[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: virtue
Target surface form: virtues
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the <t>virtues</t> of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=virtue%1:07:01:: | definition=the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong | synonyms=virtuousness, moral excellence
2. sense_key=virtue%1:07:03:: | definition=any admirable quality or attribute | synonyms=merit | examples=work of great merit
3. sense_key=virtue%1:07:02:: | definition=morality with respect to sexual relations | synonyms=chastity, sexual morality
4. sense_key=virtue%1:07:04:: | definition=a particular moral excellence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context describes "the virtues of private markets" in contrast with "the vices of public action." Here, "virtues" refers to admirable qualities or positive attributes of private markets, not strictly to moral righteousness. This aligns with sense 2, which defines virtue as "any admirable quality or attribute" with the synonym "merit." The passage is emphasizing the advantageous characteristics of private markets within an economic theory framework.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "virtues" in this passage.

The sentence reads: "a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action"

Here, "virtues" is being contrasted with "vices" - specifically the virtues of private markets versus the vices of public action. This is talking about the positive qualities or advantages of private markets.

Let me examine each sense:

1. sense_key=virtue%1:07:01:: - "the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong" - This is about moral virtue, righteousness. While this could apply, the context is specifically about the qualities/advantages of private markets, not about moral righteousness per se.

2. sense_key=virtue%1:07:03:: - "any admirable quality or attribute" - This fits well. The passage is describing private markets as having admirable qualities or attributes. "Merit" as a synonym aligns with the context of describing the positive aspects of private markets.

3. sense_key=virtue%1:07:02:: - "morality with respect to sexual relations" - This doesn't fit at all. There's no mention of sexual morality in the context.

4. sense_key=virtue%1:07:04:: - "a particular moral excellence" - This is similar to sense 1, focused on moral excellence.

The context is comparing the "virtues of private markets" with "vices of public action." This is about the positive qualities or merits of private markets. Sense 2 ("any admirable quality or attribute") with its synonym "merit" seems most appropriate here. The passage is emphasizing the advantageous or admirable qualities of private markets.

So the answer should be sense 2.


attempt_kind: initial

status: success

[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: private
Target surface form: private
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of <t>private</t> markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=private%3:00:00:: | definition=confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy | examples=a private place; private discussions
2. sense_key=private%5:00:02:personal:00 | definition=concerning things deeply private and personal | examples=private correspondence; private family matters
3. sense_key=private%5:00:00:personal:00 | definition=concerning one person exclusively | synonyms=individual | examples=we all have individual cars; each room has a private bath
4. sense_key=private%5:00:00:inward:00 | definition=not expressed | synonyms=secret | examples=secret (or private) thoughts

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The word "private" in "private markets" refers to markets that are confined to or controlled by particular persons or groups (private owners/businesses), as opposed to public or government-controlled markets. This matches sense 1, which defines "private" as "confined to particular persons or groups."

finish_reason: stop

role: assistant

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "private" in the sentence.

The sentence reads: "a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action"

The word "private" is used as an adjective modifying "markets". This is talking about private markets (as opposed to public markets or government intervention).

Let me look at each candidate sense:

1. "confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy" - This is about something being restricted to certain people or being private/secluded. Examples: "a private place; private discussions"

2. "concerning things deeply private and personal" - This is about personal matters. Examples: "private correspondence; private family matters"

3. "concerning one person exclusively" - This is about individual/personal things. Examples: "we all have individual cars; each room has a private bath"

4. "not expressed" - This is about thoughts or feelings that are secret/internal. Examples: "secret (or private) thoughts"

In the context "virtues of private markets", the word "private" means markets that are not controlled by the government - markets that are privately owned or operated. This is different from "public" markets or government-controlled markets.

This usage doesn't really fit with sense 2 (personal/family matters) or sense 4 (secret/internal thoughts).

Sense 1 talks about "confined to particular persons or groups" - private markets could be seen as confined to particular persons or groups (private owners/businesses) rather than being public.

Sense 3 is about "concerning one person exclusively" with examples of "individual cars" and "private bath" - this could also fit with the idea of private markets being individually/privately owned rather than public.

However, looking more carefully at the context, "private markets" is contrasted with "public action". In this economic/political context, "private" refers to markets that are not government-controlled or public - they are controlled by private individuals or businesses.
Sense 1 best captures this meaning—markets confined to private entities rather than controlled by the public or government.

type: thinking

currency: USD


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: market
Target surface form: markets
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private <t>markets</t> over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=market%1:04:00:: | definition=the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold | synonyms=marketplace | examples=without competition there would be no market; they were driven from the marketplace
2. sense_key=market%1:14:00:: | definition=the customers for a particular product or service | examples=before they publish any book they try to determine the size of the market for it
3. sense_key=market%1:06:00:: | definition=a marketplace where groceries are sold | synonyms=grocery store, grocery, food market | examples=the grocery store included a meat market
4. sense_key=market%1:14:01:: | definition=the securities markets in the aggregate | synonyms=securities industry | examples=the market always frustrates the small investor
5. sense_key=market%1:06:01:: | definition=an area in a town where a public mercantile establishment is set up | synonyms=marketplace, mart

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The target word "markets" in the phrase "virtues of private markets over the vices of public action" refers to the broader system of commercial economic activity as opposed to government intervention. This sense captures the abstract concept of market-based economics as a mechanism for allocating goods and services, which is exactly what the political ideology discussion is referencing. This matches sense 1: "the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "markets" appears:

"a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action"

