[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
If I were to ask a sample of American parents, "Do you wish the elementary schools to encourage creativity in your children? "the near-unanimous answer would be, "Yes, of course. "But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our <t>children</t>. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly refers to young people in an educational setting. The passage discusses elementary schools, youngsters' self-esteem, and the educational system's approach to children. Sense 1 ("a young person of either sex") is the most appropriate, as it specifically denotes children in the school-age context being discussed throughout the passage, rather than sense 2 which is more general about offspring of any age.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine which sense of "child" is being used.

The sentence is: "...the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children."

This is in the context of a discussion about education and what parents want for their children. The passage talks about:
- "American parents" asking about elementary schools
- "youngsters'" self-esteem
- "the latent talents and the wonderful...potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children"

The passage is discussing young people in the context of education, their development, and their potential.

Let me look at each sense:

1. **Sense 1**: "a young person of either sex" - Examples: "she writes books for children; they're just kids". This refers to young people, particularly those in school age.

2. **Sense 2**: "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - Examples: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college". This refers to children as offspring, regardless of age.

3. **Sense 3**: "an immature childish person" - This is about emotional/behavioral immaturity, not age.

4. **Sense 4**: "a member of a clan or tribe" - This is a figurative/tribal sense.

In the context, the passage talks about:
- Elementary schools (suggesting young people)
- "youngsters'" self-esteem
- Educational context
- Parents' wishes for their "children"

The context is clearly about young people in an educational setting (elementary schools). The parents are talking about encouraging creativity in young people who are in school.

Sense 1 ("a young person of either sex") seems most appropriate because:
- The context is about elementary schools
- It discusses youngsters
- It's about young people in an educational context

Sense 2 could also work, but it's less specific to the educational/young person context.
The educational setting and explicit references to "youngsters" and "elementary schools" point directly to Sense 1 as the intended meaning.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that <t>parents</t> find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "parents" in this context refers to human mothers and fathers who are raising children and making decisions about their education. The passage discusses children's education, self-esteem, and what parents want for their children's learning, making it clear this is sense 1 (a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian) rather than the biological sense.

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "parents" is being used.

The sentence in question is: "It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

The context is about education and childhood development. The passage discusses "youngsters," "children," and "our children." In the sentence with the target word, "parents" refers to the mothers and fathers who are finding the educational philosophy attractive. This is clearly referring to human parents in the traditional sense - people who are raising children.

Sense 1 is about human parents - "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian." This matches perfectly with the context.

Sense 2 is about biological parents in a more general sense - "an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained." This is a more biological, general definition that would include plants and animals, not specifically humans raising children.

Given the context about education and children, sense 1 is clearly the correct choice.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: find
Target surface form: find
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents <t>find</t> this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=find%2:40:02:: | definition=come upon, as if by accident; meet with | synonyms=happen, chance, bump, encounter | examples=We find this idea in Plato; I happened upon the most wonderful bakery not very far from here
2. sense_key=find%2:39:02:: | definition=discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of | synonyms=detect, observe, discover, notice | examples=She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water; We found traces of lead in the paint
3. sense_key=find%2:40:00:: | definition=come upon after searching; find the location of something that was missed or lost | synonyms=regain | examples=Did you find your glasses?; I cannot find my gloves!
4. sense_key=find%2:32:00:: | definition=establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study | synonyms=determine, find out, ascertain | examples=find the product of two numbers; The physicist who found the elusive particle won the Nobel Prize
5. sense_key=find%2:31:10:: | definition=come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds | synonyms=feel | examples=I feel that he doesn't like me; I find him to be obnoxious
6. sense_key=find%2:39:01:: | definition=perceive or be contemporaneous with | synonyms=witness, see | examples=We found Republicans winning the offices; You'll see a lot of cheating in this school
7. sense_key=find%2:40:01:: | definition=get something or somebody for a specific purpose | synonyms=line up, get hold, come up | examples=I found this gadget that will serve as a bottle opener; I got hold of these tools to fix our plumbing
8. sense_key=find%2:36:00:: | definition=make a discovery, make a new finding | synonyms=discover | examples=Roentgen discovered X-rays; Physicists believe they found a new elementary particle
9. sense_key=find%2:31:09:: | definition=make a discovery | synonyms=discover | examples=She found that he had lied to her; The story is false, so far as I can discover
10. sense_key=find%2:40:03:: | definition=obtain through effort or management | examples=She found the time and energy to take care of her aging parents; We found the money to send our sons to college
11. sense_key=find%2:32:01:: | definition=decide on and make a declaration about | synonyms=rule | examples=find someone guilty
12. sense_key=find%2:30:00:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, get, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
13. sense_key=find%2:39:05:: | definition=perceive oneself to be in a certain condition or place | examples=I found myself in a difficult situation; When he woke up, he found himself in a hospital room
14. sense_key=find%2:40:15:: | definition=get or find back; recover the use of | synonyms=recover, retrieve, regain | examples=She regained control of herself; She found her voice and replied quickly
15. sense_key=find%2:38:10:: | definition=succeed in reaching; arrive at | examples=The arrow found its mark
16. sense_key=find%2:30:13:: | definition=accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation | synonyms=find oneself | examples=My son went to Berkeley to find himself

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

The context shows parents forming an opinion or belief about "romantic extravagance" being "attractive." This matches sense 5: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" with the synonym "feel." The example "I find him to be obnoxious" has the exact same structure as "parents find this...so attractive" - both express subjective belief or perception about something.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully:

"It is not surprising that parents <t>find</t> this romantic extravagance so attractive."

