This matches sense 1, "relating to a president or presidency," similar to how "presidential aides" and "presidential veto" relate to the president or presidency. Sense 2 ("befitting a president") would describe something as dignified or appropriate in manner, which is not the intended meaning here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the two senses to determine which one best fits the usage of "presidential" in this sentence.

The sentence reads: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948..."

Looking at the two senses:
1. Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" with examples "presidential aides; presidential veto"
2. Sense 2: "befitting a president" with examples about looking presidential

In the context, "presidential election year" refers to an election year in which a president is elected. This is clearly relating to the president or the presidency itself - it's an election year that involves the presidency.

Sense 1 ("relating to a president or presidency") fits perfectly here. The phrase "presidential election year" means an election year related to the presidency/president.

Sense 2 ("befitting a president") would refer to something being appropriate or dignified in the manner of a president, which is not what's being described here.

The answer should be sense 1.

The format asks for {"sense_index": X} where X is the index number. Since sense 1 is the first sense listed, the index would be 1.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential <t>election</t> year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

finish_reason: stop

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for "election."

The context is about voting in presidential elections - specifically referring to a "presidential election year prior to 1948" and discusses "congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

This is clearly talking about the formal process or event of voting to select political leaders.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
   - This is about the voting process to select someone for political office. This fits well with the presidential election context.

2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
   - This is more general and could apply to any deliberate choice. The example is about choosing a profession, not political voting.

3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
   - This refers to the state of being elected, the result or consequence of being elected.

4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)
   - This is a religious sense, clearly not applicable here.

The context talks about "presidential election year" and discusses the voting behavior in different districts. This is talking about the event/process of voting to select the president and other political offices. Sense 1 is the best match because it specifically refers to "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" which directly matches a presidential election.

Sense 2 is too broad and general, and the example shows it being used for choosing a profession.

Sense 3 refers to the status of being elected, not the event of voting itself.

The answer should be sense 1.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: year
Target surface form: year
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920
2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year
3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days
4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context refers to "presidential election year" - a specific calendar year in which elections occurred (prior to 1948). This uses the standard sense of "year" as a period of 365 or 366 days, as evidenced by the example "in the year 1920" in sense 1, which parallels the usage here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "year" is being used.

The sentence is: "In only one presidential election <t>year</t> prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The context is about presidential elections. It's discussing "presidential election year" - referring to a specific year when a presidential election occurs.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=year%1:28:01:: | definition=a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days | synonyms=twelvemonth, yr | examples=she is 4 years old; in the year 1920

This is the most general sense - a calendar year as a standard unit of time.

2. sense_key=year%1:28:02:: | definition=a period of time occupying a regular part of a calendar year that is used for some particular activity | examples=a school year

This refers to a specific portion of time used for particular activities.

3. sense_key=year%1:28:00:: | definition=the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun | examples=a Martian year takes 687 of our days

This is about planetary revolution - not relevant here.

4. sense_key=year%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of students who graduate together | synonyms=class | examples=the class of '97; she was in my year at Hoehandle High

This is about a cohort of students - not relevant here.

In the context, "presidential election year" refers to a calendar year in which a presidential election occurs - specifically 1948 or prior years. The phrase "the year 1920" in the examples of sense 1 is very similar to how "year" is used here - referring to a specific calendar year.
The standard calendar year definition fits best—a 365 or 366-day period marking a specific point in time, just as the example "in the year 1920" demonstrates.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: nation
Target surface form: nation
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the <t>nation</t>'s congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=nation%1:14:00:: | definition=a politically organized body of people under a single government | synonyms=state, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic | examples=the state has elected a new president; African nations
2. sense_key=nation%1:14:01:: | definition=the people who live in a nation or country | synonyms=land, country | examples=a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation
3. sense_key=nation%1:18:00:: | definition=United States prohibitionist who raided saloons and destroyed bottles of liquor with a hatchet (1846-1911) | synonyms=Carry Nation, Carry Amelia Moore Nation
4. sense_key=nation%1:14:02:: | definition=a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes) | examples=the Shawnee nation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context refers to "the nation's congressional districts" in discussing U.S. political voting patterns. This uses "nation" to mean the politically organized body of the United States as a sovereign state with governmental districts under its authority, which matches sense 1's definition of "a politically organized body of people under a single government."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "nation" is being used.

The context is about political voting patterns in congressional districts. The sentence states: "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate..."

The key phrase is "the nation's congressional districts" - this is referring to the congressional districts that belong to the United States as a country/political entity.

