[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: evensong
Target surface form: evensong
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to <t>evensong</t>. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=evensong%1:28:00:: | definition=the sixth of the seven canonical hours of the divine office; early evening; now often made a public service on Sundays | synonyms=vespers
2. sense_key=evensong%1:10:00:: | definition=(Anglican Church) a daily evening service with prayers prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer | synonyms=Evening Prayer

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes an English Anglican church (St. Michael and All Angels) with parishioners gathering for an evening service. The reference to the Anglican Church setting and the public service attended by parishioners aligns specifically with sense 2, which defines evensong as "(Anglican Church) a daily evening service with prayers prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer." This is more precise than sense 1 (the canonical liturgical hours/vespers), which is a broader religious usage not specific to the Anglican tradition.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "evensong" is being used.

Context clues:
1. "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door" - This mentions an Anglican/English church setting
2. "calling the faithful to evensong" - It's a service that people are called to attend
3. The reference to Dorothy L. Sayers and "The Nine Tailors" which is set in England
4. The location is ASLACTON, England
5. It mentions it as a public service on Sundays in the first sense

Let me examine both senses:

Sense 1: "the sixth of the seven canonical hours of the divine office; early evening; now often made a public service on Sundays" - synonyms: vespers
This is the more traditional/liturgical usage, referring to one of the canonical hours in Christian liturgy.

Sense 2: "(Anglican Church) a daily evening service with prayers prescribed in the Book of Common Prayer" - synonyms: Evening Prayer
This is specifically the Anglican Church version of an evening service.

The context mentions:
- An English church (St. Michael and All Angels is a typical English Anglican church name)
- A public service with parishioners gathering
- The setting is rural England

Both senses are relevant to this context, but sense 2 seems more specific. The mention of "St. Michael and All Angels" and the pastoral English setting suggest this is an Anglican context. The phrase "calling the faithful to evensong" as a public service fits both, but the Anglican Church reference in sense 2 is more specific to the English context.

However, looking at the definition of sense 1 again - "now often made a public service on Sundays" - this also fits the context well.

Given the specifically Anglican context (English church, parishioners gathering), sense 2 (Anglican Church) seems more precise and contextually appropriate.

Actually, I should reconsider.

Sense 1 is the broader liturgical concept while sense 2 specifically denotes the Anglican tradition. The English parish setting and the explicit Anglican church name point clearly toward sense 2 as the intended meaning.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: stop
Target surface form: stop
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels <t>stop</t> to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=stop%2:38:00:: | definition=come to a halt, stop moving | synonyms=halt | examples=the car stopped; She stopped in front of a store window
2. sense_key=stop%2:42:00:: | definition=put an end to a state or an activity | synonyms=discontinue, cease, give up, quit, lay off | examples=Quit teasing your little brother
3. sense_key=stop%2:41:00:: | definition=stop from happening or developing | synonyms=halt, block, kibosh | examples=Block his election; Halt the process
4. sense_key=stop%2:38:02:: | definition=interrupt a trip | synonyms=stop over | examples=we stopped at Aunt Mary's house; they stopped for three days in Florence
5. sense_key=stop%2:38:01:: | definition=cause to stop | examples=stop a car; stop the thief
6. sense_key=stop%2:30:05:: | definition=prevent completion | synonyms=break, break off, discontinue | examples=stop the project; break off the negotiations
7. sense_key=stop%2:33:00:: | definition=hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of | synonyms=check, turn back, arrest, contain, hold back | examples=Arrest the downward trend; Check the growth of communism in South East Asia
8. sense_key=stop%2:35:00:: | definition=seize on its way | synonyms=intercept | examples=The fighter plane was ordered to intercept an aircraft that had entered the country's airspace
9. sense_key=stop%2:42:13:: | definition=have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical | synonyms=end, finish, terminate, cease | examples=the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed; Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other
10. sense_key=stop%2:35:12:: | definition=render unsuitable for passage | synonyms=barricade, block, blockade, block off, block up, bar | examples=block the way; barricade the streets
11. sense_key=stop%2:30:12:: | definition=stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions or developments | synonyms=hold on | examples=Hold on a moment!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The parishioners "stop to chat at the church door" indicates they come to a halt or cease moving in order to have a conversation. This is the basic physical sense of stopping moving, which matches sense 1: "come to a halt, stop moving."

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully. The sentence is: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have."

Looking at the context:
- The parishioners "stop to chat at the church door"
- This is a regular, habitual action ("as members here always have")
- They are stopping their movement to engage in conversation

Let me go through the candidate senses:

1. "come to a halt, stop moving" - This could fit. They stop (halt their movement) to chat.
2. "put an end to a state or an activity" - Less likely, they're not really putting an end to something.
3. "stop from happening or developing" - No, this is about preventing something.
4. "interrupt a trip" - This means to stop during a journey and stay somewhere. Not quite right.
5. "cause to stop" - This is transitive, requires an object. The parishioners stop themselves (reflexive).
6. "prevent completion" - No.
7. "hold back, as of a danger or an enemy" - No.
8. "seize on its way" - No.
9. "have an end" - No, not about the parishioners having an end.
10. "render unsuitable for passage" - No.
11. "stop and wait, as if awaiting further instructions" - No.

The most straightforward interpretation is sense 1: "come to a halt, stop moving" - the parishioners halt their movement to chat. This is the basic physical sense of stopping.

Alternatively, sense 4 "interrupt a trip" could apply if we think of them stopping during their journey to/from the church, but that's less directly supported.

I believe sense 1 is the best fit: the parishioners stop (come to a halt) to chat at the church door.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: church
Target surface form: church
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the <t>church</t> door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: | definition=one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship | synonyms=Christian church
2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: | definition=a place for public (especially Christian) worship | synonyms=church building | examples=the church was empty
3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: | definition=a service conducted in a house of worship | synonyms=church service | examples=don't be late for church
4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: | definition=the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church | examples=our church is hosting a picnic next week

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes parishioners stopping to chat "at the church door," which clearly refers to the physical building/place of worship. The phrase "an ancient stone church stands amid the fields" further reinforces that "church" is being used to denote a physical structure for worship, not a service, denomination, or congregation.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully. The sentence is: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have."