The sentence is saying that parents come to regard or perceive this "romantic extravagance" as attractive. They hold the opinion or belief that it is attractive.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. Come upon accidentally - doesn't fit, parents aren't accidentally encountering something
2. Discover/determine existence - could fit, but "find attractive" doesn't typically mean to discover the existence of
3. Come upon after searching - doesn't fit
4. Establish after calculation - doesn't fit
5. Come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions - "I find him to be obnoxious" - THIS FITS! This means forming an opinion or belief about something
6. Perceive or be contemporaneous with - doesn't fit well
7. Get something for a specific purpose - doesn't fit
8. Make a discovery - doesn't fit
9. Make a discovery - doesn't fit
10. Obtain through effort - doesn't fit
11. Decide/make declaration - legal context, doesn't fit
12. Receive treatment - doesn't fit
13. Perceive oneself in a condition - doesn't fit
14. Get/find back - doesn't fit
15. Succeed in reaching - doesn't fit
16. Accept and use one's personality - doesn't fit

Sense 5 is the best match: "come to believe on the basis of emotion, intuitions, or indefinite grounds" with synonym "feel" and example "I find him to be obnoxious"

The sentence structure "parents find this... so attractive" is exactly like "I find him to be obnoxious" - it's expressing what the speaker/subject believes or perceives about something.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: romantic
Target surface form: romantic
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this <t>romantic</t> extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: | definition=belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts | synonyms=romanticist, romanticistic | examples=romantic poetry
2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 | definition=expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance | synonyms=amatory, amorous | examples=her amatory affairs; amorous glances
3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 | definition=not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic | synonyms=quixotic, wild-eyed | examples=as quixotic as a restoration of medieval knighthood; a romantic disregard for money

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 3}

The context discusses a "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" and refers to "this romantic extravagance" as an idealistic but impractical approach to education. The passage criticizes this approach as unrealistic, contrasting it with parents who "have enough common sense to know what that demands" regarding proper education. The word "extravagance" reinforces the sense of impractical idealism. This aligns with sense 3, which defines "romantic" as "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic," with the synonym "quixotic."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "romantic" is being used.

The passage discusses:
1. The concept of "creativity" in education
2. A "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction"
3. This rebellion is described as viewing discipline as "authoritarian" and seeing education as about self-expression and self-esteem
4. The passage then refers to "this romantic extravagance"

Key context clues:
- "romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction" - suggests going against practical, traditional approaches
- "extravagance" - suggests excess, unrealistic ideals
- The contrast is drawn between parents who find this romantic notion attractive BUT also want their children to get "a decent education as traditionally understood" and have "common sense to know what that demands"
- This suggests the "romantic" approach is impractical and idealistic

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=romantic%3:01:00:: - "belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts" - This could apply since it mentions "romantic rebellion" but it's specifically about the artistic movement.

2. sense_key=romantic%5:00:01:loving:00 - "expressive of or exciting sexual love or romance" - This doesn't fit the context at all. There's nothing about sexual or romantic love here.

3. sense_key=romantic%5:00:00:impractical:00 - "not sensible about practical matters; idealistic and unrealistic" with synonyms "quixotic, wild-eyed" - This fits perfectly. The passage is criticizing the romantic approach as idealistic and unrealistic, contrasting it with practical "common sense."

The passage uses "romantic extravagance" to describe an idealistic but impractical approach to education. The word "extravagance" emphasizes the excess and impracticality. This aligns with sense 3 - the idealistic, unrealistic sense of romantic.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 3}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: so
Target surface form: so
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance <t>so</t> attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=so%4:02:02:: | definition=to a very great extent or degree | examples=the idea is so obvious; never been so happy
2. sense_key=so%4:02:06:: | definition=in a manner that facilitates | examples=he observed the snakes so he could describe their behavior; he stooped down so he could pick up his hat
3. sense_key=so%4:02:05:: | definition=in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied | examples=They're happy and I hope they will remain so; so live your life that old age will bring no regrets
4. sense_key=so%4:02:07:: | definition=to a certain unspecified extent or degree | examples=I can only go so far with this student; can do only so much in a day
5. sense_key=so%4:02:08:: | definition=in the same way; also | examples=I was offended and so was he; worked hard and so did she
6. sense_key=so%4:02:04:: | definition=in the way indicated; ; ; (`thusly' is a nonstandard variant) | synonyms=thus, thusly | examples=hold the brush so; set up the pieces thus
7. sense_key=so%4:02:03:: | definition=(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed | examples=he was so tired he could hardly stand; so dirty that it smells
8. sense_key=so%4:02:09:: | definition=subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors) | synonyms=then, and so, and then | examples=then he left; go left first, then right
9. sense_key=so%4:02:10:: | definition=(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result | synonyms=therefore, hence, thence, thus | examples=therefore X must be true; the eggs were fresh and hence satisfactory
10. sense_key=so%4:02:00:: | definition=in truth (often tends to intensify) | synonyms=indeed | examples=they said the car would break down and indeed it did; it is very cold indeed

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "so" in "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive" functions as an adverb expressing a high degree or extent. The sentence structure parallels the provided examples ("the idea is so obvious; never been so happy"), where "so" modifies an adjective ("attractive") to indicate a very great extent. The context suggests that parents find this romantic approach to education appealing to a considerable degree, making sense 1 (to a very great extent or degree) the best fit.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "so" appears:

"It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive."

I need to determine which sense of "so" fits best here.

Let me go through the candidates:

1. "to a very great extent or degree" - Examples: "the idea is so obvious; never been so happy"
   - This could fit: "so attractive" = "to a very great extent attractive"

2. "in a manner that facilitates" - Examples about stooping down so one could pick something up
   - This doesn't fit - there's no purpose clause here

3. "in such a condition or manner, especially as expressed or implied" - Examples: "remain so"
   - This doesn't fit well

4. "to a certain unspecified extent or degree" - "can only go so far"
   - This doesn't fit - we're not talking about a limited extent

5. "in the same way; also" - Examples: "I was offended and so was he"
   - This doesn't fit

6. "in the way indicated" - Examples: "hold the brush so"
   - This doesn't fit

7. "(usually followed by `that') to an extent or degree as expressed" - Examples: "he was so tired he could hardly stand"
   - This could fit, but there's no "that" clause following, and the examples show it's used with a consequence clause

8. "subsequently or soon afterward" - This doesn't fit

9. "(used to introduce a logical conclusion)" - This doesn't fit

10. "in truth (often tends to intensify)" - This doesn't fit

The best fit is sense 1: "to a very great extent or degree". In the sentence "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive," the "so" means "to a very great extent" - it's expressing degree/intensity. The structure parallels the examples given: "the idea is so obvious; never been so happy" - these are all about expressing a high degree of something.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attractive
Target surface form: attractive
Context:
But what do we mean, specifically, by "creativity "? No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so <t>attractive</t>. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attractive%3:00:01:: | definition=pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm | examples=a remarkably attractive young man; an attractive personality
2. sense_key=attractive%5:00:00:appealing:00 | definition=having power to arouse interest | examples=an attractive opportunity; the job is attractive because of the pay
3. sense_key=attractive%3:00:02:: | definition=having the properties of a magnet; the ability to draw or pull | examples=an attractive force

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "attractive" in this context means the romantic notion of creativity has the power to arouse or capture interest among parents. This is not about physical beauty or charm (sense 1), nor about magnetic properties (sense 3), but rather about the conceptual appeal of this educational philosophy—it draws people's interest and is compelling to them, similar to "an attractive opportunity" in the examples for sense 2.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for "attractive" in this passage.