This is discussing political and economic ideology - the belief in private markets versus public intervention. The context is about political philosophy and how markets (as opposed to government action) can handle economic activity.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=market%1:04:00:: | definition=the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold | synonyms=marketplace | examples=without competition there would be no market; they were driven from the marketplace

2. sense_key=market%1:14:00:: | definition=the customers for a particular product or service | examples=before they publish any book they try to determine the size of the market for it

3. sense_key=market%1:06:00:: | definition=a marketplace where groceries are sold | synonyms=grocery store, grocery, food market | examples=the grocery store included a meat market

4. sense_key=market%1:14:01:: | definition=the securities markets in the aggregate | synonyms=securities industry | examples=the market always frustrates the small investor

5. sense_key=market%1:06:01:: | definition=an area in a town where a public mercantile establishment is set up | synonyms=marketplace, mart

The phrase "private markets" is contrasted with "public action." This is referring to the general system of market-based economic activity as opposed to government intervention.

Sense 1 (the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold) best captures this meaning. It's about the overall system of commerce and trade, not specific to groceries (sense 3), not about customers (sense 2), not about securities specifically (sense 4), and not about a physical marketplace location (sense 5).
Sense 1 is the correct answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: vice
Target surface form: vices
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the <t>vices</t> of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=vice%1:07:00:: | definition=moral weakness | synonyms=frailty
2. sense_key=vice%1:04:00:: | definition=a specific form of evildoing | examples=vice offends the moral standards of the community

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context contrasts "virtues of private markets" with "vices of public action." This is using "vices" in the sense of general moral weaknesses or failings (the opposite of virtues), rather than referring to specific forms of wrongdoing. The definition "moral weakness" with the synonym "frailty" best matches this abstract, comparative usage.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "vices" is being used.

The context is: "a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action"

This is contrasting "virtues" with "vices". The passage is discussing political ideologies and their beliefs about what works well (virtues) versus what doesn't work well (vices).

Let me look at the two candidate senses:

1. sense_key=vice%1:07:00:: | definition=moral weakness | synonyms=frailty
   - This refers to a general moral weakness or failing, a personal flaw

2. sense_key=vice%1:04:00:: | definition=a specific form of evildoing | examples=vice offends the moral standards of the community
   - This refers to a specific form of evil or wrongdoing

In the context, "vices of public action" is being contrasted with "virtues of private markets." This is using the word in a more general, abstract sense to mean moral failings or weaknesses - the opposite of virtues.

Given the contrast with "virtues" and the meaning of general moral failings, sense 1 (moral weakness) seems more appropriate. The passage is not specifically talking about "evildoing" in the sense of crimes or specific immoral acts, but rather about general moral failings or weaknesses in government action.

Sense 1: "moral weakness" with synonym "frailty" fits better with the comparative discussion of virtues vs. vices.

The answer should be: {"sense_index": 1}


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: public
Target surface form: public
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of <t>public</t> action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=public%3:00:00:: | definition=not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole | examples=the public good; public libraries
2. sense_key=public%5:00:00:common:02 | definition=affecting the people or community as a whole | examples=community leaders; community interests

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "public" is being used.

The sentence in question is: "a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action"

The context is contrasting:
- "private markets" (private sector, market-driven)
- "public action" (government action, state intervention)

And this is further contrasted with:
- "Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention"

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=public%3:00:00:: | definition=not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole | examples=the public good; public libraries
   - This sense emphasizes that it's not private, and concerns the people as a whole
   - The examples "public good" and "public libraries" fit the idea of something provided by or for the state/government

2. sense_key=public%5:00:00:common:02 | definition=affecting the people or community as a whole | examples=community leaders; community interests
   - This sense is about something affecting a community broadly

In the context, "public action" is being contrasted with "private markets". The term "public" here refers to government/state action (the opposite of private), not just something that affects the community as a whole.

Sense 1 explicitly defines public as "not private" which is exactly what's happening in the contrast here - public (government) action versus private (market) action. The definition also says "open to or concerning the people as a whole" which fits with the idea of state/government action.

Sense 2 is more about something affecting a community, but doesn't emphasize the contrast with "private" as clearly.