The phrase "at the church door" is clearly referring to a physical location where parishioners gather. Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=church%1:14:00:: - "one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship" - This is about a denomination or sect. "at the church door" doesn't fit this meaning.

2. sense_key=church%1:06:00:: - "a place for public (especially Christian) worship" - This refers to a physical building/place. The example "the church was empty" suggests a physical location. "at the church door" fits perfectly here - it's referring to the physical location/building.

3. sense_key=church%1:04:00:: - "a service conducted in a house of worship" - This is about a service/ceremony. "at the church door" doesn't refer to a service.

4. sense_key=church%1:14:01:: - "the body of people who attend or belong to a particular local church" - This is about a congregation. While parishioners belong to a church, "at the church door" seems more about the physical place rather than the body of people.

The context clearly shows "church" being used to refer to a physical building where people gather - "at the church door." This is sense 2: a place for public (especially Christian) worship.

The answer should be sense index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: door
Target surface form: door
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church <t>door</t>, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=door%1:06:00:: | definition=a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle | examples=he knocked on the door; he slammed the door as he left
2. sense_key=door%1:06:01:: | definition=the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close | synonyms=doorway, room access, threshold | examples=he stuck his head in the doorway
3. sense_key=door%1:07:00:: | definition=anything providing a means of access (or escape) | examples=we closed the door to Haitian immigrants; education is the door to success
4. sense_key=door%1:06:04:: | definition=a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road) | examples=the office next door; they live two doors up the street from us
5. sense_key=door%1:06:03:: | definition=a room that is entered via a door | examples=his office is the third door down the hall on the left

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The phrase "stop to chat at the church door" refers to the entrance area—the space in the wall through which one enters or leaves the church building. The parishioners are gathering at this entrance space/opening to chat, which aligns with the definition of the entrance (doorway) rather than the physical barrier itself (sense 1) or other figurative uses.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "door" is being used.

The context: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have."

Let me consider each sense:

1. sense_key=door%1:06:00:: - "a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle" - This refers to the physical object that swings or slides.

2. sense_key=door%1:06:01:: - "the entrance (the space in a wall) through which you enter or leave a room or building; the space that a door can close" - This refers to the opening/entrance itself (doorway), not the physical barrier.

3. sense_key=door%1:07:00:: - "anything providing a means of access (or escape)" - This is a metaphorical/abstract use (like "education is the door to success").

4. sense_key=door%1:06:04:: - "a structure where people live or work (usually ordered along a street or road)" - This refers to buildings or locations (like "they live two doors up the street").

5. sense_key=door%1:06:03:: - "a room that is entered via a door" - This refers to rooms you pass through (like "third door down the hall").

In the context "stop to chat at the church door," the parishioners are standing at the entrance to the church. The phrase "at the church door" suggests they're at the opening/entrance area where people meet.

This could be either:
- Sense 1: the physical door as a barrier
- Sense 2: the entrance/doorway as a space

Given the context of "stop to chat at the church door," it seems like they're gathering at the entrance space/area. The phrase "at the door" typically refers to the entrance area where people gather, which aligns more with sense 2 (the entrance space/doorway) rather than the physical barrier itself.
Reconsidering the phrasing, "at the church door" most naturally describes the entrance area where people congregate. While this could reference either the physical barrier or the opening itself, sense 2 better captures the spatial gathering place implied by the context—the entrance space rather than the door object.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: member
Target surface form: members
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as <t>members</t> here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=member%1:18:00:: | definition=one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization) | synonyms=fellow member | examples=only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty
2. sense_key=member%1:24:00:: | definition=anything that belongs to a set or class | examples=snakes are members of the class Reptilia; members of the opposite sex
3. sense_key=member%1:08:00:: | definition=an external body part that projects from the body | synonyms=extremity, appendage | examples=it is important to keep the extremities warm
4. sense_key=member%1:14:00:: | definition=an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations) | examples=the library was a member of the interlibrary loan association; Canada is a member of the United Nations
5. sense_key=member%1:08:01:: | definition=the male organ of copulation (`member' is a euphemism) | synonyms=penis, phallus

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context refers to parishioners of the church who are part of the parish community. "Members here always have" means the individual people who participate in and belong to this church organization, fitting sense 1: "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "members" is being used.

The context: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have."

This is talking about parishioners - members of the church community. The passage is describing people who are part of the parish, who participate in church activities like attending evensong and being involved in bell-ringing.

Let me check each sense:

1. "one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)" - This fits perfectly. The parishioners are members of the church/parish community. The examples given are "only members will be admitted; a member of the faculty" which are similar contexts.

2. "anything that belongs to a set or class" - This is more abstract/general and doesn't fit the human context here.

3. "an external body part that projects from the body" - This is clearly not what's meant. These are people, not body parts.

4. "an organization that is a member of another organization" - This doesn't fit because we're talking about individual people, not organizations.

5. "the male organ of copulation" - Obviously not relevant here.

Sense 1 is the clear choice. The "members" refers to individual parishioners who are part of the church community/organization.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members <t>here</t> always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "here" in the phrase "as members here always have" refers to the physical location being described—the church and its surrounding area. The context establishes that parishioners have historically gathered and chatted at the church door in this specific place. This matches sense 1's definition of "in or at this place," which is the locative use of "here" indicating the spatial location where an action occurs.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of the word "here" in this passage.

The sentence in question is: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members <t>here</t> always have."

Let me look at the context carefully. The passage is describing the parishioners stopping to chat at the church door. The phrase "as members here always have" seems to be referring to members [of the church community] at this place [the church].