The context is discussing how parents find "romantic extravagance" in the notion of "creativity" in education to be attractive. The passage is explaining why parents are drawn to or interested in this romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction.

Let me examine each sense:

1. Sense 1: "pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm" - This refers to something that is aesthetically or emotionally pleasing. The examples given are "a remarkably attractive young man" (physical attractiveness) and "an attractive personality" (charm-based appeal).

2. Sense 2: "having power to arouse interest" - This refers to something that captures interest or attention. The examples are "an attractive opportunity" and "the job is attractive because of the pay" - these are things that appeal to someone's interest or draw them in.

3. Sense 3: "having the properties of a magnet; the ability to draw or pull" - This is about physical/magnetic properties.

In the context, parents find the romantic notion of creativity to be "attractive" - meaning they are drawn to it, it appeals to them, it captures their interest. This is not about physical beauty or charm, but rather about the appeal or interest-arousing quality of the idea.

Looking at Sense 2 more carefully: "having power to arouse interest" with examples like "an attractive opportunity" - this makes sense. The idea of romantic rebellion and self-expression is "attractive" because it has power to arouse interest.

So the best fit is Sense 2 (index 2), which refers to having the power to arouse or draw interest, rather than physical beauty.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: same
Target surface form: same
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these <t>same</t> parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=same%3:00:02:: | definition=same in identity | examples=the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice
2. sense_key=same%3:00:00:: | definition=closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree | examples=curtains the same color as the walls; two girls of the same age
3. sense_key=same%3:00:04:: | definition=equal in amount or value | synonyms=like | examples=like amounts; equivalent amounts
4. sense_key=same%5:00:00:unchanged:00 | definition=unchanged in character or nature | examples=the village stayed the same; his attitude is the same as ever

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "same" in "these same parents" refers to the identical parents mentioned earlier in the passage—those who find the romantic educational extravagance attractive. This is a clear case of identity reference (the identical people being discussed), which corresponds to the sense "same in identity" with examples like "the same man I saw yesterday."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine which sense of "same" is being used.

The target word appears in: "Fortunately, these <t>same</t> parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood..."

Looking at the context:
- The passage discusses parents who find "romantic extravagance" (the notion of "creativity" in education) attractive
- Then it says "these same parents do want their children to get a decent education"
- This refers back to the "parents" mentioned earlier in the sentence about finding romantic extravagance attractive

The word "same" here is being used to refer to the identical parents mentioned previously - the ones who find romantic extravagance attractive are the same ones who want decent education.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "same in identity" - "the same man I saw yesterday; never wore the same dress twice" - This suggests identity and referring to an identical specific person/thing
2. "closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree" - This suggests similarity, not identity
3. "equal in amount or value" - This suggests equivalence in amount/value
4. "unchanged in character or nature" - This suggests consistency over time

The usage "these same parents" is referring to identical parents - the ones mentioned as finding the romantic extravagance attractive. This is clearly sense 1, which deals with identity ("same in identity").

The answer should be sense_index: 1


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: parent
Target surface form: parents
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same <t>parents</t> do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: | definition=a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: | definition=an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context clearly indicates human parents discussing their children's education. The phrase "these same parents do want their children to get a decent education" explicitly refers to fathers and mothers who nurture and raise children, not to biological organisms in a general reproduction sense.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "parents" is being used.

The passage discusses education, children, and the preferences of parents regarding their children's education. The relevant sentence is:

"It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

The key contextual clues are:
- "parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive" - referring to people who have opinions about education philosophy
- "these same parents do want their children to get a decent education" - explicitly mentions "their children"
- The entire passage discusses generational issues and education approaches involving families

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=parent%1:18:00:: - "a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian"
2. sense_key=parent%1:03:00:: - "an organism (plant or animal) from which younger ones are obtained"

Sense 1 is clearly the correct interpretation here. The passage is discussing human parents (fathers and mothers) who have children and want them to receive a proper education. This is explicitly about human familial relationships and guardianship/nurturing roles.

Sense 2 refers to biological reproduction in plants and animals, which is completely irrelevant to this educational context about human families.

The answer should be sense 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: want
Target surface form: want
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do <t>want</t> their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=want%2:37:00:: | definition=feel or have a desire for; want strongly | synonyms=desire | examples=I want to go home now; I want my own room
2. sense_key=want%2:34:00:: | definition=have need of | synonyms=need, require | examples=This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner
3. sense_key=want%2:35:00:: | definition=hunt or look for; want for a particular reason | examples=Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI; Uncle Sam wants you
4. sense_key=want%2:31:01:: | definition=wish or demand the presence of | examples=I want you here at noon!
5. sense_key=want%2:42:01:: | definition=be without, lack; be deficient in | examples=want courtesy; want the strength to go on living

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows parents who "do want their children to get a decent education" - expressing a desire or wish for their children to receive proper schooling. This clearly corresponds to sense 1 (feel or have a desire for; want strongly), with the example parallels being "I want to go home now" and "I want my own room," which similarly express desires or wishes.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "want" is being used.

The sentence is: "Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

Let me go through each sense:

1. "feel or have a desire for; want strongly" - This means to desire something. The sentence suggests parents desire/wish for their children to get a decent education. This fits well.

2. "have need of" - This would mean the parents need their children to get a decent education. While this could work in some contexts, the primary meaning here is about desire/wish, not necessity.