I believe Sense 1 is the best fit, as it explicitly contrasts with "private" and refers to state/government action that concerns the people as a whole.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: action
Target surface form: action
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public <t>action</t>, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=action%1:04:02:: | definition=something done (usually as opposed to something said) | examples=there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
2. sense_key=action%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being active | synonyms=activity, activeness | examples=his sphere of activity; he is out of action
3. sense_key=action%1:04:03:: | definition=a military engagement | synonyms=military action | examples=he saw action in Korea
4. sense_key=action%1:22:00:: | definition=a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings) | synonyms=natural process, natural action, activity | examples=the action of natural forces; volcanic activity
5. sense_key=action%1:10:00:: | definition=the series of events that form a plot | examples=his novels always have a lot of action
6. sense_key=action%1:07:00:: | definition=the trait of being active and energetic and forceful | examples=a man of action
7. sense_key=action%1:06:00:: | definition=the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism | synonyms=action mechanism | examples=the piano had a very stiff action
8. sense_key=action%1:04:01:: | definition=a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong | synonyms=legal action, action at law
9. sense_key=action%1:04:04:: | definition=an act by a government body or supranational organization | examples=recent federal action undermined the segregationist position; the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
10. sense_key=action%1:04:00:: | definition=the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field | examples=the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds; gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 9}
```

The context discusses "public action" as an alternative to "private markets," in a passage about government intervention and the role of the state. Sense 9 ("an act by a government body or supranational organization") is the best fit, as it specifically captures action taken by governmental/public entities, which aligns with the economic theory's contrast between Republican views favoring private markets and Democratic views favoring public intervention.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the target word "action" to find the best sense.

The sentence in context is:
"...a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action..."

Here, "public action" is being contrasted with "private markets" and "private interest." The text is talking about government intervention or public intervention, and how Republicans believe in minimalism of the state and prefer private markets to "public action."

In this context, "action" refers to deeds, activities, or interventions undertaken by the government/public sector. It's not about a judicial proceeding, military engagement, a plot device, or natural processes.

Let me evaluate each sense:

1. "something done (usually as opposed to something said)" - This is a general sense about deeds/actions. This could fit.

2. "the state of being active" - This is about the condition of being active, which doesn't quite fit.

3. "a military engagement" - No, not about military engagement.

4. "a process existing in or produced by nature" - No, this is about natural processes.

5. "the series of events that form a plot" - No, not about narrative.

6. "the trait of being active and energetic" - No, not about a trait.

7. "the operating part that transmits power" - No, mechanical sense.

8. "a judicial proceeding" - No, not a legal case here.

9. "an act by a government body or supranational organization" - This seems very relevant! "Public action" would mean actions/acts by government bodies. This fits perfectly with the context about government intervention.

10. "the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area" - This doesn't fit the context.

Between sense 1 and sense 9, sense 9 is more specific and appropriate. The context specifically discusses "public action" in relation to government intervention and the state, making sense 9 (action as an act by a government body) the best fit.
Sense 9 is the answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: democratic
Target surface form: Democratic
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a <t>Democratic</t> brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=democratic%3:00:00:: | definition=characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality; ; ; - George du Maurier | examples=democratic government; a democratic country
2. sense_key=democratic%3:01:00:: | definition=belong to or relating to the Democratic Party | examples=Democratic senator
3. sense_key=democratic%5:00:00:common:01 | definition=representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large | synonyms=popular | examples=democratic art forms; a democratic or popular movement

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "Democratic" is being used.

The context is discussing a political theory that contrasts two "brands" of political thinking:
1. "Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets"
2. "Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention"

Let me examine each sense:

1. Sense 1: "characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality" - This is about principles of democracy in general.

2. Sense 2: "belong to or relating to the Democratic Party" - This is specifically about the U.S. Democratic Party (as shown in the example "Democratic senator").

3. Sense 3: "representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large" - This is about something being democratic/popular in nature.

Looking at the context, the text is explicitly contrasting the "Democratic brand" with the "Republican brand" in terms of their political philosophies. The capital "D" in "Democratic" and the context of comparing it to Republican/GOP suggests this is referring to the Democratic Party specifically.

The passage is discussing the Democratic Party as a political entity with certain policy positions (big government, public intervention), contrasting it with the Republican brand/GOP.

This clearly points to Sense 2: "belong to or relating to the Democratic Party" - Democratic senator is the example given, and here we have Democratic party policies being discussed.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: brand
Target surface form: brand
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic <t>brand</t> that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=brand%1:10:00:: | definition=a name given to a product or service | synonyms=trade name, brand name, marque
2. sense_key=brand%1:09:00:: | definition=a recognizable kind | synonyms=make | examples=there's a new brand of hero in the movies now; what make of car is that?
3. sense_key=brand%1:10:02:: | definition=identification mark on skin, made by burning
4. sense_key=brand%1:27:00:: | definition=a piece of wood that has been burned or is burning | synonyms=firebrand
5. sense_key=brand%1:10:01:: | definition=a symbol of disgrace or infamy; --Genesis | synonyms=mark, stigma, stain | examples=And the Lord set a mark upon Cain
6. sense_key=brand%1:06:00:: | definition=a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard | synonyms=sword, blade, steel

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The target word "brand" in this context refers to a recognizable kind or type of political ideology. The passage discusses "a Republican brand" and "a Democratic brand" as two distinct, recognizable types of political philosophy that voters can choose between. This matches sense 2 (brand%1:09:00::) - "a recognizable kind" - similar to the example "there's a new brand of hero in the movies now." The usage is metaphorical but follows the same pattern as the sense definition.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context around the word "brand" in this passage.

The context is discussing political voting patterns and an economic theory about voters. The passage says:

"Voters can 'buy' one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