Let me examine each sense:

1. Sense 1: "a politically organized body of people under a single government" - This refers to the nation as a political entity/state. Examples include "the state has elected a new president; African nations"

2. Sense 2: "the people who live in a nation or country" - This refers to the nation as the people/inhabitants. Examples: "a statement that sums up the nation's mood; the news was announced to the nation"

3. Sense 3: This is about Carry Nation, a person, so clearly not relevant here.

4. Sense 4: "a federation of tribes (especially Native American tribes)" - Not relevant in this context.

Looking at the context more carefully: "the nation's congressional districts" - this is referring to the United States as a political entity. The passage is discussing the voting patterns across congressional districts within the nation (the United States).

While it could theoretically refer to the people of the nation, the construction "the nation's congressional districts" more naturally refers to the nation as a political entity/state that has congressional districts under its authority. This fits better with sense 1.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: choose
Target surface form: choose
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts <t>choose</t> a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=choose%2:31:00:: | definition=pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives | synonyms=take, select, pick out | examples=Take any one of these cards; Choose a good husband for your daughter
2. sense_key=choose%2:31:02:: | definition=select as an alternative over another | synonyms=prefer, opt | examples=I always choose the fish over the meat courses in this restaurant; She opted for the job on the East coast
3. sense_key=choose%2:31:01:: | definition=see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way | examples=She chose not to attend classes and now she failed the exam

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The congressional districts are selecting from alternative candidates - choosing one party's candidate for the White House versus another party's candidate for the House. This matches sense 1, which defines "choose" as "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives." The context clearly shows districts making a selection among multiple candidate options.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of the word "choose" in this sentence:

"In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The context is about congressional districts selecting/voting for candidates. The districts are choosing between alternatives - they can either choose a candidate from party A for the White House and party A for the House, or they can choose a different party's candidate for one or both positions.

Let me examine the three senses:

1. "pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives" - This is about selecting from multiple options. The synonyms are take, select, pick out. The examples show picking alternatives like cards or choosing a husband.

2. "select as an alternative over another" - This involves choosing one option over another option (expressing a preference). Synonyms: prefer, opt. Examples show choosing one thing instead of another (fish over meat, job on East coast).

3. "see fit or proper to act in a certain way; decide to act in a certain way" - This is about deciding to do something or not do something. Example: "She chose not to attend classes"

In the context of the passage, the congressional districts are choosing/voting for candidates. They are selecting from alternatives - they can choose party A's candidate for the White House OR party B's candidate. The key aspect is that they're picking from alternatives.

Sense 1 fits best because it's about "selecting from a number of alternatives" which is exactly what's happening - the districts are choosing between different party candidates.

Sense 2 could also fit since it's about selecting one alternative over another, but sense 1 is more straightforward - it's simply about selecting from available options.

Sense 3 doesn't fit as well because it's more about deciding to do/not do something, not about selecting from alternatives.
The first sense captures what's happening here—districts are simply picking from available candidates rather than expressing a preference or making a decision about whether to act.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context discusses congressional districts choosing "a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives," explicitly referencing political parties (GOP, Democratic) and voting patterns across electoral levels. This clearly refers to political organizations competing for power, not social gatherings or temporary groups.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence reads: "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%." referring to congressional districts that "choose a different <t>party</t>'s candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

The context is clearly about political parties - comparing which political party gets voted for (either Democrats or Republicans, etc.) at the presidential level versus the congressional level.

Let me look at the senses:

1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
   - This is clearly about a political party (an organization to gain political power)

2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
   - This is a social gathering, not relevant

3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food
   - This is a temporary group for an activity, not a political organization

4. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
   - This is a social event/occasion, not relevant

5. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part
   - This is a legal term, not relevant

The context is clearly discussing political parties. The passage talks about which political party gets voted for at different levels (presidential vs. congressional), mentions "GOP" (Republican party), "Democratic" party candidates, and talks about choosing "a different party's candidate."

The best match is sense 1: an organization to gain political power / political party.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: candidate
Target surface form: candidate
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=candidate%1:18:01:: | definition=a politician who is running for public office | synonyms=campaigner, nominee
2. sense_key=candidate%1:18:00:: | definition=someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.) | synonyms=prospect

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "candidate" is being used.

The sentence discusses "political 'ticket splitting'" and mentions choosing "a different party's <t>candidate</t> for the White House than for the House of Representatives."

Looking at the two senses:

1. Sense 1: "a politician who is running for public office" - synonyms: campaigner, nominee
2. Sense 2: "someone who is considered for something (for an office or prize or honor etc.)" - synonyms: prospect

In the context, the word "candidate" refers to someone who is being voted for in an election - specifically for the White House (presidential candidate) or for the House of Representatives. These are people who are running for public office.