3. "hunt or look for; want for a particular reason" - This clearly doesn't fit. We're not talking about searching for children.

4. "wish or demand the presence of" - This would mean they want the children to be physically present. The phrase "want their children to get a decent education" suggests they want them to receive education, not just their presence.

5. "be without, lack; be deficient in" - This would mean they lack something or are deficient. The sentence structure doesn't support this meaning.

The most natural interpretation is sense 1: "feel or have a desire for; want strongly" - the parents desire/wish that their children get a decent education. This is the most common and natural use of "want" in this context.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: child
Target surface form: children
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their <t>children</t> to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=child%1:18:00:: | definition=a young person of either sex | synonyms=kid, youngster, minor, shaver, nipper, small fry | examples=she writes books for children; they're just kids
2. sense_key=child%1:18:01:: | definition=a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age | synonyms=kid | examples=they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college
3. sense_key=child%1:18:06:: | definition=an immature childish person | synonyms=baby | examples=he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!
4. sense_key=child%1:18:07:: | definition=a member of a clan or tribe | examples=the children of Israel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The passage uses "their children" in the context of parents wanting their offspring to receive a proper education. Sense 2 ("a human offspring of any age") is most appropriate here because it emphasizes the familial relationship between parents and their children, rather than simply referring to young people by age (sense 1). The phrase "their children" clearly indicates biological or familial offspring, not just age-defined youngsters.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to find the best sense for "children" in this passage.

The passage discusses education and how parents want their children to receive a proper education. The context is: "Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

Let me examine each sense:

1. "a young person of either sex" - This is about young people (kids, youngsters, minors). Examples include "she writes books for children; they're just kids"

2. "a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age" - This refers to offspring, children in the biological/familial sense, of any age. Examples: "they had three children; they were able to send their kids to college"

3. "an immature childish person" - This is about someone who acts childlike/immature. Examples: "he remained a child in practical matters as long as he lived; stop being a baby!"

4. "a member of a clan or tribe" - This is about social/tribal membership. Examples: "the children of Israel"

In the context of the passage, parents are talking about wanting their "children" to get a decent education. This is clearly about offspring/children in the biological/familial sense. The passage discusses young people and education, but the specific reference to "their children" indicates offspring.

Sense 2 seems most appropriate because:
- It refers to offspring (son or daughter)
- It specifies "of any age" which allows for the broader educational context
- The phrase "their children" clearly indicates familial relationship

Between sense 1 and 2:
- Sense 1 is about "young person of either sex"
- Sense 2 is about "human offspring (son or daughter) of any age"

The key difference is that sense 2 emphasizes the familial relationship (offspring, son or daughter), while sense 1 is just about age. The context "their children" suggests the familial relationship is important, making sense 2 the better choice.
The answer is sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: get
Target surface form: get
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to <t>get</t> a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=get%2:40:00:: | definition=come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | synonyms=acquire | examples=She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet
2. sense_key=get%2:30:00:: | definition=enter or assume a certain state or condition | synonyms=become, go | examples=He became annoyed when he heard the bad news; It must be getting more serious
3. sense_key=get%2:30:02:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=let, have | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
4. sense_key=get%2:30:03:: | definition=receive a specified treatment (abstract) | synonyms=receive, find, obtain, incur | examples=These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation; His movie received a good review
5. sense_key=get%2:38:00:: | definition=reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress | synonyms=arrive, come | examples=She arrived home at 7 o'clock; She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight
6. sense_key=get%2:35:03:: | definition=go or come after and bring or take back | synonyms=bring, convey, fetch | examples=Get me those books over there, please; Could you bring the wine?
7. sense_key=get%2:39:00:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, have | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
8. sense_key=get%2:33:00:: | definition=take vengeance on or get even | synonyms=pay back, pay off, fix | examples=We'll get them!; That'll fix him good!
9. sense_key=get%2:40:01:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=have, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
10. sense_key=get%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, have, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
11. sense_key=get%2:35:09:: | definition=succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase | synonyms=catch, capture | examples=We finally got the suspect; Did you catch the thief?
12. sense_key=get%2:29:01:: | definition=come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes) | synonyms=grow, develop, produce, acquire | examples=He grew a beard; The patient developed abdominal pains
13. sense_key=get%2:29:00:: | definition=be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness | synonyms=contract, take | examples=He got AIDS; She came down with pneumonia
14. sense_key=get%2:32:03:: | definition=communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone | examples=Bill called this number and he got Mary; The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake
15. sense_key=get%2:30:01:: | definition=give certain properties to something | synonyms=make | examples=get someone mad; She made us look silly
16. sense_key=get%2:32:08:: | definition=move into a desired direction of discourse | synonyms=drive, aim | examples=What are you driving at?
17. sense_key=get%2:31:09:: | definition=grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of | synonyms=catch | examples=did you catch that allusion?; We caught something of his theory in the lecture
18. sense_key=get%2:35:00:: | definition=attract and fix | synonyms=catch, arrest | examples=His look caught her; She caught his eye
19. sense_key=get%2:35:10:: | definition=reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot | synonyms=catch | examples=the rock caught her in the back of the head; The blow got him in the back
20. sense_key=get%2:31:03:: | definition=reach by calculation | examples=What do you get when you add up these numbers?
21. sense_key=get%2:40:14:: | definition=acquire as a result of some effort or action | examples=You cannot get water out of a stone; Where did she get these news?
22. sense_key=get%2:40:13:: | definition=purchase | examples=What did you get at the toy store?
23. sense_key=get%2:39:13:: | definition=perceive by hearing | synonyms=catch | examples=I didn't catch your name; She didn't get his name when they met the first time
24. sense_key=get%2:39:09:: | definition=suffer from the receipt of | synonyms=catch | examples=She will catch hell for this behavior!
25. sense_key=get%2:39:14:: | definition=receive as a retribution or punishment | synonyms=receive | examples=He got 5 years in prison
26. sense_key=get%2:38:15:: | definition=leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form | synonyms=scram, buzz off, fuck off, bugger off | examples=Scram!
27. sense_key=get%2:38:12:: | definition=reach and board | examples=She got the bus just as it was leaving
28. sense_key=get%2:37:12:: | definition=irritate | synonyms=get under one's skin | examples=Her childish behavior really get to me; His lying really gets me
29. sense_key=get%2:37:11:: | definition=evoke an emotional response | examples=Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time
30. sense_key=get%2:36:14:: | definition=apprehend and reproduce accurately | synonyms=catch | examples=She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings; She got the mood just right in her photographs
31. sense_key=get%2:36:00:: | definition=earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher | synonyms=draw | examples=He drew a base on balls
32. sense_key=get%2:35:12:: | definition=overcome or destroy | examples=The ice storm got my hibiscus; the cat got the goldfish
33. sense_key=get%2:31:10:: | definition=be a mystery or bewildering to | synonyms=perplex, vex, stick, puzzle, mystify, baffle | examples=This beats me!; Got me--I don't know the answer!
34. sense_key=get%2:30:12:: | definition=take the first step or steps in carrying out an action | synonyms=get down, begin, start out, start, set about, set out | examples=We began working at dawn; Who will start?
35. sense_key=get%2:29:11:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, have | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
36. sense_key=get%2:29:08:: | definition=make children | synonyms=beget, engender, father, mother, sire, generate | examples=Abraham begot Isaac; Men often father children but don't recognize them