Here, "brand" is being used metaphorically to refer to a recognizable type or category of political ideology/philosophy. The text treats Republican and Democratic political philosophies as different "brands" that voters can choose between.

Let me look at each sense:

1. sense_key=brand%1:10:00:: - "a name given to a product or service" - This is about commercial branding (like brand names)

2. sense_key=brand%1:09:00:: - "a recognizable kind" with synonyms "make" and examples like "there's a new brand of hero in the movies now; what make of car is that?" - This seems to fit! "Brand" here means a recognizable type or kind of something.

3. sense_key=brand%1:10:02:: - "identification mark on skin, made by burning" - Not relevant

4. sense_key=brand%1:27:00:: - "a piece of wood that has been burned or is burning" - Not relevant

5. sense_key=brand%1:10:01:: - "a symbol of disgrace or infamy" - Not relevant

6. sense_key=brand%1:06:00:: - "a cutting or thrusting weapon" - Not relevant

The correct answer is sense 2 (brand%1:09:00::), which means "a recognizable kind". This fits the metaphorical use where different political philosophies are treated as different recognizable kinds or types that voters can choose between. The example "there's a new brand of hero in the movies now" is very similar in usage to "a Republican brand that believes in..."
So the answer is 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: public
Target surface form: public
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in <t>public</t> intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=public%3:00:00:: | definition=not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole | examples=the public good; public libraries
2. sense_key=public%5:00:00:common:02 | definition=affecting the people or community as a whole | examples=community leaders; community interests

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The phrase "public intervention" in the context refers to government action that concerns "the people as a whole" rather than private interests. This directly aligns with sense 1's definition of "not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole," and the example "the public good" is particularly relevant to the discussion of government action to remedy economic excesses. The contrast established between "private markets" and "public action" reinforces this sense.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully to determine which sense of "public" best fits.

The target word is "public" in this sentence:
"...a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

The two candidate senses are:
1. sense_key=public%3:00:00:: | definition=not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole | examples=the public good; public libraries
2. sense_key=public%5:00:00:common:02 | definition=affecting the people or community as a whole | examples=community leaders; community interests

In the context, "public intervention" is being contrasted with "private markets" and "private interest." The passage is discussing government action that affects the broader community/population.

Looking at the examples:
- Sense 1 mentions "public good" and "public libraries" - these are things that concern or are open to the people as a whole
- Sense 2 mentions "community leaders" and "community interests" - these are things affecting the community as a whole

Both definitions seem quite similar. Let me think about which one better captures the usage:

"Public intervention" in this context means intervention by the government affecting the people as a whole. This is definitely something that concerns "the people as a whole" (sense 1) or "affects the people or community as a whole" (sense 2).

The key difference: Sense 1 emphasizes "not private; open to or concerning" while Sense 2 emphasizes "affecting."

In this context, "public intervention" is government action affecting the community. The word "intervention" itself suggests an action affecting others. So sense 2 "affecting the people or community as a whole" seems more precise.

However, sense 1 with "public good" as an example is also very relevant - "public intervention to remedy the excesses" is about public action for the common good.
Sense 1 appears more foundational here—it captures the essential meaning of "public" as something concerning the people as a whole rather than private action. While sense 2's emphasis on "affecting" is also present, the more basic definition better fits how "public intervention" functions in this passage about government action for collective benefit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: intervention
Target surface form: intervention
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public <t>intervention</t> to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=intervention%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.) | synonyms=intercession | examples=it occurs without human intervention
2. sense_key=intervention%1:10:00:: | definition=a policy of intervening in the affairs of other countries | synonyms=interference
3. sense_key=intervention%1:04:03:: | definition=the act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others | synonyms=interposition
4. sense_key=intervention%1:04:01:: | definition=(law) a proceeding that permits a person to enter into a lawsuit already in progress; admission of person not an original party to the suit so that person can protect some right or interest that is allegedly affected by the proceedings | examples=the purpose of intervention is to prevent unnecessary duplication of lawsuits
5. sense_key=intervention%1:04:02:: | definition=care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury) | synonyms=treatment

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context discusses how the Democratic brand believes in "big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest." This refers to government action or involvement in economic/social affairs, which matches sense 1: "the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.)" - specifically, the general concept of intervening through public action to address problems in the economy.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "intervention" is used:

"A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public <t>intervention</t> to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

The context is about political/economic policy. The "Democratic brand believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

This is talking about government action or involvement in economic affairs to fix problems created by private markets. This is about intervention in the affairs of the economy/state.

Let me look at the senses:

1. sense_key=intervention%1:04:00:: - "the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.)" - This is general mediation/intervention. The example is "it occurs without human intervention" which suggests involvement/participation.

2. sense_key=intervention%1:10:00:: - "a policy of intervening in the affairs of other countries" - This is specifically about foreign policy, intervening in other countries' affairs. This doesn't fit since we're talking about domestic policy.

3. sense_key=intervention%1:04:03:: - "the act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others" - This is about inserting something between things. Not quite right.

4. sense_key=intervention%1:04:01:: - Legal definition about entering a lawsuit. Definitely not applicable here.

5. sense_key=intervention%1:04:02:: - Medical intervention. Not applicable here.

The context is about government action/involvement in the economy to remedy problems.

The best match is sense 1 - the general definition of intervening, where the government acts to address economic issues. This captures the meaning of public involvement in economic affairs to fix market failures.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: remedy
Target surface form: remedy
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to <t>remedy</t> the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=remedy%2:30:00:: | definition=set straight or right | synonyms=rectify, remediate, repair, amend | examples=remedy these deficiencies; rectify the inequities in salaries
2. sense_key=remedy%2:29:00:: | definition=provide relief for | synonyms=relieve | examples=remedy his illness