The key phrase is "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives." This is clearly referring to people who are running for election to these offices.

Sense 1 ("a politician who is running for public office") fits this context perfectly. The synonyms "campaigner" and "nominee" also fit well - these are politicians actively running.

Sense 2 ("someone who is considered for something") is more general and doesn't emphasize the active running for office aspect as much.

Given the political election context where people are being chosen/voted for in elections, Sense 1 is the best fit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "percentage" is being used.

The context discusses:
- Political ticket splitting in US elections
- "In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate..."
- "Now that <t>percentage</t> routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

The passage is talking about a proportion or ratio of congressional districts that exhibit a certain voting pattern. The "percentage" here refers to what proportion of districts vote for different parties at the presidential vs. congressional level.

Let me examine the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)" with synonyms: percent, per centum, pct
   - This clearly fits the mathematical/statistical meaning of percentage as a proportion expressed as a rate per hundred
   - The context mentions "20%", "a third" (approximately 33%), and "above 40%" - all expressions of proportions

2. Sense 2: "assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group" with synonyms: share, portion, part
   - This is about ownership or entitlement to assets
   - The example given is "he wanted his share in cash"
   - This doesn't fit the context at all - we're not talking about assets or ownership

The word "percentage" in the sentence "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%" clearly refers to the mathematical proportion or ratio (the proportion of districts that split their votes), not to assets or financial entitlements.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: equal
Target surface form: equals
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely <t>equals</t> a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=equal%2:42:00:: | definition=be identical or equivalent to | synonyms=be | examples=One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!
2. sense_key=equal%2:42:01:: | definition=be equal to in quality or ability | synonyms=touch, rival, match | examples=Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues
3. sense_key=equal%2:30:00:: | definition=make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching | synonyms=match, equalize, equalise, equate | examples=let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context uses "equals" in the sense of "be identical or equivalent to." The sentence states that a percentage "routinely equals a third," which is a mathematical equivalence statement about quantity/value, parallel to the example "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles." This is distinct from sense 2 (matching in quality/ability) and sense 3 (the transitive causative action of making equal).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for the word "equals" in this passage.

The sentence in question is: "Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%."

Let me look at each sense:

1. **sense_key=equal%2:42:00:: | "be identical or equivalent to"**
   - Synonyms: be
   - Examples: "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles these days!"
   - This is about being mathematically or factually equivalent/identical

2. **sense_key=equal%2:42:01:: | "be equal to in quality or ability"**
   - Synonyms: touch, rival, match
   - Examples: "Nothing can rival cotton for durability; Your performance doesn't even touch that of your colleagues"
   - This is about matching in quality or ability

3. **sense_key=equal%2:30:00:: | "make equal, uniform, corresponding, or matching"**
   - Synonyms: match, equalize, equalise, equate
   - Examples: "let's equalize the duties among all employees in this office; The company matched the discount policy of its competitors"
   - This is about making something equal (a transitive/causative sense)

In the context: "that percentage routinely equals a third"

The sentence is saying that the percentage (of districts choosing different parties for president vs. House) is equivalent to/amounts to approximately one-third. This is a mathematical/factual equivalence statement, similar to the example "One dollar equals 1,000 rubles."

This is clearly sense 1 - "be identical or equivalent to" - which is about being equivalent in quantity/value, not about being equal in quality (sense 2), and not about making something equal (sense 3, which is transitive).

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we <t>know</t>, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "As we know" in this context means "as we are aware of" or "as is commonly recognized as a fact." The speaker is asserting that voters' tendency to favor Republicans more in presidential races than congressional races is something commonly understood or recognized. This matches sense 1: "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of "know" in this passage.

The sentence is: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

This is a phrase like "As we know" which is used to introduce something that is commonly understood or accepted as true. The speaker is saying that this is something commonly recognized or accepted as fact by the audience.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information" - This is about being aware of facts. The phrase "As we know" does express that something is commonly known/recognized as a fact.

2. "know how to do or perform something" - This is about ability/skill. Not relevant here.

3. "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt" - This is about accepting something as true. This seems quite relevant - "As we know" means something is understood to be true.

4. "be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object" - About knowing people or things. Not relevant here.

5. "have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations" - About experiencing something directly. Not relevant.

6. "accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority" - Not relevant.

7. "have fixed in the mind" - About memorizing or having knowledge in mind. Possibly relevant.

8. Sexual intercourse - Clearly not relevant.

9. "know the nature or character of" - About knowing someone's character. Not relevant.