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows parents wanting their children to "get a decent education as traditionally understood." Here "get" means to acquire or come into the possession of something abstract (education). This directly matches sense 1: "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | acquire," which uses "acquire" as a synonym and provides similar examples of obtaining things.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully. The sentence is:

"Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to <t>get</t> a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

Here, "get" is used in the sense of "obtain" or "acquire" - the parents want their children to obtain/receive a decent education.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract" - acquire - This fits well. "Get a decent education" means to acquire/obtain an education.

2. "enter or assume a certain state or condition" - become, go - This doesn't fit. You don't "become" an education.

3. "cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition" - This doesn't fit the context.

4. "receive a specified treatment (abstract)" - This could work, but it's more about receiving treatment rather than acquiring education.

5. "reach a destination" - Doesn't fit.

6. "go or come after and bring or take back" - Doesn't fit.

7. "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" - Doesn't fit.

8-36: Various other senses that don't fit.

The best fit is sense 1: "come into the possession of something concrete or abstract | acquire" with examples like "She got a lot of paintings from her uncle; They acquired a new pet"

This matches the meaning of "get a decent education" - to acquire/obtain education.

The answer should be sense index 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: decent
Target surface form: decent
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a <t>decent</t> education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=decent%5:00:00:respectable:00 | definition=socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous | synonyms=nice | examples=from a decent family; a nice girl
2. sense_key=decent%5:00:00:proper:00 | definition=according with custom or propriety | synonyms=becoming, comely, comme il faut, decorous, seemly | examples=her becoming modesty; comely behavior
3. sense_key=decent%3:00:00:: | definition=conforming to conventions of sexual behavior; - George Santayana | examples=speech in this circle, if not always decent, never became lewd
4. sense_key=decent%5:00:00:sufficient:00 | definition=sufficient for the purpose | synonyms=adequate, enough | examples=an adequate income; the food was adequate
5. sense_key=decent%5:00:02:modest:01 | definition=decently clothed | examples=are you decent?
6. sense_key=decent%5:00:00:modest:01 | definition=observing conventional sexual mores in speech or behavior or dress | examples=a modest neckline in her dress; though one of her shoulder straps had slipped down, she was perfectly decent by current standards