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The context shows "remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest," where remedy means to correct or fix a problematic situation. This aligns with sense 1 ("set straight or right") with its synonyms rectify, remediate, repair, and amend. The context is about correcting economic/social problems, not providing medical relief.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context of the word "remedy" in the given passage.

The sentence in question is: "the Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

In this context, "remedy" means to fix or correct something that is wrong - specifically to address or fix the excesses that arise from pursuing private interest.

Let me examine the two candidate senses:

1. Sense 1 (sense_key=remedy%2:30:00::): "set straight or right" with synonyms rectify, remediate, repair, amend. The examples given are "remedy these deficiencies; rectify the inequities in salaries" - this is about fixing or correcting problems.

2. Sense 2 (sense_key=remedy%2:29:00::): "provide relief for" with synonyms relieve. The examples given are "remedy his illness" - this is about providing relief or treatment for a medical condition.

In the context given, "public intervention to remedy the excesses" clearly means to fix, correct, or set right the excesses (which are problems). This is not about providing medical relief or treatment. It's about correcting or addressing a problematic situation.

Therefore, the best sense is Sense 1, which means "set straight or right" - this fits the context of correcting the excesses of pursuing private interest.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: excess
Target surface form: excesses
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the <t>excesses</t> attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=excess%1:07:02:: | definition=a quantity much larger than is needed | synonyms=surplus, surplusage, nimiety
2. sense_key=excess%1:07:00:: | definition=immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits | synonyms=excessiveness, inordinateness
3. sense_key=excess%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being more than full | synonyms=surfeit, overabundance
4. sense_key=excess%1:04:00:: | definition=excessive indulgence | synonyms=overindulgence | examples=the child was spoiled by overindulgence

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The context discusses how the Democratic brand believes in public intervention to remedy "excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest." This refers to immoderate or excessive behaviors that result from actors going beyond appropriate limits in their pursuit of profit and self-interest. This matches sense 2 ("immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits") rather than sense 1 (a mere quantity surplus), sense 3 (state of being overfull), or sense 4 (excessive indulgence as a specific behavioral pattern).

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine the best sense for "excesses" in this passage.

The sentence reads: "and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the <t>excesses</t> attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

The context is about political ideologies. The Democratic brand believes in using public intervention to remedy "excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest." This is talking about excesses or problems that arise from private interest-seeking.

Let me consider each sense:

1. sense_key=excess%1:07:02:: | definition=a quantity much larger than is needed | synonyms=surplus, surplusage, nimiety
   - This refers to a quantity that is excessive. While it could fit, it's more about physical quantities.

2. sense_key=excess%1:07:00:: | definition=immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits | synonyms=excessiveness, inordinateness
   - This refers to immoderation or going beyond limits. This fits well - the "excesses" of pursuing private interest would be when people go beyond appropriate/permitted limits in pursuit of profit/interest.

3. sense_key=excess%1:26:00:: | definition=the state of being more than full | synonyms=surfeit, overabundance
   - This is about being overfull, which is too narrow/physical for this context.

4. sense_key=excess%1:04:00:: | definition=excessive indulgence | synonyms=overindulgence | examples=the child was spoiled by overindulgence
   - This is about indulgence specifically, which while related, is more about overindulgence in consumption.

In the political context, "excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest" refers to immoderate or immodest behaviors that result from going beyond proper limits in the pursuit of private profit/interest. This best matches sense 2 - "immoderation as a consequence of going beyond sufficient or permitted limits."
The best fit is sense index 2, which captures the idea of immoderation and overstepping boundaries in the pursuit of private gain—exactly what the Democrats are proposing to remedy through government intervention.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: attendant
Target surface form: attendant
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses <t>attendant</t> to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=attendant%5:00:00:present:02 | definition=being present (at meeting or event etc.) | examples=attendant members of the congreation
2. sense_key=attendant%5:00:00:subsequent:00 | definition=following or accompanying as a consequence | synonyms=consequent, accompanying, concomitant, incidental, ensuant, resultant | examples=an excessive growth of bureaucracy, with attendant problems; snags incidental to the changeover in management

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "attendant" in the phrase "the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest" means "following or accompanying as a consequence." The excesses are those that accompany or result from the pursuit of private interest. This matches sense 2 with its synonyms (consequent, accompanying, concomitant) and fits the exemplar pattern "excessive growth of bureaucracy, with attendant problems."

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to determine which sense of "attendant" is being used.

The target word is "attendant" in this phrase: "the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

Let me look at the two senses:

1. Sense 1: "being present (at meeting or event etc.)" - This is about presence at an event.
   Example: "attendant members of the congregation"
   This is clearly the meaning of "present at"

2. Sense 2: "following or accompanying as a consequence" - This is about something that comes along with something else as a consequence.
   Synonyms: consequent, accompanying, concomitant, incidental, ensuant, resultant
   Examples: "an excessive growth of bureaucracy, with attendant problems; snags incidental to the changeover in management"

In the context: "the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest"

This means "the excesses that accompany/follow as a consequence of the pursuit of private interest." The excesses are consequences that come with pursuing private interest. This clearly matches sense 2 - it's about something that follows as a consequence.

The phrase structure "attendant to" means "accompanying" or "consequent upon," not "being present at."

The answer should be sense 2.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: pursuit
Target surface form: pursuit
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the <t>pursuit</t> of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:00:: | definition=the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture | synonyms=chase, pursual, following | examples=the culprit started to run and the cop took off in pursuit
2. sense_key=pursuit%1:09:00:: | definition=a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria | synonyms=pursuance, quest | examples=the pursuit of love; life is more than the pursuance of fame
3. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:02:: | definition=an auxiliary activity | synonyms=avocation, by-line, hobby, sideline, spare-time activity
4. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:01:: | definition=a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly) | synonyms=pastime, interest | examples=sailing is her favorite pastime; his main pastime is gambling

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 2}
```