10. "be able to distinguish, recognize as being different" - Not relevant.

11. "perceive as familiar" - Not relevant.

The phrase "As we know" is asserting something as common knowledge or accepted fact. This best matches sense 1 (be cognizant or aware of a fact) or sense 3 (be aware of the truth of something; regard as true beyond any doubt).
Between the two, sense 1 is more straightforward—"As we know" simply means "as we are aware of" or "as is commonly recognized." This captures the essential meaning without overcomplicating it.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tend
Target surface form: tend
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters <t>tend</t> to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small
2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children
3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and determine which sense of "tend" is being used.

The sentence is: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

Let me look at the three candidate senses:

1. sense_key=tend%2:42:01:: | definition=have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined | synonyms=be given, lean, incline, run | examples=She tends to be nervous before her lectures; These dresses run small

2. sense_key=tend%2:41:00:: | definition=have care of or look after | examples=She tends to the children

3. sense_key=tend%2:41:01:: | definition=manage or run | examples=tend a store

In the context sentence: "voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress"

This is clearly expressing a tendency or disposition - voters have a tendency/inclination to favor Republicans in presidential races. This is not about taking care of someone or managing something.

Sense 1 is the best fit: "have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined" - this matches perfectly with the usage in the sentence. The example "She tends to be nervous before her lectures" is very similar in structure to our sentence.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: favor
Target surface form: favor
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to <t>favor</t> Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "favor" in this sentence:

"As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

The context is discussing voting preferences. The sentence is saying that voters prefer/like Republicans more in presidential elections than in congressional elections.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=favor%2:41:00:: | definition=promote over another | synonyms=prefer, favour | examples=he favors his second daughter
   - This means to prefer or like one thing more than another
   - "promote over another" fits the context
   - "prefer" is a direct synonym that matches the meaning

2. sense_key=favor%2:31:00:: | definition=consider as the favorite | synonyms=favour | examples=The local team was favored
   - This is about considering something as the favorite
   - "The local team was favored" suggests this is about betting/sports predictions
   - Could apply, but seems more specific to sports/predictions

3. sense_key=favor%2:41:01:: | definition=treat gently or carefully | synonyms=favour
   - This doesn't fit - "treat gently or carefully" doesn't match the context about voting preferences

4. sense_key=favor%2:41:03:: | definition=bestow a privilege upon | synonyms=privilege, favour
   - This doesn't fit either - we're not talking about bestowing a privilege

The best fit is sense 1: "promote over another" with the synonym "prefer". The context clearly shows voters prefer (favor) Republicans in presidential elections more than in congressional elections.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: republican
Target surface form: Republicans
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor <t>Republicans</t> more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=republican%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the Republican Party
2. sense_key=republican%1:18:00:: | definition=an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. sense_key=republican%1:17:00:: | definition=a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas | synonyms=Republican River

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to the Republican Party, as evidenced by the discussion of congressional and presidential elections, the explicit mention of "GOP" in the passage, and the comparison of voting patterns between the two major parties. "Republicans" here means members of the Republican Party, not philosophical advocates of republicanism or the geographic reference.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense for "Republicans" in this sentence.

The sentence is: "As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

This is clearly referring to the Republican Party (the political party). The context is about:
1. Congressional elections vs. presidential elections
2. The GOP (Grand Old Party, another name for the Republican Party)
3. Political ticket splitting
4. Voter preferences between presidential and congressional races

The three candidate senses are:
1. A member of the Republican Party
2. An advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)
3. A tributary of the Kansas River (Republican River)

Sense 3 is clearly not relevant as it's a geographic/river reference.

Sense 2 refers to someone who advocates for a republic as a form of government (philosophical/historical usage, often opposing monarchy).

Sense 1 refers to a member of the Republican Party, which is the modern political party in the United States.

In this context, "Republicans" refers to members/supporters of the Republican Party. The entire passage discusses congressional and presidential elections in the context of the GOP (Republican Party). The usage is clearly about the contemporary political party, not the historical/philosophical concept of republicans as advocates of republics.

The answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: race
Target surface form: races
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in <t>races</t> for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=race%1:11:01:: | definition=any competition | examples=the race for the presidency
2. sense_key=race%1:11:00:: | definition=a contest of speed | examples=the race is to the swift
3. sense_key=race%1:14:00:: | definition=people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock | examples=some biologists doubt that there are important genetic differences between races of human beings
4. sense_key=race%1:14:01:: | definition=(biology) a taxonomic group that is a division of a species; usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species | synonyms=subspecies
5. sense_key=race%1:19:00:: | definition=the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller | synonyms=slipstream, airstream, backwash, wash
6. sense_key=race%1:06:00:: | definition=a canal for a current of water | synonyms=raceway

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "races" in this passage.