Now let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
   - This means "in or at this place"

2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
   - This is about circumstances or points being made

3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
   - This is about movement toward a place

4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon
   - This is about time

In the context "as members here always have," the word "here" is being used to mean "in this place" or "at this location" - specifically at the church. The parishioners have always stopped to chat at the church door. So "here" = "in or at this place."

This clearly matches sense 1: "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is"

The answer should be {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: always
Target surface form: always
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here <t>always</t> have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=always%4:02:00:: | definition=at all times; all the time and on every occasion | synonyms=ever, e'er | examples=I will always be there to help you; always arrives on time
2. sense_key=always%4:02:04:: | definition=without variation or change, in every case | synonyms=constantly, invariably | examples=constantly kind and gracious; he always arrives on time
3. sense_key=always%4:02:03:: | definition=without interruption | synonyms=constantly, forever, perpetually, incessantly | examples=the world is constantly changing
4. sense_key=always%4:02:02:: | definition=at any time or in any event | examples=you can always resign if you don't like it; you could always take a day off
5. sense_key=always%4:02:01:: | definition=forever; throughout all time | examples=we will always be friends; I shall treasure it always

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context "as members here always have" describes a consistent practice that has been maintained over time at the church. The phrase refers to members repeatedly engaging in the same behavior (stopping to chat at the church door) at every occasion throughout history. This best matches sense 1: "at all times; all the time and on every occasion," which emphasizes consistent, repeated behavior.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "always" best fits.

The sentence is: "The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have."

This sentence is talking about a historical pattern - members have been stopping to chat at the church door in the past and continue to do so. The word "always" here refers to the fact that this has been the case throughout time, continuously across the history of this church.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. "at all times; all the time and on every occasion" - This is a general sense meaning repeatedly at every opportunity.

2. "without variation or change, in every case" - This suggests consistency and invariability.

3. "without interruption" - This suggests constant, uninterrupted continuation.

4. "at any time or in any event" - This is about possibility or alternatives (like "you could always try").

5. "forever; throughout all time" - This suggests eternal duration or permanence.

In the context "as members here always have," it's referring to a historical continuity - that members have consistently done this activity throughout the history of the church (which is ancient and has been standing for centuries). This suggests a sense of ongoing, continuous behavior over time.

Sense 5 "forever; throughout all time" seems like the best fit because it emphasizes the permanence and continuity of this practice through time. The phrase "as members here always have" implies that this is something that has always been done (historically, for a long time).

Actually, let me reconsider. Sense 1 "at all times; all the time and on every occasion" is about consistent repetition. The phrase "as members here always have" could mean they have done this consistently at every occasion.

Looking at sense 2 "without variation or change, in every case" - this talks about consistency.
Sense 3 emphasizes perpetual, unbroken activity, while sense 5 captures the historical permanence of the practice. But sense 1 is the most straightforward interpretation—parishioners have consistently engaged in this behavior as a regular practice, making it the most fitting choice.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: tower
Target surface form: tower
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the <t>tower</t>, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: | definition=a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building
2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: | definition=anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon
3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: | definition=a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 1}

The context describes a church tower housing bells where parishioners ring them in the tradition of change-ringing. The tower is explicitly the physical structure of the church ("attached to a larger building") where five men and women pull ropes to ring the bells. This matches sense 1, which defines tower as "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "tower" in this sentence.

The sentence states: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

The context makes it clear that:
1. This is about a church (St. Michael and All Angels)
2. The tower has bells in it
3. People are pulling ropes to ring bells
4. This is about change-ringing, which is an English tradition

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=tower%1:06:00:: - "a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building" - This is the basic definition of a tower. In the context of a church, this would refer to the bell tower or church tower where bells are housed.

2. sense_key=tower%1:25:00:: - "anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower | synonyms=column, pillar | examples=the test tube held a column of white powder; a tower of dust rose above the horizon" - This is about something that has a tower-like shape, used metaphorically or descriptively for dust, powder, etc.

3. sense_key=tower%1:06:01:: - "a powerful small boat designed to pull or push larger ships | synonyms=tugboat, tug, towboat" - This is clearly about boats and has nothing to do with the context.

Given the context about a church, bells, and bell-ringing, sense 1 is clearly the correct answer. The tower referred to is the physical structure on the church building where the bells are housed and where the bell-ringers work.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: man
Target surface form: men
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five <t>men</t> and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=man%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman) | synonyms=adult male | examples=there were two women and six men on the bus
2. sense_key=man%1:18:03:: | definition=someone who serves in the armed forces; a member of a military force | synonyms=serviceman, military man, military personnel | examples=two men stood sentry duty
3. sense_key=man%1:18:04:: | definition=the generic use of the word to refer to any human being | examples=it was every man for himself
4. sense_key=man%1:05:01:: | definition=any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage | synonyms=homo, human being, human
5. sense_key=man%1:18:08:: | definition=a male subordinate | examples=the chief stationed two men outside the building; he awaited word from his man in Havana
6. sense_key=man%1:18:06:: | definition=an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent) | examples=the army will make a man of you
7. sense_key=man%1:18:05:: | definition=a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer | synonyms=valet, valet de chambre, gentleman, gentleman's gentleman | examples=Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man
8. sense_key=man%1:18:07:: | definition=a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life of a particular woman | examples=she takes good care of her man
9. sense_key=man%1:15:00:: | definition=one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea | synonyms=Isle of Man
10. sense_key=man%1:06:00:: | definition=game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games | synonyms=piece | examples=he taught me to set up the men on the chess board; he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage
11. sense_key=man%1:05:00:: | definition=all of the living human inhabitants of the earth | synonyms=world, human race, humanity, humankind, human beings, humans | examples=all the world loves a lover; she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context explicitly contrasts "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes," clearly indicating a gender distinction between adult males and females performing bell-ringing. This is the straightforward sense of "men" as adult males.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "men":

Context: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

The sentence clearly contrasts "men" with "women", which indicates we're talking about a biological/gender distinction. The five people in the tower are pulling ropes on bells - they are adult persons performing this task.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. "an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)" - This fits perfectly. The context explicitly contrasts "men and women", showing the gender distinction. This is referring to adult males.