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 4}
```

The context describes parents who "want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood" in opposition to progressive educational approaches that fail to teach basic literacy. Here, "decent" means the education is **sufficient and adequate for the purpose** of actually educating children—meeting standards for functional literacy and disciplined instruction. This aligns with sense 4 (sufficient for the purpose; adequate, enough), rather than senses 1-2 which emphasize social respectability, or senses 3, 5-6 which relate to sexual/dress conventions irrelevant to education.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense of "decent" here.

The sentence is: "Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy" and in the preceding text: "Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a <t>decent</t> education as traditionally understood"

The key context is "education as traditionally understood" - this is describing an education that meets certain standards or requirements. The parents want their children to receive an education that is adequate, sufficient, and meets conventional/traditional standards.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. "respectable" - socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous. Examples suggest high moral/social standing.

2. "proper" - according with custom or propriety. Similar to respectable but emphasizing customs/conventions.

3. "conforming to conventions of sexual behavior" - This doesn't fit the context at all. It's about education, not sexual behavior.

4. "sufficient for the purpose" - adequate, enough. This fits well - the parents want an education that is adequate/sufficient for the purpose of actually educating their children.

5. "decently clothed" - This is about being clothed. Doesn't apply to education.

6. "observing conventional sexual mores in speech or behavior or dress" - Again, sexual behavior. Doesn't fit.

The context emphasizes "as traditionally understood" which suggests they want education that meets established standards. However, sense 1 emphasizes "respectable" and "refined/virtuous" which seems more about moral character than educational adequacy.

Sense 4 is "sufficient for the purpose" - "adequate income" suggests it means meeting basic needs/standards. This seems most appropriate for education that is sufficient and adequate.

Actually, let me reconsider. "decent education as traditionally understood" - the key is what makes an education "decent." Looking at the opposition in the text - they criticize the romantic/creative approach and want traditional education that actually teaches literacy and discipline. They want an education that is "proper" by traditional standards and "adequate" to achieve its purpose.
Sense 4 captures this best—the education needs to be sufficient and capable of fulfilling its actual purpose, which in this context means providing real literacy and discipline rather than just creative expression.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: education
Target surface form: education
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent <t>education</t> as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=education%1:04:00:: | definition=the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill | synonyms=instruction, teaching, pedagogy, didactics, educational activity | examples=he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed
2. sense_key=education%1:09:00:: | definition=knowledge acquired by learning and instruction | examples=it was clear that he had a very broad education
3. sense_key=education%1:09:01:: | definition=the gradual process of acquiring knowledge | examples=education is a preparation for life; a girl's education was less important than a boy's
4. sense_key=education%1:04:01:: | definition=the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)
5. sense_key=education%1:07:01:: | definition=the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior) | synonyms=training, breeding | examples=a woman of breeding and refinement
6. sense_key=education%1:14:00:: | definition=the United States federal department that administers all federal programs dealing with education (including federal aid to educational institutions and students); created 1979 | synonyms=Department of Education, Education Department

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context emphasizes parents wanting their children to "get a decent education as traditionally understood" in contrast to the romantic approach emphasizing "creativity" and "self-expression." The phrase highlights the structured process and activities of teaching/instruction - the traditional disciplined approach to education that imparts knowledge and skill. This aligns with sense 1, which defines education as "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense of "education" here.

The sentence reads: "Their commitment to 'creativity' can not survive adolescent illiteracy" and the phrase before mentions "these same parents do want their children to get a decent <t>education</t> as traditionally understood"

The context discusses:
1. A debate about "creativity" in education vs. "disciplined instruction"
2. Parents wanting their children to "get a decent education as traditionally understood"
3. The contrast between what they want (a decent, traditional education) and what some modern approaches advocate

Let me examine each sense:

1. **sense_key=education%1:04:00::** "the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill" - This refers to the act/process of teaching, the activities themselves. The examples "he received no formal education; our instruction was carefully programmed" support this as the process/activities of teaching.

2. **sense_key=education%1:09:00::** "knowledge acquired by learning and instruction" - This refers to the knowledge/learning itself. Example: "it was clear that he had a very broad education" - meaning he had acquired broad knowledge.

3. **sense_key=education%1:09:01::** "the gradual process of acquiring knowledge" - This is the process of acquiring knowledge. Examples: "education is a preparation for life"

4. **sense_key=education%1:04:01::** "the profession of teaching" - Not relevant here, the context isn't about careers.

5. **sense_key=education%1:07:01::** "the result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior)" - The example mentions "breeding and refinement" which is about social development, not what's discussed here.

6. **sense_key=education%1:14:00::** "the United States federal department..." - Clearly not relevant.

The key phrase is "parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood."
The phrase "get a decent education" suggests receiving or obtaining education through a structured process. Given the passage's critique of romantic, creativity-focused approaches and emphasis on traditional, disciplined instruction, sense 1 (the activities of educating and instructing) aligns best with "as traditionally understood" - pointing to the conventional teaching process rather than just knowledge acquired.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: know
Target surface form: know
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to <t>know</t> what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=know%2:31:01:: | definition=be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about | synonyms=cognize, cognise | examples=I know that the President lied to the people; I want to know who is winning the game!
2. sense_key=know%2:31:03:: | definition=know how to do or perform something | examples=She knows how to knit; Does your husband know how to cook?
3. sense_key=know%2:31:02:: | definition=be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt | examples=I know that I left the key on the table; Galileo knew that the earth moves around the sun
4. sense_key=know%2:31:00:: | definition=be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object | examples=She doesn't know this composer; Do you know my sister?
5. sense_key=know%2:31:04:: | definition=have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations | synonyms=experience, live | examples=I know the feeling!; have you ever known hunger?
6. sense_key=know%2:31:06:: | definition=accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority | synonyms=acknowledge, recognize, recognise | examples=The Crown Prince was acknowledged as the true heir to the throne; We do not recognize your gods
7. sense_key=know%2:31:15:: | definition=have fixed in the mind | examples=I know Latin; This student knows her irregular verbs
8. sense_key=know%2:35:00:: | definition=have sexual intercourse with | synonyms=sleep together, roll in the hay, love, make out, make love, sleep with | examples=This student sleeps with everyone in her dorm; Adam knew Eve
9. sense_key=know%2:31:11:: | definition=know the nature or character of | examples=we all knew her as a big show-off
10. sense_key=know%2:31:12:: | definition=be able to distinguish, recognize as being different | examples=The child knows right from wrong
11. sense_key=know%2:31:14:: | definition=perceive as familiar | examples=I know this voice!

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context indicates that parents have enough common sense to be "cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information" about what a decent education demands. This matches sense 1, which refers to possessing knowledge or being aware of a specific piece of information. The parents understand what traditional education requires based on their common sense and general knowledge.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the target word "know" in the sentence: "they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