The relevant sentence is: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress."

This is clearly referring to electoral contests or competitions. The phrase "races for president" means competitions/elections for the presidency, and "races for Congress" means competitions/elections for Congress.

Looking at the candidate senses:
1. "any competition" with example "the race for the presidency" - This directly matches the usage
2. "a contest of speed" - This is too narrow and specific
3. "people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock" - Not relevant in this context
4. "a taxonomic group that is a division of a species" - Not relevant
5. "the flow of air that is driven backwards by an aircraft propeller" - Not relevant
6. "a canal for a current of water" - Not relevant

Sense 1 is clearly the best fit. It defines "race" as "any competition" with the example "the race for the presidency" which is exactly parallel to how it's used in the passage about "races for president."

So the answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: president
Target surface form: president
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for <t>president</t> than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=president%1:18:01:: | definition=an executive officer of a firm or corporation
2. sense_key=president%1:18:04:: | definition=the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government | synonyms=President of the United States, United States President, Chief Executive | examples=the President likes to jog every morning
3. sense_key=president%1:18:00:: | definition=the chief executive of a republic
4. sense_key=president%1:18:03:: | definition=the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization | synonyms=chairman, chairwoman, chair, chairperson | examples=address your remarks to the chairperson
5. sense_key=president%1:18:02:: | definition=the head administrative officer of a college or university | synonyms=prexy
6. sense_key=president%1:04:04:: | definition=the office of the United States head of state | synonyms=President of the United States, Chief Executive | examples=a President is elected every four years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context discusses "races for president" and "popular vote for president" in the context of U.S. federal elections. The passage is clearly referring to the U.S. presidential office and the voting patterns in presidential elections. Sense 2 is the most appropriate—it specifically refers to "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government," which is the standard meaning when discussing American presidential elections and voting patterns.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "president" is being used.

The context is discussing political voting patterns and mentions "races for president" and "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats."

The passage is clearly talking about:
1. Presidential elections at the national/federal level
2. Votes for the position of president of the United States
3. The office of U.S. president

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. An executive officer of a firm or corporation - NOT relevant
2. The person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government - This could fit, as it's about the U.S. President
3. The chief executive of a republic - This is general, could apply to any republic's president
4. The officer who presides at meetings of an organization - NOT relevant (like a board chairman)
5. The head administrative officer of a college or university - NOT relevant
6. The office of the United States head of state - This refers to the office itself, not the person

In the context "races for president" and "popular vote for president", the word refers to the position/office of U.S. President that people vote for in elections.

The most specific match would be sense 2: "the person who holds the office of head of state of the United States government" OR sense 6: "the office of the United States head of state"

Actually, looking more carefully, "races for president" and "popular vote for president" - this is talking about voting FOR the office of president. It could be sense 6 (the office), but in American political discourse, when we say "running for president" or "vote for president," we're typically referring to the position/office, but in this context, it seems more about the office itself.

However, sense 2 is about "the person who holds the office" while sense 6 is about "the office." In "races for president" and "popular vote for president," we're technically referring to the race for the office, not the person yet.
In political discourse, "voting for president" naturally refers to voting for a person to fill that office, making sense 2 the most fitting interpretation. This captures how the phrase is actually used when discussing elections and electoral outcomes.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every <t>presidential</t> election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "presidential" in "presidential election" is relating to the presidency (the type of election where a president is chosen), which corresponds to sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency." This is similar to the example "presidential aides" - both describe things that are connected to or pertain to the presidency. Sense 2 (befitting a president) would be used in evaluative contexts like "looking presidential," which does not apply here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "presidential" appears in the sentence:

"In every <t>presidential</t> election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

The target word "presidential" is modifying "election". Let me look at the two senses:

1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto

2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

In the context "presidential election," the word is being used to describe a type of election - specifically, an election related to electing a president. This is describing a relationship to the presidency, not making a judgment about whether something is befitting a president.

The first sense "relating to a president or presidency" with examples like "presidential aides" and "presidential veto" fits perfectly. A presidential election is an election related to the presidency, just as presidential aides are aides related to the presidency.

The second sense "befitting a president" with the example "criticized the candidate for not looking presidential" is about whether something meets the standards or appearance of a president - it's more about judgment or appearance, which doesn't apply here.

So the best sense is sense 1 (presidential%3:01:00::).