2. "someone who serves in the armed forces" - While bell-ringing could be considered work, there's no indication these are military personnel. This doesn't fit.

3. "the generic use of the word to refer to any human being" - This would be used in contexts like "all men are created equal", not when contrasting with women. This doesn't fit.

4. "any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae" - This is too general/scientific. While technically correct, it's not the natural sense in this context.

5. "a male subordinate" - Nothing in the context suggests a hierarchical relationship or that these are subordinates.

6. "an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent)" - The context doesn't emphasize character traits or virility.

7. "a manservant who acts as a personal attendant" - No indication these are servants.

8. "a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend)" - Not applicable to bell-ringers.

9. "one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea" - Not applicable.

10. "game equipment consisting of an object used in playing certain board games" - Not applicable.

11. "all of the living human inhabitants of the earth" - Too broad; the context is specific to these five individuals.
The direct pairing of "men and women" in the sentence makes sense 1 the clear choice—it's simply referring to adult males in contrast with females.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: woman
Target surface form: women
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and <t>women</t> pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=woman%1:18:00:: | definition=an adult female person (as opposed to a man) | synonyms=adult female | examples=the woman kept house while the man hunted
2. sense_key=woman%1:18:01:: | definition=a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man | examples=he was faithful to his woman
3. sense_key=woman%1:18:02:: | definition=a human female employed to do housework | synonyms=charwoman, char, cleaning woman, cleaning lady | examples=the char will clean the carpet; I have a woman who comes in four hours a day while I write
4. sense_key=woman%1:14:00:: | definition=women as a class | synonyms=womanhood, fair sex | examples=it's an insult to American womanhood; woman is the glory of creation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly shows "women" being used in direct contrast with "men" ("five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes"), referring to adult female persons who are participants in the bell-ringing activity. This matches sense 1: "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)." The passage uses "women" and "men" to identify the demographic composition of the bell-ringers, which aligns perfectly with the basic definition of adult female persons in contrast to males.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "women" in this passage.

The sentence reads: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

Here, "women" is being used to refer to adult female persons who are participating in the bell-ringing activity at the church. They are being contrasted with "men" (five men and women), and they are performing the same activity as the men - pulling ropes to ring bells.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense 1: "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)" - This seems very fitting. The context explicitly contrasts "men and women," and refers to them as adult persons performing a physical task. The example "the woman kept house while the man hunted" also shows contrast between male and female persons.

2. sense 2: "a female person who plays a significant role (wife or mistress or girlfriend) in the life of a particular man" - This doesn't fit. The women are not being defined by their relationship to a man, but rather as participants in a bell-ringing activity.

3. sense 3: "a human female employed to do housework" - This doesn't fit. The women are bell-ringers in a church tower, not houseworkers.

4. sense 4: "women as a class" - This is too abstract. The passage is referring to specific individual women performing a task, not women as a general class or category.

The best answer is sense 1, which refers to "an adult female person (as opposed to a man)." This is reinforced by the parallel structure of "five men and women" in the sentence.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pull
Target surface form: pull
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women <t>pull</t> rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pull%2:35:00:: | definition=cause to move by pulling | synonyms=draw, force | examples=draw a wagon; pull a sled
2. sense_key=pull%2:35:02:: | definition=direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes | synonyms=attract, pull in, draw, draw in | examples=Her good looks attract the stares of many men; The ad pulled in many potential customers
3. sense_key=pull%2:38:01:: | definition=move into a certain direction | examples=the car pulls to the right
4. sense_key=pull%2:35:04:: | definition=apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion | examples=Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you
5. sense_key=pull%2:41:00:: | definition=perform an act, usually with a negative connotation | synonyms=perpetrate, commit | examples=perpetrate a crime; pull a bank robbery
6. sense_key=pull%2:38:03:: | definition=bring, take, or pull out of a container or from under a cover | synonyms=draw, pull out, get out, take out | examples=draw a weapon; pull out a gun
7. sense_key=pull%2:38:00:: | definition=steer into a certain direction | examples=pull one's horse to a stand; Pull the car over
8. sense_key=pull%2:29:00:: | definition=strain abnormally | synonyms=overstretch | examples=I pulled a muscle in my leg when I jumped up; The athlete pulled a tendon in the competition
9. sense_key=pull%2:38:13:: | definition=cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force upon, either physically or in an abstract sense | synonyms=draw | examples=A declining dollar pulled down the export figures for the last quarter
10. sense_key=pull%2:38:02:: | definition=operate when rowing a boat | examples=pull the oars
11. sense_key=pull%2:38:04:: | definition=rein in to keep from winning a race | examples=pull a horse
12. sense_key=pull%2:35:01:: | definition=tear or be torn violently | synonyms=rend, rip, rive | examples=The curtain ripped from top to bottom; pull the cooked chicken into strips
13. sense_key=pull%2:35:03:: | definition=hit in the direction that the player is facing when carrying through the swing | examples=pull the ball
14. sense_key=pull%2:35:05:: | definition=strip of feathers | synonyms=pluck, tear, deplume, deplumate, displume | examples=pull a chicken; pluck the capon
15. sense_key=pull%2:35:10:: | definition=remove, usually with some force or effort; also used in an abstract sense | synonyms=extract, pull out, pull up, take out, draw out | examples=pull weeds; extract a bad tooth
16. sense_key=pull%2:33:13:: | definition=take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for | synonyms=root for | examples=We all rooted for the home team; I'm pulling for the underdog
17. sense_key=pull%2:30:11:: | definition=take away | examples=pull the old soup cans from the supermarket shelf

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

The context describes people pulling on ropes attached to bells in bell-ringing. Sense 4 ("apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion") with the example "Pull the rope" is the most appropriate, as the parishioners are physically exerting force on the ropes to ring the bells.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to find the best sense for "pull" in this sentence:

"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

The context is about bell-ringing (change-ringing). The people are pulling on ropes that are attached to bells. This is a physical action where they're exerting force on the ropes to cause the bells to move.