The word "pursuit" in this context refers to the act of seeking or striving for private interest—an abstract goal. This matches sense 2: "a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria," with synonyms "pursuance" and "quest." The example "the pursuit of love" parallels the structure of "the pursuit of private interest" in the passage, where the target is an intangible objective rather than something physically chased or a hobby-like activity.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context for the word "pursuit" in this text.

The sentence is: "a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

This is discussing the pursuit of private interest - meaning the act of seeking or striving for private interest/personal gain.

Let me look at the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:00:: - "the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture" - This is about physically chasing something. Examples: "the culprit started to run and the cop took off in pursuit" - This is too literal/physical.

2. sense_key=pursuit%1:09:00:: - "a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria" - This is about searching for something abstract that meets certain criteria. Synonyms include "pursuance, quest". Examples: "the pursuit of love; life is more than the pursuance of fame" - This fits well! The "pursuit of private interest" is a search for something abstract that meets cognitive criteria (financial gain, personal benefit, etc.).

3. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:02:: - "an auxiliary activity" - This doesn't fit. "Pursuit of private interest" is not described as an auxiliary/secondary activity.

4. sense_key=pursuit%1:04:01:: - "a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)" - This suggests something pleasant and leisurely, but "pursuit of private interest" in this economic context is not meant to be pleasant - it's more about seeking economic gain.

Sense 2 is clearly the best fit. The context is talking about people's actions in seeking/pursuing private interest, which is an abstract search that meets cognitive/economic criteria. The example "the pursuit of love; life is more than the pursuance of fame" is very similar in structure to "pursuit of private interest."
The second sense is the correct answer.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: private
Target surface form: private
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of <t>private</t> interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=private%3:00:00:: | definition=confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy | examples=a private place; private discussions
2. sense_key=private%5:00:02:personal:00 | definition=concerning things deeply private and personal | examples=private correspondence; private family matters
3. sense_key=private%5:00:00:personal:00 | definition=concerning one person exclusively | synonyms=individual | examples=we all have individual cars; each room has a private bath
4. sense_key=private%5:00:00:inward:00 | definition=not expressed | synonyms=secret | examples=secret (or private) thoughts

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The phrase "private interest" in the context of contrasting pursuit of personal interests with "public intervention" refers to individual, personal interests rather than collective/public ones. Sense 3, with its definition "concerning one person exclusively" and synonym "individual," best captures this meaning of private as distinct from public/collective concerns.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "private" appears.

The full phrase is: "public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest"

This is contrasting "private interest" with "public intervention." The text is discussing how Democratic policy believes in public intervention to address problems caused by pursuit of private interests.

In this context, "private interest" means personal, individual, or self-interested concerns (as opposed to public/collective interests). It's not about something being:
- Confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy (sense 1)
- Deeply private and personal in the intimate sense (sense 2)
- Concerning one person exclusively/individual (sense 3)
- Not expressed/secret thoughts (sense 4)

Let me reconsider. The phrase is "the pursuit of private interest" - this is referring to individual/personal interests as opposed to collective/public interests.

Sense 3 says "concerning one person exclusively" with synonym "individual" and examples about individual cars and private baths - these are about something belonging to or concerning one particular person.

"Private interest" means individual interests, personal interests - interests of one person or a limited group, as opposed to public interests.

This seems closest to sense 3 - "private" here means individual, personal, concerning particular persons rather than the public.

Actually, let me think about sense 2 again - "concerning things deeply private and personal" - but the example is "private correspondence; private family matters" which emphasizes personal/intimate matters. "Private interest" is more about individual/personal interests in a broader sense.

Sense 3 with "individual" as a synonym seems most appropriate. "Private interest" = individual interests.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: interest
Target surface form: interest
Context:
In every presidential election over the past half century, except for the Goldwater presidential candidacy, the GOP has captured a greater percentage of the major - party popular vote for president than it has of congressional seats or the popular vote for Congress. Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private <t>interest</t>. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=interest%1:09:00:: | definition=a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something | synonyms=involvement | examples=an interest in music
2. sense_key=interest%1:07:01:: | definition=a reason for wanting something done | synonyms=sake | examples=for your sake; died for the sake of his country
3. sense_key=interest%1:07:02:: | definition=the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.) | synonyms=interestingness | examples=they said nothing of great interest; primary colors can add interest to a room
4. sense_key=interest%1:21:00:: | definition=a fixed charge for borrowing money; usually a percentage of the amount borrowed | examples=how much interest do you pay on your mortgage?
5. sense_key=interest%1:21:03:: | definition=(law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something | synonyms=stake | examples=they have interests all over the world; a stake in the company's future
6. sense_key=interest%1:14:00:: | definition=(usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aims | synonyms=interest group | examples=the iron interests stepped up production
7. sense_key=interest%1:04:01:: | definition=a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly) | synonyms=pastime, pursuit | examples=sailing is her favorite pastime; his main pastime is gambling