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: election
Target surface form: election
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential <t>election</t> over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context is discussing presidential elections as political contests where voters select candidates for office. The passage analyzes voting patterns, popular vote percentages, and congressional district choices across multiple presidential elections. This aligns with sense 1, which defines election as "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "election" is being used.

The sentence reads: "In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

The context is discussing:
- Presidential elections
- How voters choose between candidates
- Different voting patterns across elections
- Results/outcomes of elections

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=election%1:04:01:: | definition=a vote to select the winner of a position or political office | examples=the results of the election will be announced tonight
   - This fits perfectly. The text is discussing presidential elections as votes/contests to select a president.

2. sense_key=election%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice | examples=her election of medicine as a profession
   - This is more about choosing/selecting in general, like choosing a profession. The example "her election of medicine as a profession" shows it's about the act of choosing something general, not specifically a political vote.

3. sense_key=election%1:26:00:: | definition=the status or fact of being elected | examples=they celebrated his election
   - This is about the status of being elected, the outcome. The context is not about celebrating someone's election to office.

4. sense_key=election%1:09:00:: | definition=the predestination of some individuals as objects of divine mercy (especially as conceived by Calvinists)
   - This is clearly not relevant to the political context.

The best fit is sense 1 (index 1), which defines election as "a vote to select the winner of a position or political office" - this directly applies to the presidential election being discussed in the political context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: past
Target surface form: past
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the <t>past</t> half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=past%3:00:00:: | definition=earlier than the present time; no longer current | examples=time past; his youth is past
2. sense_key=past%5:00:00:outgoing:00 | definition=of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office | synonyms=preceding, retiring | examples=a retiring member of the board

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
The target word is "past" and I need to determine which sense is being used in the context:

"In every presidential election over the <t>past</t> half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy..."

Let me analyze the two candidate senses:

1. "past%3:00:00::" - adjective/adverbial meaning "earlier than the present time; no longer current" with examples like "time past; his youth is past"

2. "past%5:00:00:outgoing:00" - adjective meaning "of a person who has held and relinquished a position or office" with synonyms "preceding, retiring" and examples "a retiring member of the board"

In the context, "the past half century" refers to the preceding or previous half century - the time period that has already elapsed or is no longer current. This is clearly referring to a time period that is before the present moment.

The second sense is about a person who has held and relinquished a position - like a "retiring member of the board" or a "past president" of an organization. This doesn't fit the context at all.

The first sense fits perfectly - "past" here means "earlier than the present time; no longer current" - the past half century means the half century that is no longer current, the time that has already gone by.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: presidential
Target surface form: presidential
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater <t>presidential</t> candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=presidential%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to a president or presidency | examples=presidential aides; presidential veto
2. sense_key=presidential%3:00:00:: | definition=befitting a president | examples=criticized the candidate for not looking presidential

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "presidential" in "the Goldwater presidential candidacy" is used to describe a candidacy *relating to* the presidency (i.e., a candidacy for president). This is sense 1, "relating to a president or presidency," similar to how "presidential aides" relates to a president and "presidential veto" relates to presidential authority. Sense 2, "befitting a president," refers to suitability or appropriateness of demeanor, which is not the intended meaning here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the target word "presidential" in the phrase "the Goldwater presidential candidacy."

Looking at the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" with examples "presidential aides; presidential veto"
   - This means having a relationship to or connection with a president or presidency
   - "Presidential candidacy" would mean a candidacy related to the presidency

2. Sense 2: "befitting a president" with examples "criticized the candidate for not looking presidential"
   - This means appropriate for or suitable for a president
   - This is more about demeanor, appearance, or comportment

In the context "the Goldwater presidential candidacy," the word "presidential" is clearly being used to describe a candidacy that is related to or pertaining to the presidency - i.e., a candidacy for president. This is not about whether the candidacy "befits" or is "appropriate for" a president; it's simply identifying what kind of candidacy it is.

This is more aligned with Sense 1: "relating to a president or presidency" - it's describing the nature or type of candidacy in relation to the presidency.

The answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: percentage
Target surface form: percentage
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "percentage" in this sentence:

"In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater <t>percentage</t> of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

The sentence is talking about the GOP capturing a greater "percentage" of the popular vote. A percentage is a proportion expressed as a number out of 100. This is clearly referring to "a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred)".

Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=percentage%1:24:00:: | definition=a proportion in relation to a whole (which is usually the amount per hundred) | synonyms=percent, per centum, pct
   - This refers to a numerical proportion or rate expressed as a fraction of 100

2. sense_key=percentage%1:21:00:: | definition=assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group | synonyms=share, portion, part | examples=he wanted his share in cash
   - This refers to someone's share or portion of something, like a financial interest

In the context, the GOP captured a "percentage" of the popular vote. This is clearly a mathematical proportion, not a financial share or personal interest. The synonyms "percent, per centum, pct" make it clear this is sense 1.