Let me go through the candidate senses:

1. "cause to move by pulling" - draw a wagon; pull a sled - This fits. They're pulling ropes to cause the bells to move.

2. "direct toward itself or oneself by means of psychological power" - about attraction - Doesn't fit.

3. "move into a certain direction" - the car pulls to the right - Doesn't fit the context.

4. "apply force so as to cause motion towards the source of the motion" - Pull the rope; Pull the handle towards you - This also fits well. They're pulling the ropes toward themselves.

5. "perform an act, usually with negative connotation" - pull a bank robbery - Doesn't fit.

6. "bring, take, or pull out of a container" - draw a weapon - Doesn't fit.

7. "steer into a certain direction" - pull one's horse to a stand - Doesn't fit.

8. "strain abnormally" - pulled a muscle - Doesn't fit.

9. "cause to move in a certain direction by exerting a force" - A declining dollar pulled down export figures - This could fit but seems more abstract.

10. "operate when rowing a boat" - pull the oars - This is specific to rowing boats.
11. "rein in to keep from winning" - pull a horse - Doesn't fit.

12. "tear or be torn violently" - The curtain ripped - Doesn't fit.

13. "hit in the direction that the player is facing" - Golf - Doesn't fit.

14. "strip of feathers" - pull a chicken - Doesn't fit.

15. "remove with some force" - pull weeds - Doesn't fit the context.

16. "take sides with" - rooting for - Doesn't fit.

17. "take away" - pull soup cans from shelf - Doesn't fit.

The remaining senses don't apply here. Sense 4 best captures what's happening—the bell-ringers are exerting force on the ropes to draw them toward themselves, which sets the bells in motion.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: rope
Target surface form: ropes
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on <t>ropes</t> attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepan | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly describes physical ropes attached to church bells that people pull to ring them during change-ringing. This matches the definition "a strong line" - a physical object used to operate the bells. The second sense referring to street names for a drug is completely inconsistent with the context.

reasoning_content:
The target word is "ropes" in the context of change-ringing at a church. Let me analyze the context:

"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on <t>ropes</t> attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

This clearly refers to physical ropes that are attached to bells in a church tower. The people pull on these ropes to ring the bells - this is part of the practice of change-ringing.

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=rope%1:06:00:: | definition=a strong line
2. sense_key=rope%1:06:01:: | definition=street names for flunitrazepam | synonyms=R-2, Mexican valium, rophy, roofy, roach, forget me drug

Sense 2 is clearly about the drug flunitrazepam and its street names. This has nothing to do with the context of church bells.

Sense 1 is "a strong line" which perfectly describes the physical ropes that are attached to bells and pulled to ring them.

The correct answer is sense 1, which would be indexed as 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the <t>same</t> five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context identifies the bells as the identical objects from 1614: "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614." The word "same" here expresses identity—referring to those exact, specific bells rather than similar or equivalent bells. This matches sense 1 ("same in identity"), which is parallel to the example "the same man I saw yesterday"—identifying the identical object across time.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "same" is being used.

The sentence is: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

The key question is: what does "same" mean here?

The bells being referred to are the five bells that were installed in 1614. The phrase "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" is identifying which bells - specifically, the very identical bells from 1614, not different bells, not similar bells, but the exact same ones.

Let me check each sense:

1. "same in identity" - "the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice" - This refers to identical objects, the exact same one. This seems to fit because the bells are the literal same bells from 1614.

2. "closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree" - "curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age" - This is about similarity, not identity. The bells here aren't just similar, they ARE the same bells.

3. "equal in amount or value" - "like amounts; equivalent amounts" - This is about equivalence in quantity/value, which doesn't apply here.

4. "unchanged in character or nature" - "the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever" - This is about something remaining unchanged over time.

The context is clear: the text is talking about the actual identical bells that have existed since 1614. The parishioners are pulling the same bells that "first sounded here in 1614" - these are the very same bells from that time period.

Sense 1 (same in identity) is the best fit. The example "the same man I saw yesterday" is exactly parallel to "the same bells that first sounded here in 1614" - it's about the identical object being referred to again.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five <t>bells</t> that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to physical church bells that are struck (via ropes) to produce sound. The passage describes "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells" and mentions "the peal of bells," which are references to the hollow metal devices themselves, not the sound they produce or any other sense of the word.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The target word is "bells" in the context of a church tower in England. The passage describes:
- "the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong"
- "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614"
- "the peal of bells this cool autumn evening"

This is clearly referring to church bells - physical metal objects that are struck to produce sound. The passage mentions that people pull on ropes attached to these bells, which is characteristic of change-ringing (bell-ringing in churches).

Let me consider the candidate senses:

1. "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - This matches perfectly. These are physical metal objects that produce sound when struck/rung.

2. "a push button at an outer door" - Not applicable here.

3. "the sound of a bell being struck" - This is the sound, not the physical objects. The passage refers to the bells themselves, not just the sound.

4. "nautical time signals" - Not applicable.

5. "the shape of a bell" - Not about the physical objects making sound.

6-8. "specific people named Bell" - Not applicable.

9. "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells" - While these could be tuned bells used in change-ringing, the passage is more clearly about the individual bells themselves rather than a structured percussion instrument.

10. "the flared opening of a tubular device" - Not applicable.