The context is discussing how parents want their children to get "a decent education as traditionally understood" and that they have "enough common sense to know what that demands."

The meaning here is that parents have the knowledge/understanding/awareness of what a decent education demands. They are cognizant of what it requires.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about" - This seems to fit. Parents are aware of/have knowledge about what a decent education demands.

2. "know how to do or perform something" - This is about having the skill/ability to do something. The context isn't about knowing how to do something, but knowing what something demands.

3. "be aware of the truth of something; have a belief or faith in something; regard as true beyond any doubt" - This is more about believing/having faith in something as true. The context isn't really about faith or belief.

4. "be familiar or acquainted with a person or an object" - This is about knowing people or objects. Not applicable here.

5. "have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations" - This is about experiencing something. Not really the sense here.

6. "accept (someone) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority" - Not applicable.

7. "have fixed in the mind" - This could work, it's about having something in memory/mind. But it's more specific to memorized facts.

8. Sexual intercourse - Not applicable.

9. "know the nature or character of" - This is about knowing what someone is like. Not quite.

10. "be able to distinguish, recognize as being different" - Not applicable.

11. "perceive as familiar" - Not applicable.
Sense 1 is the clearest match—parents possess knowledge about what a decent education requires, similar to how one might know a specific fact. The answer is {"sense_index": 1}.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: demand
Target surface form: demands
Context:
No one can say. In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that <t>demands</t>. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=demand%2:32:00:: | definition=request urgently and forcefully | examples=The victim's family is demanding compensation; The boss demanded that he be fired immediately
2. sense_key=demand%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
3. sense_key=demand%2:32:02:: | definition=claim as due or just | synonyms=exact | examples=The bank demanded payment of the loan
4. sense_key=demand%2:32:09:: | definition=lay legal claim to
5. sense_key=demand%2:32:05:: | definition=summon to court
6. sense_key=demand%2:32:06:: | definition=ask to be informed of | examples=I demand an explanation

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "demands" in this context means "requires as useful, just, or proper." The sentence states that parents "know what that demands" regarding a decent education—meaning they understand what is necessary or required for such an education. This interpretation aligns with sense 2's definition and synonyms (require, necessitate, need), which fit the context of discussing what an education calls for or requires.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the target word "demands" to find the best sense.

The sentence is: "Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands."

In this context, "demands" is being used to mean what is required or what is necessary. It's talking about what a "decent education as traditionally understood" requires or necessitates - what it calls for or needs.

Let me review the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=demand%2:32:00:: | definition=request urgently and forcefully | examples=The victim's family is demanding compensation; The boss demanded that he be fired immediately
   - This is about making urgent requests, doesn't fit the context.

2. sense_key=demand%2:42:00:: | definition=require as useful, just, or proper | synonyms=necessitate, ask, postulate, need, require, take | examples=It takes nerve to do what she did; success usually requires hard work
   - This is about requiring something, about what is necessary. This fits the context well.

3. sense_key=demand%2:32:02:: | definition=claim as due or just | synonyms=exact | examples=The bank demanded payment of the loan
   - This is about claiming something as due, doesn't fit.

4. sense_key=demand%2:32:09:: | definition=lay legal claim to
   - Legal claim, doesn't fit.

5. sense_key=demand%2:32:05:: | definition=summon to court
   - Legal summon, doesn't fit.

6. sense_key=demand%2:32:06:: | definition=ask to be informed of | examples=I demand an explanation
   - Asking for information, doesn't fit.

The context "what that demands" is saying what is required or needed for a decent education. This clearly matches sense 2, which is about requiring as useful, just, or proper. The synonyms "necessitate, need, require" all fit perfectly with how the word is used here.
The correct answer is sense index 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: commitment
Target surface form: commitment
Context:
In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their <t>commitment</t> to "creativity "can not survive adolescent illiteracy. American education's future will be determined by the degree to which we -- all of us -- allow this common sense to prevail over the illusions that we also share.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=commitment%1:07:01:: | definition=the trait of sincere and steadfast fixity of purpose | synonyms=committedness | examples=a man of energy and commitment
2. sense_key=commitment%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action | synonyms=allegiance, loyalty, dedication | examples=his long commitment to public service; they felt no loyalty to a losing team
3. sense_key=commitment%1:04:02:: | definition=an engagement by contract involving financial obligation | examples=his business commitments took him to London
4. sense_key=commitment%1:10:00:: | definition=a message that makes a pledge | synonyms=dedication
5. sense_key=commitment%1:04:01:: | definition=the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital) | synonyms=committal, consignment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes parents who have emotionally and intellectually bound themselves to the ideal of "creativity" in education. The phrase "their commitment to 'creativity'" refers to the act of dedicating oneself to a course of action (promoting creativity in education), which aligns with sense 2: "the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action." This sense is further supported by the examples about commitment to public service and loyalty, which similarly involve dedication to a chosen path.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to find the best sense for "commitment" in this passage.

The passage discusses how parents want their children to get a decent education, and their commitment to "creativity" cannot survive adolescent illiteracy.

The context is: "Their commitment to 'creativity' can not survive adolescent illiteracy."

This suggests the parents have pledged or dedicated themselves to the idea of "creativity" in education, but this commitment cannot withstand the reality of adolescent illiteracy.

Let me review the candidate senses:

1. commitment%1:07:01:: - the trait of sincere and steadfast fixity of purpose (a personality trait)
2. commitment%1:04:00:: - the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action (examples: public service, loyalty to team)
3. commitment%1:04:02:: - an engagement by contract involving financial obligation (business commitments)
4. commitment%1:10:00:: - a message that makes a pledge (dedication)
5. commitment%1:04:01:: - official act of consigning someone to confinement

In this context, the parents have bound themselves (emotionally/intellectually) to the idea of creativity in education. This is not about a financial obligation (sense 3), not about confinement (sense 5), not about a message/pledge (sense 4).

It could be sense 1 or sense 2. Sense 1 focuses on the trait/character of being committed. Sense 2 focuses on the act of binding yourself to a course of action.

Given that the passage is talking about parents who "have enough common sense to know what that demands" and their commitment to creativity, it seems to be describing their commitment as the act of binding themselves emotionally to this belief, rather than just a character trait.

Sense 2 seems most fitting: "the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action" - which matches the emotional/intellectual binding to the idea of creativity.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: survive
Target surface form: survive
Context:
In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not <t>survive</t> adolescent illiteracy. American education's future will be determined by the degree to which we -- all of us -- allow this common sense to prevail over the illusions that we also share.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=survive%2:42:01:: | definition=continue to live through hardship or adversity | synonyms=last, live, live on, go, endure, hold up | examples=We went without water and food for 3 days; These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
2. sense_key=survive%2:42:02:: | definition=continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) | synonyms=pull through, pull round, come through, make it | examples=He survived the cancer against all odds
3. sense_key=survive%2:42:00:: | definition=support oneself | synonyms=exist, live, subsist | examples=he could barely exist on such a low wage; Can you live on $2000 a month in New York City?