The answer is sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: major
Target surface form: major
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the <t>major</t> - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=major%3:00:06:: | definition=of greater importance or stature or rank | examples=a major artist; a major role
2. sense_key=major%3:00:02:: | definition=greater in scope or effect | examples=a major contribution; a major improvement
3. sense_key=major%3:00:01:: | definition=greater in number or size or amount | examples=a major portion (a majority) of the population; Ursa Major
4. sense_key=major%3:00:05:: | definition=of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes | examples=his major field was mathematics
5. sense_key=major%3:00:04:: | definition=of a scale or mode | examples=major scales; the key of D major
6. sense_key=major%3:00:07:: | definition=of greater seriousness or danger | examples=a major earthquake; a major hurricane
7. sense_key=major%3:00:03:: | definition=of full legal age
8. sense_key=major%5:00:00:senior:00 | definition=of the elder of two boys with the same family name | examples=Jones major

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "major-party popular vote" refers to the two largest and most significant political parties (Democrats and Republicans). In this context, "major" describes parties of greater importance, stature, and rank within the political system, which aligns with sense 1: "of greater importance or stature or rank."

reasoning_content:
The target word is "major" in the phrase "major - party popular vote for president."

Let me analyze the context:
- The sentence discusses voting patterns and preferences for Republicans vs. Democrats
- "major-party" is describing "popular vote"
- It's contrasting two main political parties (Republican and Democratic)
- "major-party popular vote" refers to the popular vote for the two major political parties

Looking at the senses:
1. "of greater importance or stature or rank" - could apply, as major parties are the important ones
2. "greater in scope or effect" - could apply
3. "greater in number or size or amount" - this could fit well, as major parties represent the greater portion
4. "of the field of academic study in which one concentrates or specializes" - doesn't fit
5. "of a scale or mode" - doesn't fit
6. "of greater seriousness or danger" - doesn't fit
7. "of full legal age" - doesn't fit
8. "of the elder of two boys with the same family name" - doesn't fit

When we say "major party," we're referring to the two largest/most significant political parties. The sense that best captures this is "greater in number or size or amount" (sense 3), as the major parties are the ones with greater support and size.

However, sense 1 "of greater importance or stature or rank" also fits well, as major parties are those of greater importance and rank.

In political terminology, "major parties" typically means the largest and most significant parties. This is closer to sense 1 (of greater importance or stature or rank) or sense 3 (greater in number or size or amount).

Actually, thinking about it more carefully, "major" in "major party" typically means the two largest parties by membership and electoral significance. This most closely aligns with sense 1 "of greater importance or stature or rank" as these are the parties of greater importance and stature in the political system.
Sense 1 is the best fit here. The major parties are distinguished by their prominence and standing within the political system, not merely by their numerical size.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: party
Target surface form: party
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - <t>party</t> popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=party%1:14:01:: | definition=an organization to gain political power | synonyms=political party | examples=in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party at the national level
2. sense_key=party%1:14:00:: | definition=a group of people gathered together for pleasure | examples=she joined the party after dinner
3. sense_key=party%1:14:02:: | definition=a band of people associated temporarily in some activity | synonyms=company | examples=they organized a party to search for food; the company of cooks walked into the kitchen
4. sense_key=party%1:11:00:: | definition=an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment | examples=he planned a party to celebrate Bastille Day
5. sense_key=party%1:18:00:: | definition=a person involved in legal proceedings | examples=the party of the first part

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly discusses political voting patterns, mentioning the GOP, Democratic candidates, and referring to "the major-party popular vote." The word "party" here refers to a political organization that competes in elections, which matches the definition "an organization to gain political power" with the synonym "political party."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "party" in this passage.

The passage is discussing political voting patterns and specifically mentions:
- "GOP congressional hopeful"
- "Democratic presidential candidate"
- "choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House"
- "voters tend to favor Republicans more"
- "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote"
- "the pattern was nearly the opposite"

This is clearly a discussion about political parties and voting patterns. The phrase "major-party popular vote" is describing the Republican and Democratic parties as entities that compete in elections.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "an organization to gain political power" - political party - This is clearly about political organizations. The example mentions "in 1992 Perot tried to organize a third party" which is exactly what we're talking about.

2. "a group of people gathered together for pleasure" - This is about social gatherings, not relevant here.

3. "a band of people associated temporarily in some activity" - This is about temporary groups, not political parties.