The best answer is sense 1: "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - this is the definition of church bells that are attached to ropes and rung together in change-ringing tradition.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: first
Target surface form: first
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that <t>first</t> sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=first%4:02:00:: | definition=before anything else | synonyms=firstly, foremost, first of all, first off | examples=first we must consider the garter snake
2. sense_key=first%4:02:02:: | definition=the initial time | synonyms=for the first time | examples=when Felix first saw a garter snake
3. sense_key=first%4:02:03:: | definition=before another in time, space, or importance | examples=I was here first; let's do this job first
4. sense_key=first%4:02:01:: | definition=prominently forward | synonyms=foremost | examples=he put his best foot foremost

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "first" in the context "the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614" means "for the first time" or "initially." This indicates the initial temporal occurrence of the bells sounding, matching sense 2 with its definition "the initial time" and example "when Felix first saw a garter snake," which has the same syntactic structure (first + verb).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the target word "first" in the sentence:

"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that <t>first</t> sounded here in 1614."

The word "first" here is modifying "sounded" - it refers to when these bells first made sound, which was in 1614. The sentence is saying these are the same five bells that initially/originally sounded here in 1614.

Let me examine each candidate sense:

1. sense_key=first%4:02:00:: | definition=before anything else | synonyms=firstly, foremost, first of all, first off | examples=first we must consider the garter snake
   - This sense is about the order of actions or items, meaning "before anything else"

2. sense_key=first%4:02:02:: | definition=the initial time | synonyms=for the first time | examples=when Felix first saw a garter snake
   - This sense refers to "the initial time" something happened, which matches "when something occurred for the first time"
   - The example "when Felix first saw a garter snake" is very similar to our context

3. sense_key=first%4:02:03:: | definition=before another in time, space, or importance | examples=I was here first; let's do this job first
   - This sense is about being before another in time/space/importance

4. sense_key=first%4:02:01:: | definition=prominently forward | synonyms=foremost | examples=he put his best foot foremost
   - This is about prominence, being at the front

In our context, "first sounded here in 1614" means "initially sounded" or "for the first time sounded." This matches sense 2 very well - the initial time the bells sounded. The example "when Felix first saw a garter snake" is structurally identical to our usage.
Sense 2 is the correct answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: sound
Target surface form: sounded
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=sound%2:39:06:: | definition=appear in a certain way | examples=This sounds interesting
2. sense_key=sound%2:39:00:: | definition=make a certain noise or sound | synonyms=go | examples=She went `Mmmmm'; The gun went `bang'
3. sense_key=sound%2:39:03:: | definition=give off a certain sound or sounds | examples=This record sounds scratchy
4. sense_key=sound%2:39:02:: | definition=announce by means of a sound | examples=sound the alarm
5. sense_key=sound%2:32:00:: | definition=utter with vibrating vocal chords | synonyms=voice, vocalize, vocalise
6. sense_key=sound%2:39:01:: | definition=cause to sound | examples=sound the bell; sound a certain note
7. sense_key=sound%2:30:00:: | definition=measure the depth of (a body of water) with a sounding line | synonyms=fathom

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The sentence describes bells that "first sounded here in 1614" - referring to the bells producing or emitting the sound of ringing. Sense 3 ("give off a certain sound or sounds") best captures this meaning, where the bells themselves are the source emitting the sound, similar to the example "This record sounds scratchy."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully.

The sentence is: "In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614."

The target word is "sounded" - past tense of "sound."

The context is about bells in a church tower that are being rung. The bells "sounded" (made a sound/rang) for the first time in 1614.

Let me look at each sense:

1. "appear in a certain way" - This is about seeming/appearing, like "This sounds interesting" where sound = seem. Not applicable here.

2. "make a certain noise or sound" - synonyms: go. Examples include "She went 'Mmmmm'"; "The gun went 'bang'". This is about producing a sound. Applicable!

3. "give off a certain sound or sounds" - Examples: "This record sounds scratchy". This is about emitting or producing sound. Very applicable!

4. "announce by means of a sound" - Examples: "sound the alarm". This is about signaling/announcing. Somewhat applicable but not the primary meaning.

5. "utter with vibrating vocal chords" - This is specifically about vocal sounds. The bells aren't making vocal sounds.

6. "cause to sound" - Examples: "sound the bell; sound a certain note". This is about making something produce sound, which fits well.

7. "measure the depth of (a body of water)" - Not applicable, this is a different meaning.

The key question is whether we're talking about:
- The bells themselves producing/emitting sound (senses 2, 3)
- Someone causing the bells to sound (sense 6)
- The bells producing sound as an announcement (sense 4)

Looking at the sentence more carefully: "five bells that first <t>sounded</t> here in 1614" - the subject is "bells" and "sounded" describes what the bells did.
Sense 6 typically requires an object (cause to sound = make it sound), but here the bells are the subject acting intransitively. Between senses 2 and 3, sense 3 ("give off a certain sound or sounds") best captures bells naturally emitting sound, rather than just making a generic noise.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: here
Target surface form: here
Context:
The art of change-ringing is peculiar to the English, and, like most English peculiarities, unintelligible to the rest of the world. Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded <t>here</t> in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=here%4:02:00:: | definition=in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is | examples=I work here; turn here
2. sense_key=here%4:02:02:: | definition=in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail | examples=what do we have here?; here I must disagree
3. sense_key=here%4:02:01:: | definition=to this place (especially toward the speaker) | synonyms=hither | examples=come here, please
4. sense_key=here%4:02:04:: | definition=at this time; now | examples=we'll adjourn here for lunch and discuss the remaining issues this afternoon

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "here" in the phrase "bells that first sounded here in 1614" refers to the physical location—the tower of St. Michael and All Angels church in Aslacton. This matches sense 1, which denotes a specific place where something occurs or exists ("in or at this place"). The example "I work here" demonstrates the same locational usage pattern.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "here" appears:

"In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded <t>here</t> in 1614."

The word "here" refers to the location where the bells "sounded" - specifically in the tower of the church at Aslacton. The context is describing the physical location of the bells.

Let me consider each sense:

1. "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is" - This would mean the bells sounded at the place where the speaker/writer is. This fits well - "here" refers to the location in the tower/church at Aslacton where the bells first sounded.