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 5}
```

The context discusses how the Democratic brand believes in "public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest." In this economic theory framework, "private interest" refers to individuals' personal stakes and financial advantages they pursue. This aligns with sense 5's definition of "a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something" with the synonym "stake," which captures the economic concept of self-interest as a driving force in the market economy.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context carefully. The target word "interest" appears in this sentence:

"...a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest."

Looking at the context:
- The sentence discusses Democratic beliefs in public intervention to remedy excesses of "the pursuit of private interest"
- This is contrasted with Republican beliefs in "minimalist state and virtues of private markets"
- The passage is about economic theory and voting patterns

Now let me examine the candidate senses:

1. "a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something" - This doesn't fit well. While "private interest" could theoretically mean "private concerns," this isn't the typical usage here.

2. "a reason for wanting something done / sake" - This could work. "Interest" meaning "sake" or "benefit" - as in "for the public interest" meaning "for the benefit/sake of the public." This seems like a strong candidate.

3. "the power of attracting or holding one's attention" - This doesn't fit at all in this context.

4. "a fixed charge for borrowing money" - This is financial interest, clearly not what's meant here.

5. "a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something" - This could work. "Private interest" could mean private stakes/concerns in economic activities.

6. "a social group whose members control some field of activity" - This doesn't fit the context well.

7. "a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts" - This doesn't fit.

The best candidates are 2 and 5.

In the context of "the pursuit of private interest," this refers to the idea that individuals pursue their own advantage/benefit/concerns. This is a classic economic concept - "self-interest."

Sense 5 ("a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something") with the synonym "stake" seems most appropriate. When people pursue their "private interest," they're pursuing their own financial/legal stakes and advantages.
Both senses 2 and 5 capture the meaning here, but sense 5 better captures the economic concept of self-interest—individuals pursuing their own stakes and advantages. This aligns with the classical economic theory referenced in the passage about how people act in their own benefit.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: representative
Target surface form: representatives
Context:
Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional <t>representatives</t> have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: | definition=a person who represents others
2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: | definition=an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose | synonyms=spokesperson, interpreter, voice | examples=the meeting was attended by spokespersons for all the major organs of government
3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: | definition=a member of the United States House of Representatives | synonyms=congressman, congresswoman
4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: | definition=an item of information that is typical of a class or group | synonyms=example, illustration, instance | examples=this patient provides a typical example of the syndrome; there is an example on page 10

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 3}
```

The context explicitly discusses "Congressional representatives" and their responsibilities while "voting in office," which directly indicates members of the United States House of Representatives. This matches sense 3 perfectly, as evidenced by the synonym "congressman, congresswoman" and the specific institutional context provided.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context where "representatives" appears:

"Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues... and attending to local issues"

The context is talking about "Congressional representatives" - this is clearly referring to members of the U.S. Congress, specifically the House of Representatives.

Let me examine the candidate senses:

1. sense_key=representative%1:18:00:: - "a person who represents others" - This is too general.

2. sense_key=representative%1:18:02:: - "an advocate who represents someone else's policy or purpose" - This is about spokespersons or advocates, not specifically politicians.

3. sense_key=representative%1:18:01:: - "a member of the United States House of Representatives" - This is exactly what's meant. The context explicitly says "Congressional representatives" which refers to members of Congress/the House of Representatives.

4. sense_key=representative%1:09:00:: - "an item of information that is typical of a class or group" - This is about being an example or instance, not about people in government.

The answer is clearly sense 3, which is "a member of the United States House of Representatives" with synonyms like "congressman, congresswoman". The context explicitly mentions "Congressional representatives" voting in office and their responsibilities, which perfectly matches this sense.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: have
Target surface form: have
Context:
Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives <t>have</t> two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=have%2:40:00:: | definition=have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense | synonyms=have got, hold | examples=She has $1,000 in the bank; He has got two beautiful daughters
2. sense_key=have%2:42:00:: | definition=have as a feature | synonyms=feature | examples=This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France
3. sense_key=have%2:39:06:: | definition=go through (mental or physical states or experiences) | synonyms=experience, receive, get | examples=get an idea; experience vertigo
4. sense_key=have%2:40:04:: | definition=have ownership or possession of | synonyms=own, possess | examples=He owns three houses in Florida; How many cars does she have?
5. sense_key=have%2:30:00:: | definition=cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition | synonyms=get, let | examples=He got his squad on the ball; This let me in for a big surprise
6. sense_key=have%2:34:00:: | definition=serve oneself to, or consume regularly | synonyms=consume, ingest, take in, take | examples=Have another bowl of chicken soup!; I don't take sugar in my coffee
7. sense_key=have%2:41:00:: | definition=have a personal or business relationship with someone | examples=have a postdoc; have an assistant
8. sense_key=have%2:36:00:: | definition=organize or be responsible for | synonyms=hold, throw, make, give | examples=hold a reception; have, throw, or make a party
9. sense_key=have%2:40:01:: | definition=have left | examples=I have two years left; I don't have any money left
10. sense_key=have%2:42:12:: | definition=be confronted with | examples=What do we have here?; Now we have a fine mess
11. sense_key=have%2:30:01:: | definition=undergo | synonyms=experience | examples=The stocks had a fast run-up
12. sense_key=have%2:29:02:: | definition=suffer from; be ill with | examples=She has arthritis
13. sense_key=have%2:32:00:: | definition=cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner | synonyms=induce, stimulate, cause, get, make | examples=The ads induced me to buy a VCR; My children finally got me to buy a computer
14. sense_key=have%2:40:05:: | definition=receive willingly something given or offered | synonyms=accept, take | examples=The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter; I won't have this dog in my house!
15. sense_key=have%2:40:03:: | definition=get something; come into possession of | synonyms=receive | examples=receive payment; receive a gift
16. sense_key=have%2:29:05:: | definition=undergo (as of injuries and illnesses) | synonyms=suffer, sustain, get | examples=She suffered a fracture in the accident; He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars
17. sense_key=have%2:40:02:: | definition=achieve a point or goal | synonyms=get, make | examples=Nicklaus had a 70; The Brazilian team got 4 goals
18. sense_key=have%2:29:00:: | definition=cause to be born | synonyms=give birth, deliver, bear, birth | examples=My wife had twins yesterday!
19. sense_key=have%2:35:00:: | definition=have sex with; archaic use | synonyms=take | examples=He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

raw_output:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

The sentence "Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office" uses "have" in the sense of possessing or holding something in an abstract sense. The representatives possess or hold two basic duties/responsibilities as part of their role. This aligns with sense 1 ("have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense"), which covers possession of abstract entities like responsibilities and duties.