4. sense_key=survive%2:42:03:: | definition=live longer than | synonyms=outlive, outlast | examples=She outlived her husband by many years

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
{"sense_index": 1}

The context describes whether the parents' commitment to "creativity" can continue to exist in the face of adolescent illiteracy. This is a metaphorical use of "survive" meaning to persist or endure through adversity. The commitment cannot "endure" or "last" given the problem of illiteracy, which matches sense 1's definition of "continue to live through hardship or adversity." The synonym "endure" from sense 1 is particularly fitting here.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "survive" appears:

"Their commitment to 'creativity' can not survive adolescent illiteracy."

This is saying that the parents' commitment to creativity cannot endure or continue to exist in the face of adolescent illiteracy. The sentence is about whether this commitment can persist given the obstacle of illiteracy.

Let me examine each sense:

1. "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - This is about persisting through difficulties. The examples are about living through hardship (going without water/food) or superstitions persisting.

2. "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" - This is about continuing to exist after experiencing an adversity. The example is about surviving cancer.

3. "support oneself" - This is about subsisting/living with resources. Examples about wages and monthly budgets.

4. "live longer than" - This is about outliving someone else. The example is about living longer than a husband.

In the context "Their commitment to 'creativity' can not survive adolescent illiteracy," we're talking about whether the commitment can continue to exist despite the adversity of illiteracy.

This best fits sense 1: "continue to live through hardship or adversity" - the commitment cannot persist/endure through the adversity of illiteracy.

Actually, looking more carefully, sense 2 "continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.)" could also fit - can the commitment continue to exist after facing adolescent illiteracy?

But sense 1's definition "continue to live through hardship or adversity" seems more directly applicable - it's about whether something can endure/continue in the face of adversity (the illiteracy being the adversity).

The synonym "endure" from sense 1 fits very well: "Their commitment to creativity can not endure adolescent illiteracy."
Sense 1 is the right fit here.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: adolescent
Target surface form: adolescent
Context:
In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive <t>adolescent</t> illiteracy. American education's future will be determined by the degree to which we -- all of us -- allow this common sense to prevail over the illusions that we also share.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=adolescent%3:01:00:: | definition=relating to or peculiar to or suggestive of an adolescent | examples=adolescent problems
2. sense_key=adolescent%5:00:00:young:00 | definition=being of the age 13 through 19 | synonyms=teen, teenage, teenaged | examples=teenage mothers; the teen years
3. sense_key=adolescent%5:00:00:immature:02 | definition=displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity | synonyms=jejune, juvenile, puerile | examples=adolescent insecurity; jejune responses to our problems
4. sense_key=adolescent%5:00:00:immature:01 | definition=in the state of development between puberty and maturity | examples=adolescent boys and girls

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

**Reasoning:** In the phrase "adolescent illiteracy," the word is used as an adjective describing illiteracy among young people in their teenage years. The context discusses education of children and young people, and "adolescent illiteracy" refers to illiteracy in the 13-19 age group, not illiteracy that displays immaturity or is merely characteristic of adolescent development. Sense 2 directly captures the age-based meaning: "being of the age 13 through 19."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the correct sense of "adolescent" in the sentence:

"Their commitment to "creativity" can not survive adolescent illiteracy."

The context discusses education, particularly criticizing a romantic approach to education that emphasizes "creativity" and "self-expression" at the expense of disciplined instruction. The passage mentions that parents want their children to get a decent education and have common sense to know what that demands.

In the phrase "adolescent illiteracy," the word "adolescent" is being used as an adjective modifying "illiteracy." Let me consider each sense:

1. Sense 1 (relating to or peculiar to adolescents): This would suggest illiteracy that is "relating to or peculiar to adolescents" - meaning characteristic of adolescent development or issues.

2. Sense 2 (being of the age 13-19): This would suggest illiteracy in people who are 13-19 years old. This seems to fit the context since the passage is discussing young people/children and their education.

3. Sense 3 (displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity): This would mean the illiteracy shows a lack of maturity, which seems odd.

4. Sense 4 (in the state of development between puberty and maturity): Similar to sense 2, this refers to the developmental stage.

In context, "adolescent illiteracy" appears to mean illiteracy among adolescents (young people aged 13-19), not illiteracy that displays immaturity or is characteristic of adolescent behavior in general. The passage is discussing education of children/young people, and how their parents want them to get a decent education. "Adolescent illiteracy" naturally refers to illiteracy in adolescents.

Between senses 2 and 4, both relate to age/developmental stage. Sense 2 is specifically about "being of the age 13 through 19," while sense 4 is about "in the state of development between puberty and maturity." Sense 2 seems more directly applicable here.
Sense 2 is the adjective form describing the specific age range of 13-19, making it the most precise fit for illiteracy occurring in teenagers within that age bracket.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: illiteracy
Target surface form: illiteracy
Context:
In practice, it ends up being equated with a "self-expression "that encourages the youngsters' "self-esteem. "The result is a generation of young people whose ignorance and intellectual incompetence is matched only by their good opinion of themselves. The whole notion of "creativity "in education was (and is) part and parcel of a romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction, which was (and is) regarded as "authoritarian, "a repression and frustration of the latent talents and the wonderful, if as yet undefined, potentialities inherent in the souls of all our children. It is not surprising that parents find this romantic extravagance so attractive. Fortunately, these same parents do want their children to get a decent education as traditionally understood, and they have enough common sense to know what that demands. Their commitment to "creativity "can not survive adolescent <t>illiteracy</t>. American education's future will be determined by the degree to which we -- all of us -- allow this common sense to prevail over the illusions that we also share.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=illiteracy%1:09:01:: | definition=ignorance resulting from not reading
2. sense_key=illiteracy%1:09:00:: | definition=an inability to read | synonyms=analphabetism

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine which sense of "illiteracy" is being used.

The passage is discussing education and its problems. It talks about:
- A generation of young people whose "ignorance and intellectual incompetence"
- Romantic rebellion against disciplined instruction
- Parents wanting their children to get a "decent education as traditionally understood"
- The commitment to "creativity" cannot survive adolescent illiteracy

Looking at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=illiteracy%1:09:01:: | definition=ignorance resulting from not reading
   - This refers to ignorance that results from not reading

2. sense_key=illiteracy%1:09:00:: | definition=an inability to read | synonyms=analphabetism
   - This refers to the inability to read at all (analphabetism)

The context here is about education and the inability to read properly. The passage mentions parents want their children to get a "decent education as traditionally understood" and that "their commitment to 'creativity' can not survive adolescent illiteracy."

The use of "adolescent illiteracy" in the context of education, combined with the earlier discussion of "ignorance and intellectual incompetence," and the emphasis on traditional education, suggests this is referring to the inability to read properly or at all - the basic skill of reading.

This appears to be referring to the inability to read (sense 2), not merely ignorance from not reading (sense 1). The contrast with "decent education as traditionally understood" suggests it's about the fundamental ability to read.

Actually, let me reconsider. "Illiteracy" in this context could mean either:
- The inability to read (the technical/basic definition)
- Ignorance resulting from not reading/lack of education

Given the educational context and the emphasis on "decent education as traditionally understood," this seems to be referring to the basic inability to read and write - the more fundamental definition of illiteracy.
The fundamental inability to read is the most fitting interpretation here.