2. "in this circumstance or respect or on this point or detail" - This is about circumstances or points of discussion, not really about location. The example "what do we have here?" uses "here" more abstractly.

3. "to this place (especially toward the speaker)" - This implies movement toward the speaker, but "sounded here" doesn't have that directional quality toward the speaker.

4. "at this time; now" - This is about temporal reference (time), but the sentence is talking about where the bells sounded (1614), not when they're doing something currently.

The correct sense is #1 - "in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is". The bells first sounded "here" (in this place, the tower at Aslacton). The example "I work here" shows the same usage pattern - indicating location.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: discordant
Target surface form: discordant
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a <t>discordant</t>, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=discordant%3:00:00:: | definition=not in agreement or harmony | examples=views discordant with present-day ideas
2. sense_key=discordant%5:00:00:inharmonious:00 | definition=lacking in harmony | synonyms=disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{
  "sense_index": 1
}
```

The passage uses "discordant" metaphorically to describe how modern elements clash with the traditional, harmonious rural English church setting. The phrase "though it can not be heard by the church-goers" clarifies that this is not literal musical dissonance but rather a conceptual disagreement or mismatch between modern times and established tradition. This aligns with sense 1's definition of "not in agreement or harmony" rather than the musical sense of "lacking in harmony."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "discordant" is being used.

The sentence is: "But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."

The context describes a beautiful, ancient scene - an old church with bells that have been ringing since 1614, with parishioners continuing their traditional practices. The passage then mentions a "discordant, modern note" - something that doesn't fit with this harmonious traditional setting.

Let me look at the two senses:

1. Sense 1: "not in agreement or harmony" with example "views discordant with present-day ideas" - This is about disagreement or lack of harmony in an abstract sense.

2. Sense 2: "lacking in harmony" with synonyms "disharmonious, dissonant, inharmonic" - This refers to lacking harmony, particularly in the musical/auditory sense based on the synonyms (especially "dissonant" which is musical terminology).

In the context, "discordant" is being used metaphorically to describe how the modern elements don't fit with the traditional, harmonious rural English church scene. The passage mentions that this discordant note "can not be heard" - meaning it's not an actual sound issue, but rather a conceptual mismatch between modern times and traditional practices.

The key phrase is "though it can not be heard" - this suggests that the discordance isn't literal/musical in nature, but rather a conceptual or thematic discord. This points to Sense 1 - not in agreement or harmony (in a broader, non-musical sense).

Sense 1 is the better fit because:
- It describes abstract disagreement/lack of harmony
- The context is about modern vs. traditional elements not fitting together
- The note that it "cannot be heard" reinforces that this isn't about literal dissonance but conceptual disagreement
- Therefore, the answer is sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: note
Target surface form: note
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern <t>note</t> in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=note%1:10:00:: | definition=a brief written record | examples=he made a note of the appointment
2. sense_key=note%1:10:03:: | definition=a short personal letter | synonyms=short letter, line, billet | examples=drop me a line when you get there
3. sense_key=note%1:10:04:: | definition=a notation representing the pitch and duration of a musical sound | synonyms=musical note, tone | examples=the singer held the note too long
4. sense_key=note%1:10:05:: | definition=a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling | examples=there was a note of uncertainty in his voice
5. sense_key=note%1:07:00:: | definition=a characteristic emotional quality | examples=it ended on a sour note; there was a note of gaiety in her manner
6. sense_key=note%1:21:01:: | definition=a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank) | synonyms=bill, government note, bank bill, banker's bill, bank note, Federal Reserve note | examples=he peeled off five one-thousand-zloty notes
7. sense_key=note%1:10:02:: | definition=a comment or instruction (usually added) | synonyms=annotation, notation | examples=his notes were appended at the end of the article; he added a short notation to the address on the envelope
8. sense_key=note%1:26:00:: | definition=high status importance owing to marked superiority | synonyms=eminence, distinction, preeminence | examples=a scholar of great eminence
9. sense_key=note%1:21:00:: | definition=a promise to pay a specified amount on demand or at a certain time | synonyms=promissory note, note of hand | examples=I had to co-sign his note at the bank

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and find the best sense for "note" in this passage.

The sentence is: "But there is also a discordant, modern <t>note</t> in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."

The word "note" here is being used metaphorically. The context talks about bells and the peaceful rural church setting, and then mentions "a discordant, modern note in Aslacton."

The text is saying there's something discordant and modern about Aslacton. This is describing a characteristic emotional quality or a tone/quality of something.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=note%1:10:00:: - a brief written record (definition/examples don't fit)
2. sense_key=note%1:10:03:: - a short personal letter (doesn't fit)
3. sense_key=note%1:10:04:: - a notation representing pitch and duration of a musical sound (this is about music notation, not quite right)
4. sense_key=note%1:10:05:: - a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling (about tone of voice, not quite right)
5. sense_key=note%1:07:00:: - a characteristic emotional quality | examples: "it ended on a sour note; there was a note of gaiety in her manner" - THIS FITS! The passage is talking about a "discordant, modern note" which describes a characteristic quality or tone of the place.
6. sense_key=note%1:21:01:: - a piece of paper money (doesn't fit)
7. sense_key=note%1:10:02:: - a comment or instruction (doesn't fit)
8. sense_key=note%1:26:00:: - high status importance (doesn't fit)
9. sense_key=note%1:21:00:: - a promise to pay (doesn't fit)
10. sense_key=note%1:10:01:: - a distinguishing feature or quality (doesn't fit as well as sense 5)

Sense 5 is the clearest match. The passage uses "note" to convey the distinctive character or quality of Aslacton—specifically its discordant, modern aspect—much like how one might describe something as having "a note of gaiety" or "ending on a sour note."


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: enjoy
Target surface form: enjoying