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context to understand what "have" means in this sentence:

"Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues and attending to local issues."

The sentence is saying that congressional representatives possess or have as their responsibilities these two basic functions. They own/possess these responsibilities.

Looking at the candidate senses:

1. "have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense" - This is about possession. The example "She has $1,000 in the bank" shows concrete possession, but "He has got two beautiful daughters" shows the sense can apply to relationships/abstract things too.

2. "have as a feature" - This is specifically about features, like "This restaurant features..."

3. "go through (mental or physical states or experiences)" - This is about experiencing something

4. "have ownership or possession of" - Similar to sense 1, about owning/possessing

5. "cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition" - This is about causation

6. "serve oneself to, or consume regularly" - About eating/consuming

7. "have a personal or business relationship with someone" - About relationships

8. "organize or be responsible for" - About organizing or being responsible for something

9. "have left" - About remaining

10. "be confronted with" - About encountering

11. "undergo" - About experiencing

12. "suffer from; be ill with" - About illness

13. "cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner" - About causation

14. "receive willingly something given or offered" - About accepting

15. "get something; come into possession of" - About receiving

16. "undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)" - About suffering from

17. "achieve a point or goal" - About achieving
18. "cause to be born" - About childbirth
19. "have sex with; archaic use" - About sexual relations

In the context: "Congressional representatives have two basic responsibilities"

This is saying that representatives possess or have as their duties these two responsibilities. The most fitting sense is either the first one about possessing in an abstract sense, or the eighth about being responsible for something. The phrasing suggests representatives hold these obligations as part of their role.

Looking at the structure more carefully, "have two basic responsibilities" is fundamentally about possessing abstract duties. Sense 1 captures this well—having or possessing something in an abstract sense—whereas sense 4 focuses on concrete ownership. Since responsibilities are intangible, sense 1 fits best.

The answer is 1.


[System] You are an English linguist performing fine-grained Word Sense Disambiguation. WordNet glosses are schematic. Use the sentence context, the examples, and the synonyms to choose the best indexed sense. Do not hedge. Choose the single best indexed sense.

[User]
Target lemma: responsibility
Target surface form: responsibilities
Context:
Prior to 1932, the pattern was nearly the opposite. What accounts for the results of recent decades? A simple economic theory may provide at least a partial explanation for the split personality displayed by Americans in the voting booth. The theory relies on three assumptions: 1 -RRB- Voters can "buy "one of two brands when they select their political agents -- a Republican brand that believes in the minimalist state and in the virtues of private markets over the vices of public action, and a Democratic brand that believes in big government and in public intervention to remedy the excesses attendant to the pursuit of private interest. 2 -RRB- Congressional representatives have two basic <t>responsibilities</t> while voting in office -- dealing with national issues -LRB- programmatic actions such as casting roll call votes on legislation that imposes costs and/or confers benefits on the population at large -RRB- and attending to local issues -LRB- constituency service and pork barrel -RRB-. 3 -RRB- Republican congressional representatives, because of their belief in a minimalist state, are less willing to engage in local benefit-seeking than are Democratic members of Congress.

Candidate senses:
1. sense_key=responsibility%1:04:00:: | definition=the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; ; - John D.Rockefeller Jr | synonyms=duty, obligation | examples=we must instill a sense of duty in our children; every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty
2. sense_key=responsibility%1:26:00:: | definition=the proper sphere or extent of your activities | synonyms=province | examples=it was his province to take care of himself
3. sense_key=responsibility%1:07:00:: | definition=a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct | synonyms=responsibleness | examples=he holds a position of great responsibility

Instructions:
1. Choose the single best indexed sense for the target word in context.
2. WordNet glosses are schematic; use the context, synonyms, and examples together.
3. Do not answer with a WordNet sense key.
4. Return only a JSON object exactly like {"sense_index": 3}.

content:
```json
{"sense_index": 1}
```

reasoning_content:
Let me analyze the context and the candidate senses for "responsibilities" in this passage.

The context discusses Congressional representatives having "two basic responsibilities while voting in office -- dealing with national issues... and attending to local issues..."

Let me examine each sense:

1. Sense 1 (responsibility%1:04:00::): "the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force" - synonyms: duty, obligation. Examples talk about sense of duty, right implies responsibility, obligation, possession implies duty.

2. Sense 2 (responsibility%1:26:00::): "the proper sphere or extent of your activities" - synonym: province. Example: "it was his province to take care of himself"

3. Sense 3 (responsibility%1:07:00::): "a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct" - synonym: responsibleness. Examples mention "holds a position of great responsibility"

In the context, Congressional representatives have "two basic responsibilities" - dealing with national issues and attending to local issues. This is describing the duties or tasks that congressional representatives must perform.

Sense 1 seems most appropriate because:
- It refers to duties/obligations that bind you to certain courses of action
- The context is specifically about the duties/obligations representatives have while voting
- The synonym "duty" and "obligation" fit perfectly with what the text is describing - the required tasks/duties of representatives

Sense 2 (province) focuses on the "proper sphere or extent of your activities" - this could work but is more about the domain of activity rather than the specific duties.

Sense 3 is more about the trait/character of being responsible/answerable rather than specific duties.

The best fit is Sense 1, which describes responsibility as duties and obligations.