4. "an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment" - This is about a social event, not relevant.

5. "a person involved in legal proceedings" - This is a legal term, not relevant.

The context is clearly about political parties (the GOP, Democrats, Republicans). The phrase "the major-party popular vote" refers to the voting support for the two major political parties.

The best match is sense 1: "an organization to gain political power" with the definition of "political party."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: popular
Target surface form: popular
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party <t>popular</t> vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=popular%3:00:00:: | definition=regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public | examples=a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl
2. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:democratic:00 | definition=carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large | examples=the popular vote; popular representation
3. sense_key=popular%5:00:01:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=democratic | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement
4. sense_key=popular%5:00:00:nonclassical:00 | definition=(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people) | synonyms=pop

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The phrase "popular vote" in this political context refers to votes cast by the general citizenry at large, as contrasted with Electoral College votes or congressional seat distribution. This directly corresponds to sense 2, which defines "popular" as "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large" with "the popular vote" explicitly given as an example.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "popular" in this passage.

The phrase in context is: "the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress"

Let me examine each sense:

1. "regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public" - This is about something being liked or favored by the public. Examples: "a popular tourist attraction; a popular girl"

2. "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large" - This is about something being done by or for the people. Example: "the popular vote; popular representation"

3. "representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large" - This is about representing or appealing to the general people. Synonyms: democratic. Examples: "democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement"

4. "(of music or art) new and of general appeal (especially among young people)" - This is about pop music/art and is not relevant here.

In the context, "popular vote" refers to the actual vote count cast by the entire voting population, as opposed to Electoral College votes or congressional seats. This is the standard political terminology.

The phrase "popular vote" is a technical term in politics meaning the total number of votes cast in an election by the voting public, regardless of representation or constituency boundaries.

Sense 2 directly states "carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large" with the example "the popular vote" - this is an exact match.

Sense 3 could also potentially apply with the synonym "democratic" but sense 2 is more precise as it directly mentions "the popular vote" as an example.

The answer should be sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vote
Target surface form: vote
Context:
Tuesday's rout of a GOP congressional hopeful in a Mississippi district that hasn't backed a Democratic presidential candidate since Adlai Stevenson is another reminder that, at least at the federal level, political "ticket splitting "has been on the rise over the past half century. In only one presidential election year prior to 1948 did more than 20% of the nation's congressional districts choose a different party's candidate for the White House than for the House of Representatives. Now that percentage routinely equals a third and twice has been above 40%. As we know, voters tend to favor Republicans more in races for president than in those for Congress. In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: | definition=a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative | synonyms=ballot, voting, balloting | examples=there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion; they allowed just one vote per person
2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: | definition=the opinion of a group as determined by voting | examples=they put the question to a vote
3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: | definition=a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment | synonyms=right to vote, suffrage | examples=American women got the vote in 1920
4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: | definition=a body of voters who have the same interests | examples=he failed to get the Black vote
5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: | definition=the total number of voters who participated | synonyms=voter turnout | examples=they are expecting a large vote

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 1}

The phrase "popular vote for president" refers to the aggregated count of individual voting choices made by voters. The text discusses how the GOP "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote," which describes the total votes received based on counting individual choices. This matches sense 1: "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "vote" is being used.

The sentence in question is:
"In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular <t>vote</t> for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress."

Let me look at each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=vote%1:04:00:: - "a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative" - examples: "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"
   This refers to individual votes (like ballot cast).

2. sense_key=vote%1:04:01:: - "the opinion of a group as determined by voting" - examples: "they put the question to a vote"
   This refers to a collective opinion/decision through voting process.

3. sense_key=vote%1:07:00:: - "a legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment" - examples: "American women got the vote in 1920"
   This refers to voting rights/suffrage.

4. sense_key=vote%1:14:00:: - "a body of voters who have the same interests" - examples: "he failed to get the Black vote"
   This refers to a group of voters.

5. sense_key=vote%1:09:00:: - "the total number of voters who participated" - examples: "they are expecting a large vote"
   This refers to voter turnout/total participation.

In the context, "popular vote for president" refers to the total aggregate of votes cast by the population. The phrase "captured a greater percentage of the major-party popular vote" is talking about the total count of votes received.

This seems to best match sense 1 - the individual choices/ballots that when counted give a total. The "popular vote" is the aggregate of individual votes cast by citizens.
The phrase "popular vote" specifically denotes the cumulative tally of votes received by candidates, rather than just voter participation rates. Sense 1 captures this meaning—the aggregated counting of individual voting choices to determine which party secured more votes in the presidential race.