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:00:: | definition=derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in | synonyms=bask, relish, savor, savour | examples=She relished her fame and basked in her glory
2. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:01:: | definition=have benefit from | examples=enjoy privileges
3. sense_key=enjoy%2:37:01:: | definition=get pleasure from | synonyms=love | examples=I love cooking
4. sense_key=enjoy%2:39:00:: | definition=have for one's benefit | examples=The industry enjoyed a boom
5. sense_key=enjoy%2:34:00:: | definition=take delight in | synonyms=delight, revel | examples=he delights in his granddaughter

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows church-goers experiencing pleasure from listening to the peal of bells on an autumn evening. The verb "enjoying" here means to derive or receive pleasure from something, which directly aligns with sense 1 ("derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in"). The synonyms like "savor" and the overall serene context of appreciating the bells support this sense.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "enjoying" appears:

"The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers <t>enjoying</t> the peal of bells this cool autumn evening."

The context is about church-goers who are enjoying the peal of bells. They are taking pleasure in listening to the bells ringing during evensong.

Let me look at each sense:

1. "derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in" - This is about deriving pleasure from something. The synonyms are "bask, relish, savor, savour" and the example is "She relished her fame and basked in her glory". This fits the context of enjoying the bells.

2. "have benefit from" - The example is "enjoy privileges". This is more about having advantage or benefit, not pleasure.

3. "get pleasure from" - Synonyms include "love". The example is "I love cooking". This is about getting pleasure from an activity.

4. "have for one's benefit" - Example is "The industry enjoyed a boom". This is about possessing or having something beneficial.

5. "take delight in" - Synonyms are "delight, revel". The example is "he delights in his granddaughter". This is about taking delight or joy in something.

In the context, the church-goers are enjoying the peal of bells - they are getting pleasure/delight from listening to the bells.

Senses 1, 3, and 5 all seem relevant:
- Sense 1: derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in
- Sense 3: get pleasure from
- Sense 5: take delight in

Sense 1 and Sense 5 are quite similar. Sense 1 emphasizes lingering in pleasure with synonyms like "savor" and "relish," which captures the quiet, contemplative enjoyment of the bells. Sense 5 focuses more on active delight with "revel," suggesting a more exuberant response. Given the serene setting and the peaceful act of listening to bells on a cool autumn evening, Sense 1 seems most appropriate.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: bell
Target surface form: bells
Context:
Dorothy L. Sayers, "The Nine Tailors "ASLACTON, England -- Of all scenes that evoke rural England, this is one of the loveliest: An ancient stone church stands amid the fields, the sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong. The parishioners of St. Michael and All Angels stop to chat at the church door, as members here always have. In the tower, five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells that first sounded here in 1614. But there is also a discordant, modern note in Aslacton, though it can not be heard by the church-goers enjoying the peal of <t>bells</t> this cool autumn evening. Like most of the other 6,000 churches in Britain with sets of bells, St. Michael once had its own "band "of ringers, who would herald every Sunday morning and evening service.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=bell%1:06:00:: | definition=a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck
2. sense_key=bell%1:06:02:: | definition=a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed | synonyms=doorbell, buzzer
3. sense_key=bell%1:11:00:: | definition=the sound of a bell being struck | synonyms=toll | examples=saved by the bell; she heard the distant toll of church bells
4. sense_key=bell%1:28:00:: | definition=(nautical) each of the eight half-hour units of nautical time signaled by strokes of a ship's bell; eight bells signals 4:00, 8:00, or 12:00 o'clock, either a.m. or p.m. | synonyms=ship's bell
5. sense_key=bell%1:25:00:: | definition=the shape of a bell | synonyms=bell shape, campana
6. sense_key=bell%1:18:02:: | definition=a phonetician and father of Alexander Graham Bell (1819-1905) | synonyms=Melville Bell, Alexander Melville Bell
7. sense_key=bell%1:18:01:: | definition=English painter; sister of Virginia Woolf; prominent member of the Bloomsbury Group (1879-1961) | synonyms=Vanessa Bell, Vanessa Stephen
8. sense_key=bell%1:18:00:: | definition=United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922) | synonyms=Alexander Bell, Alexander Graham Bell
9. sense_key=bell%1:06:04:: | definition=a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument | synonyms=chime, gong
10. sense_key=bell%1:06:03:: | definition=the flared opening of a tubular device

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to the actual physical bells in the church tower - "five bells that first sounded here in 1614" and "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells." These are the bell devices themselves, not the sound they produce, and certainly not doorbells, nautical bells, or orchestral instruments. Sense 1 ("a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck") is the best fit for these church bells.

reasoning_content:
The target lemma is "bell" and we need to find the best sense for "bells" in the context provided.

Let me analyze the context:
- "The sound of bells cascading from its tower, calling the faithful to evensong"
- "five men and women pull rhythmically on ropes attached to the same five bells"
- "the peal of bells"

The passage is describing church bells - actual physical bell devices mounted in a church tower. The bells are being rung for church services. The text mentions "the sound of bells cascading from its tower" and "five bells that first sounded here in 1614."

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - This is the basic definition of a bell as a physical object.

2. "a push button at an outer door that gives a ringing or buzzing signal when pushed" (doorbell) - This doesn't fit; these aren't doorbells.

3. "the sound of a bell being struck" - This could apply since the passage mentions "the sound of bells cascading"

4. "nautical - each of the eight half-hour units" - Not relevant

5. "the shape of a bell" - Not the primary meaning here

6-8. Various people named Bell - Not relevant

9. "a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells" - This is close, but these are individual church bells, not an orchestral instrument

10. "the flared opening of a tubular device" - Not relevant

The passage is talking about actual physical bell objects in a church tower. The most fitting sense is #1 - "a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck" - because the context explicitly mentions the five physical bells that have been in the church since 1614, and people pulling ropes attached to them.

While the passage does mention the sound of the bells, the primary reference is to the bells themselves as physical objects/instruments.
Sense 1 is the correct answer.